Health Economics Commons^™

Data Profiles-Rhode Island-Warwick, John C. Brown, Richard A. Ramsawak, James R. Gomes

Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise

We continue support the Federal Bank of Boston “Working Cities” challenge which aims to support social and economic recovery of underperforming small and mid-sized cities in the New England region. We continue to extend our data profiles of these cities located in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and now Connecticut. It is our hope that these data ‘rich” profiles which includes key indicators on health, population and demographic changes, industrial growth, and educational performance can not only support policy development in these targeted areas, but also help in monitoring the progress these cities make over time.

Data Profiles-Rhode Island-West Warick, John C. Brown, Richard A. Ramswak, James R. Gomes

Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise

We continue support the Federal Bank of Boston “Working Cities” challenge which aims to support social and economic recovery of underperforming small and mid-sized cities in the New England region. We continue to extend our data profiles of these cities located in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and now Connecticut. It is our hope that these data ‘rich” profiles which includes key indicators on health, population and demographic changes, industrial growth, and educational performance can not only support policy development in these targeted areas, but also help in monitoring the progress these cities make over time.

Data Profiles-Rhode Island-Woonsocket, John C. Brown, Richard A. Ramsawak, James R. Gomes

Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise

We continue support the Federal Bank of Boston “Working Cities” challenge which aims to support social and economic recovery of underperforming small and mid-sized cities in the New England region. We continue to extend our data profiles of these cities located in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and now Connecticut. It is our hope that these data ‘rich” profiles which includes key indicators on health, population and demographic changes, industrial growth, and educational performance can not only support policy development in these targeted areas, but also help in monitoring the progress these cities make over time.

Decreasing Cost Associated Medication Nonadherence, Shawn E. Raymond

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Project

An Abstract of the Scholarly Project by

Shawn E. Raymond

Medication cost is a major contributor for patient medication nonadherence. Take in the fact that a large population lives in poverty, many cannot afford to pay the retail prices associated with purchasing their medications. By incorporating wholesale medications into a charitable health clinic, the reduced cost of medications for treatment of both acute and chronic illnesses could be passed on to those in need thereby decreasing cost associated medication nonadherence. Nurse Practitioners in the state of Kansas are not afforded the privilege to purchase, repackage and distribute or resell wholesale …

The Health Care Expenditure And Income: A Global Perspective, Badi H. Baltagi, Raffaele Lagravinese, Francesco Moscone, Elisa Tosetti

Center for Policy Research

This paper investigates the long-run economic relationship between health care expenditure and income in the world using data on 167 countries over the period 1995-2012, collected from the World Bank data set. The analysis is carried using panel data methods that allow one to account for unobserved heterogeneity, temporal persistence, and cross-section dependence in the form of either a common factor model or a spatial process. We estimate a global measure of income elasticity using all countries in the sample, and for sub-groups of countries, depending on their geo-political area and income. Our findings suggest that at the global level, …

Goods-Time Elasticity Of Substitution In Health Production, Juan Du, Takeshi Yagihashi

Economics Faculty Publications

We examine how inputs for health production, in particular, medical care and health-enhancing time, are combined to improve health. The estimated elasticity of substitution from a constant elasticity of substitution production function is significantly less than one for the working-age population, rejecting the unit elasticity of substitution used in previous studies.

Give A Man A Fish: A Narrative Approach To A Case Study Of Soup Kitchens In The Wentworth Community, Evelyn Shen

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study uses a narrative approach to explore the role of soup kitchens in the predominantly Coloured and English-speaking Wentworth community. Many of the community’s churches1 and non-profit organizations host soup kitchens regularly, rotating so that there is a meal available each day of the week.

Qualitative data was gathered through volunteering with the soup kitchens as a participant observer and having conversations and open-ended interviews with soup kitchen guests and hosts. Institutional context was provided by interviews with the Convener of the War Room and the Ward Councillor, and representatives of three non-profits in the community. In order to …

Three Essays On The Effects Of Childbearing On Economic Well-Being And Health, Ramazan Onur Altindag

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Chapter 1: Couples in Turkey exhibit son preference through son-biased differential stopping behavior that does not cause a sex ratio imbalance in the population. Demand for sons leads to lower ratios of boys to girls in larger families but higher ratios in smaller families. Girls are born earlier than their male siblings, and son-biased fertility behavior is persistent in response to decline in fertility over time and across households with parents from different backgrounds. Parents use contraceptive methods to halt fertility following a male birth. The sibling sex composition is associated with gender disparities in health. Among third- or later-born …

How Did The Aca Affect Health Insurance Coverage In Kentucky?, Aaron Yelowitz

Institute for the Study of Free Enterprise Working Papers

The major components of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) were implemented in 2014, including the rollout of the Health Insurance Marketplace, Medicaid expansions, and the individual mandate. Kentucky stands out as one of the few southern states to expand Medicaid, and earlier work has demonstrated that Kentucky experienced some of the largest gains in health insurance coverage. The goal of the current study is to further explore the sources that individuals used to gain coverage in Kentucky using a large, publicly available dataset, the American Community Survey (ACS). Several findings emerge. First, overall health insurance coverage increased by 5.7 percentage …

Incense Burning During Pregnancy And Birth Weight And Head Circumference Among Term Births: The Taiwan Birth Cohort Study, Le-Yu Chen, Christine Ho

Research Collection School Of Economics

Incense burning for rituals or religious purposes is an important tradition in many countries. However, incense smoke contains particulate matter and gas products such as carbon monoxide, sulfur and nitrogen dioxide, which are potentially harmful to health. We analyzed the relationship between prenatal incense burning and birth weight and head circumference at birth using the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study. We performed multivariate regression analysis on a sample of 15,773 Taiwanese babies born in 2005 and controlled extensively for factors that may be correlated with incense burning and birth outcomes. Prenatal incense burning environment was associated with lower birth weight and …

Economic Costs And Benefits Of A Community-Based Lymphedema Management Program For Lymphatic Filariasis In Odisha State, India, Eileen Stillwaggon, Larry Sawers, Jonathan Rout, David Addiss, Leanne Fox

Economics Faculty Publications

Lymphatic filariasis afflicts 68 million people in 73 countries, including 17 million persons living with chronic lymphedema. The Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis aims to stop new infections and to provide care for persons already affected, but morbidity management programs have been initiated in only 24 endemic countries. We examine the economic costs and benefits of alleviating chronic lymphedema and its effects through a simple limb-care program. For Khurda District, Odisha State, India, we estimated lifetime medical costs and earnings losses due to chronic lymphedema and acute dermatolymphangioadenitis (ADLA) with and without a community-based limb-care program. The program would …

The Influence Of Projection Bias On Outcomes Of Healthcare Financial Incentive Programs, Jordyn M. Bader

Department of Agricultural Economics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This thesis contributes to the behavioral health literature and literature regarding healthcare financial incentive programs by discussing the influences of the behavioral economic concept of projection bias on programs designed to recruit healthcare providers to rural or under served areas. First, I propose an adaptation to the model of projection bias by introducing a term that captures variability in individuals’ propensity to exhibit projection bias based on the amount of effort expended in predicting future preferences. Next, I conduct a probit model regression to observe what incentive program design features and participant characteristics are likely to influence the probability of …

Three Essays On Informal Payments In The Health Care Sector In Russia, Alexandra Polovinka

Dissertations

Health care is one of the most corrupt sectors in Russia. In 2015 twenty percent of patients paid a bribe for the health care services once or twice, and thirteen percent more than twice (Russian Public Opinion Research Center, 2015). Using data on adults from over 5,000 households in Russia, this three-essay study analyzes out-of-pocket formal (official) and informal (unofficial, bribes) payments for the health care.

In the first essay, I study whether there is a difference in the amount of unofficial pay-ments across five types of health care services (ambulance, inpatient, outpatient, dental, and medical checkups) and two types …

The Financial Dialogue In The Development Of Medical Treatment Plans, Christopher D. Busack, Ms3, Bethany Fox, Ms3

The Medicine Forum

As patients face increasingly high out-of-pocket costs and difficulties navigating the healthcare system, failing to discuss available treatment options in financial terms can lead to grave consequences for patients. Medical bills are responsible for the majority of bankruptcies in the United States. Given the severe financial implications of medical bills, it is imperative that patients become more involved in discussions of their treatment plans and become aware of the costs of their decisions up front. Counseling about costs ensures that physicians avoid placing a debilitating financial burden on patients and maintain adherence to the ethical principle of non-maleficence. Various studies …

A Comparative Budget Requirements For Tb Program Based On Minimum Standard Of Services (Spm) And Budget Realization: An Exit Strategy Before Termination Of Gf Atm, Ery Setiawan, Purwa K. Sucahya, Hasbullah Thabrany

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

It has become a common issue that the Global Fund (GF) as one of the largest international donors to AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Program will immediately stop the funding. Data shows that in 2009 GF ATM support reached 88,8% while APBN funding just cover 11,2% of the total budget needed. However, APBN budget for ATM programs was significantly increased in 2012 which covered almost 30% of the total budget. Eventhough the increasing trend of ATM budget seemed at the central government level, how ever the local governments will hold the key to the sustainability of the post- termination GF ATM …

Evaluasi Pengadaan Obat Publik Pada Jkn Berdasarkan Data E-Catalogue Tahun 2014-2015, Ary Dwiaji, Prih Sarnianto, Hasbullah Thabrany

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Since National Health Insurance (JKN) has been implemented, drug procurement in public health care facilities use e-Purchasing via e-Catalogue. Based on the RKO and HPS, drafting e-Catalogue have gone through a tender process and price negotiations. The process chain will effect the type (molecules) and the amount of drug through the e-Catalogue as well as the number and volume of demand by public health care facilities (e-Order).

People’S Support On Sin Tax To Finance Uhc In Indonesia, 2016, Hasbullah Thabrany, Zahrina Laborahima

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Indonesia has the highest prevalence of smokers with 67% of adult males were smokers. Smoking prevalence among all adults increased sharply from 27% in 1995 to 36.3% in 2013. High consumption of cigarettes has been correlated with low price and excise of cigarettes. Experiences from other countries showed that one of the most effective way to reduce cigarette consumption is by increasing cigarette price and excise. Burden of tobacco related diseases has increased. The health burden will increase claims of JKN or Universal Health Coverage which currently has claim ratio of 115% and the quality of care remain low. The …

Application Of Decision Analytic Model In Health Economic Evaluation: Smoking Cessation Cases, Septiara Putri

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Health economic evaluation that encompasses decision analytic model is a beneficial approach for assisting decision maker to choose the best health intervention for patients. Decision analytic model has been increasingly applied in health economic evaluation. This mathematical approach is mostly used for conducting cost-effectiveness of healthcare interventions. Decision tree and Markov model has been widely applied in the past 20 years. Decision tree is the simplest form of decision model that drawn by the series of branches and clear pathways. Meanwhile, Markov model is one of the powerful approaches that employ stochastic process in health economic evaluation. This paper describes …

Biaya Dan Outcome Hemodialisis Di Rumah Sakit Kelas B Dan C, Firda Tania, Hasbullah Thabrany

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition that is increasing in incidence in Indonesia, consuming a lot of National Health Insurance (JKN) public funds. In the JKN program, hemodialysis (HD) for treating CKD is guaranteed but requires a balance between costs and outcomes. Since 2014, BPJS has covered almost all HD costs in Indonesia with different Casemix Base Group (CBG) rates according to hospital class.

Terapi Sistemik Defisit Jkn: Bahan Refleksi Bagi Semua Pihak, Budi Hidayat

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

The deficit deserves to be considered a chronic JKN disease. Indications of the deficit are revealed from the claims ratio figures. In 2014 and 2015, the claims ratio was consistently above 100%. This figure results from dividing claim costs (or participant health costs) by contribution income. Thus, the claims ratio describes the absorption of contribution funds for health costs only. However, contribution income must also be allocated for operational expenses and reserves. The JKN deficit will continue to grow if systemic therapy is nil. For 2016, the author's estimation results by referring to the assumed contribution amounts by Presidential Regulation …

Ageing And Long-Term Care Planning Perceptions Of Hispanics In The Usa: Evidence From A Case Study In New London, Connecticut, María Amparo Cruz-Saco, Mónika López-Anuarbe

Economics Faculty Publications

This paper explores the ageing attitudes and long-term care planning behavior of adult Hispanics in New London, Connecticut, a town with 30 thousand inhabitants that is rapidly ageing. We conducted six focus groups and had 37 participants share their ageing perceptions and long-term care needs. Our main findings suggest that informal care arrangements are vulnerable and unsustainable especially since women have historically and disproportionately provided most family eldercare even at their own personal and financial expense. Though male participants expected their female relatives to care for them when they age and need personal assistance, female participants did not necessarily expect …

The Economics Of Lotto, Ian Walker, Robert E. Pryce, Rhys Wheeler, Nick Powdathvee

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Health Information Technology On Hospital Quality Of Care, Ruirui Sun

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Health Information Technology (Health IT) is designed to store patients’ records safely and clearly, to reduce input errors and missing records, and to make communications more efficiently. Concerned with the relatively lower adoption rate among the US hospitals compared to most developed countries, the Bush Administration set up the Office of National Coordinator for Health Information Technology in 2006 to mandate the Health IT implementation with $25.9 billion subsidies to eligible hospitals starting 2009. Underlying the huge subsidy is the belief that Health IT can reduce hospital cost by improving efficiency and quality, and can help reduce total health expenditure. …

Essays On The Economics Of Health And Risky Behavior, Markus Gehrsitz

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

As Forrest Gump has ever eloquently pointed out: stupid is as stupid does. It turns out that most people engage in behavior that could reasonably be considered stupid, or at least risky. People overeat, chain-smoke cigarettes, drink excessively, consume harmful drugs, and drive too fast; if worst comes to worst they do some of these things simultaneously. This work evaluates three policy measures that are designed to promote health and less risky behavior: I evaluate the effects of penalties for speeding transgressions on future driving behavior, the effects of low emission zones on infant health and air pollution, and the …

Essays In Health Economics, Aigbokhai Unuigbe

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation is motivated by changes in health and labor policies of the United States that have occurred over the last two decades. It examines how these policies as well as public programs affect behavior and outcomes. These programs and policies have the potential to impact behavior directly at the individual level and could also have indirect effects at the household level. In addition, the effects on healthcare use and health status are also examined. This dissertation consists of three chapters.

The first chapter looks at the effect of changes in Medicaid policy on legal immigrant parents in the United …

Essays On The Well-Being Of An Aging Population, Alice Zulkarnain

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation consists of three essays that examine health and labor issues among the middle aged and elderly.

Chapter 1. A Delayed Retirement Policy and Male Labor Supply: Evidence from the Entire Dutch Population

This chapter examines the labor supply effects of a national delayed retirement policy introduced in the Netherlands in 2009. The policy offers a reduction in taxes on labor income for each year after the age of 62 in which a person worked. I estimate the average effect of the policy on male labor supply as well as its responsiveness to the size of the incentive. Comparing …

Essays On Portfolio Choice And Risk Management, Yi-Chin Hsin

Dissertations

Globalization increases the access to financial markets and provides expanding opportunities for investors to diversify internationally. As suggested by the Modern Portfolio Theory (Markowiz, 1952), rational investors should use one of the following two strategies to achieve portfolio diversification: (1) Investing in asset classes thought to have low correlations or (2) increasing the sizes of their portfolios in multiple markets. In the early 1970s, diversification was referred to as the “free lunch” in investment. However, French and Poterba (1991) show that investors still tend to hold a disproportionate part of domestic equities in their portfolios. This phenomenon is called “the …

Effects Of The Affordable Care Act On Part-Time Employment: Early Evidence, Marcus Dillender, Carolyn J. Heinrich, Susan N. Houseman (Corresponding Author)

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) requires employers with at least 50 full-time-equivalent employees to offer “affordable” health insurance to employees working 30 or more hours per week. If employers do not comply with the mandate, they may face substantial financial penalties. Employers can potentially circumvent the mandate by reducing weekly hours below the 30-hour threshold or by using other nonstandard employment arrangements (direct-hire temporaries, agency temporaries, small contractors, and independent contractors). We examine the effects of the ACA on short-hours, part-time employment. Using monthly CPS data, we estimate that the ACA resulted in an increase in low-hours, involuntary part-time employment …

Does Infant Formula Availability Reduce Breastfeeding?, Ingvild Madsen Lampe

Master's Theses

Abstract: Several key studies highlight the importance of breastfeeding and there is a broad consensus that it plays a crucial role for a child's health and cognitive development. This is especially true for the poor in developing countries, where vulnerable infants' access to proper nutrition is vital. We investigate the effect of introducing infant formula into a market on changes in breastfeeding patterns. Using the Demographic Health Surveys and annual reports from the baby food industry between 1981 and 2002 in 11 tropical countries, we find evidence that import of infant formula significantly reduces breastfeeding duration. The effects are stronger …

Air Pollution, Temperature And Cognitive Performance In The Short Run: Evidence From Women’S Ability To Recall Dates, Ke Yang

Master's Theses

Abstract: Cognitive performance is important to productivity across many fields and potentially correlated to air pollution and extreme temperatures. We study the effects of daily ambient air pollution and monthly temperature on women’s ability of recalling dates across 42 developing countries from 1997 to 2009. We use an estimated natural air pollution data, and calculate the AQI to get an aggregate effect of air pollution. We find that one standard deviation increase in the AQI leads to a statistical decrease in women’s probability to recall dates such as birthdays, marriage date or children’s birthdays by 0.44 percentage point. Furthermore, there …