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2017

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Articles 17551 - 17580 of 21434

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Student Departure At West Point : An Examination Within A Total Institution, Jason C. Toole Jan 2017

Student Departure At West Point : An Examination Within A Total Institution, Jason C. Toole

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The United States Military Academy at West Point recruits, trains, and educates talented young

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Nationalism From Above In Narratives : A Comparison Between Britian And China, Zhaojin Lu Jan 2017

Nationalism From Above In Narratives : A Comparison Between Britian And China, Zhaojin Lu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Comparing political speeches and history textbooks in Britain and China from the twentieth century, this study explores the symbolic construction of Chinese and British national identity after the downfall of the empires. In both cases, the decline of the empire and the imperial identity had given the room for the uprising of narrow nationalism, which could be seen respectively in English-centric narratives and Han-centric narratives in the data before and during the World War Two. However, a key difference lay in the building of English nationalism and Han nationalism. The grow of English nationalism was accompanied by a shrinkage of …

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Inequality In Access To Dental And Vision Care : Examining The Role Of Income And Insurance, Wahida Ferdousi Jan 2017

Inequality In Access To Dental And Vision Care : Examining The Role Of Income And Insurance, Wahida Ferdousi

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation explores inequality in access to dental and vision care. It includes three chapters.

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Intra-Exposure Levels Of Anxious Arousal In A Lab-Based Exposure Intervention For Fear Of Public Speaking, Matteo Bugatti Jan 2017

Intra-Exposure Levels Of Anxious Arousal In A Lab-Based Exposure Intervention For Fear Of Public Speaking, Matteo Bugatti

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background. Exposure therapy is effective for addressing social anxiety and public speaking fears, yet there are differences in suggested exposure strategies among empirically supported, manualized treatments. Manualized exposure strategies differ in the relative theoretical emphasis that underpins the specific procedural approach. Some approaches rely more heavily on the principle of habituation and formal cognitive restructuring; alternative approaches emphasize inhibitory learning and the individual's response to his/her own negative emotions, while promoting present-focused awareness. Innovative process methods can shed light on the similarities and differences between these approaches. Objectives. The goal of this study was to examine differences in anxious arousal …

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Essays On The Role Of Uncertainty In The Economy, Amalia Sarah Jerison Jan 2017

Essays On The Role Of Uncertainty In The Economy, Amalia Sarah Jerison

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In this dissertation, I study how uncertainty interacts with firm dynamics to affect aggregate economic variables. The first chapter proposes a measure of uncertainty based on forecaster surveys and compares it with another measure developed by Jurado, Ludvigson and Ng (2015). This chapter first investigates whether fluctuations in survey composition make the survey uncertainty measure too dependent on the identity of participating forecasters. An extension of the Breusch and Pagan (1979) test due to Breitung, Roling and Salish (2016) rejects constancy of parameters in regressions of GDP growth on survey uncertainty as the subsets of the forecasters differ. However, the …

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Does Multiracial Identity Integration Moderate The Relation Between Racism And Health?, Michael Gale Jan 2017

Does Multiracial Identity Integration Moderate The Relation Between Racism And Health?, Michael Gale

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Current estimates suggest that approximately 9 million U.S. citizens identify as biracial or multiracial (henceforth “multiracial”) and that the multiracial population grew 32% from 2000 to 2010 (Humes et al., 2011). Despite the growth and increased visibility of this population, the psychological research on this group is limited and further research is needed to address the potential unique needs of multiracial individuals with regard to experiences of racial oppression, racial identity, and connections to health (Choi, Harachi, Gillmore, & Catalano, 2006). Past findings have suggested a significant, direct relation between perceived racial discrimination and psychological distress among multiracial individuals and …

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Examining Influence Of Domain Transition And Spouse Reaction On Relationship Between Employee's Job Demands And Turnover Intention, Youjeong Huh Jan 2017

Examining Influence Of Domain Transition And Spouse Reaction On Relationship Between Employee's Job Demands And Turnover Intention, Youjeong Huh

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The present study examines the association between job demands and employee turnover intention. Data included measures of job demands, family-to-work transition, focal employee work-family-conflict, spouse’s perception of focal employee’s work-family-conflict, spouse’s perception of psychological contract violation towards focal employee’s organization, and employee turnover intention. Utilizing 158 pairs of dual-earner couples in the U.S., the author tested the proposed relationships among work-family conflict, spousal attitudes toward the organization, and employee turnover intention. Results showed that the frequency of family-to-work transition moderated the relationship between job demands and spouse’s perception of focal employee’s WFC mediated by focal employee WFC only in male …

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Assessing Factors Influencing Employees' Voice Behavior In Organizations, Nikita Agnihotri Jan 2017

Assessing Factors Influencing Employees' Voice Behavior In Organizations, Nikita Agnihotri

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The purpose of the present study was threefold: (1) to investigate the relationship between organizational based self- esteem and voice behavior, (2) to examine whether or not organizational identification interacts with organizational based self-esteem in significantly predicting voice behavior, and (3) to test another moderation effect, interaction of perceived organizational support and organizational based self-esteem in predicting voice behavior. Based on data from 482 undergraduate students, results suggested organization based self-esteem is strongly positively related to voice behavior. Additionally, the interaction of organization based self-esteem with both perceived organizational support and organizational identification in predicting voice behavior was not significant. …

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Antecedents And Consequences Of Performance Information Use In Collaborative Networks, Manabu Nakashima Jan 2017

Antecedents And Consequences Of Performance Information Use In Collaborative Networks, Manabu Nakashima

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study aims to explore antecedents and consequences of performance information use in collaborative networks, focusing on the effects of network members’ interaction patterns and relational characteristics on performance information use. Using a case of the Faraway County system of care wherein network participants engaged in collective decision making and service provisions to mentally-ill children and youth, this study addresses three research questions:

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Depression And Anxiety In Emerging Adults : The Impact Of Executive Function And Coping, Elisabeth J. O'Rourke Jan 2017

Depression And Anxiety In Emerging Adults : The Impact Of Executive Function And Coping, Elisabeth J. O'Rourke

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Emerging adulthood is a developmental period marked by increased anxiety related to academic, social, and professional stressors. The ability to successfully cope with stress is strongly negatively related to mental health outcomes. Furthermore, recent studies indicate a connection between executive function impairment, anxiety and depression. The current study examines executive functioning (EF), coping, anxiety, and depression in a sample of 210 emerging adults (NMales = 131, Mage = 19.14). Additionally, the relation between EF and coping is explored. Finally, coping’s effect on the relation between EF and outcome (anxiety and depression) is investigated. The results demonstrate that males and females …

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The Partners Of Transgender People : Gender, Sexuality, And Embodiment In Relationships Through Transition, Carey Jean Sojka Jan 2017

The Partners Of Transgender People : Gender, Sexuality, And Embodiment In Relationships Through Transition, Carey Jean Sojka

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In this dissertation, I explore the gendered, sexual, and embodied negotiations of the social world by thirty-five partners of transgender people as their significant other experienced various aspects of gender transition. This research shows the ways that people peripheral to a gender transition can be intimately impacted by it. Participants in this study demonstrated shifted understandings of their own and their partner’s gender and sexuality (i.e. Jason Cromwell’s (1999) transsituated perspective), as well as shifted understandings of gender and sexuality on a structural level, thus expanding our understanding of transgender studies by addressing how the perspectives of intimate partners of …

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The Lived Experience Of Caregivers For Children With Asthma, Caroline Weiss Dawson Jan 2017

The Lived Experience Of Caregivers For Children With Asthma, Caroline Weiss Dawson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The Lived Experience of Caregivers for Children with Asthma

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Music Social Tagging As A Validation Tool For The Frbr Conceptual Model, Kabel Nathan Stanwicks Jan 2017

Music Social Tagging As A Validation Tool For The Frbr Conceptual Model, Kabel Nathan Stanwicks

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The International Federation of Library Associations developed its Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) without performing user testing to ensure that the model would meet the needs of professionals and users. Analyzing user-generated social tags in relation to FRBR entities and attributes will help determine if the layperson describes objects in a manner that conforms to the FRBR conceptual model. Number one songs from the weekly Billboard Hot 100 charts from 1958 through 2013 were randomly sampled, tags associated with the sampled songs were pulled from the last.fm Web site, and tags were analyzed to determine their relation to FRBR …

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Sociophonetic Accommodation As A Function Of Interlocutor Target Language Competence : The Case Of New York Dominican Spanish, Cecily Corbett Jan 2017

Sociophonetic Accommodation As A Function Of Interlocutor Target Language Competence : The Case Of New York Dominican Spanish, Cecily Corbett

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation contributes to the variationist understanding of the process of phonetic accommodation through the analysis of syllable-final consonant weakening in the speech of native speakers of New York Dominican Spanish (NYDS) during their interactions with second language learners of Spanish. The principal objective is to examine the inner workings of the accommodation phenomenon by using Dominican Spanish as a medium. The data analyzed in this dissertation come from conversations between the informants—native speakers of NYDS—and four different interlocutors, one of whom is a fellow native speaker of NYDS and three who are second-language learners of Spanish with varying degrees …

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State Dependency Of The Forest-Tundra-Short Wave Feedback : Comparing The Mid-Pliocene And Pre-Industrial Eras Using A Newly-Developed Vegetation Model, Pablo Paiewonsky Jan 2017

State Dependency Of The Forest-Tundra-Short Wave Feedback : Comparing The Mid-Pliocene And Pre-Industrial Eras Using A Newly-Developed Vegetation Model, Pablo Paiewonsky

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The forest-tundra-short wave feedback is the dominant short wave (SW) vegetation feedback at mid-to-high northern latitudes and is an important feedback in Earth’s climate system, especially due to its potential role in modulating glacial cycles. Little research has been done on how the strength of this feedback might vary with the background climate state. It is hypothesized that the feedback has generally strengthened over the last four million years. The feedback mechanism is hypothesized to be weaker under warm Northern Hemispheric conditions when tundra is primarily confined to the high Arctic than under cooler conditions in which the forest-tundra boundary …

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Reducing Medication Errors : A Dialectical Journey From The Phenomenological To The Ontological, Avinash Bachwani Jan 2017

Reducing Medication Errors : A Dialectical Journey From The Phenomenological To The Ontological, Avinash Bachwani

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Discrepancies in medication information lead to medication errors that impose an enormous, yet preventable burden on patients, the healthcare system, and society. The inordinate amount of attention given to the process of reconciling discrepancies has bestowed such inorganic dominance upon the process itself that the primal goals of medication management and patient safety have devolved into implicit considerations. A chief impediment that continues to forestall the homogeneous application of medication reconciliation is the absence of standardization. This dissertation disassembles the most significant barrier to standardization by unbundling the role of clinicians from the process, and additionally challenges the lethargy in …

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The Effect Of Social Media On College Students' Descriptive Norms Of And Intentions To Engage In Risky Sexual Behaviors, Gabrielle Groth Hoover Jan 2017

The Effect Of Social Media On College Students' Descriptive Norms Of And Intentions To Engage In Risky Sexual Behaviors, Gabrielle Groth Hoover

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Risky sexual behavior (RSB; i.e., behavior that increases the risk of contracting an STI and/or unplanned pregnancy) is common on college campuses and poses serious health risks to students. Yet, little research has examined the factors impacting students’ engagement in RSB. The current study examined the role of gender and social media in college students’ peer norms of and intentions to engage in RSB. An experimental design was used in which participants were exposed to one of four conditions (i.e., neutral or RSB content, within and without a social media platform) and then asked to report on peer norms of …

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Bioont : Improving Knowledge Organization And Representation In The Domain Of Biometric Authentication, Stephen Bryan Buerle Jan 2017

Bioont : Improving Knowledge Organization And Representation In The Domain Of Biometric Authentication, Stephen Bryan Buerle

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation explores some of the fundamental challenges facing the information assurance community as it relates to knowledge categorization, organization and representation within the field of information security and more specifically within the domain of biometric authentication. A primary objective of this research is the development of a biometric authentication corpus and an empirically derived ontological prototype, which aids and promotes further research into the fundamental ontological structure of the field of biometric authentication. In doing so this research explores the use of automated and semi-supervised ontological engineering, corpus analysis and natural language processes techniques in the development of this …

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Transforming Fear : The Impact Of Brief Values-Based Interventions On Avoidance Behavior In An Exposure Context, Timothy Ritzert Jan 2017

Transforming Fear : The Impact Of Brief Values-Based Interventions On Avoidance Behavior In An Exposure Context, Timothy Ritzert

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Exposure therapy is the gold standard treatment for anxiety disorders, yet there remains room for improvement. To date, most exposure-based interventions focus on approaching fear-inducing events. Yet, in natural contexts, fear-based avoidance tends to occur in contexts that demand approaching potentially meaningful and reinforcing consequences (e.g., work, intimacy, friendships, helping others). Thus, to maximize exposure, it may be useful to arrange exposures to include contacting fear while simultaneously approaching rewarding consequences, or what many refer to as values. Values strategies, part of acceptance and commitment therapy, might be one way to optimize exposure therapy by increasing approach toward fear-provoking situations …

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Narrating Economic Crises In The Media : An Analysis Of The Media Coverage, In Colombia And In The United States, Of Two Crises, The Great Recession (2008) And The Colombian Crisis Of The End Of The Century (1998), Laura Margarita Milanes Jan 2017

Narrating Economic Crises In The Media : An Analysis Of The Media Coverage, In Colombia And In The United States, Of Two Crises, The Great Recession (2008) And The Colombian Crisis Of The End Of The Century (1998), Laura Margarita Milanes

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation aims to examine how the public debate of two large scale economic crises is structured in the media, using semiotic and narrative analysis methods. The End-of-the-Century crisis (Colombia, 1998) and the Great Recession are explored through a 2x2 comparative design, which provides two cases of coverage (per country) for each crisis. Within a comparative design, economic crises, events that are part of the economic sphere, and countries that are part of the Global North and of the Global North are chosen to assess the scope conditions of key tenets of cultural sociology scholarship.

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VariacióN Y Cambio En El EspañOl De Bogotá : AnáLisis De Dos Variables SociofonéTicas, Leonardo Correa Jan 2017

VariacióN Y Cambio En El EspañOl De Bogotá : AnáLisis De Dos Variables SociofonéTicas, Leonardo Correa

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

RESUMEN

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Lobbying To Lawsuits : Optimistic Biases And Tactical Transitions In The Movement For Lgbt Equality, Katherine Zuber Jan 2017

Lobbying To Lawsuits : Optimistic Biases And Tactical Transitions In The Movement For Lgbt Equality, Katherine Zuber

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This research examines the question of strategic choice in the context of the gay and lesbian rights movement. Although social movements often combine legislative, electoral and legal strategies to effect change, systematic legal efforts on behalf of gay rights did not emerge until well after a concerted lobbying and legislative campaign arose. Why did a politically powerless group seeking rights turn to litigation much later than we might have expected? A targeted case study of gay activism in Boston confirms that political opportunity is an important external factor that shapes strategic choice. However, the impact of these structural factors is …

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The Collateral Effects Of Representation : Three Essays Evaluating Representative Bureaucracy In Practice, Ashley Miller Alteri Jan 2017

The Collateral Effects Of Representation : Three Essays Evaluating Representative Bureaucracy In Practice, Ashley Miller Alteri

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation evaluates representative bureaucracy, a public management theory that has been embraced by public management scholars and implicitly embraced by practitioners through the use of diversity hiring initiatives. The theory of representative bureaucracy posits that a bureaucracy will function better if the administrative arm of government, in addition to its political one, is representative of the public. This representativeness is achieved if the bureaucrat shares a common identity with the group or groups they are meant to represent. The three papers within this dissertation provide an analysis of how this theory translates into practice. Specifically, these papers examine the …

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Effects Of Brief Mindfulness Practice On Perceptions Of Therapist Empathy, Self-Awareness, And The Real Relationship, Marianne Laura Stone Jan 2017

Effects Of Brief Mindfulness Practice On Perceptions Of Therapist Empathy, Self-Awareness, And The Real Relationship, Marianne Laura Stone

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The present study was designed to extend the psychotherapy literature on the benefits of therapist mindfulness practice. Three factors related to the therapist’s way of being (Fife, Whiting, Bradford, & Davis, 2014) were reasoned to be influenced by a mindfulness exercise practiced by the therapist immediately before beginning a therapy session. It was hypothesized that mindfulness practice, compared to no mindfulness, would result in (a) the client rating the therapist as more empathic on the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory Form OS-Emp+ (Barrett-Lennard, 2015); (b) the therapist experiencing less hindering self-awareness during the session, as indicated by scores on the Hindering Self-Awareness …

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The Cost Of Inconsistent Supervisor Treatment On Psychological Detachment And Daily Home Affect : A Multilevel Mediation Study, Yi-Ren Wang Jan 2017

The Cost Of Inconsistent Supervisor Treatment On Psychological Detachment And Daily Home Affect : A Multilevel Mediation Study, Yi-Ren Wang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

With the assumption that the more justice the better, studies in the past have overlooked the implications of the consistency in daily justice experiences. Interpersonal justice especially tends to be associated with frequent fluctuations on the daily basis among the justice dimensions. Drawing on uncertainty management theory (Van den Bos & Lind, 2002; Van den Bos, 2001), the author argued that the uncertainty and the difficulty in consolidating a sense of justice from inconsistent fairness treatments can make people engage in sense-making or rumination after work. Hence, the purpose of the study was to investigate the potential negative spillover impact …

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The Association Of Comorbid Chronic Physical Conditions And Psychological Illness With Health Care Utilization In Middle-Aged And Older People, Allison Houston Jan 2017

The Association Of Comorbid Chronic Physical Conditions And Psychological Illness With Health Care Utilization In Middle-Aged And Older People, Allison Houston

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract

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The New Right In Europe : Supply, Demand, And Electoral Performance : A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Of New Right Parties, 2000-2016, Rachel Rappaport Jan 2017

The New Right In Europe : Supply, Demand, And Electoral Performance : A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Of New Right Parties, 2000-2016, Rachel Rappaport

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The New Right is the fastest growing party family in Europe. Factors contributing to its success have been grouped broadly into two types: demand-side factors and supply-side factors. Demand-side factors comprise socio-economic developments such as unemployment, public mistrust in the political establishment, and levels of immigration. Supply-side factors relate to the mechanics of the party system, the type of the electoral system, and endogenous features of parties such as ideology, leadership and organization. Demand-side factors dominate in the literature on New Right party success. This study concentrates on party ideology in order to explain the electoral credibility of the New …

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Immigration And Victimization : Applications Of Criminological Concepts To The Lesser-Known Side Of The Immigration And Crime Nexus, Allen W.C.P. Wong Jan 2017

Immigration And Victimization : Applications Of Criminological Concepts To The Lesser-Known Side Of The Immigration And Crime Nexus, Allen W.C.P. Wong

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In recent decades, scholarly interest on immigration and crime has been on the rise. This increase in interest has even recently produced an academic consensus on the structural-level relationship between immigration and crime: on average, changes in immigration levels do not disproportionately increase crime rates. However, what is less explored in the literature is the individual-level relationship between immigration and criminal victimization, and specifically, the role played by criminological variables among generations of immigrant ethnic groups and their victimization experiences.

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Exploring The Role Of Escapism In The Dsm-V Criteria For Internet Gaming Disorder : A Meta-Analytic Investigation, Yeonggeul Lee Jan 2017

Exploring The Role Of Escapism In The Dsm-V Criteria For Internet Gaming Disorder : A Meta-Analytic Investigation, Yeonggeul Lee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has been included in the DSM-5 in a preliminary endorsement of excessive video gaming as a behavioral disorder. Further research is required to validate IGD because some criteria are controversial in diagnostic accuracy. Escapism is one such criterion. Despite some research evidence of escapism as the strongest motivational predictor of IGD, recent investigations found that the escapism criterion is highly questionable. Because of the inclusion of escapism in initial IGD measures, previous studies have produced evidence of escapism as a predictor of IGD owing to a tautology. Thus, the present study examined the effect of gaming …

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Cops And Cells : Theorizing And Assessing The Implications Of Smartphone Surveillance For Policing, Sean Patrick Roche Jan 2017

Cops And Cells : Theorizing And Assessing The Implications Of Smartphone Surveillance For Policing, Sean Patrick Roche

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In the United States, police officers are empowered to use force, and are often people’s first point of contact with the criminal justice system. Significantly, in the last decade, the majority of American citizens have acquired smartphone technology, which allows them to document and broadcast police behavior on a scale never before seen. Several high-profile police use of force incidents have been captured on video, and the resulting public outcries suggest that this technology now presents exceptional challenges to the maintenance of police legitimacy. Foucault (1977) argues that power in modern society is achieved by surveillance systems that work to …

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