Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Relation Between Parenting Daily Hassles And Child Behavior Problems Among Low-Income Families: Examining The Role Of Caregiver Positive Expressiveness, Shawna Tanner

Wayne State University Theses

Examined was the role of caregiver positive expressiveness (PE) in the relation between parenting stress and change in child adjustment from preschool to early elementary in a low-income sample. Participants included 133 caregiver-child dyads who participated in a laboratory task and completed measures on parenting daily hassles (PDH), depressive symptoms and child problem behaviors when children were in preschool; and 98 who returned when the children were in elementary. Observed caregiver PE was coded from a videotaped family drawing task. The moderated regression analysis did not support the hypothesis that caregiver PE was a protective factor, attenuating the relation between …

Measuring The Effectiveness Of Benefit-Provisioning And Cost-Inflicting Mate Retention Tactics Through Relationship Outcomes, Tara Delecce

Wayne State University Dissertations

Mate retention has received much less research attention compared to mate choice and attraction. Even the research that has been done on mate retention often only aims to identify what constitutes as mate retention tactics. In the current studies, the effectiveness of mate retention strategies is explored by measuring relationship outcomes of tactics unlike previous research that measures effectiveness through perceptions of relationship satisfaction. In Study 1, individuals who have experienced a nonmarital breakup reported on their own and their ex-partners’ mate retention tactics before the breakup to see which ones predicted the outcome of relationship dissolution. Tests for moderation …

The Narrative Of The Outsider: Marginalization In The Works Of María Luisa Bemberg, Lucrecia Martel, And Lucía Puenzo, Natalie Nagl

Wayne State University Dissertations

Through film and literature, my dissertation explores the representation of race, social class, and gender in the works of three Argentine directors. These social constructs have become so ingrained in interpersonal relations that there is rigidity in how they are considered. Therefore, those individuals who do not think and interact appropriately with the constructs occupy the outside. The possibility of marginalization adds another layer to the constructs by sensitizing them to the point that they affect the individual and their relationships (i.e. psychologically and socially). However, several representations, such as those that make up our corpus, challenge the definitions of …

Essays In International Macroeconomics, Arjun Sondhi

Wayne State University Dissertations

Financial crisis of 2007 provides a renewed interest in financial market linkages and their effect on macro variables. In an open-economy dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model setting, two things are investigated in this paper. First, what role do financial linkages play in propagating asymmetric cross-country dynamics. Specifically, the impact of a productivity shock in home country leads to a more synchronous behavior in consumption and investment in recessions than in expansions. Secondly, a new source of shock is included, one in the financial sector itself. Cross-country asset prices and fixed assets move identically in this scenario implying perfect risk-sharing.

A True Fairytale “Happily Ever After”: An In-Depth Communication Analysis, Courtney E. Dempsey

Senior Honors Projects

Walter Fischer’s Narrative Paradigm states that people are natural born storytellers, they will convey thoughts and feelings through creating a story. These stories must adhere to two principles, fidelity and coherence. While coherence addresses the structure of the narrative, if this story has any resemblance to an archetype, fidelity deals with the story’s rationality, does it make sense? Fischer’s narrative can be applied across many different disciplines.

For this particular analysis I chose to apply Fischer’s Narrative Paradigm to different bridal narratives. While being a bride is an archetype itself, within that narrative there are distinct themed narratives that have …

All But Overturned: America's Nullification Of Brown V. Board Of Education, Albert Leon Samuels

Department of Political Science and Geography Faculty Publications

This article argues that the promise of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) has been largely undermined by a persistent pattern of legal, political, and social resistance that has effectively “nullified” its goals. Despite the formal abolition of legally sanctioned school segregation, contemporary patterns of racial and economic isolation in American public schools increasingly resemble the inequalities that Brown sought to eradicate. Drawing on historical and contemporary evidence, the study links the resegregation of public education to a series of Supreme Court decisions particularly from the 1970s through the 1990s that limited the scope of desegregation remedies, weakened enforcement mechanisms, …

Designing And Using Digital Books For Learning: The Informative Case Of Young Children And Video, Georgene Troseth, Gabrielle Strouse

School of Education Faculty Publications

To promote young children’s learning from screen-based digital books, parents, educators, researchers, and designers might productively consult research about very young children’s learning from another screen-based medium: video. This extensive literature reveals challenges to young children’s learning from digital screens that extend from infancy throughout the preschool years. The youngest viewers learn better watching real events “face to face” than they do watching video, and have trouble transferring information from a screen to the real world. Supports for learning include particular experiences, active mediation by social partners, and select built-in features. Each support is reviewed in regard to its potential …

Toddlers’ Word Learning And Transfer From Electronic And Print Books. Journal Of Experimental Child Psychology, Gabrielle Strouse, Patricia Ganea

School of Education Faculty Publications

Transfer from symbolic media to the real world can be difficult for young children. A sample of 73 toddlers aged 17 to 23 months were read either an electronic book displayed on a touchscreen device or a traditional print book in which a novel object was paired with a novel label. Toddlers in both conditions learned the label within the context of the book. However, only those who read the traditional format book generalized and transferred the label to other contexts. An older group of 28 toddlers aged 24 to 30 months did generalize and transfer from the electronic book. …

On The Limits Of Litigation: A Case Study Of Ayers V Barbour, Albert Leon Samuels

Department of Political Science and Geography Faculty Publications

This chapter explores the limits of litigation as a tool for achieving social change by examining the long-running higher education desegregation case Ayers v. Barbour in Mississippi. Situating the case within the broader legacy of Brown v. Board of Education, the chapter interrogates the enduring assumption that courts serve as effective engines of racial reform. While early civil rights victories demonstrated the symbolic and strategic value of litigation, the experience of Ayers reveals the structural, political, and conceptual constraints that often undermine its effectiveness in addressing deeply rooted institutional inequalities.

Through an analysis of the case’s nearly three-decade legal …

Raising Cultural Awareness In Undergraduate Students Through An Online Pen Pal Program, Jenny-Lin Smith, Mackenzie Lombardi, Rehana Asmi, Madison Hinrichs, Kayla Robertson, Lindsey Buck, Anna Reid

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

International written communication networks, such as pen pal programs, help spread cultural awareness by connecting people from around the world. Competent intercultural communication is the foundation for strong global partnerships. It encourages diversity, increases academic achievement, and gives individuals a competitive edge in the global workforce. This study examines changes in the cultural awareness of 50 U.S. undergraduate participants enrolled in an intercultural communication course at a northwestern university after they exchange private, online pen pal letters with 50 international partners from across the globe. The U.S. participants were divided into Group A (test-group) and Group B (control-group) and then …

Linguistic Imperialism And Volunteer English Teaching: A Neo-Colonial Practice?, Sarah K. Hamburg

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Colonial era tactics of oppression may seem obsolete; however, the United States continues to exploit the same peripheral nations that it, and other world superpowers, have dominated for centuries. In Latin America, the influence of the American hegemony penetrates every aspect of life. Unable to escape the grip of the capitalist system, Latin America has become culturally subservient to the United States, whose supremacy has, over time, led to the extinction and endangerment of hundreds of indigenous languages and cultures. Through years of exposure to American mass culture (i.e. television, music, media, and consumer products), and an unyielding economically dependent …

Successful Interventions: Identifying And Influencing Key Variables, Braeden J. Campbell

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

This research paper was inspired by a desire to see the United States (U.S.) have continued success in the 21st century. The problem that spurred this research was the realization that the U.S. has an opportunistic, short-term, military centric, foreign policy strategy. I believe that in the 21st century, a steady state, balanced, long-term strategy will ensure continued success. This research paper posits that an already strong networked opposition, a repertoire of resistance, and physical infrastructure are both jointly necessary and sufficient for a successful intervention. To test for this pattern, I first explore a common variable attributed to determining …

Television (From The Mississippi Encyclopedia), Steven Classen

Faculty Publications - Department of Communication and Cinematic Arts

Television came relatively late to Mississippi and several other southern states. Following a federal freeze on licensing new stations by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), television stations came on air in 1953 in Mississippi, Arkansas, and South Carolina. Over the next three years Mississippians built six stations-first WJTV and WLBT in Jackson and WCOC in Meridian and later WCBI in Columbus, WDAM in Hattiesburg, and WTWV in Tupelo. Anticipating WJTV's first broadcast, Pres. Dwight D. Eisenhower's January 1953 inauguration, the station's general manager, John Rossitor, told city leaders and educators that television would "bring the world into your home and …

Comprehension Models Of Audiovisual Discourse Processing, Courtney Anderegg, Fashina Alade, David R. Ewoldsen, Zheng Wang

Faculty Publications - Department of Communication and Cinematic Arts

Comprehension is integral to enjoyment of media narratives, yet our understanding of how viewers create the situation models that underlie comprehension is limited.This study utilizes two models of comprehension that had previously been tested with factual texts/videos to predict viewers’ recall of entertainment media. Across five television/film clips, the landscape model explained at least 29% of the variance in recall. A dual coding version that assumed separate verbal and visual representations of the story significantly improved the model fit in four of the clips, accounting for an additional 15–29% of the variance. The dimensions of the event-indexingmodel (time, space, protagonist, …

Variations In Crowding, Saccadic Precision, And Spatial Localization Reveal The Shared Topology Of Spatial Vision, John A. Greenwood, Martin Szinte, Bilge Sayim, Patrick Cavanagh

Dartmouth Scholarship

Visual sensitivity varies across the visual field in several characteristic ways. For example, sensitivity declines sharply in peripheral (vs. foveal) vision and is typically worse in the upper (vs. lower) visual field. These variations can affect processes ranging from acuity and crowding (the deleterious effect of clutter on object recognition) to the precision of saccadic eye movements. Here we examine whether these variations can be attributed to a common source within the visual system. We first compared the size of crowding zones with the precision of saccades using an oriented clock target and two adjacent flanker elements. We report that …

You Don't Know How Strong You Are Until Being Strong Is Your Only Option : Examining Resiliency In Survivors Of A Parent Or Caregiver's Suicide, Haley A. Rice

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

Suicide is a prevalent public health issue in the United States as it intimately effects many Americans annually. This study explored the bereavement and coping processes as well as strength and resiliency of adult children who lost their parent to death by suicide. Twelve adult children were recruited for this study through social media and suicide support groups. Participants were interviewed by phone and interviews were transcribed and analyzed using an inductive approach. The following themes were identified: intensity of the loss, secondary trauma of suicide, feelings of stigma, solace in talking about their parent, researching mental illness, attending grief …

Accounting For Locational, Temporal, And Physical Similarity Of Residential Sales In Mass Appraisal Modeling: The Development And Application Of Geographically, Temporally, And Characteristically Weighted Regression, Paul E. Bidanset, Michael Mccord, John R. Lombard, Peadar Davis, William J. Mccluskey

School of Public Service Faculty Publications

Geographically weighted regression (GWR) has been recognized in the assessment community as a viable automated valuation model (AVM) to help overcome, at least in part, modeling hurdles associated with location, such as spatial heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation of error terms. Although previous researchers have adjusted the GWR weights matrix to also weight by time of sale or by structural similarity of properties in AVMs, the research described in this paper is the first that has done so by all three dimensions (i.e., location, structural similarity, and time of sale) simultaneously. Using 24 years of single-family residential sales in Fairfax, Virginia, …

Disasters In The United States : Frequency, Costs, And Compensation, Vera Brusentsev, Wayne Vroman

Upjohn Press

Disasters are increasing in both frequency and financial costs. Analysis presented here deals with what we know about disasters in the United States including their increasing frequency of occurrence and associated financial costs, compensation available to survivors, where particular types of disasters are most likely to occur, and how disasters can be mitigated.

Extending Work Life: Can Employers Adapt When Employees Want To Delay Retirement?, Robert L. Clark, Melinda Sandler Morrill

Upjohn Press

Aging men and women are increasingly remaining in the labor force. Most often the reason for this is that they need to work additional years in order to be able to support an increasing number of years in retirement. This leaves employers scrambling for ways to adapt to a growing number of retirement-aged workers. Clark and Morrill provide a thorough assessment of the costs and benefits of accommodating later retirement ages, and they describe options employers may use to create some new form of employment contract with aging workers.

The most prominent issues employers with aging workers face are declining …

How Did Employee Ownership Firms Weather The Last Two Recessions?: Employee Ownership, Employment Stability, And Firm Survival In The United States: 1999-2011, Fidan Ana Kurtulus, Douglas L. Kruse

Upjohn Press

Employee ownership firms offer workers the opportunity to own a stake in the firms where they work. This affords them the ability to share in profits and have a voice in firm-related decision-making. In this comprehensive new book, Kurtulus and Kruse provide new evidence on whether employee ownership firms are better equipped to survive recessions. In particular, they focus on broad-based employee ownership, which includes ownership at all levels in the firm’s hierarchy.

Lessons Learned From Public Workforce Program Experiments, Stephen A. Wandner Editor

Upjohn Press

This book chronicles many of the most important experiments and the key lessons derived from the evaluations of both existing large-scale public workforce programs and the development of new interventions—including low-cost experiments based on behavioral science methods.

Introduction To The Journal Of Comparative Urban Law And Policy, Julian C. Juergensmeyer, Karen Johnston

Faculty Publications By Year

No abstract provided.

The Indirect Consequences Of Expanded Off-Label Promotion, Patricia J. Zettler

Faculty Publications By Year

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) policies have been a battleground for litigation about First Amendment protections for commercial speech. In the last five years, the FDA’s position that “off-label” promotion of approved prescription drugs—when a manufacturer promotes a drug for a use for which the FDA has not approved it—leads to violations of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act has been subject to successful legal challenges. Although the merits of these off-label promotion decisions are well traversed in the literature, this Article explores the potential indirect consequences of recently-recognized protections for off-label promotion. This Article demonstrates that—as …

Introduction, Julian Conrad Juergensmeyer, Karen Marie Johnston

Faculty Publications By Year

No abstract provided.

Sleep In Adolescents : Sleep And The Prediction Of Academic Investment And Achievement, Justin Farhat

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

This study was part of a larger and ongoing research effort involving the investigation of aggression, socioeconomic status, student productivity, social functioning, sleep patterns, school environment, and academic achievement in 892 high-school adolescents. The present study specifically examines potential psycho-physiological, environmental, and habitual predictors of adolescent academic achievement and academic investment. Students were assessed on various dimensions including instances of insomnia, restless leg syndrome, sleep hygiene; and attributes such as demographics, academic investment, and GPA. It was hypothesized that participants’ levels of sleep disturbances, would in turn significantly predict grade point averages. Furthermore, it was believed that sleep quality, measured …

Measurements Of Emotional Attributional Biases : A Confirmatory Study Of Infrahumanization, Courtney Tobin

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

This study asks if infrahumanization a detectable individual trait, and how empathy and emotional literacy predict infrahumanization or emotional bias between groups. Black and white participants did not systematically attribute more distinctly human emotions to characters of different races in a series of vignettes, nor did cognitive empathy, empathic capacity, or anti-social personality traits predict a difference in emotional bias.

The Meaning Of Sexual And Gender Identities In Transgender Men, William B. Baker

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the complexity of the lived experiences of trans men, how sexual orientation and gender identity play out in the lives of trans men, and how that lived experience changed during transitioning. The research was aimed at finding how sexual orientation and gender identity, usually treated as separate and independent constructs, interconnect with each other. Eight transgender men were interviewed in-depth over a period of several months. Their perspectives gave insight into how sexual and gender identities are related and how one informs the other.

The present study showed that …

End-Of-Life Caregiving And Meaning Reconstruction : Experiences Of Adult Children Providing Home-Based End-Of-Life Care For A Parent, Kim Marie Tassinari

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Caring for a terminally ill parent is a tremendous responsibility and a job for which most adult children are unprepared, especially if care is provided in the home. As the silver tsunami or the graying of America, fast approaches, many families will be faced with the tremendous responsibility of caring for a parent. Few researchers, however, have examined the experiences of adult children who have provided end-of-life (EOL) care in the home. Moreover, there is a paucity of research from the counseling profession that explores how individuals construct meaning after EOL caregiving experiences with their parents or how they make …

President Trump, Trade Policy, And American Grand Strategy: From Common Advantage To Collective Carnage, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

As a candidate for president of the United States, Donald J. Trump promised to abandon longstanding U.S. approaches to trade and pursue strategies anchored in protectionism and nationalism. This article examines President Trump’s trade policy ideas and proposals and highlights the extent to which he intends to disrupt traditions of U.S. policymaking on trade. The article also analyzes whether domestic and international politics might shift the Trump administration away from a radical approach back towards trade policies that approximate how the United States has managed trade for decades. If such a shift does not occur, the Trump administration’s trade policy …

Laws, Norms, And The Institutional Analysis And Development Framework, Daniel H. Cole

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Elinor Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework has been described as ‘one of the most developed and sophisticated attempts to use institutional and stakeholder assessment in order to link theory and practice, analysis and policy’. But not all elements in the framework are sufficiently well developed. This paper focuses on one such element: the ‘rules-in-use’ (a.k.a. ‘rules’ or ‘working rules’). Specifically, it begins a long-overdue conversation about relations between formal legal rules and ‘working rules’ by offering a tentative and very simple typology of relations. Type 1: Some formal legal rules equal or approximate the working rules; Type 2: …