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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

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2010

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Articles 10501 - 10530 of 12751

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Polymorphic Attacks And Network Topology : Application Of Concepts From Natural Systems, Prahalad Rangan Jan 2010

Polymorphic Attacks And Network Topology : Application Of Concepts From Natural Systems, Prahalad Rangan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The growing complexity of interactions between computers and networks makes the subject of network security a very interesting one. As our dependence on the services provided by computing networks grows, so does our investment in such technology. In this situation, there is a greater risk of occurrence of targeted malicious attacks on computers and networks, which could result in system failure. At the user level, the goal of network security is to prevent any malicious attack by a virus or a worm. However, at the network level, total prevention of such malicious attacks is an impossible and impractical objective to …

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Improving Primary Care Outcomes For Hispanics With Anxiety Disorders : A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Velma -. Barrios Jan 2010

Improving Primary Care Outcomes For Hispanics With Anxiety Disorders : A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Velma -. Barrios

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The proportion of Hispanics in psychosocial treatment outcome research is limited. To our knowledge, no randomized clinical trials have investigated the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in adult Hispanics with anxiety disorders. This is important because Hispanics are among the fastest growing minority group in the U. S., and as a group, they evidence pervasive and persistent anxiety disorders. The growth of the Hispanic population has taken place while social service systems are ill prepared to address the needs of these individuals. In this study, we addressed this gap in the literature by evaluating the difference in clinical effectiveness of cognitive …

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Moving Beyond Anecdote : An Impact Evaluation Of A Popular New York State Work Supports Program, Rebecca J. Wood Jan 2010

Moving Beyond Anecdote : An Impact Evaluation Of A Popular New York State Work Supports Program, Rebecca J. Wood

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study used New York State administrative data on its welfare population and publicly available data to evaluate the impact of a popular work supports program, the Transitional Opportunities Program (TOP), in a sample of ten counties that operated the program compared to eight counties that did not between January 2006 and December 2008. Secondary administrative data on case characteristics, case activity, and employment were matched with data on unemployment from the New York State Department of Labor and mean travel time to work from U.S. Census 2000.

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Thinking Beyond Performance Indicators : A Holistic Study Of Organizational Information Use, Natalie Christine Helbig Jan 2010

Thinking Beyond Performance Indicators : A Holistic Study Of Organizational Information Use, Natalie Christine Helbig

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Government agencies are continually challenged to find ways to improve the implementation of public programs in order to serve the needs of citizens and deliver public value. Governments around the world have adopted performance-related activities, primarily focused on the development and use of performance measurement as a major way to achieve these improvements. However, research to-date has focused predominately on managerial use of performance information for decision making and has narrowly defined the nature of information and knowledge. Theorizing and problematizing the relationships and impacts of information and knowledge on public organizations and public management are needed.

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Offender Routines And Awareness Space : Looking Beyond Space And Place To Predict The Spatial Clustering Of Crime, Gina Penly Hall Jan 2010

Offender Routines And Awareness Space : Looking Beyond Space And Place To Predict The Spatial Clustering Of Crime, Gina Penly Hall

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Research confirms what many people witness everyday--levels of crime are higher at and around some places compared to others. Explanations surrounding the spatial clustering of crime incidents, or hotspots, typically focus on characteristics of the criminal event and devote little attention to the role of the offender. Building from ideas set forth in routine activities and crime pattern theories, the first goal of this dissertation is to address this missing element. The presence of crime hotspots are estimated using geocoded crime incidents. The resulting maps, along with bivariate and multivariate analyses, examine offender-based explanations for the development of crime hotspots …

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Victim Input And Satisfaction : An Analysis Of Victim Personal Statements, Jeanna Marie Mastrocinque Jan 2010

Victim Input And Satisfaction : An Analysis Of Victim Personal Statements, Jeanna Marie Mastrocinque

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Beginning in 2001, England and Wales implemented the Victim Personal Statement scheme, allowing victims to provide a statement to be included in their case file expressing the physical, emotional, and financial consequences of the incident and to state what information the victim wants as the case progresses through the system. The VPS was crafted with the specific expectation that victims would not use this resource as a sentencing tool, and that victims are informed of this stipulation when providing a statement.

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Experiences Of Christian Clients In Secular Psychotherapy : A Qualitative Investigation, Carrie Lynn Cragun Jan 2010

Experiences Of Christian Clients In Secular Psychotherapy : A Qualitative Investigation, Carrie Lynn Cragun

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

According to several authors, many Christians are skeptical of psychology and fear that their religious beliefs will be misunderstood, unappreciated, ridiculed, or eroded in secular therapy (King, 1978). The purpose of the present discovery-oriented study was to understand Christian clients' phenomenological experiences in secular therapy.

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Segregation And Social Control : An Agent Based Simulation, Stephen Matthew Pate Jan 2010

Segregation And Social Control : An Agent Based Simulation, Stephen Matthew Pate

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

There exists a considerable body of literature devoted to the evolution of segregated

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Middle School Teacher Satisfaction With Response To Intervention (Rti) : An Assessment Between Inception And Implementation, Karynn Jensen Zahedi Jan 2010

Middle School Teacher Satisfaction With Response To Intervention (Rti) : An Assessment Between Inception And Implementation, Karynn Jensen Zahedi

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract

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Regionalization Of Selected Police Services Through A Law Enforcement Council : Is It Worth The Cost?, Julie Schnobrich-Davis Jan 2010

Regionalization Of Selected Police Services Through A Law Enforcement Council : Is It Worth The Cost?, Julie Schnobrich-Davis

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This research study presents results from an evaluation and cost effectiveness analysis of a regionalization of selected police services into a Law Enforcement Council approach, as practiced by the Metropolitan Law Enforcement Council (Metro-LEC). The Metro-LEC is a non-profit organization comprising forty three law enforcement agencies in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The results from wave two surveys administered to officers in the organization as well as a survey distributed to the Chief Executive Officers of the participating law enforcement agencies illustrate the overall effectiveness of the organization. Additionally, a cost effectiveness analysis presents data from the costs of operating regionalized …

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Modern Day Mary Poppins : Uncovering The Work Of Nannies And The Expectations Of Employers, Laura Ann Bunyan Jan 2010

Modern Day Mary Poppins : Uncovering The Work Of Nannies And The Expectations Of Employers, Laura Ann Bunyan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Throughout the past few decades the number of parents relying on child care has risen. Most research on parental use of child care focuses on relationships between employers and employees of differing racial-ethnic, social class, and educational status. This dissertation was designed to examine the experiences of those who perform nanny work, the process of selecting care, and understand the experiences of those who do not seek to maximize social space between employee and employer.

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Self-Control Conservation : A Closer Look At The Underlying Process, Nicholas Allegretti Freeman Jan 2010

Self-Control Conservation : A Closer Look At The Underlying Process, Nicholas Allegretti Freeman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Preliminary evidence suggests that when individuals believe that they will have to exert self-control in the near future, their performance on an intervening self-control task suffers so that limited self-control resources are conserved for later use (Muraven, Shmueli, & Burkley, 2006). The current research sought to further clarify the extent to which beliefs about the limited nature of self-control contribute to this conservation effect. Specifically, it is unclear whether simply recognizing that a task requires self-control is enough to prompt individuals to approach the task with a conservation strategy, or, if conservation strategies are only pursued in reaction to resources …

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Negotiating New Roles, New Moralities : Ukrainian Women Physicians At A Post-Socialist Crossroad, Maryna Yevgenivna Bazylevych Jan 2010

Negotiating New Roles, New Moralities : Ukrainian Women Physicians At A Post-Socialist Crossroad, Maryna Yevgenivna Bazylevych

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

My dissertation discusses concepts of professionalism and morality as seen by women physicians in post-socialist Ukraine. As in many other post-socialist societies, Ukrainian women constitute the majority of the medical profession (over 70% of practicing physicians and 80% of medical students). Most of the existing literature explains this narrowly in materialist terms whereby low salary is viewed as determinant of low prestige and thus unattractiveness to men. I suggest that prestige is defined much broader in the local context. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Central and Western Ukraine (2007-2008), I argue that the meanings of prestige carry both socialist and …

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The Great Dane: Georg Brandes In America, Julie K. Allen Jan 2010

The Great Dane: Georg Brandes In America, Julie K. Allen

The Bridge

Although his name is not familiar to most 21st-century Americans, the Danish literary critic Georg Brandes (1842-1927) was the most internationally-renowned Danish intellectual of the early 19th century. Aspiring writers from half a dozen countries deluged him with manuscripts to review, while German, English, and American tourists in Copenhagen believed, as Brandes remarked in a letter to Asta Nielsen in October 1920, that “I belong to the sights of Copenhagen as much as the Round Tower.”

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Financial Stress, Neighborhood Stress, And Well-Being: Mediational And Moderational Models, Amy Kapp Jan 2010

Financial Stress, Neighborhood Stress, And Well-Being: Mediational And Moderational Models, Amy Kapp

Honors Projects

This study explores how aspects of the community environment might facilitate the stress-and-coping process – specifically, the protective effects of social integration and high quality neighborhoods on psychological well-being. Previous research suggests that low levels of financial stress, lower neighborhood stress, and social integration are each associated with greater levels of well-being; few studies, however, investigate these contextual variables in conjunction with one another. Data from the Notre Dame Study of Health and Well-Being were used to investigate whether (1) neighborhood stress moderates the relationship between financial stress and psychological well-being and (2) social integration mediates the relationship between neighborhood …

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Examining The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Stimulus Processing, Peter J. Rosen Jan 2010

Examining The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Stimulus Processing, Peter J. Rosen

Honors Projects

Stimulus processing is an essential cognitive process that plays a vital role in our decision making and task execution. Since stimulus processing has been shown to be an important factor in task performance and cognitive well-being, it is necessary to explore the relationship it has with other psychological variables related to performance, as well as assess ways in which stimulus processing may be enhanced. The authors hypothesized that self-efficacy (SE) may improve performance by enhancing stimulus processing during task completion. To test this hypothesis, we examined the relationships between SE, behavioral measures of task performance, and neural indices of stimulus …

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Diversity And Its Discontents: Ambivalence In Neighborhood Policy And Racial Attitudes In The Obama Era, Meghan Burke Jan 2010

Diversity And Its Discontents: Ambivalence In Neighborhood Policy And Racial Attitudes In The Obama Era, Meghan Burke

Scholarship

This article examines the ways that members of three adjoining stably racially diverse urban communities conceptualize and engage diversity, and the ways in which their discourse and actions are cohesive with federal policies. Making use of interviews with 41 active residents in these communities, I argue that even in liberal, pro-Obama, racially diverse communities, a considerable amount of ambivalence exists in both thought and action connected to diversity, an ambivalence which is cohesive with Obama’s own federal policies that impact neighborhoods like these. The community members define diversity broadly beyond race, are ambivalent about its presence in their community, and …

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Digital Commons @ Iwu Report, 2007-2009, Stephanie Davis-Kahl Jan 2010

Digital Commons @ Iwu Report, 2007-2009, Stephanie Davis-Kahl

Administrative Reports

No abstract provided.

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Women’S Health Guides [Review Article], Meg Miner Jan 2010

Women’S Health Guides [Review Article], Meg Miner

Scholarly Publications

The fight for equal rights for women may be over a hundred years old, but in medical research, women have only been treated equally since the 1990s. That is also the time that evidence-based women’s health handbooks started to appear. Up to that point, most studies only included recommendations for women that had been deduced from analyses of men’s responses to clinical trials.This article reviews four new publications on women’s health: two that were written for health professionals and two for consumers.

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Fp-10-06 First Divorces In The U.S., 2008, Krista K. Payne Jan 2010

Fp-10-06 First Divorces In The U.S., 2008, Krista K. Payne

National Center for Family and Marriage Research Family Profiles

No abstract provided.

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A Step-By-Step Guide To Strengthening Sexual Violence Services In Public Health Facilities: Lessons And Tools From Sexual Violence Services In Africa, Jill Keesbury, Jill Thompson Jan 2010

A Step-By-Step Guide To Strengthening Sexual Violence Services In Public Health Facilities: Lessons And Tools From Sexual Violence Services In Africa, Jill Keesbury, Jill Thompson

Reproductive Health

Sexual violence (SV) is a serious health and human rights problem across Africa that disproportionately affects women and girls. Survivors require comprehensive and sensitive care to mitigate the negative health consequences of SV, minimize psychological trauma, and promote long-term reintegration and recovery. Despite high levels of sexual violence and a growing recognition of the need to improve the management of rape and sexual assault, many public health facilities in Africa do not currently have capacity to provide comprehensive, patient-centered SV care to adult and child survivors. Public facilities face numerous challenges including lack of specialized SV training, general understaffing and …

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Crisis Informatics: Introduction, Christine Hagar Jan 2010

Crisis Informatics: Introduction, Christine Hagar

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Technology And Religion: Remaining Human In A Co-Created World (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays Jan 2010

Technology And Religion: Remaining Human In A Co-Created World (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays

Faculty Publications - Psychology Department

Reviews the book, "Technology and religion: Remaining human in a co-created world" by Noreen Herzfeld (see record 2009-04118-000). In this book, the author urges laypersons and professionals to consider the complexities of moral decision making about technology. Herzfeld explores how Christian, Jewish, and Islamic thinkers evaluate three categories of new technologies: “technologies of the human body, technologies of the human mind, and technologies of the external environment” (p. viii). This text is part of the Templeton Science and Religion series, which addresses the intersection between science and religion. While all books in this series are authored by specialists in the …

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Steps For Prioritizing Academic Advising: A Small-School Case Study, Chris Koch, Kristina M. Kays Jan 2010

Steps For Prioritizing Academic Advising: A Small-School Case Study, Chris Koch, Kristina M. Kays

Faculty Publications - Psychology Department

This paper presents a case study of the steps taken to prioritize academic advising at a small, four-year, liberal arts university. Assessment data from several sources and an advising task force shaped the plan for changing the importance and culture of academic advising within the institution.

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Securities Intermediaries And The Separation Of Ownership From Control, Jill E. Fisch Jan 2010

Securities Intermediaries And The Separation Of Ownership From Control, Jill E. Fisch

Seattle University Law Review

The Modern Corporation & Private Property is a paradigm-shifting analysis of the modern corporation. The book is perhaps best known for the insights of Berle and Means about the separation of ownership from control and the consequences of that separation for the allocation of power within the corporation. The Berle and Means story focuses on the shareholder as the owner of the corporation. Berle and Means saw the mechanism of centralized management—in which the shareholder retains the economic interest but not the control rights associated with ownership—as threatening the conception of shareholder interests in terms of property rights. In particular, …

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The Modern Corporation As Social Construction, Mark S. Mizruchi, Daniel Hirschman Jan 2010

The Modern Corporation As Social Construction, Mark S. Mizruchi, Daniel Hirschman

Seattle University Law Review

Classic works, Mark Mizruchi and Lisa Fein argued, share a particular fate. Authors often cite classic works without reading them—or without reading them carefully. . . . Yet perhaps no single work fits the above description better than one of the most important books on the large corporation ever published: Adolf Berle and Gardiner Means’s The Modern Corporation and Private Property. One can speculate that few works in the social sciences have been as often cited and as little read. As a consequence, we would expect The Modern Corporation to be a good candidate for either selective interpretation or …

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Editorial Introduction, Ivan Gaetz Jan 2010

Editorial Introduction, Ivan Gaetz

Collaborative Librarianship

Having completed this past fall our first year of publication, Collaborative Librarianship looks forward to another good year of promoting, critiquing, and expanding library collaboration across all kinds of boundaries spanning all types of libraries.

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Guest Editorial: Partnerships And Collaborations In Tough Times, Joan Frye Williams, George Needham Jan 2010

Guest Editorial: Partnerships And Collaborations In Tough Times, Joan Frye Williams, George Needham

Collaborative Librarianship

We don’t need to tell anyone that these are tough times for libraries and library workers. And sometimes it feels natural to just try to hunker down and wait it out, like we might cocoon through a blizzard.

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Evolving In Collaboration: Electronic Thesis And Dissertation Workflows In North Carolina, Mary G. Early, Anne Marie Taber Jan 2010

Evolving In Collaboration: Electronic Thesis And Dissertation Workflows In North Carolina, Mary G. Early, Anne Marie Taber

Collaborative Librarianship

Thirty-seven colleges and universities in North Carolina offer advanced degrees, and most require a thesis or dissertation. The websites of thirteen (35%) indicate they accept or require electronic submission of dissertations and/or theses (ETD). How do these institutions handle the interdepartmental communication and collaboration needs of ETD programs? To begin answering this question, this study examines current practices among ETD administrators in North Carolina and in current national literature, paying special attention to communication, collaboration, workflows, and divisions of labor. The literature review surveys current (since 2003) library and higher education articles on topics related to collaboration, workflows, and divisions …

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Library Collaboration And The Changing Environment: An Interview With Rick Lugg, R2 Consulting, Rick Lugg, J. Cory Tucker, Chris Sugnet Jan 2010

Library Collaboration And The Changing Environment: An Interview With Rick Lugg, R2 Consulting, Rick Lugg, J. Cory Tucker, Chris Sugnet

Collaborative Librarianship

An interview with Rick Lugg of R2 Consulting.

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