Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

A Content Analysis Of Stereotyping Of The American Indian In Selected Mass Media, Michael Pratt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was conducted to see to what extent, if any, the American Indian was stereotyped. In three magazines, two aimed at the young reader and one for a specialized adult audience, two areas of the publications were content analyzed. First, all of the cartoons that dealt specifically with American Indians were surveyed and categorized. Next, all magazine articles about American Indians were collected, read thoroughly and placed into categories. The magazines were the "Boy's Life," "Jack and Jill", and the "Western Horseman".

To gather data on media presentations of Indians eight categories were used, they were: (1) Personal appearance, …

The Development Of Empathy, Role-Taking And Listening As A Function Of Preschool Experience, Joseph P. Demarsh

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The major purpose of this investigation was to assess the potential effects of preschool education on indices of social competency. In specific, it was proposed that preschool education effects would be observed on measures of empathy, role-taking and listening.

A Solomon Four Group Design was employed to accomplish this task, using exposure of preschoolers to the Utah State University Child Development Laboratories for one quarter as the experimental treatment condition. While the typical Solomon design uses only one pretest-posttest experimental group, two groups were identified in this investigation since children were drawn from two preschool labs taught by different head …

Children's Perceptions Of Parental Responses To Boys' And Girls' Aggressive Behavior, K. B. Rohrbach

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in children's perceptions of mothers' and fathers' to aggressing girls and boys. A picture test of children aggressing was devised and administered to 52 fourth grade children from upper middle socioeconomic backgrounds attending school in an Idaho community.

Sex of aggressor, type of aggression (verbal or physical), and sex of parent were investigated as factors possibly related to children's perceptions. None of these variables were found to be significant in this sample. However, boys' perceptions of how parents respond to children aggressing were significantly different from girls' perceptions. Girls perceived parents …

Economic Implications Of Phenologically Timed Irrigation In Corn Production, Dawuda Tsalhatu Gowon

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Corn production data was fitted into a Translog production function. Analysis of the resultant equation was based on what impact irrigation keyed to the crop's phenology would have on yield. A crop product cost function was developed to determine if there is profit (loss) in adapting water application to corn by phenological time period. Reasons for not adapting phenology as a key variable in irrigation include institutional constraints. Without modifying these institutional constrains, adopting the proposed technology may prove prohibitive.

The Problems Of Generating Sufficient Revenue In A Rapidly Growing Small Community, Jeffery L. Memmott

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of rapid growth on the various revenue and expenditure categories at the local level. A model is presented to project local revenues and expenditures based upon projected per capita income, population, and average daily attendance. The model is based upon previous models from a review of the literature with modification and additions by the author. Revenues and expenditures are estimated simultaneously reflecting the budgetary process at the local level.

Coefficients in the model are estimated using sample data from Duchesne and Uintah counties. These coefficients are then used to project …

Leisure Orientation And Outdoor Recreation Participation Of Selected Occupational Groups In Utah, S. Craig Campbell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was concerned with the investigation of both the leisure orientation and the outdoor recreation participation of two samples of Utah residents. One sample consisted in part of Professional, Manager and Laborer nonfarm respondents. The other sample consisted of farm respondents, who were both full and part-time farmers. The part-time farmers also held other full-time Professional, Manager and Laborer occupations. The author had three major objectives in this study: (1) to examine the leisure orientation of the respondents from an occupational perspective; (2) to examine the participation in outdoor recreation activities from an occupational perspective; and (3) to examine …

The Formation Of Desired And Ideal Family Size Among Utah High School Senior Females And Males, 1974, Linda Rose Hagen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study is to measure the direct and indirect relationships between socio-economic and demographic variables and ideal and desired family size preferences among male and female high school seniors in Utah in 1974. Furthermore, the analysis will be carried out separately for males and females in order to see if male and female ideal and desired family size preferences are influenced differently by the socio-economic and demographic variables. A model will be developed and tested of the process by which ideal and desired family size preferences are formulated.

The model used in the analysis is based upon …

Parent-Child Affinity As Perceived By Basque Adolescence, Catherine K. Coombs-Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to assess parental preference as perceived by Basque adolescents. A questionnaire was administered to adolescents during the summer months of 1977 in Boise, Idaho and Salt Lake City, Utah. The questionnaire included the Parent- Affinity Perception Scale (Miller, 1972) with a Likert-type scale showing how much the adolescent preferred mother or father and a cover sheet to determine the degree of "Basqueness" of the subjects. The sample included 27 males and 37 females.

The findings indicate a strong preference for "mother" over "father" by both males and females at all ages. Basque adolescent males". …

Factors Affecting The Amount Of Leisure Time Of Utah Adults, Sherry Ann Swapp

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The amount of leisure time available to Utah adults and its relationship to the factors of sex, employment, age of children, place of residence, income, and education was investigated. A time diary was kept for two days recording the time use allocation of each respondent. Data were gathered from May 1977 to August 1978. The sample consisted of 210 men and 210 warner from Iron, Washington, and Salt Lake counties in Utah.

The adults reported an average of 4.6 hours of leisure time per day. Employment and educational level were related to the amount of leisure time reported by women. …

The Salience Of Parent Education For Adolescents: Gender And Gratification Orientations, Katrina H. Miller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to test the relevance of parent education for high school students in terms of interest, concerns, expectations and experiences of the adolescents regarding children. The ability to delay gratification and gender served as independent variables. Weaver's (1977) "Adolescent Interest Survey" was administered to 179 high school students enrolled in three different programs in semi-rural northern Utah. These programs were objectively classified to represent two levels of ability to defer gratification. Regular high school stud ents, male (N=51) and female (N=52) were treated as "deferrers of gratification". Potential dropout students, Males (N=26) and females (N=23) …

Tradition And Household Tasks, Jennifer Hogge Miller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate how Utah husbands and wives thought household tasks should be allocated and how they actually were allocated in their own homes. The sample was 191 two-parent, two-child families residing in Iron, Washington, and Salt Lake Counties. Urban/rural residence, wife's employment status, educational level of both the husband and wife, family income, religious activity, and the husband's occupation were studied in relation to household task allocation.

Eight hypotheses were tested. Husband's religious activity and wife's employment status were found to be related to a traditional pattern of household task allocation. There was a …

Family Meal Patterns In Utah, Brenda Taylor Peterson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was conducted as part of an 11-state study on family time use coordinated by Cornell University. The particular emphasis of this research was family meal patterns. The independent variables were (1) homemaker's education, (2) homemaker's employment, (3) income of the family, and (4) place of residence of the family. These were analyzed in relation to the amount of time (1) spent in meal preparation, (2) the number of meals the family ate together, and (3) where the family ate their meals. The literature indicated that in the past the homemaker has done most of the meal preparation. It …

Contributions To Household Work By Children In Two-Parent/Two-Child Families In Utah, Lundie Lee Osborne

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate children's contributions to household work and to determine what factors affected the amount of time children spent in household work activities. Data for the study came from the Utah portion of the "Interstate Comparison of Urban/Rural Families' Time Use" which involved 210 two-parent/two-child families in Utah. Data were collected through interviews with the homemakers in each family using time diaries and an information questionnaire.Time use was recorded for two 24 hour days for all family members over the age of five . For the present study an analysis was made of the …

Effects Of Perceived Child Rearing Practices On Moral Character, Melody T. Beutler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between perceived child rearing practices and the moral character or pro-social behavior of students in their late teens and early twenties.

A questionnaire was administered to forty-eight students to test their moral character which was the dependent variable on the following traits: ambitious, broadminded, capable, cheerful, clean, courageous, forgiving, helpful, honest, imaginative, independent, intellectual, logical, loving, obedient, polite, responsible and self-controlled. The child rearing practices used by the mothers and fathers were also tested as the independent predictor variables according to the following terms: autonomy, coercion, companionship, guilt, inconsistency, love …

The Temporal Distribution Of Short-Duration Keypecks In Variable-Interval Schedules Of Reinforcement, Joseph G. Williams

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An experiment was conducted in order to determine the duration of pigeons' keypecks during three separate variable-interval schedules of reinforcement. Pigeons were exposed to variable interval (VI) 30 sec, VI 60 sec and VI 120 sec schedules of reinforcement for twenty sessions each. Response durations were analyzed in terms of VI schedule, location in time during the inter-reinforcement interval and any pattern of short and long duration pecks. Mean duration of response was reliably different for three out of four birds for VI 30 sec and VI 120 sec schedules of reinforcement. The VI 30 sec schedules produced longer durations. …

The Use Of Self-Control Procedures With Pre~Adolescents Classified As Educable Mentally Retarded, Lizabeth A. Mcgill

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effectiveness of self-recording and self-reinforcement procedures implemented in the classroom setting with six pre-adolescent children classified as Educable Mentally Retarded was determined relative to changes in on-task behavior. A multiple baseline design was used and each subject was exposed to both a self-recording procedure and a self-reinforcement procedure. After an initial baseline period, three subjects were exposed to self-recording first, and three subjects went through self-reinforcement first. Contingent reinforcement was not provided for accuracy in either self-recording or self-reinforcement patterns. Observations were conducted to investigate generalization effects of each procedure, and two weeks of follow-up observations were conducted to …

Influence Of Clinicians' And Clients' Religion On Diagnosis Of Mental Illness, Robert Dombey Wadsworth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Theorists propose that because psychodiagnosis is not a completely objective procedure, it is influenced by sociocultural values. It was hypothesized that religion might be one aspect of sociocultural values which influences psychodiagnosis. The present study sought to determine, by using a clinical analogue design, whether psychologists' formal diagnoses of clients are biased by their present religious affiliations and activity levels, their religious upbringing (assessed by their fathers' and mothers' religious affiliations and activity levels), the clients' religious affiliations and activity levels, or interactions between psychologist and client religious variables. Questionnaires were sent to 228 psychologists licensed to practice in Utah, …

The Impact Of Television On Mother-Child Interaction And Play, Eva L. Essa

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Television is a pervasive influence in today's family life. The number of hours family members, particularly young children, spend watching TV must replace some other functions in the viewer's lives. Since one of the primary tasks of families with young children is the socialization of their youngsters, one might assume that TV interferes to some extent with this process. Among aspects of the socialization process are the need for the child to observe and interact frequently with role models, to obtain ample feedback on the appropriateness of his behavior, and to have many opportunities to test out what he has …

A Validity Study: Relationship Between The Self Inventory Scale, The California Psychological Inventory, And The Adjective Check List, David Newbold

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The specific objective of this research was to begin assessment of construct validity of the Self Inventory Scale.

Subjects were 100 Utah State University students, living in university dormitories, chosen at random.

Subjects were administered the Self Inventory Scale and the California Psychological Inventory. Subjects submitted names of peers, one of whom was asked to complete an Adjective Check List describing the subject.

CPI subscale scores were correlated with Self Inventory Scale subscale scores, to determine the relationship between underlying constructs. Sixty-four of the 126 correlations computed were significant at the .01 significance level. Similarity of construct and configurational analysis …

Bait Shyness And Neophobia In Several Species Of Osteichthyes: An Extension Of Taste Aversion Studies To The Superclass Pices, Brent W. Roberts

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three experiments were conducted with five species of tropical fish to investigate the phenomena of taste aversion and food neophobia. In addition, an experiment determined specifically if position in the tank could acquire conditioned aversive properties.

In Experiment 1 , four habituated fish were fed novel meat-flavored pellets on the treatment day. Six were made ill within 30, 60, or 90 minutes (2 subjects each) by intragastric administration of syrup or Epicac. The following day all were fed familiar commercial pellets. On the second day after treatment, all were offered the meat-flavored pellets. Results showed longer latencies, more tasting, and …

The Development Of A Video Tape Procedure To Train Awareness Of Behavioral Cues Of Anxiety, Brian Lee Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of the present investigation was two-fold: (1) to develop a training procedure which might be helpful in trying to teach beginning counselors how to recognize levels of anxiety by observing silent, nonverbal behavior of clients in association with EMG feedback, and (2) to assess the effectiveness of this procedure by using it to train a group of graduate psychology students. Graduate trainees exposed to the training procedure were compared with a control group of students to determine whether the training procedure effectively taught the skill.

Using the split image capabilities of a videotape recorder, video tapes were made …

Nonresident Enrollment Demand At Utah State University, William G. Workman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The determination of the level of student registration fees at colleges and universities in many cases appears to be made without adequate consideration given to probable enrollment responses and to the associated implications for tuition revenues. This study was aimed at reducing this information gap at Utah State University and focused specifically on past sensitivities of students from neighboring western states to changes in the nonresident charges at USU. The analytical framework employed in this investigation specified a causal link between the proportion of the college-attending populations from these states choosing to enroll at USU and comparative tuition levels.

The …

Husbands' And Wives' Perceptions Of Their In-Law Parents, Carlos F. Watkins

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The critical lack of research in the area of in-law relationships leaves interested persons wondering about the nature of such relationships.

The purpose of this study was to ascertain how the independent variables of sex, number of children, education and age of the sons or daughters-in-law effected the relationship with the mothers and fathers-in-law. The four directional hypotheses tested were: (1) as the age of the son or daughter-in-law increases, the chances for a more positive relationship with mothers and fathers-in-law and their sons and daughters, increases significantly; (2) females feel significantly closer to their parents-in-law than males; (3) as …

Problems And Dissatisfactions Encountered By Families In An Indian Housing Project, Al Jean Snow

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The problems and dissatisfactions experienced by thirty Ute Indian families as they relocated into new federally subsided homes were studied. A researcher administered interview guid was developed which produced data that could be analyzed using descriptive statistics. Four recommendations to improve the relocation process in future housing projects were framed.

Identity, Intimacy And Sex Differences, Mary Ann Kacerguis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ego identity and intimacy statuses were determined for 88 college students, 44 men, and 44 women, and related to each other and to measures of intimacy-isolation, loving and liking, Sex differences were also investigated. Identity achievement subjects were more likely to be engaged in intimate relationships. Students having foreclosure. moratorium. and diffusion identities were variable in their intimacy statuses. A stronger association exists between intimacy and loving than intimacy and liking. While no significant sex differences were found on the overall ego identity and intimacy comparisons, sub scale differences were noted. The evidence suggests identity achievement status is predictive of …

Dyadic Approach And Withdrawal Sequences Of Preschool Children When Interacting With An Adult Male, Paul M. Crane

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Thirty-eight preschool children (20 male and 18 females) w ere filmed in a seated dyadic interaction with an adult experimenter. Frame- by-frame film analysis was done for head and arms of subjects and head, arms, and legs of experimenter for experimenter and subjects approach and withdrawal movements. Chi- square analysis were performed for the data both between and within zones with the following cells: approach-approach (A-A), experimenter and subject approach each other; approach-withdrawal (A-W), experimenter approaches and subject withdraws; withdrawal-approach (W -A), experimenter withdraws and subject approaches; withdrawal-withdrawal (W - W), both subject and experimenter withdraw.

The most frequent and …

A Study Of Organizational Change In The Bear River Valley Cooperative Association 1947-1977, Rahardjo

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Bear River Valley Co-op Association was described in terms of certain changes that have occurred in its history, and analysis was made of how these changes relate to changes in the degree of local control by officers and members of the organization.

The method used in this study was content analysis of records of the organization. The main sources of data were: The Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws of the organization for 1947 and 1964, and the minutes of meetings from 1968 to 1977.

The study shows that the Bear River Valley Co-op Association today, as compared to the …

An Analysis Of The Effects Of The Impacts Of Oil Shale Development On The Economy Of The Uintah Basin, David Zachary Kaufman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The development of oil shale resources will have a significant impact on the Uintah Basin in Utah. To analyze this impact, this study used a regionalized imput-output model. The input-output table for the State of Utah was revised to fit the Uintah Basin, using the RAS technique.

The scarcity of water in the Basin may cause a shift of water use from irrigated agriculture to oil shale. This reduction in agricultural production was estimated, using demand curves for water in agriculture and an intergen programming model which generated minimum water requirements for shale developments from 25,000 barrels per day to …

Park Visitor Responses To Natural Hazards, Lee H. Rentz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Natural hazards have been an increasing problem in wildland recreation areas. This study attempted to identify factors affecting park visitor perception of and preparedness for hazards.

A model was formulated incorporating three major independent variables which might affect park visitor responses to hazards. These were: (1) previous experience, (2) information about hazards provided by the park administration (such as warnings located on signs or in brochures), and (3) visitor perception of whether responsibility for hazards rests with the individual or with an outside authority such as government or God. Trip length and knowledge of hazards were also thought to be …

Linguistic Surface Structure In Family Interaction, Thomas D. Macroy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this dissertation was to determine the usefulness of the linguistic processes of Distortion, Deletion, Generalization, and Semantic Ill-Formedness as constructs which differentiate the verbal communication of families who express dissatisfaction with their current intrafamilial relationships from families expressing satisfaction with their current relationships. Specifically, it was hypothesized that dissatisfied families would use these linguistic structures to a greater extent in their interaction than would satisfied families.

Thirty-one family triads (father, mother, and child) were obtained by asking families randomly selected from the local high school student directory to participate. The families were given a Revealed Differences questionnaire …