Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Pubertal Development, Parent-Teen Communication, And Sexual Values As Predictors Of Adolescent Sexual Intentions And Sexually Related Behaviors, Cynthia R. Christopherson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Adolescent sexual intercourse can be viewed as a normal developmental experience, but intercourse also is linked to unplanned pregnancies, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Consequently, there continues to be a high level of scientific interest in understanding antecedents of adolescent sexual behavior, especially early and more risky sexual intercourse. This study examined several key antecedents of adolescent sexual intentions and behavior, including pubertal development (pubertal status, change over time, and pubertal timing), parent/teen communication, and teen sexual values. Analyses were based on longitudinal data collected in 1991, 1992, and 1993 from parents and teens during …

A Replication And Validation Study Of Methods For Calculating Self-Conception Disparity, George F. Loesch Iii

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Self-esteem has been defined by James as a ratio of one's successes to one's pretensions. There are two formulas which have been utilized to calculate self-conception disparity. These formulas are the subtraction-absolute value formula and the ratio formula, which was derived from James. Stuart compared and contrasted these two formulas utilized to calculate self-conception disparity. The purpose of this study was to replicate the work of Stuart, utilizing the same construct scales and statistical methodology, adding to the Moos Family Environment Scale, and taking into account the age and gender of the respondent. The results of this study indicate, as …

Developmental Stages Of Preschool Educators: A Study Of Junior College Students In Taiwan, Hsin-Hui Lin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present study applies early field experience theory and developmental stages theory as the basis of teacher training in a junior college program in Taiwan. Two hundred sixty-six junior college students from two junior colleges were surveyed in order to ascertain what factors had an effect on the concept of teaching concerns. Comparisons were made among the following: with/ without preschool education background in senior high school, grade, school, age, fathers' educational levels, mothers' educational levels, and fathers' yearly income. The results indicate that early field experiences had a direct effect on teaching concerns. The students' year of study (freshmen …

Preschool Children's Perceptions Of Their Parents: A Comparison Of Children From Married And Divorced Homes, Sondra Moe

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Young children's perceptions of their parents have been shown to affect responses to parents, and to be relevant in personality development and self-esteem. Typically, research examining children's perceptions of their parents focused on children from intact families. Yet, with the frequent occurrence of divorce in our society, and the trauma and lifestyle changes often associated with marital dissolution, it is possible that children's perceptions of their parents may also change.

This study compared two groups of preschool children's perceptions of their parents. Forty - two children (23 males, 19 females) came from two parent, first marriage families. Thirty-two children (16 …

A Comparison Of Models To Forecast Annual Average Potato Prices In Utah, Glade R. Erikson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Potatoes are a capital-intensive crop. A farmer who is considering expanding his potato acreage must carefully consider revenue requirements to offset the high costs of raising the crop. A method to forecast annual farm potato prices would be useful not only to the farmer, who is considering potato acreage expansion (or contraction), but also to the potato buyers.

Seven forecasting models were considered: (1) a simultaneous equation model (with five equations); (2) a Box-Jenkins type ARIMA model; (3) an exponential smoothing model; (4) a moving-average model; (5) a trend model; (6) an "opposite" model; and (7) a current, or naive, …

Can Duration -- Interest Rate Risk -- And Convexity Explain The Fractional Price Change And Market Risk Of Equities?, David L. Cheney

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the last two decades, duration analysis has been largely applied to fixed-income securities. However, since rising and falling interest rates have been determined to be a major cause of stock price movements, equity duration has received a great deal of attention.

The duration of an equity is a measure of its interest rate risk. Duration is the sensitivity of the price of an equity with respect to the interest rate. Convexity is the sensitivity of duration with respect to the interest rate.

The analysis revealed that the fractional price change and market risk of equities can be explained by …

Integration Of Short-Run Exchange Rate Dynamics With Long-Run Equilibrium: An Empirical Analysis, Sugata Biswas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study investigates the linkage between long-run and short-run dynamics of exchange rate determination for the German mark/U.S. dollar quarterly rate for the period 1973-1990. Earlier investigations failed to explicitly take into account the possible nonstationarity of the data set they were using. This study continues the work performed in this area by applying modern econometric techniques to empirical tests of the Dornbusch model. In essence, this study revives the monetary model and determines if the empirical analysis using the German/U.S. case derives elements which are compatible with the monetary theory of exchange rate determination.

The Sociology Of Plants, Julie L. Welch Stuehser

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The purpose of this research is to assess the link between plants, people, and performance. Several studies have suggested that plants in a social environment will change the behavior of the people in their vicinity (Relf, 1990, 1992; Bryant, 1992).

Symposium—In The Media, A Woman’S Place, Ted Pease

Journalism and Communication Faculty Publications

FOR WOMEN AND THE MEDIA, 1992 was a year of sometimes painful change-the aftermath of the Anita HillClarence Thomas hearings; the public spectacle of a vice president's squabble with a fictional TV character; Hillary Rodham Clinton's attempt to redefine the role of the political wife; election of women to Congress and to state offices in unprecedented numbers.

Decade Of Denial: Teens And Aids In America, U.S. House Select Committee On Children, Youth And Families

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Based on hearings, current research, and interviews with experts, including researchers, medical and service providers, AIDS educators, and youth who have been touched by the epidemic, this Select Committee report assesses the impact of the HIV epidemic on youth and identifies strategies policymakers and program planners might consider

The Media And Women Without Apology, Everette E. Dennis, Ted Pease

Journalism and Communication Faculty Publications

WHETHER IT IS a rejuvenated sense of urgency or simply the last straw of impatience in the latest "year of the woman," something new is in the air when people talk about women and the media. Conversations with people who care about mass communication, the larger society and how women are portrayed in or employed by print and electronic media have taken on a new, sharper tone in recent years, especially in 1992.

Who’S Covering What In The Year Of The Women?, Ted Pease

Journalism and Communication Faculty Publications

Top NEWS IN 1992-government and political news. Least prominent: agriculture and transportation. In a presidential election year, that's not too surprising. But who wrote what? Examination of a sample of front pages of 10 newspapers circulating to almost 8 million Americans every day from January through December offers some insights into news content and story assignments in the Year of the Woman.

Social Assessment Of The Options, Steven E. Daniels

Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Tournament-Style Debate As A Natural Resources Education Technique, Matthew S. Carroll, F. J. Alt, A. M. Brandenburg, W. Schlosser, Steven E. Daniels

Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology Faculty Publications

Curricula in the natural resource professions are placing increased emphasis on course work dealing with the larger philosophical and value-related questions surrounding resource management. This development presents a challenge to instructors, particularly in terms of encouraging active student involvement in such courses. The use of tournament debate format provides one useful means for fostering such involvement while also aiding in the development of oral communication skills. The authors' experience with the use of debate suggests that certain modifications to traditional debate format aid in its successful classroom use.

Bow Use In The Great Basin, Andrew Ugan

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The bow and arrow is a tool with a very long history. In the Old World its use dates back to paleolithic times, with firm evidence in the form of arrow shafts dated to the early ninth millennium b.c. (McEwen, Miller, & Bergman, 1991). More tenuous evidence from projectile points in Africa may push that back as far as 11000 b.c. (Blitz, 1988). The focus of this paper, however, will be the adoption and subsequent use of the bow in the Great Basin region of the West.

The Fairness Factor, Everette E. Dennis, Ted Pease

Journalism and Communication Faculty Publications

As THE FIRST POST-COLD WAR ADMINISTRATION takes office in Washington, there is general agreement that the media will play a significant role in its success or failure. Whether Americans wish President Clinton well or ill, they will all agree on at least one thing: that the media ought to be fair in reporting his efforts.

Utah Families- The Issues They Face, Ted W. Warstadt, Larry Forthun

All Archived Publications

With the wide variety of difficulties that our society faces and the limited funding available to address these concerns, it is important to identify and prioritize critical family issues. Because the family is a major contributor to individual and societal development, it is important to focus attention on issues which have a direct impact on family functioning. In identifying issues it is also helpful to understand demographic and geographic influences which may contribute to an individual's perceived urgency of a given issue. This can assist policy makers in their efforts to appropriately allocate limited funds to the best suited and …

Publishing Books, Ted Pease

Journalism and Communication Faculty Publications

WISE COMMENTATORS have long evaluated books and bookmaking. "Man builds no structure which outlives a book," wrote Eugene Fitch Ware in The Book, and Justin M'Carthy's A Ballade of Book-Making declared, "The critics challenge and defend ... of making books there is no end." Others have written loving odes to the book. Garrison Keillor, for instance: The book is a "great and ancient invention," he marveled, "slow to hatch, as durable as a turtle, light and shapely as befits a descendant of the tree .... A handsome, useful object begotten by the passion for truth ... [books] contain our common …

Current Child Care Strategies Of Twenty-Five States And Summary Recommendations For Future Child Care Services In Utah Based On Recommendations From The Governor's Task Force On Child Care, Cheryl Elliot-Robinson

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Social and employment changes have occurred in the United States over the past twenty years that have had a drastic impact on the "traditional" American family. Americans now live in an era of inflation and economic change in which a second family income is often a necessity just to maintain.an adequate standard of living. Mothers' are no longer waiting until their youngest child enters elementary school to enter or re-enter the labor force. By 1985, 57% of mothers' of children under the age of six were in the labor force, whereas in 1950, only 12% were employed (Department of Labor, …

Transition For Early Intervention Programs Under Part H Of The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act P. L. 101-476, Kozette Tanner

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The Education of the Handicapped Act Amendment of 1968 (Public Law 99-457) has been cited as one of the major factors in national policy for educating young children with disabilities nationwide. It offers eligible families and children the right that, through program implementation, dissemination, research, model demonstrations, teacher training, and technical assistance, all will obtain free and appropriate special education services (Mack, 1988). Public influence on the educational system has come from parents with handicapped children and advocacy groups who have an invested interest in this population. However, only in the past three decades has the federal government exerted any …

Interactions In Sibling Dyads With One Preschool-Aged Child With A Disability, Carl R. Summers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A number of previous researchers have concluded a higher incidence of behavioral and psychological problems exists among children who are siblings of children with disabilities than among children whose siblings have no disabilities. There is some evidence in previous research that the incidence of behavioral and psychological problems may be attributable to differences in sib ling interaction patterns; specifically, frequency of interaction, imitation, agonism, dominance, and prosocial behavior. In this study, observational techniques were used to determine imitation, agonism, dominance, and prosocial behavior for two groups of children: 1) those whose siblings were disabled, and 2) those whose siblings had …

Presentation Of A Standard Intervention During The Intake Interview, Gregory Burns

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The provision of psychotherapeutic services has undergone many changes in its history. Recently the field of therapy has seen an increased emphasis on providing services in briefer periods of time, which has resulted in greater investigation into the parameters that influence rapid therapeutic growth by clients. Despite this push for quick results, many service agencies continue to utilize initial intake interviews that focus exclusively on gathering diagnostic and demographic information. Therapeutic intervention is therefore reserved for some later time when the clients can be accommodated from the agency's waiting list. The present study investigated the influence of a standard intervention …

The Influence Of Social Support On The Stress Level Of Parents With Disabled Children, Shannon J. Pratt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study investigated the relationship between social support and stress in 572 families of disabled children in various parts of the United States. To utilize multidimensional models such as Dunst's ecological model and the Double ABCX model of stress, additional variables were investigated; these included family characteristics and recent life events (FILE). A regression design was used, with family characteristics, recent life events (FILE), perceived helpfulness of social support (FSS), and perceived adequacy of resources (FRS) as independent variables, and parental stress (PSI) as the dependent variable (PSI). Helpfulness of social support, recent life events, and family characteristics all predicted …

The Role Of Prior Knowledge And Elaboration In Text Comprehension And Memory: A Comparison Of Self-Generated Elaboration Versus Text-Provided Elaboration, Sung-Il Kim

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A series of six experiments investigated the effect of text-provided elaborations and prior knowledge on memory for text. In all experiments, subjects read 28 episodes, half of which were associated with well-known individuals, and the other half were associated with unknown individuals. In Experiment 1, text-provided elaborations enhanced recall only when the reader did not possess a high level of prior knowledge. The findings from Experiment 1 were hypothesized to be the result of readers generating relevant elaborations during text comprehension. Experiment 2 supported this hypothesis by providing evidence of self-generated elaborations. Experiment 3 provided evidence that this generation process …

Cognitive Variables And Marital Satisfaction, Carol Green

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Researchers and therapists have given increasing attention and recognition to the cognitive components of marital distress. Numerous investigators have attempted to identify and operationalize key cognitive variables that are related to marital satisfaction. In doing so, researchers have looked at the differences between distressed and nondistressed couples in relation to certain categories of cognitive variables, hoping to demonstrate that a significant relationship exists between certain types of cognition and marital satisfaction. Although investigators agree that certain categories of cognition are directly related to marital satisfaction, there is no clear consensus on the degree of influence that these cognitive variables have …

The Relationship Between Students' Evaluation Of Faculty And Students' Grades, Eun-Hee Shin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study examined (a) the relationship between the grade students expect to receive and their evaluation rating, (b) the relationship between students' prior cumulative GPA and their evaluation rating, and (c) to what extent do other variables account for the relationship between grade and evaluation rating.

The present study found a significant, consistent relationship between students' expected grades and their evaluation ratings of professor. The relationship between students' cumulative GPA and ratings is negligible and should not be considered an important score of bias. The implication of this study is that great caution should be exercised when using such ratings …

A Profile Of Child Care Services Offered At Land-Grant Institutions, Mary E. Bissonette

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

A survey was created and distributed to land-grant institutions to determine the availability and description of child care services at those institutions. Participants were 70 directors of child care centers or central administrators at land-grant institutions. Thirty-nine questions provided general demographic information, general information regarding child care programs at each institution, and specific information regarding administrative concerns and quality issues in child care (based on the components of quality from the National Academy of Early Childhood Programs, 1984) in both full- and half-day programs. The results yielded information that all of us in a university setting may find compelling. Most …

Parent-Adolescent Communication And Adolescents' Sexual Intentions, Julie A. Bullen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study investigated the quality and quantity of sexual communication between teens and parents in relation to the teens' sexual intentions. Perceptions about communication were examined of parents and adolescents of both genders separately. Both same- and cross-gender effects of parental communication on adolescent sexual intent ions were explored. Approximately 290 families (target teen and parent) were measured in pre- and posttests. Parents perceived higher quality communication with teens than teens did, but not necessarily more frequent sexual communication. As teens' perceptions of quality of communication with mother and father went up, teens' sexual intentions went down. The higher sons' …

Crisis Intervention: An Evaluation Of Services Provided To Families Of Sexually Abused Children In Davis County, Utah, Karen Louise Letts

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study assessed the extent to which victim families are or are not helped by the support services in Davis County, Utah. A sample of 29 mothers of sexually abused children indicated that existing intervention services were greatly underutilized and hard to locate. Seventeen of these mothers reported that they were either ignored by their caseworkers or, conversely, told not to get counseling until their case was adjudicated because of the investigator's belief that any exposure to therapy might erode the child's credibility as a witness. Only 48% of the families were informed of their Victim Rights as required by …

Affirmative Action And Utility Theory, Jennifer J. Clark

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Blacks have been discriminated against for many decades in the United States. In 1964, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was created to eliminate discrimination in hiring practices. Affirmative action plans were later implemented to create equity in places of employment. Both affirmative action and the EEOC were designed to create equality of the races and eliminate racial tension in the United States.