Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Politics And Education: The Nicaraguan Literacy Crusade, Teresa Squires Osborne

Dissertations and Theses

The Nicaraguan Literacy Crusade of 1980, carried out in the aftermath,of a long and destructive revolution, was able, in five months time, to decrease the nation's illiteracy rate from 50 percent to 13 percent. The newly fonned Nicaraguan government, recognizing the political nature of education, viewed its Literacy Crusade as a major step· in the development of a "new", post-revolutionary Nicaragua.

As a means of comparison, two other literacy campaigns are also examined: the Cuban campaign of 1961, and the UNESCO-sponsored Experimental World Literacy Programme, in place from 1965-1973.

The Cuban campaign served as a precursor to the Nicaraguan effort. …

Gis Address-Matching And Transportation Analysis, James D. Orrell

Dissertations and Theses

Geographic Information System (GIS) address-matching combined with other GIS processing offers new analytical opportunities in the area of transportation planning and analysis. Address-matching, an automated method for generating geographically-referenced (geocoded) point locations on a map from common tabular databases, can facilitate transportation analysis by providing a planning tool based on individual rather than aggregated spatial distributions more common to transportation issues.

This thesis presents a case study in which GIS address-matching was I applied to a transportation problem at Oregon Health Sciences University (OHSU) in Portland, Oregon. The transportation problem at OHSU is common to major employment centers in urban …

A Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of Two Competing Social Power Measurement Systems, Joseph E. Criqui

Dissertations and Theses

The main purpose of this study is to analyze a measurement instrument developed by Frost & Stahelski (1988) to measure French & Raven's (1959) bases of social power. The measurement instrument of a competing typology of social influence tactics (Kipnis, Schmidt, & Wilkinson, 1980) was also administered to the same managerial population (N=108). Confirmatory factor analyses using LISREL (Joreskog & Sorbom, 1986) were performed on each scale. Possible relationships between the two typologies were explored. Results include confirming a modified Frost & Stahelski scale and no confirmation of the Kipnis et al. scale. Canonical correlation yielded two dimensions where Coercive …

The Least Preferred Co-Worker Scale As A Predictor Of Leadership Behavior In Work Settings, Jenell Arlene Streeter

Dissertations and Theses

This study evaluates the construct validity of the Least Preferred Co-worker (LPC) Scale by testing the predictions made by the motivational hierarchy hypothesis. The respondents were one hundred fifty-nine supervisors and managers. The LPC determined leadership style as either relationship-oriented or task-oriented. Situational control was measured by the Leader-Member Relations scale, Task Structure scale, and Position Power scale. Consideration behavior, measured by the adapted LBDQ, reflected a need for interpersonal success. Initiation of structure behaviors, measured by the adapted LBDQ, reflected a need for task success. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) High LPC leaders in high control situations engage in …

Goal-Directed Imagining: The Effect Of Suggestions Of Warmth And Coolness On Blood Flow To The Hand, John Mark Dilworth

Dissertations and Theses

Recent research was reviewed which claimed to demonstrate that hypnotic suggestions could be used to control blood flow. Numerous methodological and conceptual problems in these studies were identified and a rigid experimental design with tighter controls was employed to investigate the claimed effects on blood flow. Subjects listened to either a standardized hypnotic induction or a passage of relaxing music. Both groups then listened to the Creative Imagination Scale (Wilson & Barber, 1978) (CIS) which ended with an added item containing suggestions of coolness. Localized skin temperature of the right hand was monitored throughout as an indication of blood flow. …

John Rawls, The Conception Of A Liberal Self, And The Communitarian Critique, Johnathan Edward Mansfield

Dissertations and Theses

John Rawls' A Theory of Justice stands as the single most important work in the Anglo-American liberal tradition after World War II. In A Theory of Justice, Rawls revives the social contract doctrine in order to determine principles of justice that would be chosen by persons who are free and equal moral individuals. Since Rawls believes that no single conception of the good can establish justice in a pluralistic society, he posits a set of principles of right which are prior to any particular good. Thus his theory, which he calls "justice as fairness," is deontological. Since its publication …

Columbia Villa Recycling Project: Final Report, Gerald F. Blake, Lynne Storz

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

In 1983, the Oregon legislature enacted the nation's first recycling bill. The bill called for a state-wide curbside recycling program in communities of 4,000 and over, aimed at reducing the volume of waste going to landfills and increasing participation in recycling. In the Portland area, the curbside recycling effort has focused primarily on single-family residences, while multifamily dwellings, including apartment buildings and condominiums, have received less attention. One of the most serious problems confronting Portland's recycling efforts is gaining the cooperation of apartment building owners, managers, and tenants to participate in source separation and recycling.

Portland also has an unacceptably …

An Evaluation Of Columbia Villa/Tamaracks Community Service Intervention Project, Gerald F. Blake, Martin L. Abbott, Debra Lynn Lindberg

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

The Community Service Intervention Program (CSlP) is a unique public agency response to a multifaceted set of problems confronting low income residents living in Oregon 's largest public housing project. The primary goals of the CSIP are to reduce crime, reduce the fear of crime among residents, and to improve the quality of life of the families living in Columbia Villa/Tamaracks.

The evaluation of the CSIP combined a number of different research methods, on different analytical levels, to provide a summary assessment. Data were collected from individuals, from agencies, and from police records in a post facto analysis of the …

Cross-Cultural Differences In Written Discourse Patterns : A Study Of Acceptability Of Japanese Expository Compositions In American Universities, Hiroko Kitano

Dissertations and Theses

Since Kaplan started the study of contrastive rhetoric, researchers have investigated Japanese and English compositions and have found some differences between them. However, few studies have investigated how these differences are perceived by native English readers when the different rhetorical patterns are transferred to English writing.

Drawing from Hinds' study, this research focuses on the following: how the Japanese style of writing is evaluated by Japanese and American readers, especially in academic situations, how Japanese rhetorical patterns are perceived by American readers, and how a change of organization affects the evaluation by American readers.

Immunology And Archaeology: Blood Residue Analysis Of Three Sites, Shirley Jo Barr Williams

Dissertations and Theses

Cross-over electrophoresis, an immunological method for analyzing blood residues on archaeological artifacts, is tested. Artifacts from three sites were utilized in the testing of this methodology. The sites are the Dietz site in south-central Oregon (282 artifacts), Konemehu in northern California (48 artifacts tested for Winthrop Associates), and Chimney Shelter in southwestern Oregon (3 artifacts from the Umpqua National Forest).

A brief description of each site and its known significance is included. Particular attention is paid to the background of the Clovis component of the Dietz site, due to its age (11,000 - 12,000 B.P.), and the fact that it …

Comparative Impact Of Selected Group Input Variables On Self-Assessments Of Group Process Skills In Interdisciplinary Health Care Teams: A Field Study, R. Michael Mitchell

Dissertations and Theses

During the past two decades interdisciplinary health care teams have come to be considered an integral component in the efficient delivery of health care. Interdisciplinary teams dealing with the increasingly complex problems of patients are now common in many health care settings. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the individual and collective impact of several group process inputs, common to interdisciplinary health care teams, on team members' appraisals of their own group process skills.

An Evaluation Of The Academic Success Of Students Who Participated In The English For Non-Native Residents Program At Portland State University, Linda Carol Andrews Dunn

Dissertations and Theses

Many programs exist across the United States to prepare non-native English speaking students for academic work. The effectiveness of these programs has been the subject of various research projects, with mixed results. Some have found that the programs they have examined seem to have led to higher achievement among participants. Others have found that it is difficult to show any effect. However, the amount of time and resources devoted to such programs warrants continuing efforts to evaluate their success.

This study compares the academic records of non-native English speaking students who were enrolled in the English for Non-native Residents Program …

An Exploratory Study Of Female Networking In A Mormon Fundamentalist Polygynous Society, Janet Bennion Cannon

Dissertations and Theses

The present study is comprised of two parts: 1) an exploratory ethnography of a contemporary polygynous community governed by a strong patriarchal ideology in Pinesdale Montana with emphasis on social relationships, and 2) an analysis of the factors which have allowed women's groups to develop in Mormon fundamentalism. The ethnographic account of the community contextualizes the occurrence of female groups in Pinesdale. A model of the formation of female groups designed by Nancy Leis (1974) in her study of the West African Ijaw is used to provide a better understanding of how female groups are formed, and is applied to …

Communication Stress And Coping Strategies Among Japanese University Students In The United States, Atsuko Kurogi

Dissertations and Theses

The significant increase of Japanese students studying in the United States suggests an increase in interactions with Americans. However, it does not mean that Japanese are aware of intercultural communication. They may experience stress in their interactions and their acculturative process because of cultural differences. They also may try to cope with the stress in their own way. Their stress and coping strategies may affect their academic performance, which is the most important aspect in their student life.

The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is any relationship among communication stressors, coping strategies, perceived academic self-efficacy, self-statement …

City Of Beaverton, Multi-Family Recycling Program, Gerald F. Blake, Lynne Storz, Tamara Roth

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

This report examines the Multi-Family Recycling Program sponsored by the City of Beaverton and operated by Portland State University's Recycling Education Project (REP). The program operated from July 1, 1989 to June 30, 1990. The purpose of the program was to implement a pilot recycling program that addressed the unique needs of apartment and condominium dwellers. The effort involved establishing 30 recycling systems in multi-family buildings. The program used a multi-materials approach that included separating newspaper, clear, green, and brown glass, tin, aluminum, and cardboard.

The pilot program was undertaken to further the City's and Metro's solid waste reduction goals, …

City Of Portland Multi-Family Recycling Program: Final Report, Gerald F. Blake, Lynne Storz

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

This report examines the Multi-Family Recycling Program sponsored by the City's Bureau of Environmental Services (BES), and operated by Portland State University's Recycling Education Project (REP). The program operated from July 1, 1989 to June 30, 1990. The purpose of the program was to implement a pilot recycling program that addressed the unique needs of apartment and condominium dwellers. The effort involved establishing recycling systems in 200 multi-family buildings. The program used a multi-materials approach that included separating newspaper, clear, green, and brown glass, tin, aluminum, and cardboard.

The pilot program was undertaken to further the City's and Metro's solid …

Recommendations For Recycling Shelter Design Changes, Gerald F. Blake, Lynne Storz

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

Brief report by the PSU Recycling Education Project and Multi-Family Recycling Program that offers recommendations on the design of equipment and supplies required for recycling stations. Reviews the equipment currently in use, as well as standard operating procedures for the region's haulers and recyclers, and proposes improvements to the current multi-family system in use.

Information Report On Recent State And Local Efforts To Prevent Juvenile Delinquency, City Club Of Portland (Portland, Or.)

City Club of Portland

No abstract provided.

The Duration Of Tinnitus In An Aging Population, Mary Engel

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the perceived severity of chronic tinnitus in a geriatric population increased, decreased, or remained constant with the passage of time. A questionnaire was designed to ascertain the subjects' perceived severity at time of onset and the perceived severity of their current tinnitus. The subjects were asked to rate their past and present tinnitus severity according to how much it bothered them. They were also asked questions pertaining to noise exposure history, hearing aid use, and tinnitus sound parameters for purposes of comparison with other groups previously studied.

Report On Annual Legislative Sessions (Ballot Measure 3), City Club Of Portland (Portland, Or.)

City Club of Portland

No abstract provided.

Systems Integration Analysis And Alternatives Identification For Facilities Planning Branch, Bpa: Task 1: Background Analysis And Data Gathering, Kenneth Dueker, Ric Vrana

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

Portland State University has been engaged by the Facilities Planning Branch, Division of Engineering, Bonneville Power Administration, to collect background information, analyze current activities, and provide recommendations for greater Branch efficiencies, and the most timely service to its customers, based on current and projected resources and financial responsibilities. This information is to extend and compliment the efforts of an in-house systems integration team which initially addressed these issues. This study is intended to assist Branch management in its effort to identify Branch strengths and increase productivity.

The Facilities Planning Branch is one of three Branches in the Division of Facilities …

United States Regional History As An Instructional Field: The Practice Of College And University History Departments, Carl Abbott

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

In one sense, American history is "a sequential process of regional development marked by a persistent tension between regional cultures and economic interests and integrative national institutions and values." Since the 1890's, regional history has been an active enterprise supported by academic instruction, leading university presses, specialized journals, and professional organizations. A survey of college and university departments of history yielded data to analyze the present ambiguous position of regional history within the evolving discipline of American historical studies.

Pioneer Courthouse Square: Board Retreat Summary, Pioneer Courthouse Square Board

Portland City Archives

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of The Phonological Skills Of Late Talking And Normal Toddlers, Patricia Joan Jennings

Dissertations and Theses

In the present study, the speech of twenty-four normally speaking toddlers and twenty-eight late talking toddlers was analyzed with respect to the syllable structures produced during a speech sample. The groups were matched with regard to age, sex, and socio-economic status, all passed a hearing screening, and all scored at least 85 on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development.

Focal Point, Volume 04 Number 02, Portland State University. Regional Research Institute

Research and Training Center - Focal Point

Children Grow Better in Families. This was the slogan on a 1984 poster developed by the Children's Bureau to emphasize the benefits of adoption -- not only to a waiting child, but to the adoptive home itself through the enrichment the new member brings to the existing family system. The slogan rings true for all types of families -- not only those restructured through adoption or remarriage, but those that are formed in more conventional ways. The child welfare system today is heavily invested in family preservation and the philosophy of permanency for children who have been placed outside their …

Information Report On The Mayor's 12-Point Plan For The Homeless, City Club Of Portland (Portland, Or.)

City Club of Portland

No abstract provided.

Intergenerational Relations In The Workplace: Older Women And Their Younger Women Co-Workers, Julie Suzanne Reynolds

Dissertations and Theses

Women aged 55 and older have been participating actively in the American work force and recently have been drawing increased attention from researchers in the social sciences. This study examines the nature of service work performed by older part-time women workers and their younger women co-workers, and the relationship between the two generations in the workplace.

The following research questions guided this exploratory study: Do the older women workers and their younger women co-workers report that there have been changes in the co-workers' work since the older women began working at the job site? What do the older women workers …

Information Report On Siting Locally Undesirable Regional Facilities, City Club Of Portland (Portland, Or.)

City Club of Portland

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of A Parent Training Program On Language Delayed Children, Lynn Krupa

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this research project was to determine whether a child-centered parent training program requiring minimal training would increase the language skills of LD pre-school children who have normal receptive language. Seven experimental subjects and 6 control subjects were randomly selected from a pool of middle-class families who answered a newspaper advertisement. The parents of the experimental group received 3 individual training sessions over a 3-month period. They were instructed to spend 15 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 3 months, in a free play situation with their children using the language stimulation techniques they had learned, …

An Analysis Of Bus Ridership Potential To Oregon Health Sciences University Using A Geographic Information System Approach, Richard Lycan, James D. Orrell, Transportation Northwest (Transnow)

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

GIS address-matching and overlay techniques can be used in the analysis of specialized transportation problems. These techniques enhance the spatial resolution of transportation services relative to the locations of potential users of the service. This allows planners to evaluate accessibility issues for identifiable user groups and thus make decisions about the feasibility of adjusting routes or schedules, or providing new services for these users. A case study focused on the commuter base of Oregon Health Sciences University is presented as an example of such an application.