Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Discourse Analysis: Backchanneling Behavior Of Advanced Speakers Of English/Japanese As A Second/Foreign Language, Keiko Ikeda

Dissertations and Theses

When a Japanese speaker or an American English speaker is engaged in an interaction in their second/foreign language (L2), they have choices in terms of language performance. They can maintain their behavior as what is conventional in their own first language/culture, what is expected in the partner's first language/culture, or what is believed to be the appropriate language behavior in the language in use (L2).

In this current study, backchanneling behavior is chosen to be one socio-pragmatic behavior that can be very different depending on language/culture. Data were collected in telephone conversations from a total of four listeners, all advanced …

Book Review Of, La Patria: Politics And The Armed Forces In Latin America, Shawn Smallman

International & Global Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

Reviews the book "For La Patria: Politics and the Armed Forces in Latin America," by Brian Loveman.

Highlights: Accomplishments Of Portland's Downtown Plan, Central City Plan, Albina Community Plan, Outer Southeast Community Plan, Portland (Or.). Bureau Of Planning

Portland Regional Planning History

All four plans were comprehensive. Their scope included transportation, housing, economic development, parks and open space, natural resources, urban design, and land use. Large scale planning efforts had previously focused on a limited set of concerns, such as parking, commercial revitalization, or housing. The Downtown Plan, Central City Plan, Albina Community Plan, and Outer Southeast Community Plan, on the other hand, evaluated, balanced, and integrated the different elements so that each action was taken in light of its effect on others. Extensive citizen involvement shaped the content of these plans and contributed to their success.

Bus Transit Operations Control: Review And An Experiment Involving Tri-Met’S Automated Bus Dispatching System, James G. Strathman, Thomas J. Kimpel, Kenneth Dueker

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

An operations plan contains information on the provision of transit service, including intended service levels, vehicle availability, and driver schedules. Agency resources would be utilized efficiently if the operations plan could be executed without disruptions in service. When service disruptions occur, the aim of operations control is to optimize system performance given the current state of the system (Wilson et al., 1992). This typically involves actions intended to either return service to schedule or restore headways separating vehicles. Disruptions in service impose costs on transit providers in the form of reduced productivity and on passengers in the form of increased …

Signs Of Popular Ecology In The Ecotourism Landscape Near Tikal National Park, Guatemala, Michael Mooradian Lupro

Dissertations and Theses

Ecotourism is a common conservation and development strategy in the Maya, Forest region. New sites of ecotourism consumption, such as El Rematé near Tikal National Park in Guatemala, are developing in response to consumer demand for budget accommodations in this attractive cultural and natural setting. This study analyzes new ecotourism infrastructure developments in El Rematé for signs that this tourism draws on ecological imagery as expressed in popular media - or popular ecology - not on the natural and cultural ecology of the region that is the target of international conservation efforts. Analysis suggests that ecotourism entrepreneurs who effectively associate …

International Students' Experiences In Higher Education: A Case Study Examining Uncertainty Reduction Theory In Communication Classrooms, Susan Kuhn

Dissertations and Theses

This was an exploratory case study which focused on international students' experiences in higher education. In particular, this study investigated the efficacy of uncertainty reduction theory in communication classrooms. The research asked four exploratory questions: (a) What are the students’ perceptions of the teacher/student relationship? (b) Do international students experience uncertainty in communication classrooms? (c) If uncertainty is experienced, what is its source(s)? (d) If uncertainty is experienced, do students seek to reduce it, and if so, how?

A phenomenological perspective was utilized in this study as the organizing, theoretical framework. Relevant literature on uncertainty reduction theory was reviewed as …

Teacher Self-Disclosure From The Perspective Of International Students In The Communication Classroom: A Case Study, Darlene J. Geiger

Dissertations and Theses

Self-disclosure as an interpersonal concept was developed almost 40 years ago with the work of Sydney Jourard. Although the original definition included nonverbal forms of communication, the concept has evolved since then into an 'intentional act of sending verbal information about one's self. In contrast, the present study broadened the definition for self-disclosure to include nonverbal behaviors and took a new methodological approach to understanding the effects that self-disclosure can have for international students in the communication classroom context.

Teacher self-disclosure from the perspectives of international students is an unexplored area and therefore a phenomenological, qualitative case study approach utilizing …

Ballot Measure 81: Limitations On Civil Damages, City Club Of Portland (Portland, Or.)

City Club of Portland

No abstract provided.

Learning, Motivation, And Self: A Diary Study Of An Esl Teacher's Year In A Japanese Language Classroom, Laura Ruth Hawks

Dissertations and Theses

Using a journal kept during a year in a second-year level Japanese language class, a diary study of an adult's foreign language experience was undertaken by an ESL teacher and graduate student. Kept as a means of releasing the anger, stress, and frustration that initially accompanied the learning experience, the journal provides a basis for the analysis of cultural, pedagogical, and personal variables that affected the learning process.

The introspective and longitudinal nature of the study provides not only a description of the learning environment and teaching method over time, but also illuminates otherwise unobservable aspects of the learning experience, …

Ballot Measure 80: Allow Use Of Highway Fund For Policing, City Club Of Portland (Portland, Or.)

City Club of Portland

No abstract provided.

Hollywood And Sandy Plan Action Charts: Adopted By Resolution Number 35875, Portland (Or.). Office Of The City Auditor

Portland City Archives

No abstract provided.

Focal Point, Volume 14 Number 01, Portland State University. Regional Research Institute

Research and Training Center - Focal Point

FROM THE EDITORS. It is with great pleasure that we welcome you to the premiere collaborative issue of Focal Point. The joint effort between the Center For Effective Collaboration and Practice and the Research and Training Center on Family Support and Children’s Mental Health exemplifies a larger partnership initiative put forward by the Center for Mental Health Services’ (CMHS) Comprehensive Community Mental Health Services for Children and Their Families Program. The goal of an enhanced partnership is to promote improved services that lead to better outcomes for youth and their families. Along these lines we hope you find the fruits …

Diy, Community, And Technology: The Impact Of Technology On Community Cohesion In The Portland Indie Rock Production Culture, Jeffrey Ross London

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether differences exist between those steeped in the practice of the use of the computer in music production and those reared in a mostly analog environment. In addition, this study aimed to develop theory concerning who may be in or out of the technology revolution in music. The areas of inquiry included the artists' situated perceptions of the quality, production aesthetic, and community role of the computer.

Subjects were selected using a snowball sample of those producers with an interest in the topic area. As the research developed, subjects were chosen …

A Tale Of Two Tods: Transit Oriented Development On The Westside Light Rail Corridor: An Analysis Of Station Area Planning And Development At Orenco And Beaverton Creek, Emily Harnish, Kenneth Itel, Michael Lapham, Matthew Larsen, Ann-Elizabeth Riis

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

The Portland metropolitan region is growing rapidly, as are accompanying environmental impacts which threaten livability. An efficient linkage between transportation and land use planning through transit oriented development has been identified as an important tool for managing growth-related problems. Implementation of this linkage is difficult to achieve.

A transit oriented development (TOD) is a compact, mixed-use community within short walking distance of a transit stop. Significant investment has been made in local TODs, particularly within the Westside corridor station areas of the Portland Metro Area Express (MAX) light rail line. While some of these developments have been criticized for not …

Bend Community Survey: Fall 1999, Deborah A. Howe, William A. Rabiega

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

The City of Bend enters the new millennium following an unprecedented decade of development. Population was estimated at 47,635 in May of 1999. The city more than doubled its area with its 1998 annexations. Many public and private projects were built during the past decade, and many are in planning stages or under construction at this time. Given this history, it is prudent for city government to determine how well Bend’s citizens feel public services are performing, how they feel about communication with their government, and what their concerns are about Bend’s future course.

This document reports a community survey …

Structural Conflict Prevention: Examining Well-Being, Justice And Security In Northern Ireland, 1967-1973, Loreene N. O'Neill

Dissertations and Theses

Recent exploration into methods of preventing the escalation of conflicts, which are inherent in any society, to violent or deadly conflict suggests that social and political structures are an important factor in averting armed conflict. The Carnegie Commission on the Prevention of Deadly Conflict has recommended through their research that three areas are important in the structural prevention of deadly conflict: They are Well-Being, Justice and Security.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the usefulness of the structural prevention model in the context of an actual conflict. To this end, the conflict in Northern Ireland 1967-1973 has been …

A Primer On Gis-T Databases, J. Allison Butler, Kenneth Dueker

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

This paper describes the primary database design approaches that have been and are being used in geographic information system applications for transportation (GIS-T). While not intending to be exhaustive, the paper covers the primary approaches used in federal, state, and local transportation agencies.

Competition And Collaboration In The Central Eastside: A Study Of Three Industry Groups, Peter Bilton, Jenni Minner, Estee Segal, Chris Zahas

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

Since 1980 the Central Eastside Industrial Council has worked with stakeholders in the Central Eastside Industrial District to improve the local business environment, solve common problems, and work toward common goals. This project uses the concept of "industry clusters" to offer the Council new insights into how related businesses function, how they interact, and what their common needs are within the Central Eastside. It links key industries of the Central Eastside to larger regional clusters, examines the assets and constraints of the district in relation to these industries, and looks at how the Council and area businesses can partner with …

Residents Informing The Planning Process: Pleasant Valley And Its Natural Resources, Steve Olson, Ian Simpson, Jay Sugnet, Tim Williams, Alison Young

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

As a society, we are slowly learning the importance of the interaction between the natural and built environments. We need a new model for planning and development that gives more weight to natural resource considerations than has traditionally occurred in the development process.

An opportunity exists in Pleasant Valley to bring focus to natural resources in future planning efforts by tapping into the local knowledge of residents who know and love the land. Because the area will begin to urbanize in the near future, it is necessary to learn about the area before development occurs or people move away. The …

Portland Community Land Trust Outreach Strategy, Lizzy Caston, Jon Dorwart, Alyssa Isenstein, Christina Robertson, Penelope Sanders, Matt Wickstrom

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

The Portland Community Land Trust (PCLT) is a newly formed nonprofit organization implementing a community-based model for providing affordable housing in the city of Portland, Oregon. In the initial research for this project it became evident that the PCLT needed an outreach strategy in order to become a successful community-based organization. Students enrolled in the 1999-2000 Master's of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop at Portland State University spend six months developing the following outreach strategy under the direction of the PCLT Interim Board.

In the process of community research and analysis, the most substantial discoveries made were in the nature …

The Kenton Connection: Establishing A Route Between Kenton And The 40-Mile Loop Trail, Mindy Correll, Katrina Hardt, Kimberly Parsons, Art Pearce, Carolyn Sharp

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

The Kenton Connection is a proposed trail in the North Portland neighborhood of Kenton, connecting the future Interstate MAX light rail station in downtown Kenton to the 40-Mile Loop.

Confluence Consulting worked with a five member advisory committee, with members from Portland agencies and organizations, to assist in developing trail route alternatives. Confluence Consulting also conducted public outreach and education in the Kenton neighborhood to assess residents' preferences on route alignments and trailside amenities. Additionally, businesses and industries in the area were contacted and queried about their concerns and preferences for a connection.

The Missing Link: An Evaluation Of Carsharing Portland Inc. Portland, Oregon, Gigi Cooper, Deborah A. Howe, Peter Mye

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

Often heard in the mass media and at cocktail parties is that Americans have a love affair with their automobiles. While it may be true that many Americans do love their cars, it is equally true that what they love most about them is the instant mobility that they provide. Car sharing is a concept that addresses the reality ofour need and desire for mobility with a growing desire to be economically and environmentally sensitive and sensible. Car sharing provides access to automobiles without the costs associated with ownership.

The purpose of this project is to evaluate the impacts of …

A Study Of The Pedestrian Realm And Multi-Modal Access In The St. Johns Town Center, Kate Bowie, Kim Miller, Owen Ronchelli, Sloan Schang

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

The residents of the St. Johns and Cathedral Park neighborhoods regard the St. johns Town center as a tremendous amenity. It has successfully served as a destination retail and employment district since the early 1900s but deterioration and a lack of infrastructure improvements are increasingly visible. As a Metro designated town center, the City of Portland is required to conduct a comprehensive planning effort similar to what occurred in the Hollywood Town Center. The project team offers a beginning to that process, with extensive community outreach and data analysis designed to evaluate the pedestrian realm and multi-modal means of access. …

Spatial Modeling In Emergency Medical Systems: Analysis Of A Regional Trauma System With Two Centers, Christopher A. Bangs

Dissertations and Theses

The allocation of trauma patients to one of two trauma centers based on multiple criteria presents significant challenges in modeling network-based solutions for Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Capabilities in a desktop Geographic Information Systems (GIS) include spatial analysis and map visualizations that contribute to improved understanding of EMS and the trauma allocation. Using a common desktop GIS application and a statistical analysis application, key spatial and temporal characteristics of both penetrating and blunt trauma are described, and the EMS allocation system is analyzed.

As a sub-group of all emergencies, trauma-system patients represent the most severely injured. Understanding the spatial-temporal distributions …

Survey Of Support For And Opposition To English Only Legislation In The Greater Portland Region, Leah Ann Woodruff

Dissertations and Theses

The politics of language is something that all ESL instructors will deal with at some point in their careers. The English Only Movement is an important part of the current trend in language legislation. As ESL instructors we need to understand what motivates people in our communities to support or oppose such legislation, so that we can better prepare our students to operate in that community. Many articles have been written on the English Only Movement, but the vast majority of them are from a historical or politically partisan view. Little research has been done in regard to why this …

International Environmental Regimes And Latin America: The Role Of Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations, Jennifer T. Eller

Dissertations and Theses

This study analyzes the obstacles to environmental policymaking in Latin America such as the poverty crisis, the North/South conflict and political corruption. These obstacles result in weak government institutions and create an opportunity for other actors to wield greater influence in the policymaking process.

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of environmental agreements such as debt-for-nature swaps. Debt-for-nature swaps emerged as a solution to the conundrum of the debt crisis and environmental degradation. The cases of Bolivia, Costa Rica and Ecuador illustrate the tensions between development and environmental degradation. The most important lesson learned from these swaps is that the support …

Economic Impact Of Standard Reference Materials For Sulfur In Fossil Fuels, Sheila A. Martin, Michael P. Gallaher, Alan C. O'Connor

Institute of Metropolitan Studies Publications

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes U.S. economic growth by working with industry to develop and apply technology, measurements, and standards. Through its Office of Standard Reference Materials, NIST is authorized to certify and sell standard reference materials (SRMs) that help users engaged in commerce or research link their measurements to NIST. Developed by NIST’s Technical Laboratories, SRMs are materials certified for their chemical composition or physical properties. As emerging regulations increase the importance of the sulfur content of fossil fuels, NIST is expanding its SRM program to include SRMs for measuring sulfur in the low-sulfur fuels …

Opportunity Gateway Concept Plan And Redevelopment Strategy: A Guide For Growth For Portland's Only Regional Center, Portland (Or.). Office Of The City Auditor, Portland (Or.). Bureau Of Parks And Recreation

Portland City Archives

No abstract provided.

Predictors Of Task And Contextual Performance: Frame-Of-Reference Effects And Applicant Reaction Effects On Selection System Validity, John Hunthausen

Dissertations and Theses

An employment process suprasystem contains human resource-related systems such as training, recruitment, performance appraisal, and personnel selection. Similarly, a personnel selection system consists of interdependent subsystems that work together to manifest its properties (e.g., the acquisition of qualified and high-potential individuals). Finally, each of these complex subsystems (e.g., applicant reactions to selection methods) have interdependent elements (e.g., procedural and distributive justice) that work together to manifest the properties of the subsystem (e.g., applicant fairness perceptions).

This dissertation takes such a systems approach to understanding the complexities of a personnel selection system to explore the interactions among three of its subsystems: …

The Relationship Between Chinese Character Recognition Strategies And The Success Of Character Memorization For Students Of Mandarin Chinese, Hui-Yen Emmy Chen

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between beginning Chinese language students' character memorization and the strategies they used for the recognition of Chinese characters. In the experiment, a new character teaching approach, the phonetic-ideograph strategy, was introduced to all the subjects during two quarter terms. Subjects participated in the study were divided into two groups depended upon their language backgrounds: the phonographic group and the morphographic group. All the subjects in the phonographic group were English speakers and subjects in the morphographic group were Japanese speakers. All the subjects received the same treatment in the study. …