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Articles 181 - 210 of 4915
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Building Leader Self-Efficacy In Kenyan Teenage Girls, Maureen Malomba
Building Leader Self-Efficacy In Kenyan Teenage Girls, Maureen Malomba
Dissertations, 2020-current
Most social-cultural problems are wicked problems that require innovative and sustainable solutions. Gender equality is just one of them, and this study looked at the approach of leadership development in teenage girls as a strategy to make advances toward gender equality. I conducted this study in Kenya, in a small, rural girls’ primary school that incorporates a leadership development curriculum to assess the duration and the types of interventions in leadership development programs, and how they relate to self-efficacy. The school has 40 girls aged between 12 and 16 in their first and third years. This study incorporated a convergent …
Wellbeing In The Caribbean: Exploring Wellness In Afro-Caribbean Populations, Lynnquell S. Gardiner
Wellbeing In The Caribbean: Exploring Wellness In Afro-Caribbean Populations, Lynnquell S. Gardiner
Dissertations, 2020-current
Research on Caribbean individuals’ mental health and wellness is scarce in the literature, especially for those residing in Caribbean regions. The purpose of these studies was to examine local definitions of wellness and explore the role of nature for Afro-Caribbean (AC) individuals who make up most of the Caribbean’s population. Using two popular wellness models, relevance of application was explored for use with AC women participants. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was further used to explore participants definitions of wellness, existing strengths, and challenges in maintaining balance as it relates to wellness. Family connection, rest, and being in nature were significant …
Investigating The Direction Of Item Parameter Bias In The Presence Of Rapid Guessing, Sarah Alahmadi
Investigating The Direction Of Item Parameter Bias In The Presence Of Rapid Guessing, Sarah Alahmadi
Dissertations, 2020-current
Inadequate examinee test-taking effort is especially concerning when the results of low-stakes tests are used to inform high-stakes policy or psychometric decisions. Although abundant is the literature on the negative impact of low test-taking effort (e.g., Wise & DeMars, 2005) and ways to address it (e.g., Alahmadi & DeMars, 2024; Lau et al., 2009), integrating it into assessment practices has long been in a rudimentary stage. The findings presented in this dissertation serve as a clarion call for testing professionals to reinforce efforts that bridge research and practice. The current study investigated how rapid guessing (RG)—a form of non-effortful test-taking …
The Complexities Of The Counselor Identity Amid Mental Health Crisis Response In Higher Education: An Examination Of Ethical And Moral Challenges, Burnout And Support, Shayna Finn
Dissertations, 2020-current
Supporting faculty and students in crisis response on higher education campuses is of growing importance in light of the rising mental health issues that students are experiencing. The focus of this dissertation is to gain an understanding of the experiences of counselor educators due to their unique identities: those of a counselor and educator. The format is a 3-style article dissertation with the first 2 articles being data driven (1 quantitative and 1 qualitative study) and the third article is a conceptual piece. Manuscript 1 focuses on moral injury and burnout for those who identify as a counselor in higher …
Addressing Youth Mental Health Through School Counseling, Advocacy, And Student Voice, Elizabeth Dinwiddie
Addressing Youth Mental Health Through School Counseling, Advocacy, And Student Voice, Elizabeth Dinwiddie
Dissertations, 2020-current
Youth mental health concerns, both diagnosed and undiagnosed, are a global public health concern. These concerns inevitably manifest in school settings, where K-12 youth are spending significant portions of their time. While schools, districts, and state and federal policies are working to expand mental health support in school settings, school counselors are still the most consistently/universally present mental health professionals in school settings across the United States. The combination of school counselor placement in school settings and training to identify and support youth mental health make them incredible assets in this work. Despite this, school counselors have historically managed inconsistent …
Revolutionizing Counselor Education Through Cultural Humility: A Critical Examination Of Pedagogical Practices, Educators’ Experiences, And Determining Factors, Renee L. Haskins
Revolutionizing Counselor Education Through Cultural Humility: A Critical Examination Of Pedagogical Practices, Educators’ Experiences, And Determining Factors, Renee L. Haskins
Dissertations, 2020-current
This dissertation addresses the need for counselor educators and supervisors to cultivate cultural humility to adequately prepare their students and supervisees for the complexities of working with diverse client populations. Emphasizing the ongoing need for self-reflection and the evaluation of biases within multicultural contexts, this series highlights the dynamic nature of competency development in counseling. Through an exploration of personal experiences and perspectives, counselors at all career stages are encouraged to engage in continuous growth, thereby enhancing their capacity to navigate diverse cultural landscapes and serve clients effectively. The first manuscript provides a conceptual exploration, focusing on the pedagogical approach …
Exploring The Intersection Of Mental Health, Self-Advocacy, And Sense Of Belonging Among Rural, First-Generation College Students, Sarah Johnson
Exploring The Intersection Of Mental Health, Self-Advocacy, And Sense Of Belonging Among Rural, First-Generation College Students, Sarah Johnson
Dissertations, 2020-current
This dissertation delves into the intersections of social and cultural capital, self-advocacy, sense of belonging, and the experiences of mental health help-seeking among rural, first-generation college students. Rural, first-generation college students face unique challenges throughout their academic journey, this dissertation aims to contribute to the literature by examining the experiences and support mechanisms that are crucial for this population to be successful in higher education. This dissertation follows a triple-manuscript style, including a conceptual manuscript, quantitative manuscript, and a qualitative manuscript. The conceptual manuscript examined how college counselors can build contextual social and cultural capital among rural, first-generation college students …
Lived Experiences Of Korean Immigrant Women In The U.S., Jinok Lim
Lived Experiences Of Korean Immigrant Women In The U.S., Jinok Lim
Dissertations, 2020-current
Korean immigrant women encounter distinct challenges during and after the immigration process, yet there is a noticeable scarcity of research focusing on this demographic. Immigration, often perceived as a traumatic experience, exerts a profound impact on various facets of immigrants' lives. Despite trauma's potential to yield diverse negative consequences, there exists acknowledgment of positive transformations following such experiences, commonly referred to as posttraumatic growth. This research endeavors to scrutinize the phenomenon of posttraumatic growth in Korean immigrant women. The initial investigation employs a quantitative approach to explore the correlation between immigration-related factors—such as age at immigration, English proficiency, acculturation level, …
An Exploration Of The Value In Integrating Pre-Treatment Assessments Of Caregiver-Child Dyad Functioning, Emery Q. Brautigan
An Exploration Of The Value In Integrating Pre-Treatment Assessments Of Caregiver-Child Dyad Functioning, Emery Q. Brautigan
Dissertations, 2020-current
Parent child interactions constitute a wide variety of behaviors that have been linked to a variety of childhood outcomes. A variety of caregiver-child dyadic treatment modalities have arisen, such as Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) and Theraplay, that aim to improve the quality of parent child interaction. These modalities utilize pre-treatment semi-structured observational assessments to establish the current functioning of the caregiver-child dyad and inform treatment goals. PCIT utilizes the Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System, Fourth Edition (DPICS-IV) and Theraplay utilizes the Marschak Interaction Method (MIM). Given the similar interests of these assessments in assessing the quality of parent-child interaction, a …
Cultivating Emotional Competencies In Therapists-In-Training, Tara Rajagopal
Cultivating Emotional Competencies In Therapists-In-Training, Tara Rajagopal
Dissertations, 2020-current
Emotions are central to the process of therapy. This is why it is important for therapists to possess emotional skills to work with their own and clients’ emotions to promote change. While therapeutic competencies have been well-researched, the emotional competencies of student therapists have received limited research attention. The present research aims to understand students’ beliefs regarding emotions in therapy and test strategies to train aspiring therapists’ emotional competencies. Students in a clinical and school psychology doctoral program participated in focus groups to explore their beliefs about emotions in therapy and their needs for emotional training. They also engaged in …
Look: An Examination Of The Clothing And Clothing Assemblages Of The Washington D.C. Punk Scene, Cedric Ansah
Look: An Examination Of The Clothing And Clothing Assemblages Of The Washington D.C. Punk Scene, Cedric Ansah
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Punk clothing has iterated and innovated on aspects of its own history as a subculture, it has been representative of yet another chapter in the long history of subculture and counterculture, and it has been indicative of the values of whatever geographical area or scene spawned it. Broadly, history has favored the representation of some geographical punk spaces over others. While Britain, New York, the Midwest-U.S., and California have all been observed and championed by punk scholarship as being unique chapters in punk history, other geographical spots, such as the nation’s capital, Washington D.C., have gone underrepresented by comparison in …
Unpacking My Dreadlocks: My Hair Matters Depending On Where I Go, Tia Jones
Unpacking My Dreadlocks: My Hair Matters Depending On Where I Go, Tia Jones
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Deliberation of the natural hair movement continues to be an evolving and ever-changing series of expressions and identity. Black folks represent and make sense of their hair by maintaining the standard to upkeep hair textures, sizes, styles, shapes, and colors, to develop social markers about their race, ethnicity, religion, gender, and age. In this way, hair serves as an integral part of one’s identity, especially providing an opportunity to embrace one’s culture while promoting self-expression. This study seeks to answer the overarching question: “How is Black hair, specifically dreadlocks, portrayed to a non-West-Indian society and what is its connection to …
The Relationship Among Oral Contraceptive Use, Sleep, And Sexual Behavior, Sureyya Sanchez
The Relationship Among Oral Contraceptive Use, Sleep, And Sexual Behavior, Sureyya Sanchez
Masters Theses, 2020-current
The purpose of this study was to discover if individuals taking oral contraceptives differed on measures of sleep and sexual behavior compared to those who are taking no form of birth control. Participants wore motion loggers every night for two-weeks, tracking their sleep, and filled out a questionnaire every morning inquiring about their sleep, sexual feelings, sexual behaviors, and affect from the day before. Research in this area of study is very sparse and results are conflicting, therefore I aimed to obtain comprehensive information to derive a basic understanding on if sexual behavior variables and sleep variables are in fact …
Measuring Alumni Career Outcomes: A Validity Study, Mason Jones
Measuring Alumni Career Outcomes: A Validity Study, Mason Jones
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Higher education experiences routine scrutiny as the cost continues to rise and evidence of a return on investment is variable. Higher education institutions would benefit from measuring post-graduate outcomes to better articulate their impact. The current study examines the factor structure and measurement invariance of the National Alumni Career Mobility (NACM) a 25-item survey, that is widely used to assess alumni career outcomes. Prior psychometric reports for the NACM purported two different factor structures: a five-factor and bifactor model. National reports disaggregated the data by demographic variables, including first-generation status. Disaggregation by first-generation status is problematic given the lack of …
“If We Don't Get The Help That We Need, What Does That Say About The Future For Americans?”: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Public Responses To Ohio Environmental Disasters, Kaitlin M. Gold
Masters Theses, 2020-current
This thesis examines three case studies surrounding various Ohio environmental disasters and controversies. In particular, I explore how the public has resisted and asserted themselves through advocacy measures to ensure that their homes and communities are safe. The case studies examine how the state of Ohio has evaded responsibility and not taken action, and thus how the public has attempted to resist those efforts through various means. While Olson and Goodnight’s (1994) conception of oppositional arguments acts as a methodological backbone to the thesis, each case study employs other specific tools of rhetorical analysis to better understand each chapter and …
Increasing Social Communication With A Client Using Video Modeling, Christa Sutton
Increasing Social Communication With A Client Using Video Modeling, Christa Sutton
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Video modeling was a powerful and effective tool to gain skills and begin the generalization of those skills to other settings and situations. Communication between peers and adults was an important skill, which helps build and maintain relationships, solve problems, and accomplish tasks. One way to support learners in acquiring these skills was to implement peer video modeling. In the literature, peer video modeling has been shown to be an effective intervention for supporting skill acquisition for individuals with a variety of disabilities. However, using a peer that shares similar demographic characteristics and the same disability was an area that …
Assessing Cannabidiol As A Novel Therapeutic For Depression Among College Students, Noah Gustin
Assessing Cannabidiol As A Novel Therapeutic For Depression Among College Students, Noah Gustin
Masters Theses, 2020-current
The purpose of the current study was to assess the utility of cannabidiol (CBD) as a novel therapeutic for college students with mild-to-moderate depression. Participants completed a fourteen-week protocol: a four-week baseline, a four-week consumption phase, a two-week washout phase, and a second four-week consumption phase. Participants were randomly assigned to a CBD condition (150mg or 300mg). Study phases were counterbalanced such that if CBD was consumed in the first consumption phase, placebo was consumed in the second consumption phase, and vice versa. Participants completed weekly and monthly surveys used to assess depressive symptoms and secondary health-related measures. While graphical …
The Effects Of Various Array Sizes On The Skill Acquisition Of Auditory-Visual Conditional Discriminations, Ashlee Parks
The Effects Of Various Array Sizes On The Skill Acquisition Of Auditory-Visual Conditional Discriminations, Ashlee Parks
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Common skills frequently taught to young learners in early childhood often include simple and conditional discriminations of stimuli. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different array sizes presented to a learner when teaching auditory-visual conditional discriminations. An alternating treatments design was used to determine which array size led to the quickest and longest maintained skill acquisition. The researcher tested one participant’s ability to identify a shape from arrays of four, six, and nine. During baseline, the researcher observed low levels of responding in each array indicating this was not a skill the learner had in …
Examining The Psychometric Properties Of Issaq-Ss Subscales And Testing Measurement Invariance Across First-Generation Status, Riley Herr
Masters Theses, 2020-current
The ISSAQ-SS is a new scale developed for the purpose of measuring students on twelve noncognitive skills, all of which are theoretically predictive of academic success in higher education. Each of the twelve noncognitive skills measured via the ISSAQ-SS are represented by distinct subscales which contain five to nine items. Students respond to each item using a 4-point Likert scale. Given that the ISSAQ-SS is still new, further validity evidence is needed to support the use of this scale. For example, prior to comparing ISSAQ-SS subscale scores across groups of interest, it is necessary to establish that the subscales exhibit …
Fading Reinforcement Within High-Probability Request Sequences, Morgan Mabery
Fading Reinforcement Within High-Probability Request Sequences, Morgan Mabery
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Following Mace at al.’s (1988) seminal article, which first established the efficacy of the high-probability request sequence, further research on the high-p sequence has examined the factors which impact the effectiveness of the sequence. Wilder et al.’s (2015) research supports that the use of programmed reinforcement within high-p sequences is critically important for the procedure’s effectiveness. Some research has supported the efficacy of fading the number of high-p requests presented while maintaining responding, yet no research thus far has examined the use of fading reinforcement and its effects on maintenance of responding. The present study aimed to replicate the findings …
The Reciprocal Relationship Between Ego-Resiliency And Attachment Quality: The Mediating Role Of Coping, Christopher Johnson
The Reciprocal Relationship Between Ego-Resiliency And Attachment Quality: The Mediating Role Of Coping, Christopher Johnson
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Ego-resiliency is a multifaceted personality trait that is heavily associated with social competence and plays a key role in an individual’s ability to cope with stress and adapt to novel situations. Broadly speaking, ego-resiliency refers to an individual’s ability to modify one’s level of impulse inhibition in accordance with environmental demands. Three key antecedents of ego-resiliency have been identified: active engagement with the world, having a repertoire of problem-solving strategies, and the ability to quickly recover after experiencing stressful or unforeseen events. Attachment theory suggests that high-quality adolescent attachment relationships provide individuals with a “secure base” from which to explore …
Exploring The Link Between Self-Distancing And “Stress Is Enhancing” Mindsets, Kyle Green
Exploring The Link Between Self-Distancing And “Stress Is Enhancing” Mindsets, Kyle Green
Masters Theses, 2020-current
While stress is generally framed as debilitating, past research has shown that adopting a mindset that focuses on the positive aspects of stress, referred to as a “stress is enhancing” mindset, can improve the ways in which one engages in stressful experiences. Researchers in this area have called for further investigation of the ways in which “stress is enhancing” mindsets are adopted. This study sought to explore the practice of self-distancing as a potential mechanism. It was hypothesized that participants who were instructed to write about a personally relevant future stressor from a distanced, third-person perspective would have more positive …
Varied Versus Non-Varied Behavior-Specific Praise On Student On-Task Behavior, Courtney West
Varied Versus Non-Varied Behavior-Specific Praise On Student On-Task Behavior, Courtney West
Masters Theses, 2020-current
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of praise variety on student behavior, by assessing how varied and non-varied behavior-specific praise statements affect student on-task behavior. An alternating treatments design was used to compare the two praise conditions. During baseline, participants were not provided with any feedback on their interactions with students. Following baseline, instructions were given to teachers on the two skills (varied and non-varied BSP) and the experimental phase began. In the experimental phase, participants alternated between a condition providing varied BSP to students and a condition providing non-varied BSP to students. The results of …
A Component Analysis Of Behavioral Skills Training In Teaching And Maintaining Social Skills In An Adolescent With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Hannah Lockwood
A Component Analysis Of Behavioral Skills Training In Teaching And Maintaining Social Skills In An Adolescent With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Hannah Lockwood
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Modern social skills literature show the use of behavioral skills training (BST) and role-play in social skills instruction in small-group and school-based settings, although there is limited research measuring the effects of components of the BST package in maintaining social behaviors. The purpose of the present study, in response to the work of Kornacki et al. (2013), was to measure the effectiveness of the role-play and feedback components of BST in maintaining social skills. A multiple-baseline design across behaviors was used to measure social skills acquisition across different behavior domains for an adolescent participant with autism spectrum disorder. The participant …
The Impacts Of Teacher's Pride Skill Acquisition On Student Challenging Behavior, Haley Gardner
The Impacts Of Teacher's Pride Skill Acquisition On Student Challenging Behavior, Haley Gardner
Masters Theses, 2020-current
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of teacher’s PRIDE (praise, reflection, imitation, description, and enjoyment) skill acquisition on student challenging behavior using direct measurement. PRIDE skills are positive attention skills that have demonstrated success in improving teacher-student rapport as well as reducing student maladaptive behavior within the classroom setting. A multiple baseline across behaviors design was used to assess the impacts of P + R and I + D pairings on the dependent variable, student behavior. Behavioral skills training (BST) and feedback was used to teach and maintain PRIDE skill acquisition in the intervention phases. Due …
Envisioning Our Ecological Futures. Diffracting Creative Expressions., Mariam Ismail
Envisioning Our Ecological Futures. Diffracting Creative Expressions., Mariam Ismail
Masters Theses, 2020-current
This thesis delves into the realm of eco-art, examining its multifaceted role in informing, educating, and mobilizing audiences towards sustainable environmental practices. Through an interdisciplinary lens that intertwines environmentalism, critical explorations of the anthropocene, ecofeminism, Indigenous knowledge, and social justice, this research investigates various themes, approaches, and methodologies employed by eco-artists. Utilizing a diffractive methodology, I acknowledge and respect these concepts’ contextual and theoretical differences while exploring their relationality to one another and to the artworks. By recognizing these entangled relationships, the diffractive framework creates and re-creates ‘research assemblages’ that shift away from conventional anthropocentric or representational methods of interpretation, …
Divining The Self: Applying Tarot As A Projective Technique In Counseling, Eileen Clinton
Divining The Self: Applying Tarot As A Projective Technique In Counseling, Eileen Clinton
Educational Specialist, 2020-current
Projective techniques comprise a controversial category of interventions in therapy, but when utilized appropriately, can inspire valuable progress in the counseling process. This paper first explores the clinical benefits of projectives and scholarly concerns regarding their use in a clinical setting, before providing a brief overview of the history and practice of tarot card reading. Tarot has infrequently been the focus of academic research as a projective technique, and is presented here as a secular medium to enrich the therapeutic work and relationship. If utilized from an expressive rather than a diagnostic approach, this paper argues for the application of …
An Examination Of The Fitsparation Principles Of Influence, Anita Faerchuk
An Examination Of The Fitsparation Principles Of Influence, Anita Faerchuk
Masters Theses, 2020-current
Obesity is a health issue that continues to get worse. A contributing factor to this health issue is various marketing techniques that have made it harder for an individual to understand health information. This study was designed to help understand these tactics and how one can be armed against these marketing techniques as well as use them to help influence themselves and others to be healthy.
Addressing A Curricular “Blind Spot”: The Collaboration Efforts For A Research Guide To Support Inclusive Excellence, Lara Sapp, Karen Weeks, Jamie Robinson, Karen Jagiello
Addressing A Curricular “Blind Spot”: The Collaboration Efforts For A Research Guide To Support Inclusive Excellence, Lara Sapp, Karen Weeks, Jamie Robinson, Karen Jagiello
Libraries
No abstract provided.
Subject Analysis Ex Machina: Developing A Subject Heading Recommendation Service For Jmu Libraries, Steven W. Holloway
Subject Analysis Ex Machina: Developing A Subject Heading Recommendation Service For Jmu Libraries, Steven W. Holloway
Libraries
Results of a 2022 evaluation of ANNIF, open-source software designed to generate controlled vocabulary subject headings, using James Madison University Libraries resources.