Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Understanding Uzbek Child Rearing As A Mediating Factor In The Government’S Reliance On Child Forced Labor During The Annual Cotton Harvest: A Pilot Project, Kathleen Crowley

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

In this pilot study, 11 international students studying in the Capital District region of upstate New York completed the Parental Authority Questionnaire (Sensese, Bornstein, Haynes, Rossi, and Venuti, 2012) and two also completed the Parenting Style Questionnaire (Robinson, Mandleeco, Olsen, & Hart, 1995) in an attempt to validate these instruments for diverse cultures. All participants contributed to focus group discussions of parenting attitudes and practices in their home countries to refine the focus group methodology. Two participants from Uzbekistan were interviewed individually to explore parental attitudes and practices that may relate to that country’s ongoing reliance on forced child labor …

Parenting Stress In Immigrant Families Of Children With An Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparison With Families From The Host Culture, M Millau, M Rivard, C Mercier, C Mello

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Immigrant families of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) face significant challenges in accessing and using rehabilitation services appropriate for their child’s disorder. Compared to families native to their host country, the stress experienced by these families in relation to their child’s condition may be magnified by their immigrant status. This study compared self-reported parenting stress levels among 24 mothers and 17 fathers who had immigrated to Canada to income-matched, Canadian-born parents. Overall, Canadian-born parents tended to report higher stress levels than immigrant parents, but this may be primarily due to the high stress levels among Canadian-born fathers relative to …

Dealing With Diversity: A Qualitative Evaluation Of The Program Mentor Migration Salam, Hildegard Wenzler-Cremer

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

In the project “Mentor Migration SALAM -Spielen Austauschen Lernen Achtsam Miteinander (Playing-Sharing- Learning-Attentively-Together) students mentor a child from a migrant family for a period of 8 months. They spend about three hours of leisure time a week together. The students are assigned to only one child, so they can develop an interpersonal relationship to that child and its family. For the children the project helps to expand their horizons, gaining a wider knowledge of their surroundings, the urban neighborhood they live in, the city itself. The act of students and pupils coming together, offers in itself, lots of learning opportunities: …

A Similarity Graph-Based Approach To Study Social Representations Of The Economic Crisis: A Comparison Between Italian And Greek Social Groups, Roberto Fasanelli, Anna Liguori, Ida Galli

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

In order to analyse the common sense theories about the economic thinking and acting, this research has been conducted with the theoretical framework of the Social Representation Theory. By interviewing Italian and Greek participants belonging to different social groups, we examined how expert and lay people face this phenomenon. Inspired by the Structural Approach, which considers SRs as constituted of two parts (a structure and a content), data were collected through specific strategies and were created ad hoc: hierarchized evocations, characterization and multiple choice questionnaires. Four groups of participants (N=120 for each country; n=30 for each group; gender balanced) …

Occupational Stress Of Working Women In A Specific Culture, Santa Misra

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The occupational stress of the working-woman in a specific orthodox socio-cultural milieu and the effects of personality traits, which are considered as preventive, protective as well as assailing factors, that influence the stress in the workplace, is now a burning issue in organizational sectors. Thus the study sought to examine the relationship of personality attributes on the management of occupational role stress in the working woman(N=550) from 11 occupational groups varying in age, level of employment and working hours in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. For each subject, data were collected on 10 measures of occupational stress, 4 measures of coping resources, …

The Relationship Between Servant Leadership, Affective Commitment: Organizational Citizenship Behavior And Team Effectiveness, B Mahembe, A S. Engerbrecht, Z Dannhauser

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The goal of the study was to conduct an analysis of the relationships between servant leadership, affective team commitment, OCB and team effectiveness in the South African school system. A non-probability sample made up of 288 school teachers was drawn from 38 schools in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Item analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyse the data. Positive relationships were found between servant leadership and team effectiveness; servant leadership and affective team commitment, affective team commitment and team effectiveness, servant leadership and OCB; affective team commitment and OCB; and OCB and team effectiveness.

The Interplay Between Traditional And Modern Values And Interpersonal Variables In Mental Disorders And Mental Health, Andreas Maercker

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Our research focuses on values and mental health, and possible mediating factors. Based on two value-related theories – Schwartz’s and Inglehart’s - we suggest a complex prediction model: It hypothesises that social support mediates the relationship between traditional values and mental health, whereas the relationship between modern values and mental health is mediated by resilience. We tested our model with three large student samples from China, Russia, and Germany. By and large, our hypotheses were confirmed: Particularly traditional values were relevant for mental health by predicting social support and thence mental health. With regard to modern values, the value of …

Intercultural Competencies To Overcome Trauma, Anna Bayard-Richez, Patrick Denoux, Julien Teyssier

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

This research aims to implement a set of questions linked to two theoretical approaches: French intercultural psychology, in terms of culture contact psychology, and intercultural clinical psychology of trauma. We examine the alleviation of trauma from the development of intercultural competencies involved in cultural contacts. We advance the hypothesis of a link between the development of intercultural skills and the reduction of trauma. We contend that these two concepts are connected through creative resolution strategies and that people confront a traumatic situation that doesn’t make sense, whether from a perpetrator or from another culture encounter. In our first set of …

The Racism, Acceptance, And Cultural-Ethnocentrism Scale (Races): Measuring Racism In Australia, Kaine Grigg, Lenore Manderson

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

No existing scale has been designed for, and validated in, the Australian context which can objectively evaluate the levels of general racist attitudes in Australian individuals or groups. Existing Australian measures of racist attitudes focus on single groups or have not been validated across the lifespan. Without suitable instruments, racism reduction programs implemented in Australia cannot be appropriately evaluated and so cannot be judged to be making a meaningful difference to the attitudes of the participants. To address the need for a general measure of racial, ethnic, cultural, and religious acceptance, an Australian scale was developed and validated for use …

Toward The Theoretical Constructs Of East Asian Cultural Psychology, Weijun Ma, Rui Feng, Rui Hu, Juzhe Xi, Edward Fox, Xia Ding

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The core values of traditional Chinese Confucian culture such as “five virtues”, “five cardinal relationships”, and the thought of “golden mean” exert significant influence on East Asian culture, including Chinese, Japanese, and Korean cultures. In recent years, with the rapid development of the studies of cultural psychology in East Asian cultural circles, it is necessary to conduct the theoretical constructs to integrate the common psychological characteristics in East Asian cultural circle. The theoretical constructs of East Asian Cultural Psychology regard the impacts of traditional Confucian culture on East Asian culture and the individual as its core, and focus on self-construal, …

The Nationality Of Theories, Geert Hofstede, Mark F. Peterson

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Keynote dialogue for 22nd IACCP World Congress, Reims, July 16, 2014

From Diversity To Systematic Patterns And Integrative Syntheses: A Journey In Cross-Cultural Psychology, Cigdem Kagitcibasi

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The evolution of cross-cultural psychology started with studies of differences, advanced to examining systematic patterns and currently is involved with possible Integrative syntheses. The beginnings of cross-cultural psychology, closely allied with anthropology, involved European and North American scientists’ search for human differences in “exotic” places. With the internationalization of the field, research is now carried out mostly in contemporary societies. With large comparative data sets systematic patterns are revealed, for example in values. The next step, which may have already started, is likely to integrate cultural differences with similarities adaptive to increasingly similar urban life styles. Such syntheses promise to …

Unity, Diversity And Culture, Christine Roland-Lévy, Patrick Denoux, Benjamin Voyer, Pawel Boski, William Gabrenya, Ann Kristin Rhode, Jérémy Lemoine

IACCP Proceedings of the Biennial International Conferences

A peer-reviewed book based on presentations at the XXII Congress of the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2014, Reims, France.

(c) 2016, International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology (ebook)

Escaping Gravity: One Library's Journey From Idea To Understanding, Lee C. Van Orsdel

Presentations

No abstract provided.

Informed Learning, Information Literacy, And Scholarly Communication: Library Pedagogy As A Bridge To The Disciplines, Kim L. Ranger

Presentations

The focus of this presentation is to report findings from growing partnerships between faculty whose primary focus is classroom teaching and faculty librarians, revealing connections between our disciplines and co-designing curricula that recognize the commonalities in pedagogy, theories, and professional practice. Information literacy and scholarly communication are combined in teaching and learning lessons, materials, and shared terminology. The presenter will encourage participants to reflect on why and how librarians invite students into the disciplines and to investigate ways of assessing student learning.

East Vs. West – Developmentally Early Differences In Attention, Megumi Kuwabara, Linda B. Smith

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Growing evidence indicates a suite of generalized differences in the attentional and cognitive processes of adults from Eastern and Western cultures (Nisbett, 2003). Cognition in Eastern adults is characterized as more relational and in Western adults as more object focused (Nisbett & Miyamoto, 2005). This chapter will present evidence on the early emergence of these differences in preschoolers from Japan and the U.S. and will also present initial findings on transmission of these cultural differences being very early.

Tolerance For Ambiguity As A Potential Barrier To Intercultural Interactions, Randall E. Osborne, Paul Kriese

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Online teaching brings both unique challenges and opportunities to students and faculty (e.g, Prensky, 2009). Some of these challenges and opportunities are in the area of perceptions of online teaching itself (e.g, Osborne, Kriese, Tobey and Johnson, 2009a), some involve unrealistic expectations or lack of appropriate preparation on the part of students (e.g, Clark, 2010) and others involve the match between faculty teaching styles, student learning styles and digital instruction (e.g, Chen, Kinshuk, Wei & Liu, 2010; Sheng-Wen, Yu-Ruei, Gwo-Jen & Nian-Shing, 2011). These challenges might present particular difficulties when the goal is …

Who Is Friends With Whom? Patterns Of Inter- And Intraethnic Friendships Of Mainstream And Immigrant Early Adolescents In Germany, Maja K. Schachner, Fons J. R. Van De Vijver, Alaina Brenick, Peter Noack

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Multiethnic schools provide opportunities for interethnic contact and the development of positive interethnic relations. Yet, some children develop such relations more easily than others. In the present study, we were interested in patterns of inter- and intraethnic friendships and the relative likeability of certain ethnic groups in ethnically heterogeneous schools. The sample comprised 842 early adolescents (M_age = 11.50 years, SD_age = .71; 53% male) from 64 countries of origin who attend multiethnic schools in Southwest Germany. In line with our expectations, interethnic friendships are to a large extent formed on the basis of cultural distance, with more …

Reasons For The Deteriorating Relationship Between The Local People Of Mumbai And The Bihari Migrants, Jyoti Verma

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The paper deals with the ‘reasons’ behind the deteriorating relationship between the Bihari migrants and the local people of Mumbai from a larger project on the topic. The main sample comprised of 307 people (152 Bihari migrants and 155 local people of Mumbai). Additionally, 50 respondents participated into 8 focus group discussions and 17 were interviewed. Both the qualitative and quantitative methods were used for data collection. Two similar, but not identical versions of the main questionnaire were developed, one for each group whose Part III addressed the ‘reasons’ issue. Qualitative data were generated with the help of an open-ended …

Developmental Aspects Of Self-Regulation In Germany And Chile: Links Among Maternal Warmth, Children’S Self-Regulation, And Social Competence, Mirjam Weis, Gisela Trommsdorff, Tobias Heikamp, Jesus Redondo, Lorena Muñoz

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The present study investigated relations among maternal warmth, children’s self-regulation (i.e., behavior and emotion regulation), and prosocial behavior. The assumed relations were studied in Germany and Chile, two socialization contexts differing in socio-economic and cultural factors. The sample consisted of 76 German and 167 Chilean fourth graders, their mothers, and teachers. Maternal warmth was rated by mothers with the Parenting Practice Questionnaire (PPQ). Children reported the use of emotion regulation strategies on the Questionnaire for the Measurement of Stress and Coping in Children and Adolescents (SSKJ 3-8). Mothers’ and teachers’ ratings on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were used …

Polish Baby Boom In United Kingdom – Emotional Determinants Of Medical Care Perception By Pregnant Poles In Uk, Maria Kazmierczak, Agnieszka Nowak, Beata Pastwa-Wojciechowska, Robin Goodwin

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

In the year of 2004 United Kingdom experienced the wave of immigration from Poland which was recently admitted to the European Union. In 2010 Poland was one of three countries of origin of non-UK born mothers, and the increase in birth rates among Poles in United Kingdom has started in 2005 (Office for National Statistics, 2010; Hayes et al., 2011). The aim of this paper is to examine the perception of various components of medical care received during the course of pregnancy by Polish women residing in the United Kingdom (N = 106). We took under consideration two aspects …

Money Attitudes Among Iranians: A Test Of Yamauchi And Templer’S Money Attitudes Scale, Amirreza Talaei, Catherine T. Kwantes

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The factor structure of Yamauchi and Templer’s (1982) attitudes toward money scale was explored in Iran. While some items loaded on the same factors as found in western contexts, some unique factors were also found, reflecting particular cultural and economic impacts on money attitudes in Iran. Both etic and emic factors emerged. Saving was the only factor that emerged with the original scale items found in western cultures. Two of the original Anxiety items loaded onto a single factor, labelled Bargain-Conscious consistent with a small number of previous studies. Some of the Anxiety and Distrust items together loaded on the …

Do Individual-Level Value Preferences Impact Country-Level Social Cohesion? An Exploratory Multi-Level Analysis Based On Ess Data, Mandy Boehnke, Klaus Boehnke

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

This chapter links macro-level social cohesion to individual value preferences. It explores the predictive, concomitant, and consequential character of cohesion in relation to individual value preferences. Is it that prior cohesion predicts later value preferences? Or is it that certain earlier value preferences impact later social cohesion? Or is there, if at all, only contemporaneous covariation? To answer these research questions, ESS values data from rounds 1-4 (2002, 2004, 2006, and 2008 waves) were separately linked with country-level social cohesion scores from (1) a prior time period, (2) the same time period, and (3) a later time period [e.g., ESS …

Suicide And Culture: Exploring Country-Level Relations Between Suicide Rates And Dimensions Of Cultural Variability, Miriam J. Schwarzenthal, Taciano L. Milfont

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Suicide rates vary considerably between nations. This observation suggests that sociocultural characteristics of nations might play an important role in explaining suicidal behavior. In this study we examined country-level associations between suicide rates and dimensions of cultural variability while adjusting for gross domestic product per capita. While some characteristics of modern culture such as intellectual autonomy and secular-rational values were associated with higher suicide rates, characteristics of postmodern societies such as self-expression values and egalitarian commitment were associated with lower suicide rates. Exploratory analyses also showed meaningful associations between suicide rates and other measures of cultural variability such as societal …

Depression And Help Seeking In The Sri Lankan-Australian And Anglo-Australian Community: A Qualitative Exploration-Preliminary Findings, Josefine Antoniades, Bianca Brijnath

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

This study compared cultural variances in the understanding of depression, help seeking and management strategies between Anglo-Australians and Sri Lankan immigrants with depression, one of the fastest growing immigrant communities in Australia. From 2012-2104 Sri Lankan (n=18) and Anglo-Australians (n=30) participants living with depression took part in semi-structured interviews. Participant eligibility was verified by significant levels of depression on the DSM IV and K10. Sri Lankans and Anglo-Australians expressed overlap in the experience in symptoms, yet differences in beliefs related to the etiology of depression; in general, Sri Lankan migrants attributed depressive symptoms to ongoing social problems whereas Anglos-Australians generally …

Effectiveness Of Group Interventions For Depressed Iranian Migrants In Austria, Atefeh Fathi, Walter Renner, Barbara Juen

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Effectiveness of Group based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy was investigated in a sample of 23 Iranian migrants living in Austria for an average 14 years and suffering from Major Depressive Disorder. The participants were randomized to: (1) individual CBT, (2) group based CBT and (3) wait-list control groups. Although the results showed a significant decrease in depression symptoms, no significant group differences were observed. The findings from this study suggest that the effectiveness of group based CBT may be influenced by Iranian socio-cultural characteristics.

Intercultural Competences And Self-Identity As Key Factors To Adaptation, Carmen Carmona, Karen I. Van Der Zee, Jan Pieter Van Oudenhoven, Nerea Hernaiz-Agreda

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Students increasingly cross borders to study in a foreign country and live a full experience abroad. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship among intercultural personality, self-identity orientation, and outcomes of cultural adaptation among international students. According to the multicultural personality questionnaire, five key dimensions lead to intercultural adaptation success: cultural empathy, open-mindedness, emotional stability, social initiative, and flexibility. In addition, another relevant factor is that individuals frame situations differently depending on how they construe or represent themselves in a specific context. Thus, we consider three related identity orientations (i.e., personal, relational, and collective identity) …

(De)Constructing Multiculturalism: A Discourse Analysis Of Immigration And Refugee System In Canadian Media, Kim H. Chuong, Saba Safdat

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

A succession of policy changes to the immigration and refugee system has been made in Canada in recent years by the Conservative federal government. Since most people’s understandings about immigration issues come from exposure to the news, the media have an important role in producing and reproducing prevalent public opinions to support and legitimize, or criticize, social and political actions. The present study examines how the immigration and refugee policy changes have been represented in mainstream print media and provides an important interface between recent political decision-making and society with regard to immigration issues. In our analysis, we demonstrate that …

How Does Income Inequality Get Under The Skin? The Mediating Role Of Perceived Age Discrimination In The Inequality- Health Nexus For Older And Younger People, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Sibila Marques, Maria Luísa Lima, Dominic Abrams, Hannah Swift, Christopher Bratt

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The relative income hypothesis predicts poorer health in societies with greater income inequality, yet the psychological mechanisms that explain this association are not clear to date. This study tests the hypothesis that perceived age discrimination acts as a mediator in the inequality-health nexus for people who categorize themselves as old. It is expected that the detrimental mediating effect of perceived age discrimination does not occur for those who categorize themselves as young, since their low status is only temporary until they move to the higher status middle-aged group. A cross-sectional multilevel analysis of the 2008/09 European Social Survey (ESS, Round …

The Experience Of Skilled Migrant Women In Switzerland: Challenges For Social And Professional Integration, Juliana Nunes-Reichel, Marie Santiago-Delefosse

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Recent studies on migrants’ social and professional integration in Switzerland indicate that migrant women are the most vulnerable group. Researches highlight the “deskilling power” of migration but tend to focus on a descriptive level, without considering the influence of context and the heterogeneity of migrants’ experiences. This qualitative study aims to investigate the meaning of migration and integration process from participants’ point of view: their challenges, strategies and the impact of the migration experience on self-image. Semi-structured interviews (n = 30) were conducted with two groups of skilled migrant women: group one are skilled women who migrated through the invitation …