Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Life In Hampton Roads Survey Press Release #4: Presidential Polling, Social Science Research Center, Old Dominion University

Life in Hampton Roads Survey Report

Life in Hampton Roads Survey - Presidential Polling Results

Respondents were asked: “Do you approve or disapprove of the job Donald Trump is doing as president?” Roughly one-third (34.1%) approved, with 13.9% strongly approving. Nearly two-thirds (65.9%) disapproved, with 43.8% disapproving strongly.

The Influence Of The Government On Corporate Environmental Reporting In China: An Authoritarian Capitalism Perspective, Hui Situ, Carol Tilt, Pi-Shen Seet

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study uses panel data to investigate the different roles of the Chinese government in influencing companies’ decision making about corporate environmental reporting (CER) via a two-stage process. The results show that the Chinese government appears to mainly influence the decision whether to disclose or not, but has limited influence on how much firms disclose. The results also show that the traditional model of authoritarian capitalism (under which state-owned enterprises [SOEs] are the major governance arrangement) is transforming into a new model. In the new model of authoritarian capitalism, the Chinese government uses newer, more sophisticated tools to manage both …

Should We Expect Each Year In The Next Decade (2019–28) To Be Ranked Among The Top 10 Warmest Years Globally?, Anthony Arguez, Shannan Hurley, Anand Inamdar, Laurel Mahoney, Ahira Sanchez-Lugo, Lilian Yang

Political Science & Geography Faculty Publications

Annual rankings of global temperature are widely cited by media and the general public, not only to place the most recent year in a historical perspective, but also as a first-order metric of recent climate change that is easily digestible by the general public. Moreover, all annual NOAAGlobalTemp anomalies from 1880 (the earliest reading available) through the mid-1970s are well below anomalies of the top 10 warmest years in Table 1, even when considering the uncertainty of the NOAAGlobalTemp time series values. While we expect the algorithm's performance to be largely independent of any changes made to the way that …

Victory By The Weakest: Effects Of Negative Advertising In N>2 Candidate Campaigns, Jesse T. Richman

Political Science & Geography Faculty Publications

The truel, or three way duel, has distinct properties from duels: the weakest contestant often has a very good chance to win. This paper explores application of the logic of truels to election campaigns involving negative advertising. We show that negative campaigning that pits the leading candidates against each other can create circumstances in which the third (or worse) place candidate wins in one or more of the Nash equilibria of the game. We then study whether the simulated existence of an opportunity for Nash equilibrium victory by third place candidates predicts such outcomes in U.S. state-wide elections.

Challenges In Upgrading Emergency Power In Florida Nursing Homes Following Hurricane Irma, Nicole S. Hutton, Michael J. Allen

Political Science & Geography Faculty Publications

Maintaining and restoring electricity after a disaster helps to preserve the health and well-being of the elderly who are at increased risk of heat stress and may be dependent upon life-sustaining medical equipment. Mitigation policies altered in reaction to increased public interest without thorough consideration of industry-specific resources may contribute to delays in implementation and unrealized potential for emergency power coverage within individual facilities. The objectives of this research are twofold: (i) to examine the relationship between preexisting conditions of life-safety systems at facilities and date of implementation of emergency power regulation improvements and (ii) to assess the role of …

Motivated Viewing: Selective Exposure To Political Images When Reasoning Is Not Involved, Clarisse Warren, Stephen Schneider, Kevin Smith, John Hibbing

Department of Political Science: Faculty Publications

Motivated reasoning is an important element of politics especially in these highly polarized times. People selectively expose themselves to information in a fashion that makes it possible to embrace arguments consistent with their existing biases and ignore arguments inconsistent with those biases. Often overlooked in the research on motivated reasoning and selective exposure to information, however, is that a substantial portion of politics is about affective responses—that which makes people feel good and that which makes people feel bad. In this paper, we introduce a novel indicator of people's tendency to prolong exposure to favored political images or to truncate …

Ideology And Predictive Processing: Coordination, Bias, And Polarization In Socially Constrained Error Minimization, Nathan E. Wheeler, Suraiya Allidina, Elizabeth U. Long, Stephen P. Schneider, Ingrid J. Haas, William A. Cunningham

Department of Political Science: Faculty Publications

Recent models of cognition suggest that the brain may implement predictive processing, in which top-down expectations constrain incoming sensory data. In this perspective, expectations are updated (error minimization) only if sensory data sufficiently deviate from these expectations (prediction error). Although originally applied to perception, predictive processing is thought to generally characterize cognitive architecture, including the social cognitive processes involved in ideological thinking. Scaling up these simple computational principles to the social sphere outlines a path by which group members may adopt shared ideologies and beliefs to predict behavior and cooperate with each other. Because ideological judgments are of specific interest …

Diverse And Inclusive High Courts: A Global And Intersectional Perspective, Alice J. Kang, Miki Caul Kittilson, Valerie Hoekstra, Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon

Department of Political Science: Faculty Publications

Critical race feminists call attention to the ways in which multiple and overlapping forms of privilege and discrimination shape individual experiences and perspectives. In this article, we argue that judiciaries cannot be fully inclusive if their composition does not reflect a society’s intersecting sources of disadvantage. We consider intersectional inclusion on high courts from a compar-ative perspective. Most existing practices of representation on high courts promote the inclusion of groups as if they are internally homogenous. We explore the attempts at and successes of promoting intersectional inclusion in the context of the high courts of Canada and South Africa. Although …

Peter Zack Geer, Jr., Papers, Zach S. Henderson Library Special Collections

Finding Aids

This collection consists of personal and professional papers of Peter Zack Geer, Jr. Materials span 1923-1967 and include documents relating to Geer's law practice, his service as Executive Secretary to Governor S. Ernest Vandiver (1958-1961), and as Georgia Lt. Governor under Governor Carl Sanders (1963-1967). The subject files contain information regarding the civil rights movement, race relations in Georgia, Julian Bond, Herman Talmadge, and Jeannette Rankin. The papers also contain the law files of his father Peter Zack Geer, Sr.

Find this collection in the University Libraries' catalog.

The Rawlsian Mirror Of Justice, Jessica Flanigan

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

Libertarians(like me) generally disagree with orthodox Rawlsians (like Samuel Freeman) about whether Rawlsian principles of distributive justice are compatible with libertarianism.¹In this essay, I set out to explain why. In section 1, I describe the problem, which is essentially that libertarians think the Rawlsian framework does not rule out anti-statist, capitalist, and broadly libertarian approaches to distributive justice and orthodox Rawlsians think that it does. I propose that this problem arises because the Rawlsian framework is underspecified in two ways. First, the Rawlsian framework has a lot of moving parts, so people with different pre-theoretical intuitions can use …

Donald J. Trump And The Rhetoric Of Ressentiment, Casey Ryan Kelly

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

This essay contributes to and reframes the preliminary scholarly assessments of President Donald J. Trump’s appeals to rage, malice, and revenge by sketching the rhetorical dimensions of an underlying emotional-moral framework in which victimization, resentment, and revenge are inverted civic virtues. I elaborate on the concept of ressentiment (re-sentiment), a condition in which a subject is addled by rage and envy yet remains impotent, subjugated and unable to act on or adequately express frustration. Though anger and resentment capture part of Trump’s affective register, I suggest that ressentiment accounts for the unique intersection where powerful sentiments and self-serving morality are …

Inequality In The Social Mind: Social Comparison And Support For Redistribution, Meghan Condon, Amber Wichowsky

Political Science Faculty Research and Publications

Income inequality is fundamentally relational in nature, but research on the American public’s response to it tends to examine individuals in isolation, concluding that support for redistribution is unresponsive to inequality. We focus instead on perceptions of relative socioeconomic position, which we manipulate experimentally through imagined social interactions with high- or low-status others. We find that subjects who make social comparisons between themselves and someone who is socioeconomically advantaged perceive their own status as lower, assess their own socioeconomic status more accurately, and become more supportive of social welfare spending, even though we provide no factual information about the income …

Primary Primers: While Trump’S Impeachment Now Seems Forgotten, It Damaged His Political Capital And Reduced His Sway In The Republican Party, Julia R. Azari

Political Science Faculty Research and Publications

To say that 2020 has been an eventful year is an understatement. A global pandemic, national uprisings against racial injustice, an economic collapse – these are just the major items. It’s easy to forget that earlier this year, President Trump survived an impeachment trial. Below, Julia Azari explores how this has affected the 2020 election. She argues it appears to have damaged his standing as an individual and made him even more reliant on the Republican Party, thus giving him less influence in shaping the response to the COVID-19 pandemic and reducing his political capital in an election year.

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The Policy State And The Post-Truth Presidency, Philip Rocco

Political Science Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Trumpism And The Dual Tracks Of American Polarization, Paul Nolette

Political Science Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Introduction: An Unsettled Time From American Political Development And The Trump Presidency, Philip Rocco, Zachary Callen

Political Science Faculty Research and Publications

As the words of his inaugural address echoed across a rain- soaked National Mall, Donald Trump cut a hole in time. His presidency, he said, marked a breaking point in American politics. No longer would a “small group” of elites reap the benefits of government while “forgotten Americans” bore the cost. “Now,” Trump suggested, “we are only looking to the future.” Even so, the speech telegraphed a dystopian pre sent; the United States had become a landscape of rusted- out factories, cities teeming with crime, and national borders defenseless against terrorist threats. Gone was the promised land that Trump’s predecessors …

Political Centrism, Perspective Taking, And Outgroup Derogation: An Integrated Model, David Kesler

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

The relationship between perspective taking abilities, political centrism, and outgroup derogation is not defined at this time. While previous research has demonstrated a negative relationship between political centrism and outgroup derogation (Van Prooijen, Krouwel, Boiten, & Eendebak, 2015), the relationship between the other variables is unclear. Therefore, the current study sought to measure the relationship between (1) perspective taking abilities and political centrism, (2) perspective taking and outgroup derogation, (3) political centrism and outgroup derogation and lastly, (4) whether the relationship between perspective taking abilities and political outgroup derogation would be mediated by an individual's level of political centrism.

Economic Sanctions & Political Unrest: Cuba And Iran, Bailey Nicole Sellers

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study observes the relationship between economic sanctions and civil unrest. Through a comparative lens, this paper assesses two case studies: Iran and Cuba and attempts to explain why Iran experiences high frequencies of protests in comparison to Cuba.

บทบาทของเทคโนโลยีต่อความสัมพันธ์ทางชนชั้นในสังคมไทย: กรณีศึกษาแกร็บแท็กซี่ พ.ศ. 2555 - 2564, ธนวิชย์ ถาวร

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วิทยานิพนธ์ฉบับนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ในการศึกษาสองประเด็นด้วยกันคือ 1. เพื่อศึกษาเทคโนโลยีที่ส่งผลต่อชนชั้นทางสังคม 2. เพื่อศึกษาลักษณะชนชั้นทางสังคมของแกร็บแท็กซี่ ซึ่งเป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ (Qualitative Research) ในลักษณะที่เป็นกรณีศึกษา (Case Study) ผู้เขียนรวบรวมข้อมูลจากเอกสารและการสังเกตแบบมีส่วนร่วม (Participant Observation) มาวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล โดยนำข้อมูลที่ได้จากการค้นคว้าวิจัยมาเชื่อมโยงและหาความสัมพันธ์ของข้อมูล เพื่อที่จะนำไปสู่การตีความ (Hermeneutics) ผลการศึกษาชี้ให้เห็นว่า เทคโนโลยีเป็นปัจจัยสำคัญในการพัฒนาของระบบทุนนิยมแพลตฟอร์มในปัจจุบัน และเป็นปัจจัยที่ทำให้ความสัมพันธ์ทางชนชั้นเปลี่ยนไปจากเดิม เป็นความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างผู้มีและไม่มีอำนาจในการควบคุมแพลตฟอร์ม(ปัจจัยในการผลิต) การแสวงหากำไรจากแพลตฟอร์ม และทำให้แพลตฟอร์มนั้นเสมือนเป็นของสาธารณะ แกร็บแท็กซี่เป็นหนึ่งในอาชีพที่ต้องพึ่งพาแพลตฟอร์มในการทำงาน ส่งผลให้ลักษณะการทำงานของแกร็บแท็กซี่มีลักษณะคล้ายคลึงกับชนชั้นกลาง กล่าวคือเป็นเจ้าของปัจจัยในการผลิตเอง เลือกเวลาในการทำงานเองได้ แบกรับความเสี่ยงที่เกิดขึ้นเสมือนเป็นเจ้าของธุรกิจส่วนตัว และสามารถเลือกทำงานแกร็บแท็กซี่ในเวลาว่างหลังเสร็จสิ้นจากงานประจำได้ เป็นอิสระในการตัดสินใจที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการทำงาน และในขณะเดียวกันนั้นแกร็บแท็กซี่ก็มีลักษณะคล้ายคลึงกับชนชั้นแรงงานที่ถูกแพลตฟอร์มของบรรษัทข้ามชาติขูดรีดมูลค่าส่วนเกินด้วย ดังนั้นอาชีพแกร็บแท็กซี่จึงมีความเป็นชนชั้นกลางและชนชั้นแรงงานในบางเวลา สอดคล้องกับทฤษฏีตำแหน่งของชนชั้นที่ขัดแย้งกันเองภายใน (Contradictory Class Location theory)

การเมืองของกระบวนการกำหนดนโยบายน้ำของอินโดนีเซียกรณีศึกษาบริเวณ Kuta และ Sanur ในจังหวัดบาหลี ประเทศอินโดนีเซีย, ธนพร นิธิพฤทธิ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วิทยานิพนธ์ฉบับนี้ศึกษาเกี่ยวกับความขัดแย้งด้านทรัพยากรน้ำที่เกิดขึ้นในพื้นที่บริเวณ Kuta และ Sanur ในจังหวัดบาหลี ประเทศอินโดนีเซีย ซึ่งหลังจากที่ได้มีการกระจายอำนาจจากส่วนกลางไปสู่ส่วนท้องถิ่นนั้น รัฐบาลท้องถิ่นต้องพึ่งพาหรือหารายได้ด้วยตนเองมากขึ้น โดยการหารายได้ดังกล่าวอาจจะเป็นการคำนึงถึงผลประโยชน์ของฝ่ายรัฐบาลมากเกินไป จึงส่งผลกระทบต่อทั้งตัวชุมชนและผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสีย สำหรับวัตถุประสงค์ในการวิจัยแบ่งออกเป็น 3 ข้อ ได้แก่ 1) เพื่อศึกษาวิวัฒนาการของการจัดสรรทรัพยากรน้ำในพื้นที่ท้องถิ่นของประเทศอินโดนีเซีย 2) เพื่อวิเคราะห์อิทธิพลของตัวแสดงที่เกี่ยวข้องในการจัดสรรทรัพยากรน้ำ 3) เพื่อวิเคราะห์รูปแบบของกระบวนการของประชาธิปไตยแบบปรึกษาหารือที่ใช้แก้ไขการจัดสรรทรัพยากรน้ำในพื้นที่ท้องถิ่นของประเทศอินโดนีเซีย วิทยานิพนธ์ฉบับนี้มีสมมติฐานคือ การออกแบบเชิงสถาบัน (Institutional Design) ในการจัดการทรัพยากรน้ำ อันได้แก่ กระบวนการแสดงความคิดเห็นของชุมชน และกลุ่มผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียที่เกี่ยวข้องที่สอดคล้องกับ deliberative democracy หรือการสร้างความสัมพันธ์ที่มีลักษณะที่เป็นแบบ Horizontal ซึ่งจะมีศักยภาพมากกว่าลักษณะที่เป็นแบบ Vertical มีแนวโน้มที่จะลดความขัดแย้งในการจัดสรรทรัพยากรน้ำในพื้นที่ได้ สำหรับการเก็บข้อมูลผู้วิจัยได้ทำการลงพื้นที่เพื่อทำการสัมภาษณ์ผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียทั้งหมด 4 กลุ่ม อันได้แก่ 1) กลุ่มหมู่บ้าน/ชุมชน 2) กลุ่ม NGOs 3) กลุ่มรัฐบาลท้องถิ่นที่รับผิดชอบงานด้านทรัพยากรน้ำ และ 4) กลุ่มอุตสาหกรรมการท่องเที่ยว ทั้งบริเวณ Kuta และ Sanur จังหวัดบาหลี ประเทศอินโดนีเซีย ตั้งแต่วันที่ 5 พฤศจิกายน ถึงวันที่ 19 พฤศจิกายน 2562 ผลการวิจัยพบว่าในบริบทของบริเวณ Kuta และ Sanur ในจังหวัดบาหลี ประเทศอินโดนีเซีย ถึงแม้ว่าจะมีความไม่เสมอภาคในตอนเริ่มแรก แต่ผลประโยชน์ของชาวบ้านที่อยู่ในบริเวณที่ทรัพยากรน้ำขาดแคลนอย่างจริงจัง ก็ถูกเริ่มนำมาพิจารณาอย่างต่อเนื่องในเวทีการเจรจาหาทางออกร่วมกัน ดังนั้นจะตอบสมมติฐานได้ว่า องค์ประกอบที่นำไปสู่การจัดสรรทรัพยากรน้ำที่เท่าเทียมและทำให้ประชาชนในท้องถิ่นบริเวณ Kuta และ Sanur ในจังหวัดบาหลี ประเทศอินโดนีเซียสามารถเข้าถึงน้ำได้อย่างเท่าเทียม ไม่เกิดสภาวะการขาดแคลนน้ำ จะประกอบไปด้วย ประการที่ 1 การที่รัฐบาลท้องถิ่นรับฟังความคิดเห็นของชุมชน ประการที่ 2 กระบวนการแก้ไขความขัดแย้งที่มีลักษณะเป็น Deliberative democracy โดยประการที่ 1 และประการที่ 2 จะเห็นได้จากการจัดตั้งคณะกรรมการด้านการบริหารจัดการน้ำ หรือ Water Management Committees (WMCs) และประการที่ 3 …

Ethical Eating: Overcoming Alienation In The Industrial Food System By Aligning Our Practices With Our Principles, André Kushnir

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This thesis arose out of a moment of discord, while an environmental philosopher was eating blackberries in the middle of a blizzard in Missoula, Montana. What follows is an attempt to bridge the gap between our principles and our practices, by asking the questions: What does ethical eating look like? Is it possible within our current industrial food system? and If not, what needs to change? Responding to the publication of the 2019 EAT-Lancet report, this essay moves beyond thinking of ethical eating as “healthy” and “sustainable” and challenges the networks of suffering and labour that we take for …

Fanm Pa Chita: Mobilities, Intimate Labour, And Political Subjectivities Among Haitian Women On The Move, Masaya Llavaneras Blanco

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This dissertation asks: how does intimate labour interact with the mobility and political subjectivities of Haitian migrant women and women of Haitian descent in the Dominican Republic (DR)? It answers this question in three specific ways. First, it explains the relationship between intimate labour and the spatial trajectories of women of Haitian ancestry who work as domestic workers. Second, it examines how the interaction between intimate labour and human mobility plays out in the Dominican border regime. Third, it explains how these subaltern women act politically in the midst of the intersections between borders, mobilities, and intimacy.

The dissertation proposes …

The Map Is Not The Territory: Governance, Hybridity And The Apsa In Mali, Ousmane Aly Diallo

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This dissertation examines the politics and assumptions underlying regional security governance in Africa through the prism of the challenges posed by the intricacies of domestic governance in the Sahel. Based on a study of the actions of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the African Union (AU) during the conflict in Mali (2012-), this dissertation argues that at the core of the challenges faced by the APSA in Mali, is the fundamental mismatch between the processes of regional governance initiated by African regional actors, which are rooted in the Westphalian conception of statehood, and the realities of everyday …

A Rush Of Refugees: How The United States And Canada Have Responded, Tayla A. George

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

Design For Sustainment: Governance Engineering In Major Acquisition Programs, William Baker, Kaitlynn M. Castelle, Joseph M. Bradley, Lucas C. Marino

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

During acquisition for a sustainment-dominated, major capital asset, decision-making and action to develop the sustainment system must begin early in the acquisition process to sufficiently align the necessary integrated logistics support demanded by these systems. Effective governance improves the likelihood of success for delivery of the asset and accompanying sustainment system to ensure the asset meets expected performance and remains functional over its planned decades-long service life. The service life of a Navy vessel can range from 25 to 50 years. In this case study, we examine the operation of the governance system for major maritime acquisitions, wherein a fleet …

Intra-Trade Among African Economic Bloc: A Comparative Study Of East African Community (Eac) And Southern African Development Community (Sadc) 2008 - 2018, Mustapha Abdullahi Maikudi

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

ABSTRACTSince the at middle of 20th century when most African states begin to gain political independence from colonialist, one phenomenon that was over warmly accepted is that of regional integration, both political, social, and economic. Regional integration was believed to pertinent for attaining desired goals and objectives set, thus its acceptance by both policymakers, academic, experts as well as ordinary citizens all over the continent. Despite acceptance and existence of regional economic blocs, as put by the United Nations Commission for Africa (2010) Report, intra-trading within African continent is the lowest World over when compared to other regions, say Asia, …

Understanding The Connections: An Analysis Of Climate Change And Human Security, Erica Martinez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Increasing evidence shows that the impacts of anthropogenic climate change have magnified and will have dramatic implications for both the natural and social systems (Adger et al., 2014). While research on the security implications of climate change has been found to have a major bearing on policy making, experts have not reached a consensus about how climate change and human security are related, leaving the climate-security nexus and corresponding policies underdeveloped.

The purpose of this study is to delineate and scrutinize the relationship between climate change and human security so that a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon is achieved. …

Mi Feria Es Su Feria: How Mexican Americans Created The 1968 San Antonio Hemisfair, Gene Thomas Morales

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In 1968, HemisFair became the first world's fair to be held in San Antonio, the United States Southwest, and to be recognized by the Bureau of International Expositions. Countries from around the globe were brought together by a shared commitment to democratic unity, Pan-American friendship, and to celebrate San Antonio's 250th anniversary. San Antonio Fair Inc., the group in charge of the fairâ??s construction and production, worked closely with community leaders, the Texas state government, and the U.S. federal government to create the exposition. The fair's theme would be called Confluence of Civilizations in the Americas. Confluence for the fair …

Mother Nature, Lady Justice: Ecofeminism And Judicial Decision-Making, Jonathan Alexis Picado

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Ecofeminism offers a feminist perspective that links gender to how humans relate to the natural world. As such, this framework explores the connections between the oppression of nature and the oppression of women, such as widespread views that both women and nature are property, are to be dominated, and are most valuable when cultivated and curated by men. I apply this philosophical and sociological framework to judicial decision-making, where women judges should view environmental issues as women's issues and thus be more likely to vote in favor of the environmental protections relative to her male peers. I evaluate this theory …

Representaciones De La Identidad Neoleonesa En Los Spots De Las Campañas A La Gubernatura De Nuevo León De 2015representations Of Nuevo León’S Identity Within The Campaign Spots For The 2015 State Election, Xavier Moyssén Álvarez

Publications and Research

This article parts from the sociological model of voting behavior, according to which social characteristics deter-mine political preferences. It is proposed that regional identity, because of its socialized nature, might’ve had effects on the voting behavior of the 2015 Nuevo León election. This work isn’t focused on the result of the election, it rather intends to verify, through content analysis, the presence of elements belonging to Nuevo Leon’s identity within the campaign spots for the main candidates:Felipe de Jesús Cantú (PAN), Ivonne Álvarez García (PRI), and Jaime Heliodoro Rodríguez Calderón (independ-ent). Furthermore, we propose a theoretical explanation of the possible …