Other Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Phantom Ocean, Real Impact: Natural Surf Sound Experiments Alter Foraging Activity And Habitat Use Across Taxa, Ryan N. Wardle

Master's Theses

A growing body of research focuses on how background sounds shape and alter critical elements of animals’ lives, such as foraging behavior, habitat use, and ecological interactions (Bradbury & Vehrencamp, 2011; Barber et al., 2010; Kight & Swaddle, 2011; Shannon et al., 2016). Much of this research has centered on the effects of anthropogenic noise (Dominoni et al., 2020; Francis & Barber, 2013; Ortega, 2012; Swaddle et al., 2015), but recent studies have also revealed that natural sound sources can influence animal behavior (Davidson et al., 2017; Le et al., 2019). Natural sounds, such as crashing surf, can create conditions …

Stem Education In College: An Analysis Of Stakeholders’ Recent Challenges And Potential Solutions, Santanu De, Georgina Arguello

FDLA Journal

A vast majority of academic disciplines and curricula in the college center around Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), which are critical to developing the skills necessary for a global workforce. Rapid changes in pedagogical setups, educational modes, and advances in instructional technology entail diverse challenges for key stakeholders (i.e. students, faculty, and the organizations). This paper highlights the most relevant challenges and potential solutions in STEM higher education at the college level, reported in the last decade. The holistic analysis combining the three stakeholders’ perspectives would help elucidate significant contemporary aspects impacting the fields. The goal is to further …

Application Of Tda Mapper To Water Data And Bird Data, Wako Bungula

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Espade: An Efficient And Semantically Secure Shortest Path Discovery For Outsourced Location-Based Services, Bharath K. Samanthula, Divyadharshini Karthikeyan, Boxiang Dong, K. Anitha Kumari

Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

With the rapid growth of smart devices and technological advancements in tracking geospatial data, the demand for Location-Based Services (LBS) is facing a constant rise in several domains, including military, healthcare and transportation. It is a natural step to migrate LBS to a cloud environment to achieve on-demand scalability and increased resiliency. Nonetheless, outsourcing sensitive location data to a third-party cloud provider raises a host of privacy concerns as the data owners have reduced visibility and control over the outsourced data. In this paper, we consider outsourced LBS where users want to retrieve map directions without disclosing their location information. …

Video Game Genre Classification Based On Deep Learning, Yuhang Jiang

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Video games have played a more and more important role in our life. While the genre classification is a deeply explored research subject by leveraging the strength of deep learning, the automatic video game genre classification has drawn little attention in academia. In this study, we compiled a large dataset of 50,000 video games, consisting of the video game covers, game descriptions and the genre information. We explored three approaches for genre classification using deep learning techniques. First, we developed five image-based models utilizing pre-trained computer vision models such as MobileNet, ResNet50 and Inception, based on the game covers. Second, …

Numerical Computations Of Vortex Formation Length In Flow Past An Elliptical Cylinder, Matthew Karlson, Bogdan Nita, Ashwin Vaidya

Department of Mathematics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

We examine two dimensional properties of vortex shedding past elliptical cylinders through numerical simulations. Specifically, we investigate the vortex formation length in the Reynolds number regime 10 to 100 for elliptical bodies of aspect ratio in the range 0.4 to 1.4. Our computations reveal that in the steady flow regime, the change in the vortex length follows a linear profile with respect to the Reynolds number, while in the unsteady regime, the time averaged vortex length decreases in an exponential manner with increasing Reynolds number. The transition in profile is used to identify the critical Reynolds number which marks the …

Application Of Autoencoders For Latent Pattern Analysis In Image Time Series, Jiena He

Sustainability and Social Justice

The Earth system is considered to possess certain modes - preferred patterns of variability that can represent the latent structure of the climate system, also known as teleconnections. There are approaches to discover these patterns, Principal Components Analysis and Empirical Orthogonal Teleconnection (EOT) analysis. However, while the latter is very effective, it is computationally intensive. An autoencoder is an unsupervised neural network that learns an efficient neural representation of input data. It is considered as a dimensionality reduction tool that is highly similar to PCA and EOT. The hidden layer of an autoencoder represents the most significant information of the …

Method Development For Identifying Counterfeit Cigarettes Using Environmental Pollen Analysis, Tiffany Chan

Student Theses

Cigarette counterfeiting negatively impacts government revenue and undermines tobacco control policies. Tracking geographical origins and potential trade routes of counterfeit cigarettes is important for investigation illegal trade in tobacco products. Traditional pollen extraction techniques provide clear residues of pollen trapped on tobacco leaves and used for geographical identification; however, such methods are time-consuming and utilize concentrated chemicals. This study developed a simple, fast and environmentally friendly method for extraction of pollen grains used in differentiating genuine and counterfeit cigarettes. Experimental factors that may affect pollen recovery including number of cigarettes, extraction solution, and extraction temperature, were optimized. The optimum parameters …

Countermovement Jump Assessment For Monitoring Prolonged Fatigue In Collegiate Female Soccer Players, Jeffrey A. Wilkins

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Females are 4 to 6 times more likely to sustain an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury than their male counterparts during running and cutting sports, such as soccer. This sex disparity is thought to result from altered lower limb neuromuscular control that females present when fatigued at the end of practice or games. Yet, current fatigue monitoring techniques typically vary in their reliability, applicability and efficiency. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test the feasibility of the countermovement jump (CMJ) to quickly and reliably monitor fatigue in female soccer athletes. Methods: Twenty-two (age: 19.3 ± 1.1 yrs, …

Digital Modeling Of Cultural Heritage Objects, Snehal Padhye, James Ferwerda

Frameless

Cultural heritage objects are a rich source of information about human history. Due to the physical nature of these often old and typically rare or unique objects, humanity is at risk of losing this history. Given their importance, preservation is an active area of interest in the research community. While, digitally capturing images of the objects is common practice, we propose a more comprehensive approach to preserving these objects. It involves creating digital models that represent both the three-dimensional shapes of the objects and the materials they are made of.

Analysis Of Biofilm Remediation Capacity For Octenyl Succinic Anhydride (Osa), A Bioactive Food Starch Modifier Compound, Matthew R. Borglin

Master's Theses

Matthew R. Borglin

This thesis demonstrates efficacy of Octenyl Succinic Anhydride (OSA), as a biofilm sanitizer. Biofilms allow bacteria to adhere to solid surfaces with the use of excreted polymeric compounds. For example, surfaces found in food production or processing facilities such as the interior of a raw milk holding tank, are some of the most susceptible to biofilm contamination. When present, biofilms can cause a variety of negative effects, which include; reduction of product shelf life, corrosion, and outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. The close association of biofilms with the majority of foodborne illness cases led the US Environmental Protection …

Towards Realism Interpretation Of Wave Mechanics Based On Maxwell Equations In Quaternion Space And Some Implications, Including Smarandache’S Hypothesis, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto, Yunita Umniyati

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Numerical Modeling Of Magnetic Fields For Mirror Neutron Search Experiment, Adam Johnston

Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee

This paper will outline the configuration of 3D magnetic field model simulated from electric current sources using MATLAB. The model is using 3D arrays allowing for quick and accurate numerical approximations of Bio-Savart integrals, of error < , modeling the behavior of a magnetic field due to current carrying wires. We will discuss the development of a 3D magnetic field configuration produced by the current carrying wires around a large 2.5 m diameter vacuum beam tube in the proposed mirror neutron search experiment at High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The simulations demonstrate that the magnetic field with uniformity better than ± 2.5 mG that will allow for optimal results in experiment within the controlled range of net magnetic field magnitudes |B| 500 mG and in the large vacuum tube along 20-m neutron flight path can be achieved for an approximately 6 cm radius section at the center of the tube.

Teaching And Learning Of Fluid Mechanics, Ashwin Vaidya

Department of Mathematics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Fluid mechanics occupies a privileged position in the sciences; it is taught in various science departments including physics, mathematics, environmental sciences and mechanical, chemical and civil engineering, with each highlighting a different aspect or interpretation of the foundation and applications of fluids. Doll’s fluid analogy [5] for this idea is especially relevant to this issue: “Emergence of creativity from complex flow of knowledge—example of Benard convection pattern as an analogy—dissipation or dispersal of knowledge (complex knowledge) results in emergent structures, i.e., creativity which in the context of education should be thought of as a unique way to arrange information so …

Book Genre Classification By Its Cover Using A Multi-View Learning Approach, Chandra Shakhar Kundu

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

An interesting topic in the visual analysis is to determine the genre of a book by its cover. The book cover is the very first communication to the reader which shapes the reader’s expectation about the type of the book. Each book cover is carefully designed by the cover designers and typographers to convey the visual representation of its content. In this study, we explore several different deep learning approaches for predicting the genre from the cover image alone, such as MobileNet V1, MobileNet V2, ResNet50, Inception V2. Moreover, we add an extra modality by extracting text from the cover …

The Disconnect Between Forensic Science And The Lawyers And Judges Who Represent It, Hannah Reidenbaugh

Graduate Student Research Symposium

The goal of this research is to demonstrate a knowledge gap in the forensic science education of lawyers. In law schools across the country, there is minimal curriculum requirements focused on educating law students in forensic science. Of the top 50 law schools in the U.S., 20% offer a forensic science elective. After the rigor of law school, there is no requirement set to educate lawyers in forensic science. In fact, based on survey responses, 51% of criminal lawyers do not take part in forensic science continuing education programs. Though educators as well as professionals have voiced the need for …

Advanced Computational Methodologies To Study Binding Free Energies Of Biomolecular Complexes, Rajat Kumar Pal

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Molecular recognition is the basis of biological mechanisms and is a key element to consider while formulating effective and safe drugs. Pharmaceutical drugs are designed so as to bind a target protein even at very low concentrations to alter the diseased conditions without interfering with normal biological processes. In a rational drug design process, this is achieved by acquiring information about the chemical structure and the physical and chemical properties of the target protein receptor to gain insights on how changing the chemical composition of the substrate drug could affect the protein-drug interaction and binding affinities. Computational models are used …

Neutroalgebra Is A Generalization Of Partial Algebra, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this paper we recall, improve, and extend several definitions, properties and applications of our previous 2019 research referred to NeutroAlgebras and AntiAlgebras (also called NeutroAlgebraic Structures and respectively AntiAlgebraic Structures). Let be an item (concept, attribute, idea, proposition, theory, etc.). Through the process of neutrosphication, we split the nonempty space we work on into three regions {two opposite ones corresponding to and , and one corresponding to neutral (indeterminate) (also denoted ) between the opposites}, which may or may not be disjoint – depending on the application, but they are exhaustive (their union equals the whole space). A NeutroAlgebra …

The Geometry Of The Orthological Triangles, Florentin Smarandache, Ion Patrascu

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Plants and trees grow perpendicular to the plane tangent to the soil surface, at the point of penetration into the soil; in vacuum, the bodies fall perpendicular to the surface of the Earth - in both cases, if the surface is horizontal. Starting from the property of two triangles to be orthological, the two authors have designed this work that seeks to provide an integrative image of elementary geometry by the prism of this "filter". Basically, the property of orthology is the skeleton of the present work, which establishes many connections of some theorems and geometric properties with it. The …

Quadruple Neutrosophic Theory And Applications Volume I, Florentin Smarandache, Memet Şahin, Vakkas Uluçay, Abdullah Kargin

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Neutrosophic set has been derived from a new branch of philosophy, namely Neutrosophy. Neutrosophic set is capable of dealing with uncertainty, indeterminacy and inconsistent information. Neutrosophic set approaches are suitable to modeling problems with uncertainty, indeterminacy and inconsistent information in which human knowledge is necessary, and human evaluation is needed. Neutrosophic set theory firstly proposed in 1998 by Florentin Smarandache, who also developed the concept of single valued neutrosophic set, oriented towards real world scientific and engineering applications. Since then, the single valued neutrosophic set theory has been extensively studied in books and monographs introducing neutrosophic sets and its applications, …

Three Possible Applications Of Neutrosophic Logic In Fundamental And Applied Sciences, Victor Christianto, Robert Neil Boyd, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In Neutrosophic Logic, a basic assertion is that there are variations of about everything that we can measure; the variations surround three parameters called T,I,F (truth, indeterminacy, falsehood) which can take a range of values. This paper shortly reviews the links among aether and matter creation from the perspective of Neutrosophic Logic. Once we accept the existence of aether as physical medium, then we can start to ask on what causes matter ejection, as observed in various findings related to quasars etc. One particular cosmology model known as VMH (variable mass hypothesis) has been suggested by notable astrophysicists like Halton …

How We Can Extend The Standard Deviation Notion With Neutrosophic Interval And Quadruple Neutrosophic Numbers, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache, Muhammad Aslam

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

During scientific demonstrating of genuine specialized framework we can meet any sort and rate model vulnerability. Its reasons can be incognizance of modelers or information mistake. In this way, characterization of vulnerabilities, as for their sources, recognizes aleatory and epistemic ones. The aleatory vulnerability is an inalienable information variety related with the researched framework or its condition. Epistemic one is a vulnerability that is because of an absence of information on amounts or procedures of the framework or the earth [7]. Right now, we examine fourfold neutrosophic numbers and their potential application for practical displaying of physical frameworks, particularly in …

Climate Change Models, Lauren Fie

Capstone Showcase

As a result of the changing climate, global temperatures and global mean sea levels (GMSL) have been increasing rapidly. The complex physical systems surrounding this growth make it difficult to form an accurate model. This paper looks at a simplified model proposed and supported by Aral, Guan, and Chang. This model consists of a system of ordinary differential equations that are simplified and solved theoretically, then applied using python to calculate precise values and form predictions.

Evaluating The Accuracy Of Firearm Examiner Conclusions Using Cartridge Case Reproductions, Eric Freeman Law

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The forensic science pattern comparison areas, including fingerprints, footwear, and firearms, have been criticized for their subjective nature. While much research has attempted to move these disciplines to more objective methods, a majority of examiners are still coming to conclusions based on their own training and experience. To compare accuracy between examiners, a method called double-casting was used in this study to create plastic cartridge case reproductions. In the first part of this study, double-cast accuracy was evaluated using two automated comparison systems to quantify the similarity. It was determined that the double-casting method used here produces accurate reproductions with …

Modeling The Evolution Of Barrier Islands, Greg Robson

Theses and Dissertations

Barrier islands form off the shore of many coastal areas and serve as the first line of defense, protecting littoral communities against storms. To study the effects that climate change has on barrier islands, we use a cellular model of wind erosion, surface dynamics, beach dynamics, marsh dynamics, and vegetation development. We will show the inhibition of movement when vegetation is present.

Inventory Models For Perishable Items Under Markdown Policy, Nurzahara Atika Kamaruzaman

Student Works (2020-2029)

As expected, the demand for a fresh product depends on how fresh it is, therefore, it is important to take expiration date into consideration. Based on marketing and economic theory, several factors such as price, inventory level and advertisement play a crucial role in influencing the demand. Hence, we study the effect of these factors in influencing the demand in the inventory model. Since the demand for perishable product declines over time, markdown policy is offered to increase the demand and profit while reducing the inventory. Salvage value is incorporated to the deteriorating units. In this research, we extend previous …

Bifurcation Analysis For Prey-Predator Model With Holling Type Iii Functional Response Incorporating Prey Refuge, Lazaar Oussama, Mustapha Serhani

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, we carried out the bifurcation analysis for a Lotka-Volterra prey-predator model with Holling type III functional response incorporating prey refuge protecting a constant proportion of the preys. We study the local bifurcation considering the refuge constant as a parameter. From the center manifold equation, we establish a transcritical bifurcation for the boundary equilibrium. In addition, we prove the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation for the homogeneous equilibrium. Moreover, we give the radius and period of the unique limit cycle for our system

On The Weighted Pseudo Almost Periodic Solutions Of Nicholson’S Blowflies Equation, Ramazan Yazgan, Cemil Tunç

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This study is concerned with the existence, uniqueness and global exponential stability of weighted pseudo almost periodic solutions of a generalized Nicholson’s blowflies equation with mixed delays. Using some differential inequalities and a fixed point theorem, sufficient conditions were obtained for the existence, uniqueness of at the least a weighted pseudo almost periodic solutions and global exponential stability of this solution. The results of this study are new and complementary to the previous ones can be found in the literature. At the end of the study an example is given to show the accuracy of our results.

Dynamics In A Respiratory Control Model With Two Delays, Saroj P. Pradhan, Ferenc Hartung, Janos Turi

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper we study ventilation patterns in a set of parameter dependent nonlinear delay equations with two transport delays modeling the human respiratory control system with peripheral and central control loops. We present a convergent numerical scheme suitable to perform simulations when all disturbances and system parameters are known, then we consider the numerical identifiability of various system parameters based on ventilation data. We are especially interested in the identification of the transport delays in the control loops because these parameters are not measurable directly, but they have a strong influence on system stability/instability.

Understanding The Fundamental Molecular Mechanism Of Osteogenic Differentiation From Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Imelda Trejo, Hristo V. Kojouharov

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

A mathematical model is presented to study the regulatory effects of growth factors in osteoblastogenesis. The model incorporates the interactions among mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and growth factors. The resulting system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is studied analytically and numerically. Mathematical conditions for successful osteogenic differentiation and optimal osteoblasts population are formulated, which can be used in practice to accelerate bone formation. Numerical simulations are also presented to support the theoretical results and to explore different medical interventions to enhance osteoblastogenesis.