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2021

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Articles 211 - 240 of 1742

Full-Text Articles in Chemistry

Preparation Of Modified Titanium Based Pbo2 Electrode And Its Rapid Detection Of Cod, Qi Sun, Yan-He Han, Xiao-Lu Fu Oct 2021

Preparation Of Modified Titanium Based Pbo2 Electrode And Its Rapid Detection Of Cod, Qi Sun, Yan-He Han, Xiao-Lu Fu

Journal of Electrochemistry

In the traditional Ti/β-PbO2 electrode, the crystal lattice difference between β-PbO2 and Ti matrix is large, and the prepared electrode is easy to fall off and has a short service life. It needs to be modified in actual use. Based on the advantages of α-PbO2 material and Ag material in terms of adhesion and conductivity, respectively, the above two materials are selected as the intermediate layer of Ti/β-PbO2 electrode to improve electrode performance. In this paper, by preparing Ti/α/β-PbO2 and Ti/Ag/β-PbO2 electrodes …

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Pair Distribution Function Analysis And Electrochemical Performance Of Mesoporous Carbon Nanomaterials Synthesized Through Koh And Zncl2 Activation, Talam E. Kibona, Sarah Frisco, Maxwell W. Terban Oct 2021

Pair Distribution Function Analysis And Electrochemical Performance Of Mesoporous Carbon Nanomaterials Synthesized Through Koh And Zncl2 Activation, Talam E. Kibona, Sarah Frisco, Maxwell W. Terban

Tanzania Journal of Science

Mesoporous carbon has been synthesized by activating carbonized biogas slurry residues with ZnCl2 and KOH simultaneously. The carbon to activating agent mass ratios were kept at 1:4, while the ZnCl2 to KOH mass ratio varied from 4:0, 3:1, 2:2, 1:3, to 0:4. The highest BET specific surface area of 361 m2 g-1, micropore surface area of 231 m2 g‒1, mesopore surface area of 125 m2 g‒1, and total pore volume of 0.23 cm3 g‒1 which amounted to 78% mesopore content, were obtained for the sample with 3:1 ZnCl2 to KOH mass ratio. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were acquired to …

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Performance And Mechanism Of PtXCuY/C Electrocatalyst For Methanol Oxidation, Jia Tang, Xiao-Ming Zhang, Shan-Sheng Yu, Su-Li Wang, Gong-Quan Sun Oct 2021

Performance And Mechanism Of PtXCuY/C Electrocatalyst For Methanol Oxidation, Jia Tang, Xiao-Ming Zhang, Shan-Sheng Yu, Su-Li Wang, Gong-Quan Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), which directly converts the chemical energy of methanol fuel into electrical energy, has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, environmental friendliness, and abundance of fuel sources. DMFC is considered as the promising substitutes in the field of portable devices, military applications, and stationary power stations, while the broad application is severely hindered by the sluggish kinetic of methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in the anode and the high cost of platinum (Pt)-based anodic electrocatalysts. Herein, a series of carbon supported PtxCuy (PtxCuy/C) binary metal electrocatalysts, featured with high …

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Synthesis Of Nickel Phosphide/Nitrogen Phosphorus Co-Doped Carbon And Its Application In Lithium Ion Batteries, Jian Hu, Yan-Shuang Meng, Qian-Ru Hu Oct 2021

Synthesis Of Nickel Phosphide/Nitrogen Phosphorus Co-Doped Carbon And Its Application In Lithium Ion Batteries, Jian Hu, Yan-Shuang Meng, Qian-Ru Hu

Journal of Electrochemistry

In recent years, the nickel-based phosphide has drawn great attention because of its low intercalation/deintercalation platform and lower polarization compared to sulfides and oxides as anodes for next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries. The Ni2P anode can deliver high theoretical specific capacity of 542 mAh·g-1, but it subject to a conversion reaction mechanism, which make them unsuitable for commercial applications. The agglomeration of Ni2P nanoparticles during material fabrication and the structural deterioration of electrode associated with large volume change during charge-discharge process lead to poor cycle stability and low utilization of active materials. Meanwhile, the low …

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Electrochemical Synthesis Of P-(Β-Hydroxyethyl Sulfone) Aniline, Hao Guo, Dong-Fang Niu, Shuo-Zhen Hu, Xin-Sheng Zhang Oct 2021

Electrochemical Synthesis Of P-(Β-Hydroxyethyl Sulfone) Aniline, Hao Guo, Dong-Fang Niu, Shuo-Zhen Hu, Xin-Sheng Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Para-ester is the most important intermediate for the preparation of ethylene sulfone type reactive dyes, which is usually used in the dyeing of cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers. P-(β-hydroxyethyl sulfone) aniline is an important intermediate for the synthesis of para-ester. In this paper, p-(β-hydroxyethyl sulfone) aniline was prepared by electrochemical method, having the advantages of simple process, mild reaction condition, less environmental pollution, easy reaction control and so on. It has strong development potential and industrial application prospect. The electrochemical reduction of p-nitrophenyl-β-hydroxyethyl sulfone on a lead plate electrode to prepare p-(β-hydroxyethyl …

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Fundamentals Of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy For Macrohomogeneous Porous Electrodes, Xiang Li, Qiu-An Huang, Wei-Heng Li, Yu-Xuan Bai, Jia Wang, Yang Liu, Yu-Feng Zhao, Juan Wang, Jiu-Jun Zhang Oct 2021

Fundamentals Of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy For Macrohomogeneous Porous Electrodes, Xiang Li, Qiu-An Huang, Wei-Heng Li, Yu-Xuan Bai, Jia Wang, Yang Liu, Yu-Feng Zhao, Juan Wang, Jiu-Jun Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can be used to diagnose charge transfer reactions and mass transport in porous electrodes. The charge transfer reactions include interfacial charge accumulation and charge conduction as well as electrochemical reaction. In this paper, the complex phasor method is developed under the macrohomogeneous assumption to build an impedance model of porous electrodes for clarifying several vague expressions in the traditional approaches. The following researches are carried out: (1) Identifying characteristic parameters for the porous electrodes, including electrode electronic conductivity σ1, electrolyte ionic conductivity σ2, interface charge transfer conductivity gct, unit area …

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Numerical Study On The Influences Of Flow Channel And Rib Width Ratio On The Performance Of Gas Diffusion Layer, Rong-Qiang Wei, Shi-An Li, Yi-Hui Liu, Zhi Yang, Qiu-Wan Shen, Guo-Gang Yang Oct 2021

Numerical Study On The Influences Of Flow Channel And Rib Width Ratio On The Performance Of Gas Diffusion Layer, Rong-Qiang Wei, Shi-An Li, Yi-Hui Liu, Zhi Yang, Qiu-Wan Shen, Guo-Gang Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has the advantages of low noise, high power density, and zero emission. It is widely used in ships, automobiles, aviation and other fields. PEMFC is composed of bipolar plate (BP), gas diffusion layer (GDL), catalytic layer (CL) and proton exchange membrane (PEM). GDL has a supporting catalytic layer and proton exchange membrane, which provides gas diffusion for the reaction and a channel for the reaction to produce water, and transmits the anodic oxidation reaction. In the assembly of fuel cells, a certain assembly pressure is required to ensure air-tightness and effective conductivity. The assembly …

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Application Of Ti/Ruo2-Iro2-Sno2-Sb2O5 Anode In Rural Drinking Water Disinfection, Jing-Ru Guo, Xue-Jiao Zhang, Shuai Liao, Xue-Ming Chen Oct 2021

Application Of Ti/Ruo2-Iro2-Sno2-Sb2O5 Anode In Rural Drinking Water Disinfection, Jing-Ru Guo, Xue-Jiao Zhang, Shuai Liao, Xue-Ming Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Sodium hypochlorite disinfection has many advantages, including reliable operation, low cost, easily available raw materials. It is, therefore, suitable for disinfection of drinking water in remote rural areas. The service life and chlorine evolution efficiency of the anode are the main factors restricting the performance of the sodium hypochlorite generator. The special conditions of frequent shutdown and low electrolyte concentration in the rural drinking water application also put forward high requirements on the performance of the anode. In this study, Ti/RuO2-IrO2-SnO2-Sb2O5,a new-type and efficient chlorine evolution anode, was prepared by …

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Study On Improving The Production Of Ammonium Persulfate By Ion Membrane Electrolysis, Yi-Hang Qu, Min Cui, Cong Zhang, Chong Li, Peng Li, Ju-Jie Ren Oct 2021

Study On Improving The Production Of Ammonium Persulfate By Ion Membrane Electrolysis, Yi-Hang Qu, Min Cui, Cong Zhang, Chong Li, Peng Li, Ju-Jie Ren

Journal of Electrochemistry

In china, the production of ammonium persulfate in factories mostly adopts the electrolysis method with simple process and high purity. However, there exists the problem of high energy consumption in the electrolysis process, which restricts the further development of ammonium persulfate in many fields. Aiming at this phenomenon, the equipment and technology to produce ammonium persulfate using electrolysis were designed and studied in order to reduce energy consumption. A new type of zero-pole distance and ion-exchange membrane industrial electrolytic cell was provided for the electrolysis production of ammonium persulfate. An ion-exchange membrane was used to separate the electrolytic cell into …

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Mathematical Expression And Quantitative Analysis Of Impedance Spectrum On The Interface Of Glassy Carbon Electrode, Lei Cheng, Pu-Xuan Yan, You-Jun Fan, Hua-Hong Zou, Hong Liang Oct 2021

Mathematical Expression And Quantitative Analysis Of Impedance Spectrum On The Interface Of Glassy Carbon Electrode, Lei Cheng, Pu-Xuan Yan, You-Jun Fan, Hua-Hong Zou, Hong Liang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is a common basic electrode for various electrochemical sensors, and the detection properties are determined by its interfacial characteristics. In this paper, we established an equivalent circuit including electrolyte resistance (Rel), charge transport resistance (Rct), diffusion impedance (Rdi, Cdi), electrochemical (oxidation/reduction) reaction impedance (RR, CR), surface adsorption impedance (Rads , Cads), double-layer capacitance (CDL), and derived the mathematical expression for the equivalent circuit. The Rel and CDL are contributed by inactive …

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A Nosy Neighbor: Purification And Functional Characterization Of Lpg2149, Ashley M. Holahan Oct 2021

A Nosy Neighbor: Purification And Functional Characterization Of Lpg2149, Ashley M. Holahan

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Ubiquitination is a process that marks proteins for various cell-signaling pathways, namely protein degradation and other processes. Th ese pathways are essential in a wide array of cellular processes, including defense mechanisms against invading pathogens. Th e ubiquitination process is universally found in all eukaryotic organisms, including plants and animals, and thus plays a vital role in cellular homeostasis. Recently, more discoveries have been made on prokaryotic effector proteins that hijack the ubiquitination system even when they do not possess a ubiquitin system of their own. MavC, also known as lpg2147 (Gan, Nakayasu, Hollenbeck, & Luo, 2019; Puvar et al., …

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Effects Of Nitrate On Arsenic Mobilization During Aquifer Storage And Recovery, Hania Hawasli Oct 2021

Effects Of Nitrate On Arsenic Mobilization During Aquifer Storage And Recovery, Hania Hawasli

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Aquifer storage and recovery technology is used to sustain water resources and to prevent saltwater intrusion. The injected water can come from various resources, including treated wastewater. In pilot ASR studies in the Tampa Bay region, researchers found high As concentrations in the recovered water from the oxidation of the arsenopyrite that is embedded in the aquifers. The presence of dissolved O2 in the injected water is a major factor in the arsenopyrite oxidation during ASR, however the effects of NO3- on the arsenopyrite has not been studied yet. This is an important knowledge gap because injected water may contain …

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Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Measurements May Provide An Incomplete View Of Protein Dynamics: A Case Study On Cytochrome, Pablo M Scrosati, Victor Yin, Lars Konermann Oct 2021

Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Measurements May Provide An Incomplete View Of Protein Dynamics: A Case Study On Cytochrome, Pablo M Scrosati, Victor Yin, Lars Konermann

Chemistry Publications

Many aspects of protein function rely on conformational fluctuations. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry (MS) provides a window into these dynamics. Despite the widespread use of HDX-MS, it remains unclear whether this technique provides a truly comprehensive view of protein dynamics. HDX is mediated by H-bond-opening/closing events, implying that HDX methods provide an H-bond-centric view. This raises the question if there could be fluctuations that leave the H-bond network unaffected, thereby rendering them undetectable by HDX-MS. We explore this issue in experiments on cytochrome

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Post-Polymerization ‘Click’ End-Capping Of Polyglyoxylate Self-Immolative Polymers, Peter G. Maschmeyer, Xiaoli Liang, Allison Hung, Oksana Ahmadzai, Annmaree L. Kenny, Yuan C. Luong, Timothy N. Forder, Haoxiang Zeng, Elizabeth R. Gillies, Derrick A. Roberts Oct 2021

Post-Polymerization ‘Click’ End-Capping Of Polyglyoxylate Self-Immolative Polymers, Peter G. Maschmeyer, Xiaoli Liang, Allison Hung, Oksana Ahmadzai, Annmaree L. Kenny, Yuan C. Luong, Timothy N. Forder, Haoxiang Zeng, Elizabeth R. Gillies, Derrick A. Roberts

Chemistry Publications

No abstract provided.

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Bioadhesives, Mark Alan Helle, Chin Li Cheung Oct 2021

Bioadhesives, Mark Alan Helle, Chin Li Cheung

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Materials and methods for preparing reactive lignin and for preparing a bio - based adhesive are described herein.

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Organic Synthesis, Kevin M. Shea, Libretext Oct 2021

Organic Synthesis, Kevin M. Shea, Libretext

Open Educational Resources: Textbooks

My goal in writing this text is to help advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students learn key topics in organic chemistry that often don't come up in your Organic I and II classes. So, you can think about this as an Organic III text. My focus is on key reaction types that enable the construction of complex organic molecules: pericyclic reactions, transition metal catalyzed reactions, rearrangements, fragmentations, radical reactions, and carbene reactions. I hope that this text is a resource that helps you understand the mechanisms of these reactions and enables you to use these reactions in your own syntheses. …

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Lateral Growth Of Xenon Hydrate Films On Mica, Avinash Kumar Both, Chin Li Cheung Oct 2021

Lateral Growth Of Xenon Hydrate Films On Mica, Avinash Kumar Both, Chin Li Cheung

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

In this paper, we report an in situ optical microscopy study of lateral growth of xenon (Xe) hydrate thin films on mica at sub-zero temperatures. The interactions between a solid surface and water molecules can strongly affect the alignment of water molecules and induce ice-like ordered structures within the water layer at the water-surface interface. Mica was chosen as a model surface to study the surface effect of hydrophilic sheet silicates on the lateral growth of Xe hydrate films. Under the experimental conditions, the lateral growth of Xe hydrate films was measured to be at an average rapid rate of …

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National Chemistry Week: From Irl To The Web, Ilayda Kelley, Daniela Mesa Sanchez Oct 2021

National Chemistry Week: From Irl To The Web, Ilayda Kelley, Daniela Mesa Sanchez

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

National Chemistry Week, an outreach program initiated by the American Chemical Society (ACS), encourages scientists to bring their love of chemistry to their community. Celebrated nationwide, ACS invites businesses, schools, and individuals to organize and participate in community events to promote the value of chemistry in everyday life. The Purdue graduate student chapter of Iota Sigma Pi, a national honor society for women in chemistry, annually organizes one such celebration. On a normal year, this event is a large logistical undertaking in which 100+ volunteers go directly to over 70 local elementary school classrooms and perform a series of activities …

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Synergistic Anticancer Response Of Curcumin And Piperine Loaded Lignin-G-P (Nipam-Co-Dmaema) Gold Nanogels Against Glioblastoma Multiforme, Xinyi Zhao, Bilal Javad, Daxing Cui, James Curtin, Furong Tian Oct 2021

Synergistic Anticancer Response Of Curcumin And Piperine Loaded Lignin-G-P (Nipam-Co-Dmaema) Gold Nanogels Against Glioblastoma Multiforme, Xinyi Zhao, Bilal Javad, Daxing Cui, James Curtin, Furong Tian

Articles

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and commonly diag- 11 nosed brain cancer and presents a strong resistance to routine chemotherapeutic drugs. 12 The present study involves the synthesis of Lignin-g- p (NIPAM-co-DMAEMA) gold 13 nanogel, loaded with curcumin and piperine to treat GBM. The application has three 14 functions: (1) overcome the limitations of biodistribution, (2) enhance the toxicity of an- 15 ticancer drugs against GBM, (3) identify the uptake pathway. Atom transfer radical 16 polymerization was used to synthesize the Lignin-g-PNIPAM network, crosslinked with 17 the gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to self-assemble into nanogels. The size distribution and …

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Self-Immolative Dendron Hydrogels, Karanpreet Gill, Xueli Mei, Elizabeth Gillies Oct 2021

Self-Immolative Dendron Hydrogels, Karanpreet Gill, Xueli Mei, Elizabeth Gillies

Chemistry Publications

Smart hydrogels are of great interest in areas such as drug delivery and sensing. Dendrimer-based hydrogels can exhibit tunable properties due to their structural precision. We prepared hydrogels from self-immolative dendrons. Controlled hydrogel degradation in response to light was demonstrated and the hydrogel properties as a function of dendron generation were compared.

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Systematic Evaluation Of A Novel Self-Healing Poly(Acrylamide-Co-Vinyl Acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel For Fluid Flow Control In High Temperature And High Salinity Reservoirs, Jingyang Pu, Baojun Bai, Thomas P. Schuman Oct 2021

Systematic Evaluation Of A Novel Self-Healing Poly(Acrylamide-Co-Vinyl Acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel For Fluid Flow Control In High Temperature And High Salinity Reservoirs, Jingyang Pu, Baojun Bai, Thomas P. Schuman

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Preferential fluid flow often occurs when water and CO2 is injected into mature oilfields, sig-nificantly reducing their injection efficiency. Particle gels have been evaluated and applied to control the short circulation problems. This study systematically investigated a novel poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/alginate-based interpenetrated gel system (Alg-IPNG) which is designed to control the preferential fluid flow problems in high-temperature reservoirs. Chromium acetate was incorporated into the gel system to provide the delayed crosslinking feature of the particle gels. The alginate polymer system can also take advantage of the Ca2+ ions in the formation water, which exist in most reservoirs, to reinforce …

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Cyclic Peptide-Gadolinium Nanocomplexes As Sirna Delivery Tools, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Muhammad Imran Sajid, Dindyal Mandal, David Stickley, Stephanie Nagasawa, Joshua Long, Sandeep Lohan, Keykavous Parang, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari Oct 2021

Cyclic Peptide-Gadolinium Nanocomplexes As Sirna Delivery Tools, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Muhammad Imran Sajid, Dindyal Mandal, David Stickley, Stephanie Nagasawa, Joshua Long, Sandeep Lohan, Keykavous Parang, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

We have recently reported that a cyclic peptide containing five tryptophan, five arginine, and one cysteine amino acids [(WR)5C], was able to produce peptide-capped gadolinium nanoparticles, [(WR)5C]-GdNPs, in the range of 240 to 260 nm upon mixing with an aqueous solution of GdCl3. Herein, we report [(WR)5C]-GdNPs as an efficient siRNA delivery system. The peptide-based gadolinium nanoparticles (50 µM) did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity (~93% cell viability at 50 µM) in human leukemia T lymphoblast cells (CCRF-CEM) and triple-negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) after 48 h. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis indicated …

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The Ion Pair Thermal Model Of Maldi Ms, Shiyue Fang Oct 2021

The Ion Pair Thermal Model Of Maldi Ms, Shiyue Fang

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

The ion pair thermal model for MALDI MS is described. Key elements of the model include thermal desorption and ionization, strong tendency to neutralization via ion pair formation and proton transfer in the gas phase, thermal equilibrium, overall charge neutral plume, and thermal energy assisted free ion generation via ion pair separation by ion extraction potential. The quantities of ions in the solid sample and in the gaseous plume are estimated. Ion yields of different classes of molecules including peptides, nucleic acids, permanent salts and neutral molecules are estimated at the macroscale and single ion pair levels. The estimated ion …

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Evaluating Halogen-Bond Strength As A Function Of Molecular Structure Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy And Computational Analysis, Quang Minh Dang, Jeffrey H. Simpson, Carol A. Parish, Michael C. Leopold Oct 2021

Evaluating Halogen-Bond Strength As A Function Of Molecular Structure Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy And Computational Analysis, Quang Minh Dang, Jeffrey H. Simpson, Carol A. Parish, Michael C. Leopold

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Halogen bonding (XB) is a highly directional, non-covalent intermolecular interaction between a molecule (XB donor) presenting a halogen with an electron-deficient region or sigma hole (σ-hole) and an electron-rich or Lewis-base molecule (XB acceptor). A systematic, experimental, and theoretical study of solution-phase XB strength as a function of the molecular structure for both XB donor and acceptor molecules is presented. The impact of specific structural features is assessed using 19F and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) titrations to determine association constants, density functional theory calculations for interaction energies and bond lengths, as well as 19F–1H …

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Designed, Highly Expressing, Thermostable Dengue Virus 2 Envelope Protein Dimers Elicit Quaternary Epitope Antibodies, Stephen T. Kudlacek, Stefan Metz, Devina Thiono, Alexander M. Payne, Thanh T.N. Phan, Shaomin Tian, Lawrence J. Forsberg, Jack Mcguire, Ian Selm, Shu Zhang, Ashutosh Tripathy, Joseph S. Harrison, Nathan I. Niceley, Sandrine Soman, Michael K. Mccracken, Gregory D. Gromowski, Richard G. Jarman, Lakshmanane Premkumar, Aravinda M. De Silva, Brian Kuhlman Oct 2021

Designed, Highly Expressing, Thermostable Dengue Virus 2 Envelope Protein Dimers Elicit Quaternary Epitope Antibodies, Stephen T. Kudlacek, Stefan Metz, Devina Thiono, Alexander M. Payne, Thanh T.N. Phan, Shaomin Tian, Lawrence J. Forsberg, Jack Mcguire, Ian Selm, Shu Zhang, Ashutosh Tripathy, Joseph S. Harrison, Nathan I. Niceley, Sandrine Soman, Michael K. Mccracken, Gregory D. Gromowski, Richard G. Jarman, Lakshmanane Premkumar, Aravinda M. De Silva, Brian Kuhlman

College of the Pacific Faculty Articles

Dengue virus (DENV) is a worldwide health burden, and a safe vaccine is needed. Neutralizing antibodies bind to quaternary epitopes on DENV envelope (E) protein homodimers. However, recombinantly expressed soluble E proteins are monomers under vaccination conditions and do not present these quaternary epitopes, partly explaining their limited success as vaccine antigens. Using molecular modeling, we found DENV2 E protein mutations that induce dimerization at low concentrations (<100 pM) and enhance production yield by more than 50-fold. Cross-dimer epitope antibodies bind to the stabilized dimers, and a crystal structure resembles the wild-type (WT) E protein bound to a dimer epitope antibody. Mice immunized with the stabilized dimers developed antibodies that bind to E dimers and not monomers and elicited higher levels of DENV2-neutralizing antibodies compared to mice immunized with WT E antigen. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of using structure-based design to produce subunit vaccines for dengue and other flaviviruses.

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Rapid Analysis Of Adp-Ribosylation Dynamics And Site-Specificity Using Tlc-Maldi, Sean R. Wallace, Leila Y. Chihab, Miles Yamasaki, Braden T. Yoshinaga Oct 2021

Rapid Analysis Of Adp-Ribosylation Dynamics And Site-Specificity Using Tlc-Maldi, Sean R. Wallace, Leila Y. Chihab, Miles Yamasaki, Braden T. Yoshinaga

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, PARPs, transfer ADP-ribose onto target proteins from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Current mass spectrometric analytical methods require proteolysis of target proteins, limiting the study of dynamic ADP-ribosylation on contiguous proteins. Herein, we present a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) method that facilitates multisite analysis of ADP-ribosylation. We observe divergent ADP-ribosylation dynamics for the catalytic domains of PARPs 14 and 15, with PARP15 modifying more sites on itself (+3–4 ADP-ribose) than the closely related PARP14 protein (+1–2 ADP-ribose)─despite similar numbers of potential modification sites. We identify, for the first time, a minimal peptide fragment (18 amino-acids) that is preferentially …

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Scaffold-Based [Fe]-Hydrogenase Model: H2 Activation Initiates Fe(0)-Hydride Extrusion And Non-Biomimetic Hydride Transfer, S. A. Kerns, J. Seo, V. M. Lynch, Jason M. Shearer, S. T. Goralski, E. R. Sullivan, M. J. Rose Oct 2021

Scaffold-Based [Fe]-Hydrogenase Model: H2 Activation Initiates Fe(0)-Hydride Extrusion And Non-Biomimetic Hydride Transfer, S. A. Kerns, J. Seo, V. M. Lynch, Jason M. Shearer, S. T. Goralski, E. R. Sullivan, M. J. Rose

Chemistry Faculty Research

We report the synthesis and reactivity of a model of [Fe]-hydrogenase derived from an anthracene-based scaffold that includes the endogenous, organometallic acyl(methylene) donor. In comparison to other non-scaffolded acyl-containing complexes, the complex described herein retains molecularly well-defined chemistry upon addition of multiple equivalents of exogenous base. Clean deprotonation of the acyl(methylene) C-H bond with a phenolate base results in the formation of a dimeric motif that contains a new Fe-C(methine) bond resulting from coordination of the deprotonated methylene unit to an adjacent iron center. This effective second carbanion in the ligand framework was demonstrated to drive heterolytic H2 activation …

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Chitosan Graphene Composite Fabrication And Characterization For Treatment Of Harmful Algal Blooms And Toxins, Sarah Zetterholm Oct 2021

Chitosan Graphene Composite Fabrication And Characterization For Treatment Of Harmful Algal Blooms And Toxins, Sarah Zetterholm

Master's Theses

Chitosan graphene composites were fabricated and characterized as a management strategy for harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by various species of cyanobacteria. These chitosan graphene materials were compared to previously studied chitosan graphene-oxide composites in both material properties and HAB treatment. In previous studies, adsorption of the cyanobacteria onto the surface of the composite materials has been observed. Investigations of the pure materials for these composites are also included in this study to determine whether removal is a result of charge interactions with the composite, or as an inherent property of the graphene or graphene oxide. Initial results suggest that …

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Comparison Of Design Approaches For Low-Cost Sampling Mechanisms In Open-Source Chemical Instrumentation, Greggory Murray, Samuel Bednarski, Michael Hall, Samuel W. Foster, Sijun Jin, Joshua J. Davis, Wei Xue, Eric Constans, James P. Grinias Oct 2021

Comparison Of Design Approaches For Low-Cost Sampling Mechanisms In Open-Source Chemical Instrumentation, Greggory Murray, Samuel Bednarski, Michael Hall, Samuel W. Foster, Sijun Jin, Joshua J. Davis, Wei Xue, Eric Constans, James P. Grinias

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Robotic positioning systems are used in a variety of chemical instruments, primarily for liquid handling purposes, such as autosamplers from vials or well plates. Here, two approaches to the design of open-source autosampler positioning systems for use with 96-well plates are described and compared. The first system, a 3-axis design similar to many low-cost 3D printers that are available on the market, is constructed using an aluminum frame and stepper motors. The other system relies upon a series of 3D printed parts to achieve movement with a series of linker arms based on Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm (SCARA) design …

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New Approach For Assigning Mean Oxidation Number Of Carbons To Organonitrogen And Organosulfur Compounds, Pong Kau Yuen, Cheng Man Diana Lau Oct 2021

New Approach For Assigning Mean Oxidation Number Of Carbons To Organonitrogen And Organosulfur Compounds, Pong Kau Yuen, Cheng Man Diana Lau

Faculty Publications

Organonitrogen and organosulfur compounds are abundant in the natural environment. To understand the biological redox pathways properly, it is important for learners to be able to count the oxidation number of organic carbons. However, the process of counting is not always easy. In addition, organonitrogen and organosulfur molecules are seldom studied. To compensate these problems, this paper explores the bonddividing method, which can effectively determine the mean oxidation number of carbons of organonitrogen and organosulfur molecules. This method uses the cleavage of carbon-sulfur and carbon-nitrogen bonds to obtain the organic and inorganic fragments. The mean oxidation numbers of carbon atoms, …

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