Chemistry Commons^™

The Development Of Novel Carbohydrate-Based Gelators And Their Applications As Advanced Soft Materials, Joedian Morris

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) are attractive molecules that have been explored extensively due to their practical applications in many disciplines. These small molecules self-assemble forming solid-like gels via three-dimensional cross-linked networks with the solvent as the key component within the matrix. Carbohydrate-based LMWGs are small molecules that can form solid-like gels in water, organic solvents, and aqueous solutions. They have great potential to be utilized in different applications because carbohydrates are biocompatible and can be made from easily accessible and renewable resources. Designing gelators is still a challenge within the field, even though researchers have developed tools to predict …

Enhancing The Intracellular Availability Of Protein Cargoes In Polymer-Mediated Delivery, Christopher R. Hango

Doctoral Dissertations

Protein drugs, including antibodies, are rapidly emerging as the top-selling pharmaceuticals worldwide owing to their unparalleled specificity and biocompatibility. However, none of the currently-approved protein therapeutics act intracellularly, despite the vast majority of potential drug targets residing within the cell. This is due mainly to the paramount challenge of transporting hydrophilic macromolecular cargoes across the plasma membrane. As such, effective protein carriers are essential for the advancement of modern medicine. Despite significant advances, many challenges still plague protein delivery. Following membrane transduction, delivery vectors must preserve the structure and activity of their cargoes while transporting them to the correct subcellular …

End Group Modification Of Linear Dendritic Block Copolymers (Ldbcs), Chinwe Udemgba

Honors Theses

Linear dendritic block copolymers are amphiphilic molecules that consist of a dendritic hydrophilic portion and a linear hydrophobic portion. Its unique ability to self-assemble into spherical nanoaggregates while having the potential to uptake and transport both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs makes these polymers an item of interest in regard to the drug delivery field. The synthesis of polyamidoamine-polylactide linear dendritic block copolymers was designed to address the common issues in drug delivery systems, including problems in permeability, solubility, stability, specificity, and retention. Though this linear dendritic block copolymer has previously been synthesized in our lab with cationic amine surface functionalities, …

Development Of Biomaterials For Drug Delivery, Raquel De Castro

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Drug delivery systems (DDS) have highly evolved in the last decades with the development of hydrogels and nanoparticles. However, high systemic uptake, side effects, low bioavailability, and encapsulation efficiency continue to be a major hurdle faced by such DDSs.

Nanoparticles and hydrogels can be specifically designed for targeted DDSs to mitigate some of the problems. This dissertation aimed to design two DDSs for ocular drug delivery and one for cancer treatment. The first project sought to develop chitosan nanoparticles (Cs-NP) using PEGDA as a copolymer to encapsulate gentamicin (GtS) for ocular drug delivery. Cs-NPs contain positive charges that can interact …

Polymer Particles For The Intra-Articular Delivery Of Drugs To Treat Osteoarthritis, Xueli Mei, Ian J. Villamagna, Tony Nguyen, Frank Beier, C. Thomas Appleton, Elizabeth R. Gillies

Chemistry Publications

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of chronic disability. It is a progressive disease, involving pathological changes to the entire joint, resulting in joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and loss of mobility. There is currently no disease-modifying pharmaceutical treatment for OA, and the treatments that do exist suffer from significant side effects. An increasing understanding of the molecular pathways involved in OA is leading to many potential drug targets. However, both current and new therapies can benefit from a targeted approach that delivers drugs selectively to joints at therapeutic concentrations, while limiting systemic exposure to the drugs. Delivery systems including hydrogels, …

Ph-Sensitive Chitosan Nanoparticles For Salivary Protein Delivery, Yi Zhu, Lina M. Marin, Yizhi Xiao, Elizabeth R. Gillies, Walter L. Siqueira

Chemistry Publications

Salivary proteins such as histatins (HTNs) have demonstrated critical biological functions directly related to tooth homeostasis and prevention of dental caries. However, HTNs are susceptible to the high proteolytic activities in the oral environment. Therefore, pH-sensitive chitosan nanoparti-cles (CNs) have been proposed as potential carriers to protect proteins from enzymatic degradation at physiological salivary pH. Four different types of chitosan polymers were investigated and the optimal formulation had good batch to batch reproducibility, with an average hydrodynamic diame-ter of 144 ± 6 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.15 ± 0.04, and a zeta potential of 18 ± 4 mV at …

Elucidating The Interfacial Interactions Between Biomacromolecules And Functionalized Pamam-Based Materials For Biomedical Applications, Briana L. Simms

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) is a dendrimer structure with a polypeptide backbone architecture. It has been utilized in a wide variety of applications but has found significant utility in biomedical applications. PAMAM has been studied extensively due to its globular structure that is similar to proteins found in the body. The branched architecture and overall size provide a favorable environment for host-guest interactions and allows for the loading of small molecules for therapeutic delivery. Although PAMAM has many benefits for use in the area of therapeutic delivery, a primary area of concern for this molecular architecture is the terminal amines that serve …

Recently Developed Carbohydrate Based Gelators And Their Applications, Joedian Morris, Jonathan Bietsch, Kristen Bashaw, Guijun Wang

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Carbohydrate based low molecular weight gelators have been an intense subject of study over the past decade. The self-assembling systems built from natural products have high significance as biocompatible materials and renewable resources. The versatile structures available from naturally existing monosaccharides have enriched the molecular libraries that can be used for the construction of gelators. The bottom-up strategy in designing low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) for a variety of applications has been adopted by many researchers. Rational design, along with some serendipitous discoveries, has resulted in multiple classes of molecular gelators. This review covers the literature from 2017-2020 on monosaccharide …

Determination Of Characterization, Antibacterial And Drug Release Properties Of Poss-Based Film Synthesized With Sol-Gel Technique, İdi̇l Karaca Açari, Süleyman Köytepe, Burhan Ateş, İsmet Yilmaz, Turgay Seçki̇n

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In the study, antibacterial film synthesis was aimed using sol-gel technique from POSS structure with various functional groups. For this purpose, antibacterial properties have been acquired by metronidazole to the films to be synthesized. The films obtained were coated on glass surface samples by dip coating method. Antibacterial activities of surface coated glass samples were observed in E.coli and S. aureus bacteria. Metronidazole release studies in the film samples were followed by UV spectrophotometer. It was observed that drug release reached 68.90% at the end of the 24th h. As a result, it is thought that the synthesized film will …

Novel Surfactant Stabilized Plga Cisplatin Nanoparticles For Drug Delivery Applications, Samra Umar, Manzar Zahra, Muhammad Akhter, Amir Waseem

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In the current study, cisplatin loaded (Poly(lactic-co-glycolicacid)) (PLGA) stabilized with 4-phenylphenacylbromide based surfactants nanoparticles were developed for drug delivery applications. For the course of this study four new 4-phenylphenacylbromide based compounds abbreviated as PA(C2)3, PA(C8)3, PAC16 and PAC18 have been synthesized by the reaction of 4-phenylphenacylbromide with various long chain amines. The new surfactants were characterized with 1H and 13C NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of newly synthesized surfactants are in the range of 0.024-0.091 mM. The newly synthesized surfactants have been incorporated in PLGA based nanoparticles and are used for drug encapsulation and delivery of …