Chemistry Commons^™

An Attempt To Devise A Method For The Determination Of The Concentration Gradient In And Electrolyte Between Two Electrodes, Joseph J. Garvey

Bachelors’ Theses

Nowhere in the literature of chemistry can there he found a practical method for the determination of the concentration changes in a solution when subjected to an electric current. It is the purpose of this thesis to devise a method for this determination.

An Attempt To Correlate Certain Physical And Chemical Properties Of Various Commercial Animal Glues, Robert C. Andersen

Bachelors’ Theses

The manufacture and use of glue involves many important industries, and up to recent times we, in America, have lost much by our old "rule of thumb" and traditional methods for testing glues. In recent times much work has been done on a strictly scientific basis to explain the actions of glue from both a colloidal and a physicochemical aspect.

This thesis is concerned in particular with the possibility of coordinating the different properties exhibited by the accepted glue tests so that a definite criterion might be postulated for a high-grade animal glue. This task, however, proved extremely difficult, for …

A Study Of The Proteolytic Activity Of The Enzyme Papain On Various Brands Of Gelatine, Mary Christella Zeszuto

Bachelors’ Theses

The measurement of the ·viscosity of liquids by means of capillary tubes has been carried on for more than a hundred years. It was not, however, until 1846 that the results of Poiseuille's research were given to the public. For the comprehensive study he made of the problem, the concept of the laws controlling viscometry flow is attributed to him. The study of the same problem. was continued by many others in subsequent years. Their results, in general, verify the principles given by Poiseuille, but corrections attributed to conditions other than viscous flow have been suggested. These involve drainage, liquid …

A Method For Comparing And Measuring The Drying Time Of Glues, William C. Strutz

Bachelors’ Theses

The measurements or quality in glue testing are arbitrary and are of value only when compared to a standard glue or when comparing one glue to another. Glues have been used for hundreds of years, but it has been only in the last forty or fifty years that any scientific investigations of any consequence have been made. Prior to this time glues were made by rule of thumb by practical men who learned the art of glue making from other practical men in the business and by contact with the industry. "When the United States entered the Great War and …

Copper Chromium Oxide As A Catalyst In The Hydrogenation Of Castor Oil, Mary Sebaldus Rueger

Bachelors’ Theses

Catalysts are essential to most hydrogenation reactions. Very few hydrogenations occur in the absence of some sort of catalyst. Thus, the earlier work of Bergius on coal hydrogenation was non-catalytic, but more recently the process has become practically entirely catalytic thru the development of the I. G. Farbenindustrie in Germany.

A Comparative Study Of The Proteolytic Activity Of Trypsin On Various Gelatins, Louis Hinkle Coggs

Bachelors’ Theses

Since 1839, the viscosity of liquids has been measured by means of capillary tubes. However, it was not until the year 1846, that the results of Poiaeu1lle's research were :made known to the public. Because of the comprehensiveness of Poiseuille's work, the concept of the laws controlling viscometry flow is attributed to him. For one hundred rears the subject of viscometry has been studied by many. During these years the principle a propounded by Poiseuille have been verified in general, but various corrections and modifications of viscometers in regard to drainage, surface tension, liquid head, and kinetic energy have been …

The Bursting Strength Of Ethylcellulose Films In Various Organic Solvents, James B. Miller

Bachelors’ Theses

Since the discovery of celluloid by Hyatt, industry has appreciated the inherent toughness of compositions containing cellulose derivatives.

Ethylcellulose, one of the newest of these derivatives, has been widely used and investigated in the last few years because or its extraordinary properties which are unavailable in any other single cellulose derivative.

Electro-Dialysis Of Gum Arabic By Means Of A Continuous Flow Apparatus, Jerome J. Kowalski

Bachelors’ Theses

This work was performed with the intention of devising a method for the electro-dialytlc separation of electrolytes and colloids which provides for the continuous flow of sol and dialysate during the process.

The facts which were instrumental in directing the author's attention to this problem are: (1) The lack of a simple and efficient apparatus for electrodialysis, and (2) the wide range of possibilities for the application of such a device.

A Study Of The Distillation Of Various Binary Mixtures, John Schneller

Bachelors’ Theses

The work attempted interested the author for several various reasons, (1) there seemed to be a lack of published information in the various liquids studied, (2) there was great interest on a checkup of the apparatus used, (3) to see which mixtures will give minimum and which maximum curves of boiling points.

Qualitative Analysis Of Silver, Lead, Mercury, Copper, Bismuth And Cadmium By Means Of Spot Tests, Jerome S. Szymanski

Bachelors’ Theses

For years the analytical chemist avoided the use of organic chemicals in his work. Some of them he accepted as a matter of course, without paying much attention to their value. Chloroform was used as a solvent in testing for bromine and iodine. A few indicators were used, but organic chemicals were only sparingly used in analytical work. The beginning of the twentieth century marked the introduction of the use of organic dyes in analytical work. Since then, their use has grown steadily, especially during the past decade due to the work of Drs. Feigl and Pregl.

Some of the …

Electrolytic Preparation Of Glucuronic Acid From Glucose, Thomas Mcguine

Bachelors’ Theses

The present work was undertaken to check the results of Dr. R.A. Leutgoeb in the electrolytic preparation and also to further the separation of glucuronic acid from the electrolyte.

Because up to 1938 no efficient chemical method of glucuronic acid had been developed. Dr. Leutgoeb undertook to remedy this lack by making use of electrolysis for a preparation from alpha methyl-glucoside. Such a chemical method is needed if biochemists wish to successfully continue work on the metabolism and deoxioating functions of glucuronic acid. Biological means indeed produce glucuronic acid but in low yields and after much time and labor. Hence …

The Purification Of Linolenic Acid Of Linseed Oil Fatty Acids By Fractional Crystallization From Acetone, Sylvester Ralph Taterzynski

Bachelors’ Theses

Recently the fat and oil chemists are concerning themselves with a more thorough analysis of the fats and oils. In former years chemists in this field seemed to be satisfied with a relatively superficial analysis, used especially in detecting adulteration of oils.

This lack of detailed- analysis was, in great part, due to the fact -that there was no good methods of separation and analysis and especially of the higher unsaturated fatty acids. Only generalizations and approximate calculations were made. However, in the past few years, a decided step has been made toward a far more detailed investigation of the …

Viscosity Of Ethyl Cellulose In Various Binary Mixtures, Frank L. Tinetti

Bachelors’ Theses

Viscosity is that property of a fluid by which it resists continuous deformation, especially characteristic of thick liquids. It is also variously defined as the resistance experienced by one portion of a liquid in moving over another portion, or the "internal friction" of the liquid. This property is the reciprocal of "fluidity", which is the measure of the tendency of a liquid to flow.

A Preparation And Testing Of Bromo Acid, Joseph M. Jauquet

Bachelors’ Theses

The study of dyes in relation to the cosmetic industry is of very great theoretical and practical interest. The development of the Dye Bromo Acid-G and the products which are produced from it are of foremost achievement in the field of modern industrial chemistry.

The Adsorption Of Hydrogen Ion Upon Arsenic Trisulfide Hydrosols Preceding Coagulation, Myron L. Corrin

Bachelors’ Theses

Since the recognition of the colloidal state by Graham in 1861, the importance of colloidal systems in both pure and applied science has received increasing recognition. Many industrial processes are colloidal in nature; the chemistry of living matter is essentially colloidal chemistry; analytical chemistry involves the recognition and removal of matter in the colloidal state. As a result of the many applications of this branch of chemistry, the mechanisms underlying typical processes of colloidal systems are of vital significance. Specifically, the destruction of colloidal systems by electrolytes, finding as it does such wide use, is of considerable importance. In the …

A Study Of The Viscosity Of Gelatines, Mary Anthony Keller

Bachelors’ Theses

Only a casual perusal of the literature treating of enzymes impresses one with the importance of the subject. How could the process of digestion be carried on without the action of enzymes? The tanning industry is primarily concerned with so-called bates, which are enzymes. Other industrial ope.rations, such as brewing, the manufacture of glue, petroleum refining, the production of rubber and starch, are likewise largely dependent on enzymatic action. Another phase of enzyme activity turns to the prevention of disease and medical diagnosis.

Substrates are of no less importance. The present work is not so much a study of -enzymatic …

The Iodine Value Of Tung Oil, M. Beto Reiss

Bachelors’ Theses

In the oil and fat industry the iodine value is one of the most important criteria in testing for the purity of the substance at hand. According to the amount of iodine absorbed fats are classified as drying, semi-drying, and non-drying oils. If the respective oil possesses and iodine value lying between 130 and 200, it is considered a drying oil; between 95 and 130, a semi-drying oil, and between 1 and 95, a non-drying oil.

The Surface Tension Of Ethylene Glycol With Various Additions, Walter W. Eichenberger

Bachelors’ Theses

Ethylene glycol is a compound of great interest both from a practical and theoretical viewpoint. In its properties it lies midway between ethyl alcohol and glycerol. Several years ago this substance was a scientific curiosity and was produced solely by laboratory methods. At that time it had little commercial value principally because of its scar• city. However, the demand for glycol steadily rose after its many useful properties had become known until today it is a very common chemical staple. Such uses as in a non-freezing dynamite, as an anti-freeze for automobile cooling systems, as a hygrosoopic agent, as a …

A Simultaneous Analysis Of Beer Foam And Rsidual Beer, Irwin Joseph Maruszewski

Bachelors’ Theses

In the past, the brewing industry was more an art than a science. Not much was known about the chemical nature of beer, or about the chemical processes and reactions that took place in its manufacture. Until recently, that is, in the last century, no interest was taken in this phase of the manufacture of beer. In the last forty or fifty years, the brewing manufacturers realized, that to have a good quality of beer, more must be known of its chemistry and therefore chemists set to work and began to specialize in this field. The thing that was most …

The Effect Of Time, Temperature, And Pressure On The Hydrogenation Of Castor Oil, Darwin F. Kaestner

Bachelors’ Theses

Although much research and investigation has been carried out during the past twenty years on t he hydrogenation of oils; only a small ·amount of this research has been devoted to the study of the hydrogenation of castor oil. In recent years much time has been devoted to the hydrogenation of those oils which yield edible fats. Castor oil, on the other hand, does not result upon hydrogenation in the formation of an edible fat, and hence, its characteristics were not fully studied. The intention of the author in doing this thesis was to obtain some data as to the …

The Construction And Efficiency Of A Packed Type Laboratory Fractionating Column, Henry Rostkowski

Bachelors’ Theses

Although simple and fractional distillation have been used commercially for many centuries, fractional distillation has been used in the laboratory only during comparatively recent years. The early laboratory fractionating columns were much less efficient than were the industrial columns. Starting about the year 1910 much work has been done in an attempt to improve the small laboratory columns. It has been the purpose of this work to build a column which combines some of the good features of columns of other workers. In addition, the column was built with the purpose of illustrating the theory of fractional distillation and thus …

The Comparative Analysis Of Iron Ore, Archie G. Sailer

Bachelors’ Theses

Our country has been fortunate in having abundant iron resources at its disposal. Their extensive development accounts for our rapid material progress and our high degree of civilization. Of all these natural resources none has contributed more to the commercial supremacy of the United States, to the prosperity of its communities and to the individual comfort of its citizens than the iron ore reserves of the Lake Superior region.

Corrosion Of Aluminum In Alkaline Solutions, George Oliver Doherty

Bachelors’ Theses

Aluminum has been an important member of the metal group since its isolation about 100 years ago. It has sprung into prominence in the commercial field and in household use in the last thirty years. The metal is light, possesses good thermal and electrical conductivity and as an alloy with other metals takes on a surprising degree of strength.

The problem of producing aluminum cheaply enough to make it practical has finally been overcome to a great extent. It now remains to be seen just what further uses there are to which this new metal may be put. Aluminum may …

The Preparation Of Glucuronic Acid From Gum Acacia, Mary Laurissa Felix

Bachelors’ Theses

Initial interest in the preparation of glucuronic acid from gum acacia was prompted by several reasons. Being interested in both the chemical and biological fields, the subject of glucuronic acid made a strong appeal. Although glucuronic acid was discovered over fifty years ago, its position in physiology remained until recently undefined. Now, however, it seems fairly certain that this compound is closely related to carbohydrate metabolism and plays an im­portant role as a detoxicating agent in the body.

The laboratory preparation of glucuronic acid is still one of the important problems of chemistry. Our present knowledge of its synthesis and …

A Study Of The Preparation Of The Combination Of Phenol-Formaldehyde Glycerol-Phthalate Resins, Mark H. Kern

Bachelors’ Theses

The author has had some experience with the commercial manufacture of paints, and it is only logical that he be interested in a problem of great importance to the manufacturer of various commercial finishes, namely, synthetic resins.

The Distribution Of Protein Between Beer And Foam, Robert T. Schmidt

Bachelors’ Theses

The development of the soy bean and its products is one of the foremost achievements of the modern industrial chemist. His purpose is to discover more and more applications for this useful product which is rapidly growing in popularity with the agriculture of the nation.

The Particle Size Of Emulsions Prepared With Pure And Commercial Egg Yolk, August Carl Siefert

Bachelors’ Theses

Emulsions are undoubtedly among the most useful preparations which man can make, and their application in industry, pharmacy, and cooking is wide and varied. We are all familiar with mayonnaise in which and emulsion of olive oil is obtained with the use of egg yolk as an emulsifying agent. Egg yolk itself is one of Nature's very best emulsions, as is milk which is both a colloid and an emulsion.

This thesis is concerned in particular with the application of emulsions in the tanning industry, where oil is applied to leather in the form of an emulsion to make it …

A Study Of The Gelation Of Several Paraffins In Various Solutions, Joseph John Wocasek

Bachelors’ Theses

In the selection of various waxes for commercial use, it has long been the custom to depend solely upon melting-point for property determination. Thus, for example, all paraffin waxes which had a melting range between 50 and 65 degrees centigrade, were thought to have much the same properties and that any or the commercial paraffins of this range would therefore impart the same characteristics to the product in which they were to be used. But with increased use, these waxes have come under more careful observation and experimentation. Very little data has as yet been released for publication but already …

The Effect Of Calcium And Ammonium Salts On Enzyme Action, Erwin F. Karow

Bachelors’ Theses

The object of this thesis is to study the effect of various ammonium and calcium salts upon the digestive action of trypsin, pancreatin and papain. A perusal of the literature reveals only a small amount of information upon the subject.

Nickel And Its Determination, Robert Fitzpatrick

Bachelors’ Theses

I have found great pleasure in writing this thesis on Nickel and wish to express my appreciation for the assis­tance received from various sources. The thesis itself contains a brief history of the metal followed by an experi­mental determination of the nickel content of some commer­cial steels. These were kindly furnished by the analytical department of the International Harvester Company to whom I am grateful.

For the history of nickel I am especially indebted to the account by Robert c. Stanley, President of the Inter­national Nickel Company, reproduced in Wilhelm's, The Book of Metals.

For the material on the …