Chemistry Commons^™

Spectroscopy, Harvey E. Wagner

Bachelors’ Theses

No abstract provided.

The Synthesis And Certain Chemical Properties Of Several Aromatic Fluorides, Horst G. Schneider

Bachelors’ Theses

The preparation of organic fluorides, until only recently, had been seriously curtailed not only because of the difficulty experienced in their synthesis, but also due to the lack of information with regard to their physical and chemical properties. With the investigation of their characteristics, their great importance was for the first time fully realized. A concerted search was made for new modes of their preparation. That this search was rewarded is shown in part by the synthesis of several aromatic fluorides as a portion of this thesis.

Microradiography With Metal Powders, Wallace Kluck

Bachelors’ Theses

Microradiography is a comparatively recent development in the X-ray field. The term applies to the analysis of a thin specimen by photographing it with X-rays and subsequently enlarging the photograph to bring out minute structural elements. A microradiograph has several advantages over a photomicrograph. First of all it goes beyond the surface and reveals the internal structure of the specimen, a more important advantage at least as concerns this paper is the ability of the microradiograph to enable one to accurately determine the chemical elements making up the specimen.

The Effect Of Some Electrolytes On The Critical Solution Temperature Of The Phenol-Water System, Donald Gerald Leavitt

Bachelors’ Theses

A classical example of a system of liquids exhibiting partial miscibility is the phenol-water system. One of the earliest binary systems of this type to be Investigated, it has been the subject of much research and experimentation during the past sixty years. Its critical solution temperature has been determined by a multitude of investigators, the effect of a third component upon the system has been studied and many generalizations concerning partially miscible binary systems have been derived from these undertakings.

The studies which have been carried on regarding this system have been chiefly of theoretical interest, although in recent years …

A Study Of The Lassaigne Test For Nitrogen, Marion Ann Stout

Bachelors’ Theses

The elementary analysis of an organic compound is a determining factor in the characterization of the compound. The problem of this analysis was first encountered in organic characterization class where it was impossible to obtain a satisfactory test for nitrogen using the Lassaigne Method. It is the purpose of this thesis to testout the Lassaigne method under various conditions and to determine a set of conditions hereby the test will be positive.

The Synthesis And Some Physical Properties Of Certain Aromatic Fluorides, John W. Weldon

Bachelors’ Theses

The late discovery of methods of introduction of fluorine into organic compounds has retarded to some extent the commercial use of organic fluorides. The indirect methods used also prevented general preparation of fluorocompounds. However, the characteristic stability of many fluorine compounds has warranted both the preparation of numerous aromatic and aliphatic fluorides as well as a search for new methods of preparation. It 1s the purpose of this thesis to delineate the present methods of synthesis of aromatic fluorides and to show the influence of the substitution of fluorine on some of the physical properties of aromatic compounds.

The Determination Of Interfacial Tension Using Pendant Drop Method, Katherine Tellor

Bachelors’ Theses

Boundary tension is a measure of the free energy of a fluid interface. It is a term derived from the superficial analogy between the surface of a liquid and a stretched membrane. Just as the potential energy of a fluid mass in foot pound per pound is spoken of as a "head" in feet, so it is useful to speak of free energy of a fluid surface in ergs per square centimeter as a "tension" in dynes per centimeter.

The Electrodeposition Of Waxes From Emulsions, Richard Nebel

Bachelors’ Theses

At the beginning of the nineteenth century, electrochemistry became an established part of the science of chemistry. Volta believed in the existence of some definite relationship between chemical and electrical phenomena and his investigations led to the discovery of a means of converting chemical energy to electrical energy. His observations became the foundation upon which all modern electrochemistry is based. Volta alternated zinc and silver disks with paper soaked in salt water between each disk. This afforded a source of electrical energy which produced a current and became to be known as the Voltaic-pile.

The Effect Of Weak Acid On The Stability Of Burnishing Ink, Marcella Wamser

Bachelors’ Theses

By definition we find "An emulsion being a system containing two liquid phases, one of which is dispersed as globules in the other. That liquid which is broken up into globules is termed the dispersed phase, whilst the liquid surrounding the globules is known as the continuous phase or dispersing medium". If a small portion of benzene is poured into a large volume of water, it can be emulsified by simply shaking or agitating. Again, chloroform and water with shaking gives an emulsion.

Van Slyke Determination Of Amino Acids In Beer And Malt, Rebecca Spilberg

Bachelors’ Theses

A change has been taking place in the brewing industry during the last few years. There has been a tendency to give up traditional methods of brewing for methods based on sound scientific principles. In line with this, the work of the chemical research laboratory has grown from almost nothing Until it now plays a role of vital importance to the industry.

The Determination Of Of Bromo Acid, Genevieve M. Stein

Bachelors’ Theses

The use of bromo acids in lipstick is comparatively recent. Since its use is so necessary to the modern lipstick in order to impart indelibility and staining power, the fact that bromo acid arouses a toxicity in the presence of castor oil in some individuals does not keep it from being one of the most important constituents of the stick. However, in order to keep the toxicity down to a minimum it is necessary to keep the type end amount of bromo acid under control. It is, therefore, highly important that a check on the amount of bromo acid be …

A Study Of The Reactions Of Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride On Organic Compounds, Daale Jones

Bachelors’ Theses

There are many uses for anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in the field of organic synthesis. The addition of hydrogen fluoride to a double bond is readily carried out at room temperature and provides a good starting point for mastering the special technique. It is widely used as one of our best · polymerizing agents. It has many uses as a catalyst in alkylation, acylation, Fries change and ring closure reactions. Due to its extreme reactivity a complete understanding of the material is necessary in order to handle it properly. The matter of technique in manipulation and carrying out reactions was one …

The Nitric Acid Oxidation Of 12-Hydroxystearic Acid, Henry K. Suzuki

Bachelors’ Theses

Although much work has been done on the oxidation of saturated fatty acids in the past, relatively little research on hydroxylated acids has been conducted.

This paper is a study of the oxidation of mono and poly hydroxy-fatty acids and was undertaken on the basis of Reid and Hall's report on the nitric acid oxidation of 12-hydroxystearic acid.

The Preparation Of 2-Fluoroarsanilic Acid And An Attempt To Prepare 4-Fluorophenylarsonic Acid, Robert E. Shupe

Bachelors’ Theses

In the preparation of a fluorinated organic arsenical compound the writer has entered upon what may be untrodden ground. The difficulties were numerous and the press of time has made impossible for the present many of the investigations and modifications of method which would otherwise have been carried out

The Preparation Of 2-Fluoroarsanilic Acid And An Attempt To Prepare 4-Fluorophenylarsonic Acid, Robert E. Shupe

Bachelors’ Theses

In the preparation of a fluorinated organic arsenical compound the writer has entered upon what may be untrodden ground. The difficulties were numerous and the press of time has made impossible for the present many of the investigations and modifications of method which would otherwise have been carried out.

Malonic Acid Synthesis, Mary K. Hormuth

Bachelors’ Theses

The search for new organic compounds, the discovery of their proper­ ties and the utilization of them, both in the industrial and the biological field has always been the challenge to the organic and research chemist. In particular, the study of fatty acids and their related compounds has been the particular problem to not only the physiological chemist, but also the industrial chemist. The research in this direction has tremen­dous possibilities tor only the even carbon and normal chain acids have been isolated in nature. Here difficulty is often met when trying to establish and identify this type of acid …

Dielectric Properties Of Various Organic Compounds, Joyce Elaine Eiling

Bachelors’ Theses

Condensers are widely used for many purposes. These devices are employed in one form or another in radio transmitting and allied industries such as television and amplifier circuits. They are used in automatic equipment, telephone, telegraph, and railway signal equipment as well as in condenser type motors. Condensers reduce sparking and arcing at contact relay points, switches, circuit breakers, time clocks, and thermostats. A vital part of a condenser is the dielectric. In present day condensers mineral oil is used extensively.

The purpose of this investigation is to study other organic compounds in an effort to find a good di …

The Influence Of Heat On Some Properties Of Triethanolamine Soaps, Hetty Ricker

Bachelors’ Theses

In modern times the field of chemistry has a broad scope and even a broader horizon. Yet for a girl the field is limited. One of the few industries in which she is capable and has a slight advantage is that of the cosmetic industry. In this field chemistry is used in the manufacture of lipsticks, shampoos, oils and creams. Research to improve these items is continually going on with a hope of finding cheaper and better products than those compounds already in use.

A Study Of Some Dehydrating And Infiltrating Agents, Monica Hoefs

Bachelors’ Theses

The ethyl-alcohol-xylol series produces a hardening and shrinking of the tissues. It has long been criticized for this reason.

Effect Of Temperature On Sludge Digestion And Gas Production At The Racine Sewage Disposal Plant, Mitzi S. Heim

Bachelors’ Theses

Sewage is defined as the "spent water supply of a com­munity, together with those human and household wastes which are removed by water carriage supplemented in some instances by street washings and industrial wastes."

A Study Of The Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis, John E. Dornfeld

Bachelors’ Theses

In Continental Europe, where raw materials are at a premium, it is necessary to synthesize as much as possible. Hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivatives are important for "everyday" life. When importation costs of raw materials are high, synthesis is necessary provided it can be done cheaper. The Fischer-Tropsch process is the answer for the needs of synthetic hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivatives.

The purpose of this thesis is to obtain hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivatives by the Fischer-Tropsch process in the wax range. From the literature it appears that no work in the industrial field is being done in the …

A Cytolocical Study Of The 4th Chromosome Of Eyeless Drosophila, Joyce Ruth Soelch

Bachelors’ Theses

In Drosophila Melanogaster the recessive gene for eyeless and its normal allelomorph, which cause in general a redaction of the size of the eye in the adult fly, are situated in the small 4th chromosome. The purpose of this experiment was to make a Cyto- logical study and comparison of the 4th chromosomes of the eyeless Drosophila and the normal plus or wild type to determine whether this recessive gene, located on the 4th chromosome, results in a difference in the number, size, formation, or location of bands.

A Suggested Method For The Measurement Of Unsaturation In Organic Compounds By Means Of A Hydrogen Number, Richard Roberts

Bachelors’ Theses

The measurement of unsaturation in organic compounds are commonly expressed in terms of an iodine number, but as this value is not trustworthy in a number of cases, it has been suggested by earlier worker that an indication of unsaturation could be obtained by the quantitative hydrogenation of a compound and expressing the result in terms of a hydrogen number. Although such determinations have been previously made, usually at elevated temperatures and pressures, it is the purpose of this work to carry out the hydrogenation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. For purposes of comparison, determinations will be made at …

A Viscometric Determination Of The Diastatic Effect Of Amylase On Starches, Dawn Marie Ehlert

Bachelors’ Theses

Internal friction causes some liquids to flow with less freedom than true solutions of the same density. or with less freedom than water. This is attributed in part to larger particle size and prompts one to propose that when using solutions in which the dissolved substance has not been dispersed and subdivided to single molecular particles that the dissolved particles may be present as com­binations. These combinations may increase to enlarged dimensions with changes in temperature, density. electric charges. etc. Similar conditions are characteristic o starch solutions. The solutions are colloidal and vary in particle size. In some situations the …

On The Production Of Polyploidy With Paradichlorbenzene, Mary Anne Carey

Bachelors’ Theses

The subject of polyploidy has been of scientific interest for some time. The true nature of the cause of this phenomenon has been disputed ever since its existence was made known. Polyploidy is the condition in which the haploid number of the chromosomes, contained within the nucleus, is multiplied so that there is a higher number of chromosomes present than there is in the typical diploid cell of that particular plant or animal. The diploid number of the chromois known as 2n, therefore, higher multiples would be referred to as 3n, 4n, 8n etc. Some plants or animals have one …

Micro-Density Determinations Of Liquids, Rachel L. Horowitz

Bachelors’ Theses

Recent developments in the field of microchemistry have aroused the necessity of accurate micro-methods for density determinations. Such methods have been developed by various investigators and some of them found their application in re­ search and industry, wherever the saving of material and time was an essential problem.

The purpose of this work is to compare all the methods of micro-density determinations found in literature, check their accuracy and simplicity and find their limitations and advantages.

The Effect Of The Ph On The Viscosity Of Various Gelatin Solutions, Theodore C. Kraus

Bachelors’ Theses

Tremendous research has been done in recent years In the field of the protein colloids. Our small, but nevertheless important knowledge of the protein colloids is due to such eminent investigators as Loeb, Kruyt, Freundlich, and Hardy, to name only a few. They have presented to the scientific world valuable experiments and reports of their work. However, much remains to be accomplished in spite of their achievements. The fact that the whole of the organic life processes concerns Itself with colloidal phenomena, particularly the reactions of large aggregates of protein particles, is indicative that the field is widespread in its …

Preparation And Properties Of Diethylene Glycol Fumarate Resin, Marian Sargent

Bachelors’ Theses

Fumaric acid, an unsaturated acid, condensed with diethylene glycol forms diethylene glycol fumarate, a resinous product of high molecular weight. This reaction is typical of condensation reactions. Since this is only the first step in making suitable finished products, the author wished to make a study of the preparation and properties of this condensation product and determine which of the known polymerizing agents were best suited for practical use .

Preparation And Properties Of Diethylene Glycol Fumarate Resin, Marian Sargent

Bachelors’ Theses

Fumaric acid, an unsaturated acid , condensed with diethylene glycol forms diethylene glycol fumarate, a resinous product of high molecular weight. This reaction is typical of condensation reactions. Since this is only the first step in making suitable finished products, the author wished to make a study of the preparation and properties of this condensation product and determine which of the known polymerizing agents were best suited for practical use.

The Influence Of Gelatin On The Ph Of Acids And Bases, Beverly Terwilliger

Bachelors’ Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to determine how gelatin behaves in the presence of various acids and alkalis. It is possible to titrate gelatins with acids and bases and thereby determine the relation of the pH of the solution to the amounts of acid or base combined with the gelatin. If the results are plotted, a titration curve is obtained, the value of which gives the acid and base combining properties of a certain gelatin.