Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

College Of Science And Mathematics Newsletter, Summer 2017, College Of Science And Mathematics, Wright State University

College of Science and Mathematics Newsletters

This 7 page newsletter discusses various happenings within the College of Science and Mathematics. It begins with a letter from the dean, and continues on with news, events, alumni news, and other community news.

Suppression ϒ(1s), ϒ(2s), And ϒ(3s) Quarkonium States In Pbpb Collisions At √Snn = 2.76 Tev, The Cms Collaboration, M. M. Baarmand, V. Bhopatkar, S. Colafranceschi, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, T. Roy, F. Yumiceva

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

The production yields of ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) quarkonium states are measured through their decays into muon pairs in the CMS detector, in PbPb and pp collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 2.76 TeV. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of 166 μb−1 and 5.4 pb−1 for PbPb and pp collisions, respectively. Differential production cross sections are reported as functions of ϒ rapidity y up to 2.4, and transverse momentum pT up to 20 GeV/c. A strong centrality-dependent suppression is observed in PbPb relative to pp collisions, by factors of up to 2 and 8, for the …

Principles Of Physics Ii Lab (Jupyter), Tatiana Krivosheev, Caroline Sheppard, Patricia Todebush, Bram Boroson, Justin Mays

Physics and Astronomy Ancillary Materials

This collection of open laboratory materials for Principles of Physics II was created under a Round Four ALG Textbook Transformation Grant. These materials require the open source Jupyter application.

Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process.

Principles Of Physics I Lab (Jupyter), Tatiana Krivosheev, Caroline Sheppard, Patricia Todebush, Bram Boroson, Justin Mays

Physics and Astronomy Ancillary Materials

This collection of open laboratory materials for Principles of Physics I was created under a Round Four ALG Textbook Transformation Grant. These materials require the open source Jupyter application.

Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process.

Principles Of Physics Ii Lab (Clayton), Tatiana Krivosheev, Caroline Sheppard, Patricia Todebush, Bram Boroson, Justin Mays

Physics and Astronomy Grants Collections

This Grants Collection for Principles of Physics I was created under a Round Three ALG Textbook Transformation Grant.

Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process.

Documents are in .pdf format, with a separate .docx (Word) version available for download. Each collection contains the following materials:

• Linked Syllabus
• Initial Proposal
• Final Report

Principles Of Physics I Lab (Clayton), Tatiana Krivosheev, Caroline Sheppard, Patricia Todebush, Bram Boroson, Justin Mays

Physics and Astronomy Grants Collections

This Grants Collection for Principles of Physics I was created under a Round Three ALG Textbook Transformation Grant.

Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process.

Documents are in .pdf format, with a separate .docx (Word) version available for download. Each collection contains the following materials:

• Linked Syllabus
• Initial Proposal
• Final Report

Operating Temperature Of A Solar Thermal Stirling Engine, Spencer Beck

Senior Theses

This paper explores the relationship between the operating temperature and electricity production of a simple heat engine. A Stirling engine was designed and constructed which runs on solar thermal energy collected by a Fresnel lens. The surface area of the solar collector was varied. This manipulated the operating temperature of the Stirling engine in order to measure power output. The mechanical energy from the engine was converted to electricity using a DC motor running in reverse, acting like a generator, in conjunction with an Arduino for data collection. Although adjustments must be made in order to improve the efficiency of …

Thin Film Thermal Deposition At Various Pressures, James Kela Yee Keen Grace

Senior Theses

This research was to verify the hypothesis that resistivity of metal's thin film deposited in a low-pressure environment is the same as its solid material. Thermal Evaporation is a thin film deposition technique in which metal inside a vacuum is evaporated, then deposited onto a surface. Higher quality metal films are deposited when the vacuum pressure is lower. At higher pressures, more air molecules are trapped within the layers of metal, thus increasing scattering sites and increasing the resistance. However, reaching a lower pressure requires more time and effort. In this research, films were deposited at various pressures and resistivities …

Are Solar Panels A Viable Power Source For A Green Energy Vehicle?, Mason C. Adams

Senior Theses

A solar cell powered go-kart has been built and tested. The result shows using solar energy alone cannot meet the requirement of running a regular passenger car. This is due to the limited surface area of the passenger car. This thesis also discusses the operating principles of solar panels, the physics of P type and N type semiconductors, and the formation of the PN junction, as well as the solar current. Modifications of an existing go-kart are described in detail in this thesis. Suggestions for making green vehicles are discussed as well.

Observing Orbital Angular Momentum Transfer From Electron Vortex Beams To Matter, Hannah Devyldere

Senior Theses

It is possible to produce electron beams with non-zero orbital angular momentum. Such beams, known as electron vortex beams, are theoretically able to transfer their orbital angular momenta to matter, causing the matter to rotate. Nanoparticles in an aqueous solution were observed with an electron vortex beam to detect the transfer of orbital angular momentum in a low-friction environment. Observing the transfer of orbital angular momentum to particles in solution is difficult due to the necessity of imaging the particles through a liquid and the random movement of particles in the solution. Thus, orbital angular momentum transfer to matter could …

Galileo's Contribution To Mechanics, Asim Gangopadhyaya

Physics: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Asim Gangopadhyaya writes about Galileo's contributions to mechanics and physics in this chapter in Where Have All the Heavens Gone? Galileo's Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina edited by John P. McCarthy and Edmondo F. Lupieri.

Fullerenes In Solar Energy Cells, Fletcher G. Griffitts

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This project involves controlling and characterizing the morphology of the active layer in a special type of organic photovoltaics (OPVs), consisting of porphyrin-fullerene composites, with emphasis on electron exchange interactions between the two components. The Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package (VASP) is applied to model a variety of donor-acceptor complexes containing fullerene and porphyrin in terms of their stabilities as well as their geometric, electronic, and charge transfer features. The goal is to identify supramolecular chain structures with highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) that may serve as electron (hole) transfer channels in a photovoltaic …

Microwave Assisted Dipole-Dipole Transitions, Jacob T. Paul

Physics and Astronomy Honors Papers

We explore this two photon assisted transition through computational and numerical analysis of possible energy levels. We calculate the matrix elements of the energy transition in detail discussing constants and the quantum mechanical possibilities of energy exchanges in these systems.

The goal is to better understand the energy exchange, so that moving forward we can control it. This paper covers the theoretical ends to controlling the energy transition by the way of two photon assisted transitions. The energy transitions take place between a dipole-dipole interaction, and a microwave photon.

Using An Atomic Molecular Optics Laboratory For Undergraduate Research And Mentoring Of Physics Students In Georgia, Matthew P. Dallas

Georgia College Student Research Events

Using an Atomic Molecular Optics Laboratory for Undergraduate Research and Mentoring of Physics Students in Georgia

An Atomic and Molecular Optical (AMO) Physics research lab is an excellent tool to train and mentor undergraduate students in advanced laboratory techniques. Students gain valuable basic experience in experimental designs, data acquisition techniques, working with high precision optical equipment, building electronics, and working in the machine shop. The current project is building and testing an enclosure for the diode laser to reduce sound and vibrational interference. In addition, we are developing and evaluating a new, more compact laser cavity which is 3d printed. …

College Of Science And Mathematics Newsletter, Spring 2017, College Of Science And Mathematics, Wright State University

College of Science and Mathematics Newsletters

This 9 page newsletter discusses various happenings within the College of Science and Mathematics. It begins with a letter from the dean, and continues on with news, events, alumni news, and other community news.

Multiscale Modeling Of Carbon Nanotube Synthesis In A Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactor, Jonathan Troville

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The bottom-up analysis of Carbon Nanotube synthesis is not well understood. Specifically, the question as to how carbon adsorbs to a substrate inclusive of a supported catalyst may lead to the energetically favorable structure of a hexagonal close- packed structure along the wall, or walls, of the tube. A first time simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics has been generated in order to capture the gas-phase mech- anism which leads to carbon production. It is thought that the carbon adsorbs and the walls are formed from the bottom up and the inside out for multi-wall CNTs. The studies involved accurately setting up …

M Dwarf Planet Habitability, Ben Koenigs

Gateway Prize for Excellent Writing

The habitability of M dwarf planets has been debated greatly, as their parent stars possess both beneficial and detrimental qualities for the development of life. Initially, the astrobiological community questioned their habitability (Dole 1964), but as research and modeling techniques have improved, astrobiologists have become more accepting of the idea of life on M dwarf planets (Shields et al. 2016). The question of these planets’ habitability has great significance, because their long lifespans and commonality in the universe make them legitimate candidates for a plethora of extrasolar spacecraft missions, and potentially for the first discovery of life in other systems.

On Marie Curie And Me, Sharon L. Stephenson

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

When people discover I am a nuclear physicist, they often say, "Oh, like Marie Curie!" And yes, I am like Marie in that I have woman parts, I study nuclei, I have two children and a physicist husband. But had I lived in her time, I would not have been that rare female admitted to the Sorbonne. I could not have quietly made the top scores on the math and physics examinations. I am impulsive and thin-skinned, my occasional cleverness passing for deeper talent. I would probably have been a cleaning girl, pregnant at 15, unable to speak any language …

Search For Single Production Of A Heavy Vector-Like T Quark Decaying To A Higgs Boson And A Top Quark With A Lepton And Jets In The Final State, The Cms Collaboration, Marc M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, Daniel Noonan, Tuhin Roy, Francisco Yumiceva

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

A search for single production of vector-like top quark partners (T) decaying into a Higgs boson and atop quark is performed using data from pp collisions at acentre-of-mass energy of 13TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3fb−1. The top quark decay includes an electron or a muon while the Higgs boson decays into a pair of b quarks. No significant excess over standard model backgrounds is observed. Exclusion limits on the product of the production cross section and the branching fraction are derived in the T quark mass range 700 …

The Philosophy And Physics Of Time Travel: The Possibility Of Time Travel, Ramitha Rupasinghe

Honors Capstone Projects

Time travel to the past is an alluring subject for many science fiction writers but is it really science fiction or is there a way to make it happen, possibly in the distant future? In the world of physics, time travel to the future has already been accomplished but time travel to the past seems to be a subject of controversy. Similarly, both philosophers and physicists cannot completely agree on one fundamental question about time: what is it? In this interdisciplinary project, I will explore the fundamental nature of time as a building block to help me understand time travel. …

Relating The Finite-Volume Spectrum And The Two And Three-Particle S Matrix For Relativistic Systems Of Identical Scalar Particles, Raúl Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Stephen R. Sharpe

Physics Faculty Publications

Working in relativistic quantum field theory, we derive the quantization condition satisfied by coupled two- and three-particle systems of identical scalar particles confined to a cubic spatial volume with periodicity L. This gives the relation between the finite-volume spectrum and the infinite-volume 2 → 2, 2 → 3, and 3 → 3 scattering amplitudes for such theories. The result holds for relativistic systems composed of scalar particles with nonzero mass m, whose center of mass energy lies below the four-particle threshold, and for which the two-particle K matrix has no singularities below the three-particle threshold. The quantization condition is exact …

The Mainstream Scientific Community Is Open To Incremental But Not Holistic Ideas, Maurice Goodman

Articles

NeuroQuantology

doi: 10.14704/nq.2017.15.2.1041

Isoscalar 𝜋𝜋 Scattering And The Σ Meson Resonance From Qcd, Raúl A. Briceño, Jozef J. Dudek, Robert G. Edwards, David J. Wilson

Physics Faculty Publications

We present for the first time a determination of the energy dependence of the isoscalar ππ elastic scattering phase shift within a first-principles numerical lattice approach to QCD. Hadronic correlation functions are computed including all required quark propagation diagrams, and from these the discrete spectrum of states in the finite volume defined by the lattice boundary is extracted. From the volume dependence of the spectrum, we obtain the S-wave phase shift up to the KK¯ threshold. Calculations are performed at two values of the u, d quark mass corresponding to m_π=236,391  MeV, and the resulting amplitudes …

Role Of The Euclidean Signature In Lattice Calculations Of Quasidistributions And Other Nonlocal Matrix Elements, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Christopher J. Monahan

Physics Faculty Publications

Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) provides the only known systematic, nonperturbative method for first-principles calculations of nucleon structure. However, for quantities such as light-front parton distribution functions (PDFs) and generalized parton distributions (GPDs), the restriction to Euclidean time prevents direct calculation of the desired observable. Recently, progress has been made in relating these quantities to matrix elements of spatially nonlocal, zero-time operators, referred to as quasidistributions. Still, even for these time-independent matrix elements, potential subtleties have been identified in the role of the Euclidean signature. In this work, we investigate the analytic behavior of spatially nonlocal correlation functions and demonstrate that …

Differential Cross Sections And Polarization Observables From Clas K* Photoproduction And The Search For New N* States, A.V. Anisovich, K. Hicks, E. Klempt, V. A. Nikonov, A. Sarantsev, W. Tang, D. Adhikaram, Z. Akbar, M. J. Amaryan, S. Anefalos Pereira, R. A. Badui, J. Ball, M. Battaglieri, V. Batourine, I. Bedlinskiy, A. S. Biselli, W. J. Briscoe, V. D. Burkert, D. S. Carman, I Zonta

Physics Faculty Publications

The reaction 𝛄p → K^⁎⁺Λ was measured using the CLAS detector for photon energies between the threshold and 3.9 GeV at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. For the first time, spin-density matrix elements have been extracted for this reaction. Differential cross sections, spin density matrix elements, and the Λ recoil polarization are compared with theoretical predictions using the BnGa partial wave analysis. The main result is the evidence for significant contributions from N(1895)1/2^- and N(2100)1/2⁺ to the reaction. Branching ratios for decays into K^⁎Λ for these resonances and further resonances are reported.

Search For Single Production Of Vector-Like Quarks Decaying Into A B Quark And A W Boson In Proton–Proton Collisions At √S=13 Tev, M M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, D Noonan, Tuhin S. Roy, Francisco X. Yumiceva, Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

A search is presented for a heavy vector-like quark, decaying into a b quark and a W boson, which is produced singly in association with a light flavor quark and a b quark. The analysis is performed using a data sample of proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s=13TeV collected at the LHC in 2015. The data set used in the analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.3fb−1. The search is carried out using events containing one electron or muon, at least one b-tagged jet with large transverse momentum, at least one jet in the forward region of …

Cross Section Measurement Of T-Channel Single Top Quark Production In Pp Collisions At √S=13 Tev, M M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, D Noonan, Tuhin S. Roy, Francisco X. Yumiceva, Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

The cross section for the production of single top quarks in the t channel is measured in proton–proton collisions at 13TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.2fb−1. The event selection requires one muon and two jets where one of the jets is identified as originating from a bottom quark. Several kinematic variables are then combined into a multivariate discriminator to distinguish signal from background events. A fit to the distribution of the discriminating variable yields a total cross section of 238±13(stat)±29(syst) pb and a ratio of top quark and …

Measurement Of The Cross Section For Electroweak Production Of Zγ In Association With Two Jets And Constraints On Anomalous Quartic Gauge Couplings In Proton–Proton Collisions At S=8 Tev, M M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, D Noonan, Tuhin S. Roy, Francisco X. Yumiceva, Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

A measurement is presented of the cross section for the electroweak production of a Z boson and a photon in association with two jets in proton–proton collisions at s=8 TeV. The Z bosons are identified through their decays to electron or muon pairs. The measurement is based on data collected with the CMS detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. The electroweak contribution has a significance of 3.0 standard deviations, and the measured fiducial cross section is 1.86−0.75 +0.90(stat)−0.26 +0.34(syst)±0.05(lumi) fb, while the summed electroweak and quantum chromodynamic total cross section in the same region is observed to …

Search For Heavy Resonances Decaying Into A Vector Boson And A Higgs Boson In Final States With Charged Leptons, Neutrinos, And B Quarks, M M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, D Noonan, Tuhin S. Roy, Francisco X. Yumiceva, Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

A search for heavy resonances decaying to a Higgs boson and a vector boson is presented. The analysis is performed using data samples collected in 2015 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 2.2–2.5 fb−1. The search is performed in channels in which the vector boson decays into leptonic final states (Z→νν, W→ℓν, and Z→ℓℓ, with ℓ=e,μ), while the Higgs boson decays to collimated b quark pairs detected as a single massive jet. The discriminating power of a jet mass requirement and a b jet …

Multiplicity And Rapidity Dependence Of Strange Hadron Production In Pp, Ppb, And Pbpb Collisions At The Lhc, M M. Baarmand, Vallary Bhopatkar, Stefano Colafranceschi, Marcus Hohlmann, H Kalakhety, D Noonan, Tuhin S. Roy, Francisco X. Yumiceva, Cms Collaboration

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

Measurements of strange hadron (KS 0, Λ+Λ‾, and Ξ−+Ξ‾+) transverse momentum spectra in pp, pPb, and PbPb collisions are presented over a wide range of rapidity and event charged-particle multiplicity. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in pp collisions at s=7TeV, pPb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV, and PbPb collisions at sNN=2.76TeV. The average transverse kinetic energy is found to increase with multiplicity, at a faster rate for heavier strange particle species in all systems. At similar multiplicities, the difference in average transverse kinetic energy between different particle species is observed to be larger for pp …