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Articles 11551 - 11580 of 11604
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Investigating Anthropogenic Mammoth Extinction With Mathematical Models, Michael Frank, Anneliese Slaton, Teresa Tinta, Alex Capaldi
Investigating Anthropogenic Mammoth Extinction With Mathematical Models, Michael Frank, Anneliese Slaton, Teresa Tinta, Alex Capaldi
Alex Capaldi
Colloidal Plasmonic Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles: Properties And Applications, Urcan Guler, Sergey Suslov, Alexander V. Kildishev, Alexandra Boltasseva, Vladimir M. Shalaev
Colloidal Plasmonic Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles: Properties And Applications, Urcan Guler, Sergey Suslov, Alexander V. Kildishev, Alexandra Boltasseva, Vladimir M. Shalaev
U. Guler
Analyzing Latency-Aware Self-Adaptation Using Stochastic Games And Simulations, Javier Camara, Gabriel A. Moreno, David Garlan, Bradley Schmerl
Analyzing Latency-Aware Self-Adaptation Using Stochastic Games And Simulations, Javier Camara, Gabriel A. Moreno, David Garlan, Bradley Schmerl
Gabriel A. Moreno
Self-adaptive systems must decide which adaptations to apply and when. In reactive approaches, adaptations are chosen and executed after some issue in the system has been detected (e.g., unforeseen attacks or failures). In proactive approaches, predictions are used to prepare the system for some future event (e.g., traffic spikes during holidays). In both cases, the choice of adaptation is based on the estimated impact it will have on the system. Current decision-making approaches assume that the impact will be instantaneous, whereas it is common that adaptations take time to produce their impact. Ignoring this latency is problematic because adaptations may …
Proactive Self-Adaptation Under Uncertainty: A Probabilistic Model Checking Approach, Gabriel A. Moreno, Javier Camara, David Garlan, Bradley Schmerl
Proactive Self-Adaptation Under Uncertainty: A Probabilistic Model Checking Approach, Gabriel A. Moreno, Javier Camara, David Garlan, Bradley Schmerl
Gabriel A. Moreno
Self-adaptive systems tend to be reactive and myopic, adapting in response to changes without anticipating what the subsequent adaptation needs will be. Adapting reactively can result in inefficiencies due to the system performing a suboptimal sequence of adaptations. Furthermore, when adaptations have latency, and take some time to produce their effect, they have to be started with sufficient lead time so that they complete by the time their effect is needed. Proactive latency-aware adaptation addresses these issues by making adaptation decisions with a look-ahead horizon and taking adaptation latency into account. In this paper we present an approach for proactive …
A Review Of Frequentist Tests For The 2x2 Binomial Trial, Chris Lloyd
A Review Of Frequentist Tests For The 2x2 Binomial Trial, Chris Lloyd
Chris J. Lloyd
The 2x2 binomial trial is the simplest of data structures yet its statistical analysis and the issues it raises have been debated and revisited for over 70 years. Which analysis should biomedical researchers use in applications? In this review, we consider frequentist tests only, specifically tests with control size either exactly or very close to exactly. These procedures can be classified as conditional and unconditional. Amongst tests motivated by a conditional model, Lancaster’s mid-p and Liebermeister’s test are less conservative than Fisher’s classical test, but do not control type 1 error. Within the conditional framework, only Fisher’s test can be …
Prognostic And Predictive Directions For Clinical Trials, Debashis Ghosh
Prognostic And Predictive Directions For Clinical Trials, Debashis Ghosh
Debashis Ghosh
In many clinical trials, treatment effects can be quite heterogeneous across subgroups so that individuals in different subgroups can receive different benefits of the treatment. This can be quite important for the purposes of clinical decision-making purposes. In this article, we introduce a general concept of risk score that is motivated by potential outcomes consider- ations. The concepts of prognostic and predictive directions for outcome data are defined. Their basis is in the dimension reduction (DR) literature and can also be motivated by con- ditional independence assumptions. Under some conditions, one can use existing methods from the DR literature to …
Application Of Fa´A Di Bruno’S Formula In The Construction Of Combinatorial Identities, Tian-Xiao He
Application Of Fa´A Di Bruno’S Formula In The Construction Of Combinatorial Identities, Tian-Xiao He
Tian-Xiao He
Convexity Of Spherical Bernstein-B´Ezier Patches And Circular Bernstein-B´Ezier Curves, Tian-Xiao He, Ram Mohapatray
Convexity Of Spherical Bernstein-B´Ezier Patches And Circular Bernstein-B´Ezier Curves, Tian-Xiao He, Ram Mohapatray
Tian-Xiao He
Fabrication Of Ferroelectric Polymer Nanostructures On Flexible Substrates By Soft-Mold Reverse.Pdf, Shumin Li
Fabrication Of Ferroelectric Polymer Nanostructures On Flexible Substrates By Soft-Mold Reverse.Pdf, Shumin Li
Shumin Li
No abstract provided.
2015_Balzer_Adaptive.Pdf, Laura Balzer
2015_Balzer_Adaptive.Pdf, Laura Balzer
Laura B. Balzer
Linkages Between Water Challenges And Land Use Planning In Megacities, Enjie Li, Joanna Endter-Wada, Shujuan Li
Linkages Between Water Challenges And Land Use Planning In Megacities, Enjie Li, Joanna Endter-Wada, Shujuan Li
Enjie Li
No abstract provided.
Architecture And Systems Ecology: Thermodynamic Principles Of Environmental Building Design, In Three Parts, William Braham
Architecture And Systems Ecology: Thermodynamic Principles Of Environmental Building Design, In Three Parts, William Braham
William W. Braham
Modern buildings are both wasteful machines that can be made more efficient and instruments of the massive, metropolitan system engendered by the power of high-quality fuels. A comprehensive method of environmental design must reconcile the techniques of efficient building design with the radical urban and economic reorganization that we face. Over the coming century, we will be challenged to return to the renewable resource base of the eighteenth-century city with the knowledge, technologies, and expectations of the twenty-first-century metropolis.
This book explores the architectural implications of systems ecology, which extends the principles of thermodynamics from the nineteenth-century focus on more …
Reasoning About Human Participation In Self-Adaptive Systems, Javier Camara, Gabriel A. Moreno, David Garlan
Reasoning About Human Participation In Self-Adaptive Systems, Javier Camara, Gabriel A. Moreno, David Garlan
Gabriel A. Moreno
Self-adaptive systems overcome many of the limitations of human supervision in complex software-intensive systems by endowing them with the ability to automatically adapt their structure and behavior in the presence of runtime changes. However, adaptation in some classes of systems (e.g., safety- critical) can benefit by receiving information from humans (e.g., acting as sophisticated sensors, decision-makers), or by involving them as system-level effectors to execute adaptations (e.g., when automation is not possible, or as a fallback mechanism). However, human participants are influenced by factors external to the system (e.g., training level, fatigue) that affect the likelihood of success when they …
Nitrates In Karst Systems: Comparing Impacted Systems To A Relatively Unimpacted System, Julie C. Angel, Eric Wade Peterson
Nitrates In Karst Systems: Comparing Impacted Systems To A Relatively Unimpacted System, Julie C. Angel, Eric Wade Peterson
Eric Wade Peterson
Karst aquifers are highly susceptible to contamination because of the connection with surface water. Nitrate contamination is common; with most karst aquifers exhibiting some degree of impact. This work assesses the potential impacts of anthropogenic activities on the Horn Hollow Valley (HHV) in Carter County Kentucky. HHV is a karst aquifer system that appears to be minimally impacted by nitrate and chloride contamination. Sampling of the HHV area was conducted from June 2005 to November 2006. Nitrate as nitrogen (NO3-N) concentrations were between 0.13 to 1.54 mg/L; chloride concentrations ranged from 1.43 to 66.3 mg/L. Impact from anthropogenic sources are …
Introducing Virtual Water Accounting To The Great Lakes, Stanley Mubako
Introducing Virtual Water Accounting To The Great Lakes, Stanley Mubako
Stanley Mubako
No abstract provided.
An Assessment Of South China Tiger Reintroduction Potential In Hupingshan And Houhe National Nature Reserves, China, Yiyuan Qin, Philip J. Nyhus, Courtney L. Larson, Charles J.W. Carroll, Jeff Muntifering, Thomas D. Dahmer, Lu Jun, Ronald L. Tilson
An Assessment Of South China Tiger Reintroduction Potential In Hupingshan And Houhe National Nature Reserves, China, Yiyuan Qin, Philip J. Nyhus, Courtney L. Larson, Charles J.W. Carroll, Jeff Muntifering, Thomas D. Dahmer, Lu Jun, Ronald L. Tilson
Philip J. Nyhus
Human-caused biodiversity loss is a global problem, large carnivores are particularly threatened, and the tiger (Panthera tigris) is among the world’s most endangered large carnivores. The South China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis) is the most critically endangered tiger subspecies and is considered functionally extinct in the wild. The government of China has expressed its intent to reintroduce a small population of South China tigers into a portion of their historic range as part of a larger goal to recover wild tiger populations in China. This would be the world’s first major tiger reintroduction program. A free-ranging population of 15–20 tigers …
Integrated Survival Analysis Using An Event Time Approach In A Bayesian Framework, Daniel Walsh, Victoria Dreitz, Dennis Heisey
Integrated Survival Analysis Using An Event Time Approach In A Bayesian Framework, Daniel Walsh, Victoria Dreitz, Dennis Heisey
Victoria Dreitz
No abstract provided.
Case Studies In Evaluating Time Series Prediction Models Using The Relative Mean Absolute Error, Nicholas G. Reich, Justin Lessler, Krzysztof Sakrejda, Stephen A. Lauer, Sopon Iamsirithaworn, Derek A T Cummings
Case Studies In Evaluating Time Series Prediction Models Using The Relative Mean Absolute Error, Nicholas G. Reich, Justin Lessler, Krzysztof Sakrejda, Stephen A. Lauer, Sopon Iamsirithaworn, Derek A T Cummings
Nicholas G Reich
Statistical prediction models inform decision-making processes in many real-world settings. Prior to using predictions in practice, one must rigorously test and validate candidate models to ensure that the proposed predictions have sufficient accuracy to be used in practice. In this paper, we present a framework for evaluating time series predictions that emphasizes computational simplicity and an intuitive interpretation using the relative mean absolute error metric. For a single time series, this metric enables comparisons of candidate model predictions against naive reference models, a method that can provide useful and standardized performance benchmarks. Additionally, in applications with multiple time series, this …
The Spatial Distribution Of Electric Field Intensity When The Motion Of Electric Charge In Absolute Space, Vildyan Yanbikov
The Spatial Distribution Of Electric Field Intensity When The Motion Of Electric Charge In Absolute Space, Vildyan Yanbikov
Vildyan Yanbikov
When driving an electric or gravitational charge in absolute space. Field created by these particles will have a different distribution in space. In comparison with by a stationary charge. When the charge motion of the deformation field.
Studying The Effects Of Non Oil Exports On Targeted Economic Growth In Iranian 5th Development Plan: A Computable General Equilibrium Approach, Rasoul Bakhsi Dastjerdi Dr., Reza Moosavi Mohseni Dr., Somayye Jafari
Studying The Effects Of Non Oil Exports On Targeted Economic Growth In Iranian 5th Development Plan: A Computable General Equilibrium Approach, Rasoul Bakhsi Dastjerdi Dr., Reza Moosavi Mohseni Dr., Somayye Jafari
Reza Moosavi Mohseni
we investigate the effects of non oil export on Iran’s economic growth using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) and study which tradable sectors has a larger share in reaching to targeted growth rate 8% in 5th socio economic development plan. We calibrate the model by GAMS (with emphasis on foreign trade sector). Numerical solution to the model is based on Iran’s social accounting matrix (SAM). Results show that 2.03% of targeted economic growth rate is achieved by encouraging a 6% growth in export. It also be mentioned that industry and mine sector in Iran, has more influence on growth than …
Copula Modelling Of Dependence In Multivariate Time Series, Michael S. Smith
Copula Modelling Of Dependence In Multivariate Time Series, Michael S. Smith
Michael Stanley Smith
Legal Issues: Security And Privacy With Mobile Devices, Brian Leonard, Maurice Dawson
Legal Issues: Security And Privacy With Mobile Devices, Brian Leonard, Maurice Dawson
Maurice Dawson
Privacy and security are two items being woven into the fabric of American law concerning mobile devices. This chapter will review and analyze the associated laws and policies that are currently in place or have been proposed to ensure proper execution of security measures for mobile and other devices while still protecting individual privacy. This chapter will address the fact that as the American society significantly uses mobile devices, it is imperative to understand the legal actions surrounding these technologies to include their associated uses. This chapter will also address the fact that with 9/11 in the not so distant …
Use Of Geographical Information Systems To Identify Counties In Georgia With High Risk For Childhood Lead Poisoning, R. Christopher Rustin, Christy Kuriatnyk, Byron Lobsinger, Simone Charles
Use Of Geographical Information Systems To Identify Counties In Georgia With High Risk For Childhood Lead Poisoning, R. Christopher Rustin, Christy Kuriatnyk, Byron Lobsinger, Simone Charles
R. Christopher Rustin
Riemann Hypothesis Disproved Using Infinity, Elements, Solution Operator Defined To Solve Riemann But Not Have Solutions 1/2 And Other Solutions With Real Solutions Not 1/2, James T. Struck
James T Struck
Riemann Hypothesis Disproved Using Infinity, Elements, solution operator defined to solve Riemann but not have solutions 1/2 and other Solutions with Real Solutions Not 1/2 The Riemann hypothesis is that all [[Triviality (mathematics)|nontrivial]] zeros of the analytical continuation of the [[Riemann zeta function]] have a real part of 1/2. A proof or disproof of this would have far-reaching implications in [[number theory]], especially for the distribution of [[prime number]]s. This was [[Hilbert's problems|Hilbert's eighth problem]], and is still considered an important open problem a century later. One of James T. Struck's Disproofs of the Riemann Hypothesis is that zeros can …
Zespół Energii Odnawialnej I Zrównoważonego Rozwoju (Eozr), Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Zespół Energii Odnawialnej I Zrównoważonego Rozwoju (Eozr), Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Wojciech Budzianowski
No abstract provided.
Adaptive Pair-Matching In Randomized Trials With Unbiased And Efficient Effect Estimation, Laura Balzer, M Petersen, M Van Der Laan, The Search Consortium
Adaptive Pair-Matching In Randomized Trials With Unbiased And Efficient Effect Estimation, Laura Balzer, M Petersen, M Van Der Laan, The Search Consortium
Laura B. Balzer
Experimental Check On The Validity Of The Special Theory Of Relativity, Vildyan Yanbikov
Experimental Check On The Validity Of The Special Theory Of Relativity, Vildyan Yanbikov
Vildyan Yanbikov
Calculation of quantitative characteristics of rotating interferometer Michelson-Morley experiment. The objective of the experiment. Confirmation alternate the Lorentz contraction of the interferometer arms as it rotates. Experimental check on the validity of the special theory of relativity.
Creating Computer Availability Maps, Scott Bacon
Creating Computer Availability Maps, Scott Bacon
Scott Bacon
Simulating Univariate And Multivariate Nonnormal Distributions Through The Method Of Percentiles, Jennifer Koran, Todd C. Headrick, Tzu Chun Kuo
Simulating Univariate And Multivariate Nonnormal Distributions Through The Method Of Percentiles, Jennifer Koran, Todd C. Headrick, Tzu Chun Kuo
Todd Christopher Headrick
This article derives a standard normal-based power method polynomial transformation for Monte Carlo simulation studies, approximating distributions, and fitting distributions to data based on the method of percentiles. The proposed method is used primarily when (1) conventional (or L) moment-based estimators such as skew (or L-skew) and kurtosis (or L -kurtosis) are unknown or (2) data are unavailable but percentiles are known (e.g., standardized test score reports). The proposed transformation also has the advantage that solutions to polynomial coefficients are available in simple closed form and thus obviates numerical equation solving. A procedure is also described for simulating power method …
Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping At High Xenon Densities And Laser Fluxes: Principles And Practice, Boyd M. Goodson, Nicholas Whiting, Hayley Newton, Jason G. Skinner, Kaili Ranta, Panayiotis Nikolaou, Michael J. Barlow, Eduard Y. Chekmenev