Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Simulation Of Living Processes Utilizing Concurrency And Object-Oriented Programming, Aaron Ziegler

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

What does it mean to be alive? Is it possible to create artificial life-forms that are truly alive? Can a computer program be alive? To answer these questions, I first explore the history of artificial life, beginning with John von Neumann, who designed algorithms possessing lifelike capabilities, and moving on to other famous attempts, such as Horton Conway's 'Game of Life', and Thomas Ray's remarkable 'Tierra' project.

Also included is a discussion on the merits of Object-Oriented programming for simulating, and ultimately synthesizing life on a computer. concurrency is defined, and its value for stimulating and synthesizing life is made …

Preparation And Reactivity Of Acyclic (Pentadienyl)Iron(1+) Cations: Applications To Organic Synthesis, William A. Donaldson

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Hexakis(Dimethylformamide)Bis(Hexaphenylcyclohexasiloxanehexaolato)Hexacopper(Ii) Dimethylformamide Solvate, Sergey V. Lindeman, Olga I. Shchegolikhina, Yulia A. Molodtsova, Alexandr A. Zhdanov

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The sandwich-like title complex, hexakis(dimethylformamide)-1O,2O,3O,4O,5O,6O-bis[2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaphenylsiloxane-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaolato(6-)-1:2²O¹,2:3²O²,3:4²O³,- 4:5²O⁴,5:6²O⁵,1:6²O⁶]hexacopper(II) tetrakis(dimethylformamide) solvate, [Cu₆(C₃H₇NO)₆{(C₆H₅)₆O₁₂Si₆}₂].4C₃H₇NO, is comprised of two regular crown-shaped macrocyclic hexadentate organosiloxanolate ligands chelating a flat Cu₆ hexagon, as in the ethanol-solvated analogue investigated previously. The title complex has a more distorted shape …

N-Methylbenzothiazole-2(3H)-Selone, C8H7Nsse, Steinar Husebye, Sergey V. Lindeman, Martin D. Rudd

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The crystal structure of N-methyl1,3-benzothiazole-2(3H)-selone, (mbts) has been studied to estimate the changes in the molecular geometry of the mbts ligand upon coordination. Hypervalent complexes of mbts with Te^II and I^I have been studied by us previously. A significant elongation of the Se=C bond [from 1.817 (7) in mbts to 1.85-1.88 Å in the complexes] was found, but there were no significant changes in the other geometric parameters of the ligand. The only other bond-length decrease of note was for SeC-NMe [from 1.35 (1) in mbts to 1.32-1.34 Å in the complexes]. Thus, only the …

Reflection High-Energy Electron-Diffraction Study Of Melting And Solidification Of Pb On Graphite, Z. H. Zhang, P. Kulatunga, H. E. Elsayed-Ali

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The melting and solidification of Pb thin films on pyrolytic graphite are investigated in situ by reflection high-energy electron diffraction. Thin films with thicknesses of 4-150 monolayers are investigated. The surface morphology of the thin films were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Superheating of the Pb thin films by 4±2 to 12±2 K is observed from diffraction intensity measurements. Upon cooling the substrate, the Pb on graphite is seen to supercool by ∼69±4 K.

Summing Up: Questions And Answers On The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

My experiences with the ratification of the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, the Threshold Test Ban Treaty, and the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty have led me to conclude that presenting technical issues early in the process greatly reduces their politicization during the ratification end game. This chapter summarizes the important issues that will be raised during the debate on ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. It uses a compact question and answer format to cover the following topics: I. Nuclear Proliferation, II. Nuclear Arms Control, III. Warhead Reliability and Yield for National Security, IV. Warhead Safety, V. Verification, …

A Child's Flashlight And Rc Circuit Concepts, Matthew J. Moelter, Rand S. Worland

Physics

No abstract provided.

The Laws Of Complexity & The Complexity Of Laws: The Implications Of Computational Complexity Theory For The Law, Eric Kades

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Velocity–Space Drag And Diffusion In A Model, Two-Dimensional Plasma, Mark Anthony Reynolds, B.D. Fried, G.J. Morales

Publications

The quasilinear fluctuation integral is calculated for a two-dimensional, unmagnetized plasma ~composed of charged rods!, and is expressed in terms of Fokker–Planck coefficients. It is found that in two dimensions, the enhanced fluctuations generated by fast electrons lead to anomalously large transport coefficients. In particular, the effect of a small population of fast electrons is only weakly dependent on their density. In three dimensions, the effect of fast electrons is masked by the dominant approximation, but higher-order terms describe processes similar to those in two dimensions, and these terms can become significant for weakly stable plasmas. The differences between two …

Effect Of Diurnal Convection On Trapped Thermal Plasma In The Outer Plasmasphere, Mark Anthony Reynolds, G. Ganguli, J.A. Fedder, D.J. Melendez-Alvira

Publications

A kinetic, multi‐species model of the plasmasphere is constructed that includes the effect of convection and corotation electric fields on trapped particles in drifting flux tubes. The resulting morphology of the outer plasmasphere is significantly different from the morphology obtained using the assumption of diffusive equilibrium. The difference is due primarily to the contraction and expansion of the region of velocity space accessible to the trapped particles, and has implications for the interpretation of remote sensing experiments.

Fact Sheet, Yale University Office Of Institutional Research

Fact Sheets

No abstract provided.

Irreducible K-To-1 Maps Onto Grids, Susan M. Parker

Honors Theses

In this paper we explore the existence of exactly k-to-1 continuous functions between graphs, and more specifically 2-to-1 continuous function between graphs that are irreducibly 2-to-1, meaning that no restriction of the function to a subgraph is 2-to-l. We show how to construct such functions in some general cases, and then more specifically onto rectangular grids. We have in mind an application to distributed networks and signal verification.

A Modeling Study Of The Effects Of Size- And Depth-Dependent Predation On Larval Survival, Margaret M. Dekshenieks, Eileen E. Hofmann, John M. Klinck, Eric N. Powell

CCPO Publications

The form of the predation pressure experienced by larval stages of marine invertebrates is largely unknown. However, it is believed that the type, timing and rate of larval predation are critical in determining recruitment to adult populations. In this study, a time and depth-dependent model of the growth and behavior of larvae of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, was used to investigate the effects of different forms of size-and depth-dependent predation on larval survivorship. The simulated larval survival for a cohort experiencing size-dependent predation showed that the greatest percent of the cohort survived to competent settlement size when the …

Gdr In Superdeformed Nuclei, F. Camera, A. Bracco, A. Atac, R. Bark, I. G. Bearden, J. J. Gaardhoje, B. Herskind, M. Kmiecik, S. Leoni, M. Mattiuzzi, A. Maj, G. Turri

Publications

A search for the gamma decay of the Giant Dipole Resonance built on superdeformed nuclear configurations was made. The superdeformed states of the Eu-143 nucleus were populated using the reaction Pd-110(Cl-37, 4n)Eu-143 at a beam energy of 165 MeV. High energy gamma-rays were detected in 8 large BaF2 scintillators in coincidence with discrete transitions measured with part of the NORDBALL array (17 HPGe detectors and a 2 pi multiplicity filter). Spectra of high-energy gamma-rays gated by low-energy transitions from states fed by the superdeformed bands show an excess yield in the 7-10 MeV region with respect to those gated by …

Wiyn Data Distribution And Archiving, Rob Seaman, Ted Von Hippel

Publications

The NOAO/IRAF Save the Bits archive has been operating for over three years at Kitt Peak National Observatory and at the National Solar Observatory's nighttime program. Since that time, the W. M. Keck Observatory and the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory have also adopted the software. These first generation Save the Bits installations rely on Exabyte tapes as the archival medium, typically using pairs of drives to produce duplicate copies of the data for heightened protection against data loss. The upgrade of Save the Bits that is currently in progress to support writable CD-R drives is discussed. In addition to another …

Solvent Impregnated Resins For The Recovery Of Gold From Gold(I)Thiourea Solutions, Fiona Fitzpatrick

Masters

Solvent Impregnated Resins (SIRs) are high surface area, macroporous, polymeric resins which have been physically impregnated with an organic solvent. In this research, three resins have been impregnated with Di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid, a solvent which has shown selectivity to gold. The ability of the resins to recover gold (1) thiourea perchlorate from solution has been investigated. The resins have been studied both bare and when impregnated with the solvent and their efficiency was seen to increase upon impregnation. The overall efficiency of the resins was found to be pH dependent. It is also related to the level of impregnation of …

Evaluation Of The Effects Of Afff Inputs On The Vip Biological Nutrient Removal Process And Pass-Through Toxicity. Phase 1a. Volume Ii. Appendix Vii. Acute Toxicity Test Results, Mujde Erten-Unal, Gary C. Schafran

Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

This report discusses the results of a bench scale study conducted to evaluate the potential inhibitory effects of untreated AFFF wastewater to the Virginia Initiative Plant VIP biological nutrient removal process. A bench-scale study was conducted to evaluate the potential inhibitory effects of untreated AFFF wastewater to the nitrification process of the Virginia Initiative Plant biological nutrient removal system. Under this testing, bench-scale reactors simulating the nitrification process were loaded at various AFFF concentrations and the influence on the process performance was evaluated. The purpose of this effort was to determine the level of AFFF that could be incorporated into …

Features Of Graft Copolymer Formation Through Reaction Of Functionalized Polyolefins With Poly-\Epsilon-Caprolactam, Elisa Passaglia, Francesco Picchioni, Mauro Aglietto, Giocomo Ruggeri, Francesco Ciardelli

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The reaction in the melt of polyolefins containing 2-diethylsuccinate groups (DES) with poly-\epsilon-caprolactam (PA6) to give a graft copolymer was investigated under different conditions. Even using a large excess of DES groups over the PA6 terminal amino groups the graft copolymer yield resulted only partial thus suggesting a kinetic control of the reaction. The effect of various catalysts was then examined taking into account results obtained in a model reaction between a low molecular weight amine and diethylsuccinate. The results are discussed in terms of side reactions and miscibility of the pristine polymers.

Response Of Otolith Microchemistry To Environmental Variations Experienced By Larval And Juvenile Atlantic Croaker (Micropogonias Undulatus), Simon R. Thorrold, Cynthia M. Jones, Steven E. Campana

OES Faculty Publications

Minor and trace elements incorporated into otoliths during growth may permanently record environmental conditions experienced by fishes. To determine the validity of this approach, we used laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) to assay sectioned otoliths from juvenile Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) collected from each of three sites in the Neuse River, North Carolina, and the Elizabeth River, Virginia. Elemental concentrations at the center of the otoliths did not differ between locations, although both Mg : Ca and Ba : Ca were significantly higher at the edge of otoliths from the Neuse River than from the …

Destruction Of Chloropigments In Copepod Guts, A. B. Bochdansky, D. Deibel

OES Faculty Publications

In a recent account regarding the destruction of chloropigments within the guts of copepods, Head & Harris (1996) (H&H) presented valuable data on pigment destruction in copepods. However, in one of their main conclusions, the authors invoked 2 enzyme pools to explain the pattern of pigment destruction: one directly derived from copepods, the other one produced by the ingested algae. If this conclusion is correct, it would have tremendous impact on the interpretation of data collected by the gut pigment technique. Estimating ingestion rates of copepods in the field would be very difficult, if not impossible, if pigment destruction was …

Velocity Space "Snapshots" Of Continuum Electrons Produced By Slow, Bare, Highly Charged Ions: Saddle-Point Electrons?, M. Abdallah, S. Kravis, C. L. Cocke, Y. D. Wang, M. Stöckli, Ronald E. Olson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Comprehensive velocity-space "snapshots" of the electron continua produced by the impact of ions on He at a projectile velocity of 1.63 a.u. have been measured for the bare projectiles of p, He, C, O and Ne. For the three highly charged ions, this velocity lies in the "ionization threshold" region where electron capture dominates the reaction. The experimental technique projects the distribution of soft continuum electrons onto a two-dimensional detector in such a way that the velocity-space distribution for all electrons with laboratory energies in the range from 0-30eV is accurately imaged. The data show no evidence for a saddle-point …

Momentum Spectra For Single And Double Electron Ionization Of He In Relativistic Collisions, C. J. Wood, Ronald E. Olson, W. Schmitt, R. Moshammer, J. Ullrich

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The complete momentum spectra for single and double ionization of He by [Formula Presented] [Formula Presented] [Formula Presented] have been investigated using a classical trajectory Monte Carlo method corrected for the relativistic projectile. The [Formula Presented] electron-electron interaction has been included in the post-collision region for double ionization to incorporate the effects of both the nuclear-electron and electron-electron ionizing interactions, and to access the effects of electron correlation in the electron spectra. Experimental measurements were able to determine the longitudinal momentum spectra for single ionization; these observations are in accordance with the theoretical predictions for the three-body momentum balance between …

An Assessment Of The Prevalence Of Trichomonas Sp. In The Domestic Pigeon (Columba Livia) Population, In The Emirates Of Abu Dhabi And Dubai, Theresa Caroline Bailey

Theses

A survey of 250 captive (animal market) and free-flying (trapped at a sheep farm) pigeons was conducted to assess the prevalence of Trichomonas sp. in the domestic pigeon (Columba livia) population, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Oropharyngeal swabs demonstrated that 52% of all pigeons were found with Trichomonas sp. in their oropharynx, of which 60%, 68% and 35% of pigeons were Trichomonas sp. positive in the AI Ain and Abu Dhabi animal markets and AI Ain sheep farm respectively. Captive birds had a significantly higher infection rate than the free-flying pigeons. Inspection of the oropharynx of live pigeons positive …

Effect Of Oil Pollution On Juvenile And Adult Rabbitfish (Siganus Canaliculatus), Mohammed Abdul Rahim Hassan Al Zarouni

Theses

The possible toxic effect of crude oil and dispersant on the reproduction and performance of common marine fish in the United Arab Emirates coasts were investigated. Adult female and juvenile rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) were exposed to different concentration of Sharjah light crude oil (0, 4, 6 ml crude oil/l) in the presence or absence of 0.3 mI/l Nalfleet dispersant (Maxi-Clean 2) dissolved in sea water. Juvenile fish were exposed to treatments for 3, 6, 9 or 15 days and adult female were treated for 18 days. At the end of each experimental period histopathological changes in the skin, gills, liver …

Measurement Of Elastic J/Ψ Photoproduction St Hera, J. Breitweg, M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, S. Magill, D. Mikunas, B. Musgrave, J. Repond, R. Stanek, R. L. Talaga, R. Yoshida, H. Zhang, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, F. Anselmo, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, G. Castellini, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, I. Gialas, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, G. Laurenti

Faculty Publications

The reaction γ p → J/ψ p has been studied in ep interactions using the ZEUS detector at HERA. The cross section for elastic J/ψ photoproduction has been measured as a function of the photon-proton centre of mass energy W in the range 40 < W < 140 GeV at a median photon virtuality Q2 of 5 × 10-5 GeV2. The photoproduction cross section, σγp→J/ψp, is observed to rise steeply with W. A fit to the data presented in this paper to determine the parameter δ in the form σγp→J/ψp α Wδ yields the value δ = 0.92±0.14±0.10. The differential cross section dσ/d|t| is presented over the range |t| < 1.0 GeV2 where t is the square of the four-momentum exchanged at the proton vertex. dσ/d|t| falls exponentially with a slope parameter of 4.6 ± 0.4-0.6+0.4 GeV-2. The measured decay angular distributions are consistent with s-channel helicity conservation. © Springer-Verlag 1997.

Harmonic Oscillation In The Presence Of Multiple Damping Forces, Chris Pelto '97

Honors Projects

The relatively mundane damped harmonic oscillator is found to exhibit interesting motion once under the influence of both a velocity dependent and a Coulombic frictional damping force. Data for the decay of the amplitude as a function of time were collected on a specially prepared torsional oscillator. with a variable electromagnetic damping mechanism. An analytical solution of the appropriate equation of motion was obtained by the method of Laplace transforms. In both the limits of zero Coulombic friction and zero velocity damping, the solution reduces to the well-known answers to the problem. the solution, when plotted with the correct parameters, …

Steiner Trees Over Generalized Checkerboards, Meta M. Voelker '97

Honors Projects

To minimize the length of a planar network, we can build a Steiner minimal tree that is, a tree consisting of the original network points, as well as additional, strategically-placed (Steiner) points. Chung, Gardner and Graham [2] investigated building Steiner trees over grids of unit squares. We generalize their ideas to grids of rhombuses, and show that two near-optimal Steiner trees exist for each grid, one built from Steiner trees over rhombuses and one built from Steiner trees over isosceles triangles. Further, we conjecture that for grids with an odd number of layers, only the small angle of the rhombus …

Diffraction From Polarization Holographic Gratings With Surface Relief In Side-Chain Azobenzene Polyesters, Izabela Naydenova, Ludmila Nikolova, Todor Todorov, N.C.R. Holme, P.S. Ramanujam, S. Hvilsted

Articles

We investigate the polarization properties of holographic gratings in side-chain azobenzene polyesters in which an anisotropic grating that is due to photoinduced linear and circular birefringence is recorded in the volume of the material and a relief grating appears on the surface. A theoretical model is proposed to explain the experimental results, making it possible to understand the influence of the different photoinduced effects. It is shown that at low intensity the polarization properties of the diffraction at these gratings are determined by the interaction of the linear and circular photobirefringences, and at larger intensity the influence of the surface …

Droplet Concentration And Size Distribution In Haze And Fog, Josef Podzimek

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fog (haze) droplet concentrations and size distributions were measured at five sampling sites representing rural and urban regions and a highly polluted marine-urban environment. Droplet imprints in a thin gelatine layer were evaluated and compared to the measurement by light scattering instruments. This enabled conditions for the application of the logarithmic-normal size distribution and for the classification of typical fog droplet size distributions to be established. In particular, the parameters featuring the width and asymmetry of a size distribution were suggested and calculated. Advantages and drawbacks of the applied droplet sampling and evaluation technique are discussed in more detail. © …

High-Order Object Model Based Software Analysis, Xiaoqing Frank Liu, Hungwen Lin

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The integration of object oriented modeling and structured analysis (SA) for developing a well structured object oriented software system is a challenge for requirements analysts and software designers. Some of the existing object oriented modeling techniques adopt approaches that are very different from SA, and others have clumsily stayed with SA after a few modifications. Our High Order Object Modeling Technique (HOOMT) however, attempts to strike a mean between both extremes while at the same time provides an effective modeling method. HOOMT consists of two models, the High Order Object Model and the Object Information Flow Model. By using the …