Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Mollusks From Wisconsinan (Pleistocene) Ice-Contact Sediments Of The Missouri Coteau In Central North Dakota, Samuel J. Tuthill

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis here abstracted was written under the direction of Frank D. Holland, Jr. and was approved by Wilson M. Laird and George C. Wheeler as members of the examining committee, of which Dr. Holland was Chairman.

Geologic and paleontologic evidence indicates that numerous mesotropic, temperate, water bodies were present while drift-covered bloacks of stagnant glacier ice, unplaced during Woodfordian (late Wisconsinan, Pleistocene) time, underlay the Missouri Coteau district (approximately 50 by 300 miles in extent) in central North Dakota.

Fossil mollusks, contained in sediments deposited in contact with the stagnant ice at 40 sites, are represented by 23 species …

Glacial Geology Of Western Sheridan County, North Dakota, Neil R. Sherrod

Theses and Dissertations

Western Sheridan County, in central North Dakota, lies within three physiographic districts; The Missouri Coteau district, the Sheyenne River district, and the Martin subdistrict. The Missouri Coteau district is characterized by thick drift, knob and kettle topography, and non-integrated drainage. The Sheyenne River district and Martin sub-district are characterized by flat to gently rolling topography.

The surface deposits of western Sheridan County include the upper Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation, the Tertiary (Paleocene) Ludlow and Cannonball Formations, and the Burnstad and Martin Drifts of late Wisconsinan Age.

Landforms in the Missouri Coteau district include dead-ice moraine, end moraine, disintegration ridges, collapsed …

Geology Of The Unconsolidated Deposits Of Lake County, Indiana, Reuben J. Vig

Theses and Dissertations

Lake County is in the extreme northwestern corner of Indiana. The county is divided into three physiographic units: (1) Calumet lake plain, (2) Valparaiso moraine, (3) Kankakee glacioflucial plain.

The Calumet lake plain was covered by glacial Lake Chicago. Beach lines show the areal extent of the various phase of the lake’s history. The Valparaiso moraine, a broad upland, trends east-west across the county. An end moraine on the north side of this upland is correlated with the Tinley moraine in Illinois. The Kankakee glaciofluvial plain, formerly marshland, slopes gently from the Valparaiso moraine to the Kankakee River.

The bedrock …

Pelecypoda From The Lower Fox Hills Formation (Upper Cretaceous) Of Emmons County, North Dakota, Rodney M. Feldmann

Theses and Dissertations

The Fox Hills Formation in Emmons County, North Dakota, consists of 250-350 feet of medium to fine grained sand and sandstone with some shale interbeds. In Emmons County, the four members, Trail City, Timer Lake, Bullhead, and Colgate are not as distinct lithologically as they are in the areas from which they were described; thus, the unit has been subdivided into a lower part consisting of crossbedded sand and sandstone with calcareous, fossiliferous concretions and an upper part consisting of interbeds of buff sand and chocolate shale.

The gradational change from Pierre Shale lithology to the sands of the overlying …

Kinetic Investigation Of The Hydrochlorination Of Olefins In Aprotic Solvents And Sulfonation Of Idobenzene And The Selectivity Relation, Thomas Glen Davies

Theses and Dissertations

Kinetic investigation of the hydrochlorination of cyclohexene and cis-2-butene in n-heptane with SnCl4 as catalyst shows that the reaction is second order with respect to both olefin and catalyst. The specific rate constants at 25° , 0° and -23.8°C and the activation parameters were determined. Investigation of the Ga2Cl6 catalyzed hydrochlorination of cyclohexene and cis-2-butene in dichloromethane indicates that alkylation and polymerization compete with the hydrochlorination reaction in the presence of the solvent. The relative reaction rates and the isomer distribution for the sulfonation of iodobenzene by S35O3 have been determined in refluxing SO2 at -10°C. The reaction resulted in …

Sulfonation Of Chlorobenzene And The Selectivity Relation ; Bromine Addition To Cyclohexene In Dichloromethane ; Thorpe's Synthesis Of The Caged Acid, 4-Methyltricyclo[1.1.0.0[Superscript 2-4]] Butane-1,2,3-Tricarboxylic Acid, John A. Gurney

Theses and Dissertations

Aromatic sulfonation and some substitution reactions of chlorobenzene show deviations in the selectivity relation. A determination of chlorobenzene sulfonation provided the following rate ratio relative to benzene and partial rate factors: 1.0, [---] of 0.064 , mf 1.7 and pf 4. 2. Our work, Olah's nitration, Ferguson's bromination and Stock's chlorination define a new relation that can be express by adding an entropy term (A) to the selectivity relation. We determined the rate of bromine-cyclohexene addition in dichloro-methane at 0° to provide a basis for a systematic variation of solvents at low temperature. An unusual zero-order reaction was encountered. The …

Dissertation In Organic Chemistry. Part I, The Fate Of The Anilino Moiety In The Rearrangement Of Α-Anilonoketones. Part Ii, Partial Rate Factors For Sulfonation Of Bromebenzene With Sulfur Trioxide. Part Iii., Preliminary Survey On The Effect Of High Pressure On Ferrocene And Cycloöctatetraene, Jerold Carter Robertson

Theses and Dissertations

Part I. The rearrangement of α-anilinoketones was studied in an effort to determine the mode of movement of the nitrogen moiety. A crossover experiment was carried out with an equimolar mixture of 2-(4- bromoanilino)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethanone and 2-(4-chloroanilino)-1-(4-chlorophenyl) -2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone with γ- picoline hydrobromide as the catalyst. The reaction product was analysed by means of a mass spectrograph. The results of the analysis indicate a crossover of the nitrogen moiety during rearrangement. This indicates that the nitrogen moiety moves in an intermolecular manner during the rearrangement. Part II. The isomer distribution from the sulfonation of bromobenzene with sulfur trioxide was determined by …

An Investigation Of Coulometric Methods Of Analysis Of 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine, David M. Creighton

Theses and Dissertations

The oxidation of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine by bromine has been studied using a coulometric method of bromine generation, and a dual intermediate system of bromide and cupric ions in solution. The system allowed over-generation of bromine and back-titration by cupric ion. The results of the investigation showed that the mechanism of oxidation is not fixed, but is a function of the concentration of bromine in the solution at any time. Additional studies have been recommended, whereby the mechanisms of the reactions may be determined.

The Micropaleontology And Stratigraphy Of The Subsurface "Heath" Formation (Mississippian-Pennsylvanian) Of Western North Dakota, Harold C. Ziebarth

Theses and Dissertations

The thesis here abstracted was written under the direction of F. D. Holland, Jr., and approved by Wilson M. Laird and Walter L. Moore as members of the examining committee, of which Dr. Holland was chairman.

The “Heath” Formation, between the underlying Otter and the overlying Amsden(?) Formations in the subsurface of southwestern North Dakota, is a source of petroleum in the Scoria-Fryburg, Rocky Ridge and Dickinson oil fields. Cores, cut from the interval under study, of twenty wells in this area, were the source of fossil and lithologic samples studied. Changes in lithology in these cores compared with changes …

Foraminiferida From Outcrops Of The Niobrara Shale (Upper Cretaceous) Of North Dakota, Kent A. Madenwald

Theses and Dissertations

Microfossils were obtained from outcrop samples of the Niobrara Formation in northeastern North Dakota and from subsurface samples in southeastern North Dakota. Ninety-three species of foraminiferids, of which two are new and eight others of uncertain assignment, are described and figured. One species previously reported from the Oligocene and Miocene of Trinidad and two species from the Lower Oligocene and Miocene of Antigua, B. W. I., were collected and described which extend the range of those species down to the Upper Cretaceous. The major portion of the fauna described is correlative with previously described faunas from Nebraska, Kansas and South …

Petrography Of The Midale Subinterval In The Bottineau And Renville Counties Area, North Dakota, Morris J. Mccollum

Theses and Dissertations

About 250 thin sections of core samples from the Midale subinterval in the Bottineau-Renville Counties area of North Dakota (T161N-T164N and R78W-R86W) were studied petrographically. The Midale subinterval is the basal section of the Ratcliffe interval of the Madison Group of Mississippian age. In the area of study it is composed of interbedded fine grained limestones, pelletiferous and oolitic limestones, and primary anhydrite. Dolomitization of the limestones in varying stages is common and the dolomitized limestones are usually fine grained. Course crystals of secondary anhydrite are common as vug and fracture filling and as a replacement of the carbonates.

The …

Glacial Geology Of Northern Logan County, South-Central North Dakota, Lee Clayton

Theses and Dissertations

Northern Logan County, in south-central North Dakota, is included in two physiogeographic divisions: the southwest fifth is part of the glaciated Missouri Plateau that has integrated drainage and thin drift, and the rest is part of the Missouri Coteau, which has thick drift and nonintegrated drainage. Logan County is underlain by the Cretaceous Pierre Shale, undifferentiated Cretaceous sand, sandstone, and mudstone, and by three surface drifts, the Napoleon (lower part of the Wisconsin Stage), the Long Lake, and the Burnstad (upper part of the Wisconsin Stage) Drifts.

Landforms of the area southwest of the Coteau include ground moraine, outwash plains, …

A Thermodynamic Study Of Step-Wise Complex Formation In Several Aqueous Copper (Ii)-Amino Acid Systems, Vipin M. Kothari

Theses and Dissertations

pK_n values for step-wise dissociation of protons from the protonated ligands (glycine, α-amino isobutyric acid, sarcosine and theonine) were determined potentiometrically with a Beckman Model GS pH meter in aqueous solution at 10, 20, 30 and 40° C. Log K values for step-wise interaction of glycine, α-amino isobutyric acid, sarcosine and threonine with copper(II) ion were also determined potentiometrically with a pH meter at 10, 20, 30 and 40° C. The standard free energy of formation for the step-wise interaction of copper(II) with each of the above ligands was calculated from the values of log K. Enthalpy and entropy changes …

A Thermodynamic Study Of Complex Formation In Aqueous Solution.|Ni.|Pthe Hg(Ii)-, Zn(Ii)-, Cd(Ii)-, Ag(I)-Serine Systems.|Nii.|Pthe Hg(Ii)-, Zn(Ii)-, Cd(Ii)-, In(Iii)- Thioglycollic Acid System :|Ba Study Of The Effect Of D[Pi]-D[Pi] Bonding On These Complexes, Marriner Lee Morrell

Theses and Dissertations

Thermodynamic equilibrium constants were obtained potentiometrically using a Beckman pH meter for metal-serine and metal-thioglycolloc acid complexes to study the thermodynamic properties of the complexes and the effect of dπ - dπ bonding on the equilibrium constants. The following calculations were made: 1. The stepwise dissociation of protons from serine at 10, 20, 30, and 40°C and the stepwise dissociation of protons from thioglycollic acid at 20, 30, and 40°C. 2. The thermodynamic formation constants for Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), and Ag(I) with serine at 10, 20, 30, and 40°C and at two ionic strengths. 3. The thermodynamic formation constants for …

The Influence Of Temperature And Some Other Factors On The Biological And Nonbiological Oxidation Of Chalcopyrite, Pyrite And Copper Sulfide, Ezra Revier Palmer

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was: (1) to find the effect of temperature on the wet oxidation of chalcopyrite, pyrite, and copper sulfide over the biological and nonbiological range; (2) to determine the influence of ferrous and ferric iron and free oxygen(air) on the oxidation. The sulfide minerals studied were oxidized over a range of temperatures between 25° to 75° C. The optimum biological oxidation occurred near 35° C. The nonbiological oxidation was very slow at low temperatures but increased with increasing temperature. The effect of solutions used in leaching the various sulfides over the temperature range differred. A synthetic …

Investigation Of The Platinum-Rich Portion Of The Platinum-Tantalum Phase Diagram, Bob Dean Browning

Theses and Dissertations

The Pt-Ta binary system was investigated at two isotherms;1000°C and 1500°C, and at eleven alloy compositions in the range of 50 to 100 atomic percent platinum. The alloys were examined by x-ray diffraction and metallography. Three intermetallic compounds, Pt₂Ta, Pt₃Ta, and Pt₄Ta were found to exist in this composition range. The Pt₄Ta intermetallic appeared only at the 1500°C isotherm. Platinum dissolved tantalum substitutionally to 90 atomic percent at 1500 °C and to approximately 80 atomic percent at 1000 °C.

The Surficial Geology Of Southern Logan County, North Dakota, John W. Bonneville

Theses and Dissertations

Southern Logan County, North Dakota, was glaciated at least three different times during the Pleistocene epoch. Scattered patches of highly weathered iron-cemented drift found in the area of eroded Cretaceous bedrock in southwest-era Logan County are very possibly pre-Wisconsinan in age. Two younger drift sheets of Wisconsinan age cover the remaining portion of the county. One of these drifts, the Napoleon drift, is probably early Wisconsinan, and the other, the Burnstad-Streeter drift, is likely late Wisconsinan in age.

A great diversity in types of glacial topography and individual features is found in southern Logan County. Excellent examples of end moraine, …

Application Of The Quasi-Lattice Theory To The Heats Of Mixing Of Some Alcohol-Hydrocarbon Systems, Mar Lynn James

Theses and Dissertations

Values for the heats of mixing were obtained calorimetrically for the systems C2H5OH-C6H12, CH3OH-C6H6 and C2H5OH-C6H6 at 25° over the complete range of composition. Analytical equations which summarize these values are: Benzene (1) - Methanol (2) System ΔHxM = x1x2[628.4 + 365.7(x1-x2) + 521.9(x1-x2)3 + 819.8(x1-x2)4 ] Benzene (1) - Ethanol (2) System ΔHxM = x1x2[748.8 + 534.1(x1-x2) + 265.7(x1-x2)2 + 408.7(x1-x2)3 + 434.1(x1-x2)4 ] Cyclohexane (1) - Ethanol (2) System ΔHxM = x1x2[615.0 + 132.4(x1-x2) + 195.9(x1-x2)2 + 251.5(x1-x2)3 + 521.7(x1-x2)4 ] where xi is the mole fraction of component i. The experimental data were satisfactorily interpreted by a …

An Investigation Of Solvent Extraction Techniques In The Determination Of Formation Constants Of Complex Species In Aqueous Silver Chloride Solution, David Martin Bodily

Theses and Dissertations

Solvent extraction techniques have been used to determine formation constants for molecular silver chloride and dichloro silver (I) ion in unsaturated aqueous solutions. Nitrobenzene was used to extract the molecular silver chloride from the aqueous silver chloride solution. The total concentration of silver in each phase was determined by radioassay techniques and related by an expression involving the equilibrium constants. The reciprocal of the distribution ratio times the activity of the chloride ion was plotted versus the activity of the chloride ion and portions of the curve were analyzed by the method of least squares to obtain values for the …

The Vitamin B1-Sparing Action Of Sorbitol, Gisela Eleanor Bethsold

Theses and Dissertations

The present study was initiated to determine the effect sorbitol has upon the enzymatic functions of thiamin; specifically, what effect sorbitol bas upon the alpha-ketoglutarate and pyruvate dehydrogenases activities of rat liver mitochondria. In addition, the effect of varying the dietary sorbitol concentration on the development of an athiaminosis was studied, particularly the effect on growth rate.

An Investigation Of The Formation Constant Of Molecular Silver Chloride Using Ion Exchange Techniques.|Nii.|Pan Investigation Of The Rate Of Precipitation Of Silver Sulfide By Thioacetamide, James W. Pyper

Theses and Dissertations

The first part of this work reports on the investigation of the formation constant of molecular silver chloride using ion exchange techniques. In order to determine the formation constant, it was necessary to develop a method of rinsing the sorbed molecular silver chloride from the resin. It was found that desorption with nitrobenzene would remove the sorbed molecular species. However, the formation constant was not calculated since the nitrobenzene used contained hydrogen ion and chloride ion which removed silver ion as well as the molecular species. In the study of the formation of silver sulfide by the reaction between the …

Stratigraphy Of The Winnipeg And Deadwood Formations In North Dakota, Clarence G. Carlson

Theses and Dissertations

The Deadwood formation includes all of the pre-Winnipeg sedimentary rocks of North Dakota which range in thickness from an erosional edge in the subsurface of northeastern North Dakota to at least 1,000 feet in northwestern North Dakota. It is composed of sandstone, shale, and carbonate of Late Cambrian to Early Crdovician age. Facies relationships are not entirely clear, but sedimentation appears to have been continuous from Late Cambrian to Early Crdovician in the Williston Basin. Conodonts from the upper part of the Deadwood formation in northwestern North Dakota are brownish-black, mostly simple cone types and suggest an Early Drdovician age …

An Investigation Of The Bakken And Englewood Formations (Kinderhookian) Of North Dakota And Northwestern South Dakota, Jack Kume

Theses and Dissertations

Lower Mississippian rocks of the Williston Basin and Black Hills include the Bakken and Englewood formations of Kinderhockian age. The Englewood formation crops out in the northern Black Hills and can be traced with difficulty into the subsurface. The Bakken formation does not crop out in the area out in the area of this study. This study is based upon well sample and mechanical log information and measured surface sections.

The Englewood in the outcrops consists of a lower shale unit, a middle argillaceous and shaly limestone unit, and an upper delomitie limestone unit. A type section, NW, SE; see. …

Early History Of Malad Valley, Glade F. Howell

Theses and Dissertations

The Malad Valley is geographically located in a unique position in the Pacific Northwest. The Bear River and its main affluent, the Malad River, are the only rivers in the Pacific Northwest that drain into the Great Basin, whereas the other streams and rivers of the states of Washington, Idaho, and Oregon empty eventually into the Pacific Ocean. It is also characterized for being the northern end of prehistoric Lake Bonneville, and eventually it was through this valley that an outlet opened to drain the lake. The soil deposits from this lake left a fertile valley, capable of producing most …

Factors That Influenced Homesteading And Land Abandonment In San Juan County, Utah, Melvin J. Frost

Theses and Dissertations

Homesteading in San Juan County, Utah is for the most part, located on Sage Plain at elevations between 6,000 to 7,200 feet. Sage Plain is an undulating surface deeply dissected with canyons. The soil is relatively shallow and the predominant vegetation is pinyon, juniper, sage brush and blue-stem grass.

The 52 year mean precipitation is 15.47 inches. Since the beginning of weather records there has been a noticeable decrease in the annual precipitation. There is generally sufficient moisture to mature winter wheat. Pinto beans are also grown in the more favorable locations.

Principle factors that have influenced homesteading and land …

The Surficial Geology Of North-Central Kidder County, North Dakota, Wallace E. Bakken

Theses and Dissertations

Kidder County is situated in central North Dakota within the glaciated Missouri Plateau. Rocks underlying the drift range from Cretaceous (Pierre formation) through Palocene (Tongue River formation) in age. The Pierre and Fox Hills formations constitute the majority of the pre-Pleistocene surface. Ice-shove deformation, apparently during Cary time, tilted blocks of Fox Hills in the Sibley Buttes into northeastward-dipping positions.

Cary and Mankato subages of Wisconsin age are represented at the surface. Ages are difficult to assign to drift sheets on the basis of lithology or degree of weathering of included tills; but by correlation from South Dakota and crosscutting …

Pleistocene Geology Of Northern Kidder County, North Dakota, James Chmelik

Theses and Dissertations

The topography of northern Kidder County is due almost entirely to glacial deposition. This are is covered with glacial drift up to a thickness of at least 269 feet which was deposited during Wisconsin ice advances. Seventy-five percent of the area has stagnation moraine which typically exhibits knob-and-kettle topography, has high local relief with no linear trends, and which was deposited after the ice became stagnant. Many kames and eskers were formed contemporaneously with stagnation moraine. The names, Lake Williams and Woodhouse Lake loops, and proposed for and moraines deposited by Cary and Mankato ice advances, respectively. The Lake Williams …

Glacial Geology Of South-Central Kidder County, North Dakota, Barrett J. Williams

Theses and Dissertations

South-central Kidder County is covered with deposits of drift brought by ice sheets which invaded the areas from the northeast and east. Bedrock of Cretaceous age underlies the drift mantle. The drift on the surface in Kidder County represents the Cary and Mankato substages of the Wisconsin Stage of Pleistocene series.

Three types of moraines, ground, stagnation, and end moraine, are present in the area. Five late Wisconsin and moraines are distinguished and named in this portion of Kidder County. These are, from west to east and oldest to youngest, the Long Lake loop and Sibley Buttes loop of Cary …

Studies On The Biological Oxidation Of Ferrous Iron And Chalcopyrite, Loral Alvin Decker

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of the leaching streams from waste copper ore dumps as a nutrient solution for subsequent biological oxidation and solubilization of sulfide minerals. The copper in the leaching streams is precipitated by displacement with iron. As a result of this procedure the solution is high in ferrous iron concentration and has a pH of near 3.7. The bacteria in the leaching streams are capable of oxidizing ferrous iron to the ferric state and sulfide minerals to sulfates. The effects of temperatures, pH, urea, and aeration rate on the oxidation of the …

The Cytochrome Composition Of Bacillus Subtilis And Bacillus Megaterium, John Harvey Mangum

Theses and Dissertations

A spectroscopic and enzymatic investigation of the cytochromes of B. megaterium and B. subtilis was conducted. Attempts were made to isolate and characterize the individual cytochromes as well as to determine the locale of such activities as cytochrome c oxidase, DPNH oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, cytochrome c reductase and diaphorse. Only two methods proved effective in liberating the cytochromes; disruption of the cells with sonic osillations and grinding tlhe cells with alumina. These procedures caused a fragmentation of the cell membrane. It was found that the entire cytochrome complement of these two bacteria was bound intimately to particles which most likely …