Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Physical And Petrographic Characteristics Of Formcoke Produced Experimentally From Lignite And Subbituminous Coal, Bruce L. Ramsey

Theses and Dissertations

Formcoke was produced experimentally from a North Dakota lignite and a Wyoming subbituminous coal. The effect of initial charring temperature (600°C or 900°C), of char grain size (less than 18 mesh, less than 35 mesh, or less than 60 mesh), of briquetting pressure (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 9000 or 10,000 psi) of binder percentage (5, 10, 15, 20 or 25 per cent), and of final carbonization heating rate (18°C/:min, 12°C/min or 6°C/min) on formcoke briquet com pressive strength was studied.

A final carbonization heating rate of 6°C/min produced uniform shape briquets. Rates of 12°C/min and 18°C/min …

Paleontology Of Brackish-Water Faunas In Two Tongues Of The Cannonball Formation (Paleocene, Danian), Slope And Golden Valley Counties, Southwestern North Dakota, James B. Van Alstine

Theses and Dissertations

In June and July, 1972, four stratigraphic sections were mea sured and described in Slope and Golden Valley Counties, southwestern North Dakota. Within the sections, the Cannonball and Ludlow Formations are recognized. The Cannonball consists of two tongues in the upper part of the Ludlow (perhaps equivalent to the Lebo Member), separated stratigraphically by about 30 roof Ludlow. The U tongue (upper tongue in the study area) is up to 11. 7 m thick. The L tongue (lower tongue. in the study area) is up to 3.8 m thick. The Cannonball is composed mostly of mudstones and the Ludlow consists …

The Foraminiferids Of The Cannonball Formation (Paleocene, Danian) And Their Paleoenvironmental Significance : Grant, Morton And Oliver Counties, North Dakota, William E. Fenner

Theses and Dissertations

Two hundred-forty samples (of which fifty-five contained micro fossils) were collected from six measured sections in the Cannonball Formation (Paleocene, Danian) in Grant, Morton and Oliver Counties, North Dakota. Twenty-six species of benthonic foraminiferids were identified from these samples: 6 textulariines, 2 miliolines and 18 rotaliines. No planktonic foraminiferids were found. The fauna is characterized by a predominance of individuals of textulariines, especially the lituolids. Although the Cannonball Formation is characterized by an alternating sequence of sandstones and mudstones> the foraminiferid fauna was restricted to the mudstone facies in the upper and upper-middle part of the formation. Two characteristic assemblages …

A Mechanical Well Log Study Of The Popular Interval Of The Mississippian Madison Formation In North Dakota, C. W. Cook

Theses and Dissertations

The Poplar interval of interbedded evaporites and carbonates forms the uppermost part of the Mississippian Madison Forr.1ation in western North Dakota. A detailed mechanical well log study of the Poplar interval in North Dakota was conducted to interpret the Poplar's regional geology and to attempt to locate areas with potential for petroleum production. Limestone, dolomite, anhydrite and salt were differentiated using mechanical well logs.

The complex facies of the Madison are subdivided into para-time rock units (the Poplar interval is one) on the basis of extensive thin anhydrite beds which are considered time-parallel.

The base of the Poplar interval is …

State Of Bacterial Dna After Uptake Into The Roots Of Germinating Barley Seeds, Larry Dale Lawson

Theses and Dissertations

Germinating barley seeds have been shown to take up Bacillus subtilis DNA labelled with 5-bromouracil and tritiated thymidine and retain the DNA in the root system without substantially degrading it. The percentage of bacterial DNA recovered from the total root DNA was independent of the amount of bacterial DNA available for uptake. Four observations indicated the stability of bacterial DNA after uptake into barley roots: (1) the bacterial DNA retained its transforming ability after recovery from the roots; (2) the labelled B. subtilis DNA showed similar CsCl density gradient patterns before uptake and after uptake; (3) most of the radioactivity …

I. An Isothermal Titration Microcalorimeter. Ii. Importance Of Micronutrients In Nutrition. Iii. Zinc Bibliography, John Willard Gardner

Theses and Dissertations

I. An isothermal titration microcalorimeter having a colume of 4 ml and capable of temerature control to ±2 x 10-5°C is described. Major components include a constant temperature water bath controlled to ±3 x 10-4°C, a platinum reation vessel, and an isothermal control circuit consisting of constant Peltier thermoelectric cooling and variable Joule heating controlled by a thermistor in an AC Wheatstone bridge circuit. The calorimeter was tested by measuring the heat of ionization of water and was found to produce data accurate to ± 0.1% where small samples are used such as in the investigation of many biological systems.

Development Of Standard Procedures For Determination Of [Delta]G° (K), [Delta]H° And [Delta]S° Values Via Potentiometric And Calorimetric Titration Techniques, Jack Hugh Ruckman

Theses and Dissertations

Standard computer techniques were developed for computation of ΔG° values from potentiometric titration data and ΔH° values from calorimetric titration data. The procedures developed can be used for any systems having the general equations HA = W^+ + A^- ; H_2A = 2H^+ + A^2- ; and H_3A = 3H^+ + A^3-, where the proton ionizations may be consecutive or simultaneous. The thermodynamic values ΔG°(K), ΔH° and ΔS° were determined for the ionization of protons from the protonated compounds methionine (-NH_3^+ group only), phosphoethanalomine and phosphoserine. The compounds studied were selected because they contain one, two and three ionizable protons …

Little Drum Mountains, An Early Tertiary Shoshonitic Volcanic Center In Millard County, Utah, Stephen H. Leedom

Theses and Dissertations

The Little Drum Mountains represent a deeply eroded Eocene-Oligocene volcano, consisting of a vent complex which erupted mafic flows and flow breccias, accompanied by lahars. Flows are dominated by members of the shoshonite suite and contain up to 3.95 percent K₂O, mainly occult in K-rich glass, with K₂O/Na₂O ratios greater than 1.0. In a few interbedded flows, apparently of the calc-alkaline series, pyroxene with varying amounts of plagioclase in a fine-grained groundmass of plagioclase, mafic minerals, and interstitial glass. An ash-flow tuff of the Oligocene Needles Range Formation unconformably overlies the volcanic sequence. Contemporaneous …

The Determination Of Thiamin And Its Derivatives In Brain Tissue Of Control, Thiamin-Deficient, Oxythiamin- And Pyrithiamin-Treated Rats, David S. Murdock

Theses and Dissertations

The determination of total thiamin, free thiamin, thiamin di phosphate (TDP) plus thiamin triphosphate (TTP), and total α- hydroxyethylthiamin (HET) levels in rat brain in control, deficient, oxythiamin- (OTH) and pyrithiamin- (PTH) treated rats was accomplished. It was found that the TDP + TTP/thiamin ratio observed in the thiamin-deficient, OTH- and PTH-treated rats was constant and did not differ from the ratio observed in the control rat brains. The brain levels of TDP + TTP decreased to 39% and 12% of the control thiamin levels in deficient and PTH-treated rats respectively. The brain HET and TDP + TTP levels of …

Transforming Ability Of Bacillus Subtilis Dna Taken Up By Barley Embryos, Christine Tolman Ence

Theses and Dissertations

Purified Bacillus subtilis DNA taken up by one-day-old barley embryos and permanently fixed within the barley cell is shown to have maintained its biological activity in B. subtilis transformation. Cesuim chloride density gradient centrifugation of DNA isolated from the roots of barley embryos after the uptake and incorporation of radioactive, bromouracil-labelled B. subtilis DNA indicates the presence of the bacterial DNA in several discreet bands of well-defined density, whose density is changed by sonication. These preliminary findings concerning the fate of bacterial DNA taken up by barley roots are discussed in terms of the recombination model of Ledoux and Huart …

The Purification And Characterization Of Cytochrome B₅ From Porcine Kidney, M. Dean Klingler

Theses and Dissertations

A soluble form of cytochrome b_5, with a 413/280 nm ratio of nearly unity, has been isolated and purified from porcine kidney using fractional precipitation, ion exchange resins, and gel filtration procedures. The cytochrome b_5 shows heat stability up to 50° and is stable in the pH range 6.0 to 8.5. The oxidized protein exhibits an absorption maximum at 413 nm, while the reduced form shows three peaks: 423, 526, 556 nm. Molecular weight determinations have given variable results, suggesting the possibility of a polymer composed of four and eight units of a 13,500 molecular weight protomer. This study has …

|Ni.|Pa Calorimetric Study Of The Heat Of Ionization Of Water At 10 And 40°C, And,|Nii.|Pa Calorimetric Determination Of The Heat Of Reaction Of Tris (Hydroxymethyl) Aminomethane (Tham) With Hydrochloric Acid In Aqueous Solution At 10, 25, And 40°C, Griffith Lyn Kimball

Theses and Dissertations

The heat of neutralization, ΔH_-N, of perchloric acid with sodium hydroxide has been determined at 10 and 40° in a low ionic strength, μ, region using a nonisothermal, constant-temperature-environment solution calorimeter. Correction of the data to infinite dilution by extrapolation of a plot of ΔH_-N vs μ^0.5 gives values at zero ionic strength for the heat of ionization of water of 14.216 and 12.695 kcal/mole, respectively, at 10 and 40° . The data are correlated with those of earlier workers to give an equation allowing the calculation of the heat of ionization of water at zero ionic strength over the …

⁷Li(D,P)⁸Li Excitation Function :|Be[Subscript D] = 0.623 Mev To 1.968 Mev, Albert E. Schilling

Theses and Dissertations

In this study the excitation function for the ^7Li(d,p)^8Li reaction is determined at incident deuteron energies ranging from 0.623MeV to 1.968MeV by counting the delayed alpha-particles as a result of the ^8Li beta decay. This excitation function reveals resonances at 0.777±0.012MeV and 1.031±0.015MeV with cross sections of 202±9mb and 188±8mb respectively. The uncertainty in the cross section values was due to three independent sources of error within this experiment, the solid angle, the ^8Li half-life, and the target (LiF) thickness. The uncertainty in the energy values was determined from an energy calibration of the accelerator used in this study. Resonances …

Reactions Of N₂F₄ And Sf₆ With H₂ Induced By Co₂ Laser Pulses And By Electrical Discharge, John Leslie Lyman

Theses and Dissertations

A high power pulsed CO_2 laser was used to induce reactions in gas mixtures containing either N_2F_4 or SF_6. The rate of laser induced dissociation of N_2F_4 to NF_2 was as much as 1000 times faster than the thermal rate, and the rate law was of lower order than the thermal, bimolecular rate law. Explosion threshold and induction time data were obtained for butene stabilized mixtures of N_2F_4 and H_2. HF laser gain was observed during the first few microseconds of CO_2 laser pulse, but it was strongly quenched by the explosion. The laser driven reaction of SF_6 with H_2 …

Thermodynamic Equilibrium Formation Constants And Molal Concentrations Of The Complexed Mercury-Containing Species Of Mercuric Chloride In Added Hydrochloric Acid And Methanol-Water Solvent Mixtures, Karl Jennings Walker

Theses and Dissertations

Saturated solutions of mercuric chloride in different methanol-water and hydrochloric acid solvent mixtures were equilibrated at 25.00 ± 0.01°C. Total mercury and free chloride concentrations were determined by analytical procedures and the data were analyzed with the aid of the computer. Tabulated below are the results of this study: [--see thesis for table--]

Depositional Environments Of The Upper Part Of The Sentinel Butte Formation, Southeastern Mckenzie County, North Dakota, Robert Post Johnson

Theses and Dissertations

The depositional environments of a 40 meter thick interval in the upper part of the Sentinel Butte Formation in southeastern McKenzie County, North Dakota have been determined from the sedimentary structures, geometry, distribution of grain· sizes, and stratigraphic relations of cyclic lithostratigraphic units. The top of the study interval is the top of the upper yellow marker bed.

An elongate, tabular sand bed was studied in detail. It is 12 meters thick and 3 kilometers wide and it is interpreted to have been deposited by lateral accretion in a high-sinuosity stream. Paleo current indicators are parallel to the long axis …

Depositional Environments Of The Lower Tullock Formation (Paleocene), Slope County, Southwestern North Dakota, William K. Hickey

Theses and Dissertations

The lower Tullock Formation (Paleocene), which consists of a section 5 to 30 feet thick, was studied in Slope County, southwestern North Dakota to determine its depositional environments. The lithol ogies present are sand, silt, clay and lignite. A bed of lignite or yellow silt marks the base of the Tullock Formation throughout the study area.

The silt beds are interpreted as having been deposited as natural levees because they are wedge-shaped and contain climbing ripple cross-stratification, interbedded sand lenses and lignitized paleo-raot systems. Well-drained swamp deposits are difficult to distinguish, but are probably located in the silt beds.

There …

Quaternary Geology Of Sargent County, North Dakota, Dennis N. Neilsen

Theses and Dissertations

Sargent County, in southeastern North Dakota, was glaciated during the Pleistocene Epoch. Objectives of a study of Sargent County were to (1) describe the surface sediment and interpret its origin, (2) correlate, where possible, this sediment with that of adjacent areas, and (3) recon struct the general geologic history of the county for the Quaternary Period.

A geologic map of the county was prepared using field data, topo graphic maps, aerial stereopairs, and soil maps. A map showing surface sediment origin was subsequently made using the available field and laboratory information.

Most of Sargent County is typical rolling prairie underlain …

Latest Cenozoic Stratigraphy Of Lake Sakakawea Area, Northeast Mercer County, North Dakota, Donald Kieth Sackreiter

Theses and Dissertations

The latest Cenozoic in northeast Mercer County, North Dakota, is represented by five formations. They are, from bottom to top: the Charging Eagle Formation, the Medicine Hill Formation, the Snow School Formation, the Coteau Formation, and the Oahe Formation.

The Charging Eagle Formation is mainly fluvial sediment. Most of the sediment was derived from the west with only minor amounts from the northeast. It contains the first evidence of glaciation in the area.

The lower Medicine Hill Formation is mainly sediment deposited by a northeast-flowing ancestor of the Missouri River and by melt-water streams. The upp.er Medicine Hill Formation is …

Quaternary Stratigraphy Of The Lake Sakakawea Area, Mclean County, North Dakota, James H. Ulmer

Theses and Dissertations

The Quaternary stratigraphy of central North Dakota is best exposed along the nearly continuous, 20-meter-high, vertical bluffs of Lake Sakakawea in the Missouri River trench. The following lithostratigraphic units (in ascending order) are exposed just north of Riverdale, North Dakota, and can be correlated for tens of kilometers along the bluffs: (1) Sentinel Butte Formation (lignite-bearing sediment of Paleocene age), (2) lower Medicine Hill Formation (fluvial sand and gravel), (3) upper Medicine Hill Formation (massive pebble loam with silt and gravel inclusions> glacial sediment), (4) lower Horseshoe Valley Formation (fluvial sand and gravel), (5) upper Horseshoe Valley Formation (jointed pebble-loam, …

Stratigraphy And Sedimentary History Of Middle Cenozoic (Oligocene And Miocene) Deposits In North Dakota, William J. Stone

Theses and Dissertations

Middle Cenozoic (Oligocene and Miocene) continental deposits of North America have been most studied in southwestern South Dakota and western Nebraska where the White River Group constitutes a fairly complete Oligocene record, and the Arikaree Group of early Miocene age is commonly the sole remaining record of that epoch. Isolated outcrops in adjacent states also offer opportunities for studying the middle Cenozoic history of the Midcontinent but disagreement as to the physical stratigraphy of such deposits has hindered further work in these areas. The main purpose of this study is to present a viable stratigraphic framework for the middle Cenozoic …

Hydrogeology Of A Sanitary Landfill, Mandan, North Dakota, Raymond D. Butler

Theses and Dissertations

The data from this study can be applied to much of southwestern North Dakota because the geologic and climatic conditions are similar.

The Mandan landfill is on the Heart River floodplain and next to the river on the north and steep valley wall on the south. The sanitary landfill bas been used for over 20 years.

The only pre-Pleistocene unit exposed is the Cannonball Formation, which is interbedded sand, silt, and clay. Quaternary units consist of till, fluvial sand, silt, clay, and gravel, and eolian sand and silt.

A local flow system recharges on the upland next to the valley …

Ordovician Corals Of The Williston Basin Periphery, Frank P. Caramanica

Theses and Dissertations

Tabulate and rugose corals are described from the Ordovician Red River) Stony Mountain, and Stonewall Formations in southern Manitoba and the Ordovician Bighorn Formation in northern Wyoming. Fifty-four species, 12 of which are new, are distributed in 20 genera. The Flower Model of coral evolution, based on wall microstructure of colonial corals, is extended to include the septa! Microstructure of colonial and solitary corals. "Primitive" corals are characterized by non t-rabeculate walls and septa whereas "advanced" forms are characterizedby trabeculate walls and septa. "Mid-range" corals are those with intermediate stages of trabecular development in walls .and septa. Corals in the …

High- And Low-Sinuosity Stream Deposits Of The Sentinel Butte Formation (Paleocene) Mckenzie County, North Dakota, Victor B. Cherven

Theses and Dissertations

High-sinuosity channel deposits in the Sentinel Butte Formation occur as elongate, tabular beds of sand that fine upward from an erosional base. The sand beds contain epsilon cross-stratification, within which stratification changes upward from large-scale trough crossstratification to horizontal stratification and small-scale crossstratification, indicating upward decrease in flow regime due to accretion of laterally-migrating point bars. Inset in the sand beds are channelplug deposits that are narrow and arcuate in map view and asymmetrically trough shaped in cross-section, and consist of sandy silt and clay. Lowsinuosity channel deposits occur as elongate, trough-shaped sand beds that fine upward from a deeply-channeled …

Pleistocene Stratigraphy Of The Red Lake Falls Area, Minnesota, Kenneth L. Harris

Theses and Dissertations

Seven formations are present along a 50-mile stretch of the Red Lake River in Pennington, Red Lake, and Polk Counties, Minnesota. Five formations are largely glacial, sediment, and two are largely lacustr1ne sediment deposited during phases of Lake Agassiz.

The Gervais Formation (pre-Wisconsinan or early Wisconsinan) is mostly fluvial or lacustrine sediment modified by glacial ice of unknown source. The Marcoux Formation (pre Wisconsinan or Wisconsinan) is largely sediment deposited by glacial ice that advanced from the northeast over the Canadian Shield. The St. Hilaire. Formation (Wisconsinan) is mainly sediment deposited by glacial ice that advanced from a western or …

Heavy Minerals Of Glacial Sediments In The Area Of Red Lake Falls, Minnesota, Howard Hobbs

Theses and Dissertations

Pleistocene lithostratigraphic units containing glacial sediments in the Red Lake Falls, Minnesota, area and adjacent areas were studied to determine their heavy-mineral assemolages. Seventy-two samples of fine sand were studied by optical grain-count methods and 77 samples of fine sand were studied by x-ray diffraction methods. Most formations contain a hornblende-garnet-pyroxene-epidote assemblage; the Gervais Formation contains a pyroxene-hornblende assemblage. The mean proportion of the constituent minerals is different in each formation; however, there is overlap in the ranges of heavy mineral proportions among the formations. The Red Lake Falls Formation can be subdivided on the basis of garnet abundance.

Description And Origin Of Carbonate Minerals In The Upper And Lower Cherty Members Of The Biwabik Formation, Minnesota, Leslie R. Honeyman

Theses and Dissertations

This study was done for the Erie Mining Company after periodic problems with the quality of pellets from taconit2 of the Biwabik Formation had been linked to the presence of carbonate minerals. The carbonates found in the cherty members of the Precambrian Biwabik Formation are predominantly siderite, ankerite, and calcite. Siderite is the only primary carbonate mineral and occurs in three forms: microgranular, granular (oolitic), and crystalline aggregates (recrystallized). Ankerite is a secondary mineral occurring as crystalline aggregates and alteration rims on granular siderite. Calcite is found only in fractures and fault zones. Siderite formed from the original precipitate and …

Lasing Conditions Of Elemental Sulfur In A Gas Discharge, David E. Egbert

Theses and Dissertations

The partial pressures from heated sulfur crystals and helium, and sulfur and nitrogen required for ionic sulfur laser action in a gas discharge were determined. Previous work with sulfur lasers is reviewed and population inversion mechanisms are presented for the ionic sulfur laser lines. Possible excitation mechanisms are presented for both electron and ion or atomic collision excitation. Transition diagrams for all the known ionic sulfur laser transitions and an approximate potential energy curve for the diatomic sulfur molecule are presented. Laser action was achieved only when a spark gap pulser was used with a laser tube especially designed to …

Enzymatic Synthesis Of Oligoribonucleotides Of Defined Base Sequence, Bronwyn Geraldine Hughes

Theses and Dissertations

A possible method for the synthesis of ordered oligoribonucleotides involves primer-dependent polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) synthesis using the RNase A or T1 resistant N-cyclohexyl-N'-β(4-methylmorpholinium)ethylcarbodiimide chloride (CMC-Cl) derivatives of uridine or guanosine containing primers. Thus, CMC-UpA, CMC-GpA, CMC-UpCpC, CMC-GpApC, and ApApApApU-CMC were prepared and studied as primers for PNPase in 15 min 14C-ADP polymerization reactions and also in 6-10 hr synthesis reactions. The CMC-primers were not suitable primers for PNPase catalyzed synthesis reactions for either time. The PNPases used in such studies were contaminated with nuclease that showed the following order of susceptibility: UpA > CpC, GpA > ApU, ApA. Even a highly purified …

Electrolytic Synthesis Of [Gamma]-Diketones, Leon F. Pahler

Theses and Dissertations

Four γ-diketones were synthesized by using a modification of the Kolbe electrolytic condensation of β-ketocarboxylic acids. [--see equation in thesis--] The following γ-diketones were synthesized in moderate yields: 2,5-hexanedione, 4,7-decanedione, 2,2,7,7-tetramethyl- 3,6-octanedione, and 1,4-diphenyl-1,4-butanedione (34, 39, 23, and 27, respectively). However, attempted preparation of the following γ-diketones failed: 3,4-dimethyl- 2,5-hexanedione, 3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-2,5-hexanedione, and 1,4-di(2-thienyl)-1,4-butanedione. Attempts to electrolytically condense α-alkyl and α, α-dialkyl substituted monocarboxylic acids have been reported and all attempts have ended in failure; similarly, the attempts to synthesize 3,4-dimethyl and 3,3,4,4-tetramethyl- 2,5-hexanedione from 2-methyl and 2,2-dimethyl-3- oxobutanoic acid, respectively, failed. The preparation of 1,4-di(2-thienyl)-l,4-butanedione failed because the product or …