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Articles 31 - 60 of 1321
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Hydrothermal Synthesis Of First-Row Transition Metal Polyanions Towards The Design Of Frustrated Magnetic Materials, Megan Smart
Hydrothermal Synthesis Of First-Row Transition Metal Polyanions Towards The Design Of Frustrated Magnetic Materials, Megan Smart
All Dissertations
Novel modern materials are constantly being discovered as humanity seeks constantly better improvement to the optics and electronics around us, from lasers used in medical therapies to the magnets and supercomputing chips in our phones. Inorganic oxides commonly draw inspiration from naturally occurring minerals to template new discoveries through substitution of similarly behaving elements with the goal of inducing certain desired properties, such as ferroelectricity or creating the elusive quantum spin liquid. While many minerals are silicates, its periodic table neighbor germanium(IV) has a rich and under-explored crystal chemistry that could contain many new structures and magnetic materials. Another common …
The Room Temperature Electrolysis Of F-Elements In Aqueous And Ionic Liquid Media: Synthesis, Dissolution, And Reduction, Phillip George Hammer
The Room Temperature Electrolysis Of F-Elements In Aqueous And Ionic Liquid Media: Synthesis, Dissolution, And Reduction, Phillip George Hammer
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Procuring F-element metals is no simple task and often requires the use of caustic and hazardous materials at high temperatures. These materials are invaluable for a variety of scientific missions ranging from the elucidation of fundamental properties, as fast spectrum nuclear fuel forms, to pit production modernizing our nuclear stockpiles. Metallic actinide materials are essential to strategic and critical materials recovery, the nuclear energy sector, and weapons production. Room temperature electrolysis is envisioned as a process to recover laboratory scale (milligram to gram) quantities of actinide metals. This process closes the uranium chemical loop allowing the reclamation of materials for …
Antibacterial Testing On Silver/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles/Organoclay Reinforced Chitosan Biocomposites, Lisna Junaeni Muiz, Ariadne Lakshmidevi Juwono, Zulkarnaen Paputungan, Yuni Krisyuningsih Krisnandi
Antibacterial Testing On Silver/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles/Organoclay Reinforced Chitosan Biocomposites, Lisna Junaeni Muiz, Ariadne Lakshmidevi Juwono, Zulkarnaen Paputungan, Yuni Krisyuningsih Krisnandi
Makara Journal of Science
Herein, bionanocomposites of chitosan (CS)/silver nanoparticle/organoclay/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CS/Ag/OC/ZnO) were prepared for antibacterial food packaging. This study examines the time variation in the AgNP synthesis method by comparing local (74˗85% deacetylated) and commercial chitosan (75%˗85% deacetylated) as a reducing and capping agent and seeks to reconstruct the optimum ratio formulations of AgNPs and ZnONPs in bionanocomposites for food packaging. The results reveal that the synthesis of AgNPs was successfully carried out using a local chitosan solution as a reducing and capping agent. The CS/Ag/OC/ZnO films exhibit structural, mechanical, and optical properties suitable for food packaging and antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus …
Characterization And Electrolysis Of Zn And Cu 2,6-Diacetylpyridine Bis(2-Hydrazinopyridine), Bailee G. Duff, Christine Phipps, Craig Grapperhaus
Characterization And Electrolysis Of Zn And Cu 2,6-Diacetylpyridine Bis(2-Hydrazinopyridine), Bailee G. Duff, Christine Phipps, Craig Grapperhaus
The Cardinal Edge
With increasing demands for fuel and concerns over climate change, the search for sustainable energy sources is ever growing. Hydrogen is a potential solution to these issues, as it is clean, recyclable, and efficient. However, hydrogen must be generated, unlike other fuel sources that are naturally ready for use. The most sustainable method for hydrogen production involves water electrolysis, as no pollution is generated. The water splitting process contains a cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and an anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). These reactions require a catalyst to overcome the kinetic barrier present and meet the high voltage requirements for …
Improved Stoichiometric Synthesis Of Ccc-Nhc Pincer Rh Complexes And Catalytic Activity Towards Dehydrogenative Silylation And Hydrosilylation Of Alkenes, Enock Amoateng
Theses and Dissertations
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have attracted growing interest not only as successful ancillary ligands in a wide variety of transition-metal-catalyzed reactions but have also shown to offer photophysical and electrochemical properties. The metalation/transmetalation strategy using [Zr(NMe2)4] as initial metalating reagent offers an efficient approach to the preparation of CCC-NHC pincer complexes of the late transition metals such as Rh and Ir. In the process of investigating an intermediate and the mechanism of the metalation/transmetalation to Rh sequence, a mixed valent bimetallic CCC-NHC pincer Rh complex with two chloro ligands bridged between a [(CCC-NHC)Rh(III)] and a [Rh(I)(COD)] fragment …
Comprehensive Studies Of Magnetic Properties Of Metal-Organic Frameworks And Molecular Compounds, Pagnareach Tin
Comprehensive Studies Of Magnetic Properties Of Metal-Organic Frameworks And Molecular Compounds, Pagnareach Tin
Doctoral Dissertations
Single-ion magnets (SIMs) are at the forefront of molecular electronic spin magnets with potential applications in magnetic memory storage devices. However, the magnetic properties of the SIMs are yet to be completely understood, especially the magnetic properties of large anisotropy systems. A part of this dissertation is to utilize optical and neutron spectroscopies such as far-IR magneto-spectroscopy (FIRMS) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS) to quantify the anisotropy and study the phonon properties of the SIMs as two-dimensional (2-D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or coordination polymer (CP), and a molecular magnet. In addition, ab initio calculations are used to understand the origin …
Redox-Active Polymerization Catalysts And Their Applications, Nicholas M. Shawver
Redox-Active Polymerization Catalysts And Their Applications, Nicholas M. Shawver
Masters Theses
Traditional catalyst systems are reliable means to produce polymers with well-defined architectures and thermomechanical properties; however, they are often limited by a narrow monomer scope and their ability access few, if any, advanced polymer architectures. To address this limitation, a new class of catalysts have recently emerged that feature redox-active moieties that may access advanced architectures through catalyst electronic modulation that arises from redox events occurring on the ligand scaffold or at the active metal center itself. For example, researchers have explored the ability of redox-active catalysts to impart “on-off” kinetic control during ring-opening polymerizations and their ability to access …
Leveraging Non-Covalent Interactions Between Small Organic Molecules And Inorganic Scaffolds In The Design Of Advanced Materials, Jonathan Lefton
Leveraging Non-Covalent Interactions Between Small Organic Molecules And Inorganic Scaffolds In The Design Of Advanced Materials, Jonathan Lefton
Chemistry Theses and Dissertations
Powder diffraction is a powerful tool for studying crystal structures, especially as it relates to interactions of small organic molecules with inorganic compounds. The first part of this dissertation involves small organic ligands interacting with metal-organic framework, MOF-74. The first and simplest iteration involves the crystal structure solution of a neat, liquid loading of n-propylmercaptan to the open metal sites within the MOF-74 pores. Later studies investigate the leveraging of a similarly sized bitopic ligand in the solution loading of 1,2-ethanedithiol, which results in the amorphization of MOF-74. Having no crystallinity, amorphous or severely defected materials can be a …
Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis Of P-P And P-C Bonds, Sarah T. Chachula
Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis Of P-P And P-C Bonds, Sarah T. Chachula
Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations
Chapter 1: Synthesis, Structure, Dynamics, and Enantioface-Selective η3-Benzyl Coordination in the Chiral Rhodium Complexes Rh(diphos*)(η3-CH2Ph) Abstract: The rhodium benzyl complexes Rh(diphos*)(η3-CH2Ph) (1-14, diphos* = chiral bis(phosphine)) were prepared either by treatment of Rh(COD)(η3-CH2Ph) (15, COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) with diphos*, or from the reaction of [Rh(diphos*)(Cl)]2 (16- 20) with PhCH2MgCl. For C2-symmetric diphos*, observation of one set of NMR signals for complexes 1-12 suggested that the two diastereomers in which different 3-benzyl enantiofaces were coordinated to rhodium interconverted rapidly on the NMR time scale via suprafacial shifts; observation of five inequivalent aryl 1H NMR signals showed that antarafacial shifts were slow …
From Waste To Energy: The Electrochemical Reduction Of Co2 Using Recycled Nanostructured Catalysts, Ibrahim Badawy
From Waste To Energy: The Electrochemical Reduction Of Co2 Using Recycled Nanostructured Catalysts, Ibrahim Badawy
Theses and Dissertations
The reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR) using electrochemistry is a promising solution for the burgeoning global energy crisis. The overall vision of its implementation relies on renewable energy sources to power the reaction creating carbon neutral products and effectively closing the carbon cycle. Research in this field has come a long way since its inception in the mid-1900s. However, there remain significant hurdles and important considerations to overcome in order to reach full commercialization. Most electrocatalysts tested for CO2RR have been designed solely for maximum performance while ignoring the environmental consequences if such a material were …
Cationic Divalent Metal Sites (M = Mn, Fe, Co) Operating As Both Nitrene-Transfer Agents And Lewis Acids Toward Mediating The Synthesis Of Three- And Five-Membered N-Heterocycles, Suraj Kumar Sahoo, Brent Harfmann, Lin Ai, Qiuwen Wang, Sudip Mohapatra, Amitava Choudhury, Pericles Stavropoulos
Cationic Divalent Metal Sites (M = Mn, Fe, Co) Operating As Both Nitrene-Transfer Agents And Lewis Acids Toward Mediating The Synthesis Of Three- And Five-Membered N-Heterocycles, Suraj Kumar Sahoo, Brent Harfmann, Lin Ai, Qiuwen Wang, Sudip Mohapatra, Amitava Choudhury, Pericles Stavropoulos
Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works
The tripodal compounds [(TMG3trphen)MII-solv](PF6)2 (M = Mn, Fe, Co; solv = MeCN, DMF) and bipodal analogues [(TMG2biphen)MII(NCMe)x](PF6)2 (x = 3 for Mn, Fe; x = 2 for Co) and [(TMG2biphen)MIICl2] have been synthesized with ligands that feature a triaryl- or diarylmethyl-amine framework and superbasic tetramethylguanidinyl residues (TMG). The dicationic M(II) sites mediate catalytic nitrene-transfer reactions between the imidoiodinane PhI═NTs (Ts = tosyl) and a panel of styrenes in MeCN to afford aziridines and low yields of imidazolines (upon …
N–((2–Acetylphenyl)Carbamothioyl)Benzamide: Synthesis, Crystal Structure Analysis, And Theoretical Studies, Akin Oztaslar, Hakan Arslan
N–((2–Acetylphenyl)Carbamothioyl)Benzamide: Synthesis, Crystal Structure Analysis, And Theoretical Studies, Akin Oztaslar, Hakan Arslan
Karbala International Journal of Modern Science
N–((2–Acetylphenyl)carbamothioyl)benzamide has been synthesized and characterized. The molecular conformation of the investigated compound is stabilized by C16–H16B⋅⋅⋅O2i (i: 1+x, y, z) intermolecular and C14–H14⋅⋅⋅S1, N2–H2⋅⋅⋅O2, and N2–H2⋅⋅⋅O1 intramolecular H–bonds. All DFT calculations have been implemented at the B3LYP level with the 6–311G(d,p) basis set. The optimized molecular structure parameters have been compared with the experimental one in the solid phase. The energy gap, global chemical reactivity descriptor parameters, MEP, Fukui functions, DoS, NLO, and NBO analysis were also computed and investigated. The intermolecular interactions and their energies are evaluated using Hirshfeld surface and energy framework analyses. To determine …
Methods Of Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy And Analysis For Porphyrins And Polymer Thin-Films, Emigdio E. Turner
Methods Of Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy And Analysis For Porphyrins And Polymer Thin-Films, Emigdio E. Turner
Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs
This dissertation describes the construction of two high precision magneto-polarimeters for performing Faraday rotation and Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD) measurements of polymer thin-films. There is a focus in materials science on the development of thin-film magneto-optically active materials. These materials could allow for the construction of a thin-film optical diode, an important device for next-generation photonic technology. Upon completion of the Faraday rotation spectrometer, two publications were generated from Faraday rotation measurements of novel polymer thin-film materials.
With growing interest by materials scientists in magneto-optically active transition-metal containing materials, an MCD spectrometer was constructed to study these materials. This spectrometer …
Tio2 Crystallization At Room Temperature And Preparation Of Transparent Carbon Counter Electrode For Low-Cost Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Muhammad Iqbal Syauqi, Afiten Rahmin Sanjaya, Mohammad Jihad Madiabu, Munawar Khalil, Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi
Tio2 Crystallization At Room Temperature And Preparation Of Transparent Carbon Counter Electrode For Low-Cost Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Muhammad Iqbal Syauqi, Afiten Rahmin Sanjaya, Mohammad Jihad Madiabu, Munawar Khalil, Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi
Makara Journal of Science
We developed a low-cost dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) using TiO2 fabricated via rapid breakdown anodization (RBA) and ultrafast room-temperature crystallization (URTC). The prepared TiO2 was deposited on a self-made fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass, and the FTO/TiO2 system was sensitized using curcumin dye. The DSSC was constructed by sandwiching the FTO/TiO2/curcumin electrode with an I−/I2 electrolyte and a transparent carbon counter electrode prepared using a liquid–liquid interface system. The characterization results showed that the TiO2 freshly prepared via URTC was transformed into an anatase crystalline phase, which exhibited a 3.10 …
Sers For The Detection Of Trace Materials, Omari Kirkland
Sers For The Detection Of Trace Materials, Omari Kirkland
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
In this dissertation are presented three projects that contribute to the body of research on SERS in the forensic, heritage, and semiconductor fields. The first project, Charge-Transfer mapping on GaN/Ag, a silver-decorated nanopillar semiconductor substrate fabricated from the GaN is used with the Raman probe Rhodamine 6 G (R6G) to map the effect of the nanofeatures on the CT resonance. The second project, in collaboration with Marco Leona from the Metropolitan Museum of Art, explores the use of AgNIFs to identify colorants used on textile fiber samples from four 19th century works of Japanese art. The final project analyzes the …
Microwave Synthesis And Photophysical Characterization Of Heteroleptic Iridium Complexes For Applications In Oleds And Lecs, Allyson Dixon
Microwave Synthesis And Photophysical Characterization Of Heteroleptic Iridium Complexes For Applications In Oleds And Lecs, Allyson Dixon
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
A series of heteroleptic, iridium-based ionic transition metal complexes (ir-iTMCS), with the purpose to serve as potential components of OLED and LEC devices, were synthesized through a green, combinatorial-based approach. This work utilized a microwave reactor in order to bring our research into closer alignment with the tenets of green chemistry. The aim of this research was to assess the effects of structural differences, specifically steric crowding, on the photophysical characteristics of the complexes. The radiative quantum efficiencies (Φf) and excited state lifetimes (τ ) of the series of Ir-iTMCs were investigated. The rates of radiative (kr …
Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Evolution Using Nickel-Bound Metallothionein Protein, Windfield Swetman
Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Evolution Using Nickel-Bound Metallothionein Protein, Windfield Swetman
Honors Theses
The continued burning of fossil fuels is not only a cause of increasing deterioration of the environment but also a financially unsustainable source of energy. Advances in energy production must be investigated to avoid the long-term effects of this current main source of energy. One of the avenues being explored is the use of metalloenzymes to catalyze hydrogen evolution via water splitting that occurs during the reductive half of artificial photosynthesis. Metalloenzyme catalysts with a single Ni(Cys)4 active site have been previously studied, and this study explores the possibility of increasing hydrogen production by using metalloenzyme catalysts with multiple …
Investigating Reactivity Of Artificial Copper Peptides With Small Molecules, Allyson Bryant
Investigating Reactivity Of Artificial Copper Peptides With Small Molecules, Allyson Bryant
Honors Theses
The design of artificial enzymes has been a topic of significant interest in the field of biochemistry, as they can provide new opportunities for catalytic processes and drug development. De novo protein design has emerged as a promising approach to create such enzymes, and the study of metalloproteins, particularly copper-binding peptides, has become a focus of this research. This thesis investigates the reactivity of a mutated copper-binding peptide, I5A-3SCC, with oxygen and its implications in the development of artificial enzymes.
The parent peptide, 3SCC, was mutated by replacing Isoleucine residues with smaller Alanine side chains, which was hypothesized to enhance …
Photophysical And Photochemical Processes In Small Molecules And Materials For Solar Energy Conversion, Ethan Lambert
Photophysical And Photochemical Processes In Small Molecules And Materials For Solar Energy Conversion, Ethan Lambert
Honors Theses
The work covered in this thesis all falls under the theme of photophysical processes after light and matter interact. Those of primary interest are Raman scattering induced vibrations and excited state dynamics probed by transient absorption spectroscopy. Small molecules are studied with Raman spectroscopy and computational chemistry. These studies unearth the shifts in vibrational frequency as a function of charge transfer or receipt and how a quantitative assay of natural orbital populations and delocalization can offer both the nature and magnitude of this charge transfer. Further, a method is presented that builds upon previous work within the academic family tree; …
Halide Substitution Of Ternary Bismuth Chalcogenides For Photovoltaic Applications, Thomas Boggess
Halide Substitution Of Ternary Bismuth Chalcogenides For Photovoltaic Applications, Thomas Boggess
Theses and Dissertations
Semiconductors play an integral part in modern society. From computing to LEDs their use is ubiquitous, and no field is more reliant on them than that of power generation. Current political movements have seen a push to decrease reliance on traditional forms of power generation, which relies on fossil fuels, to renewable sources such as solar power. However, current commercial solar panels, based on silicon, are lacking in efficiency, only reaching between 18% and 22% efficiency.1 In recent years, materials called perovskites have been garnering significant attention as possible replacements for silicon cells due to their favorable optoelectronic properties. …
Halide Exchange And Transport In Halide Perovskite Lattices, Temban Acha Billy
Halide Exchange And Transport In Halide Perovskite Lattices, Temban Acha Billy
Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
In recent years, metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) have risen quickly to prominence as promising materials across a variety of fields, from photovoltaics to optoelectronics in general. We show here a facile solution growth for creating a variety of mixed halide MAPbBr3-xIx crystals, which we will use to study halide exchange and transport in halide perovskites. We generated a calibration curve between the optical response and chemical composition in mixed Br/I MHPs at room temperature. All mixed Br/I MHP crystals were subjected to measurements of photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopy. A subset of mixed-halide MHP crystals exhibited multiple emission …
Influence Of Platinum Nanoparticles On Ionic Transport And Hydrogen Reactivity Of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Thin Films, Firas Mahyob
Influence Of Platinum Nanoparticles On Ionic Transport And Hydrogen Reactivity Of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Thin Films, Firas Mahyob
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is a widely used ceramic material in solid oxide fuel cells, oxygen sensors, and sensing applications due to its high ionic conductivity, chemical inertness, and thermal stability. YSZ is promising active coating for use in miniaturized harsh environment wireless surface acoustic sensors to monitor gases such as H2. Adding catalytic Pt nanoparticles can enhance gas reactivity and lead to associated film conductivity changes.
In this work, thin films with an (8% Y2O3 - 92% ZrO2) composition were deposited onto piezoelectric langasite substrates using RF magnetron sputtering in Ar:O2 - …
Biosynthesis Of Copper Nanoparticles Using Hylocereus Costaricensis Peel Extract And Their Photocatalytic Properties, Suriati Eka Putri, Netti Herawati, Ahmad Fudhail, Diana Eka Pratiwi, Sumiati Side, Abd Rahman, Susilo Sudarman Desa, Nur Ahmad, Subaer Junaedi, A. Surleva
Biosynthesis Of Copper Nanoparticles Using Hylocereus Costaricensis Peel Extract And Their Photocatalytic Properties, Suriati Eka Putri, Netti Herawati, Ahmad Fudhail, Diana Eka Pratiwi, Sumiati Side, Abd Rahman, Susilo Sudarman Desa, Nur Ahmad, Subaer Junaedi, A. Surleva
Karbala International Journal of Modern Science
A green chemistry method was used for the first time to synthesize copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) using CuSO4 as a precursor and red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis) peel wasted extract as a bio-reductor. Cu-NPs produced were then used as a photocatalysts for acid orange 7 (AO7) dyes degradation. The results showed that the smallest average crystallite size of the products ranged from 8.84 - 8.86 nm, and the FCC crystal structure had a surface area of 244.38-278.85 m2g-1. Furthermore, the optimum degradation of AO7 dye occurred at a ratio of 1:3 with a percentage of 81.07% for four cycles. These findings …
Photodynamic Therapy Agents: The Power Of Mjöllnir To Eradicate Cancer, Sidney M. Hopper
Photodynamic Therapy Agents: The Power Of Mjöllnir To Eradicate Cancer, Sidney M. Hopper
Honors College Theses
After its discovery back in the 1900s, photosensitizers became a critical study for potential treatments and cures for medical issues, including cancer. It was discovered that porphyrins appeared to target and accumulate in proliferating cells, and to reach the cells, a certain wavelength of light with maximum absorbance associated with the porphyrin was necessary to achieve cell death. Photodynamic therapy involves making use of porphyrins or metalloporphyrins as activators when exposed to such light. When activated, these compounds generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as HO- or O2-, which can react with nucleic acids found in DNA and RNA. In …
Hollow Mn3o4 Nanoparticles For Catalytic Oxidation Of Alkenes In Air, Nathan R. Loutsch
Hollow Mn3o4 Nanoparticles For Catalytic Oxidation Of Alkenes In Air, Nathan R. Loutsch
Honors Thesis
Oxidized hydrocarbons (epoxides, alcohols, carboxylic acids, ketones, and aldehydes) have many uses including fuel production, pollution treatment, and chemical synthesis. These compounds can be formed by oxidizing alkenes and alkanes with the assistance of a catalyst. Heterogeneous catalysts have greater recyclability, but traditionally have lower activity and selectivity. Due to the increased relative surface area, nanomaterials can overcome some of the physical limitations. The Hoefelmeyer lab developed a new nanomaterial: hollow Mn3O4 nanoparticles. Sensitive synthetic conditions have been optimized. Due to the increased relative number of edge and corner atoms, the reactive properties of most small nanomaterials increase. Because of …
Synthesizing, Purifying, And Characterizing Molten Chloride Salts, Phillip W. Halstenberg
Synthesizing, Purifying, And Characterizing Molten Chloride Salts, Phillip W. Halstenberg
Doctoral Dissertations
Molten chloride salts have vast potential as heat transfer fluids with both nuclear and concentrated solar power applications. For application in energy systems, the characteristics that govern these systems must be well understood. This work focuses on inorganic molten chloride salts with a special emphasis on the experimental aspect of chemical research. Chapter 2 covers the synthetic approaches for the formation of molten chloride mixtures. Many salts can be purchased from industrial suppliers, but most must be purified therefore, Chapter 3 evaluates various methodology developed for removal of impurities in salt mixtures. Once the salt of proper content and purity …
The Novel Chlorination Of Zirconium Metal And Its Application To A Recycling Protocol For Zircaloy Cladding From Spent Nuclear Fuel Rods, Breanna K. Vestal
The Novel Chlorination Of Zirconium Metal And Its Application To A Recycling Protocol For Zircaloy Cladding From Spent Nuclear Fuel Rods, Breanna K. Vestal
Doctoral Dissertations
A novel protocol has been developed for the chemical removal of zirconium alloy (Zircaloy) cladding from spent nuclear fuel rods and subsequent isolation and purification of nuclear-grade zirconium chloride derived therefrom. This protocol is based on the chemistry developed from two new scientific findings.
First, two new oxidative chlorination reactions have been discovered for zirconium metal. In both solvents, zirconium can be quantitatively chlorinated at temperatures less than 150°C, with the operative equations seen below. In sulfur monochloride, the reaction is completed in 2 – 4 hours via surface etching, exhibiting 0th order kinetic behavior. The elemental sulfur byproduct …
The Search For The Four-Electron Reduced Intermediate In The Cytochrome C Nitrite Reductase (Ccnir) - Catalyzed Reduction Of Nitrite, Victoria Lynn Mandella
The Search For The Four-Electron Reduced Intermediate In The Cytochrome C Nitrite Reductase (Ccnir) - Catalyzed Reduction Of Nitrite, Victoria Lynn Mandella
Theses and Dissertations
Although there are many nitrogen species in the nitrogen cycle, nitrite occupies a centralrole. Nitrite can either reduce to ammonium or dinitrogen or oxidize to nitrate. Ammonium and nitrate can be found in the environment; however, problems arise when the accumulation of these nitrogen species leads to eutrophication in aquatic environments. High ammonium or nitrate levels in lakes or other bodies of water can lead to the overgrowth of algae, which causes the blockage of sunlight to different species below the water surface. Imbalance in the ecosystem is a serious environmental issue that can be addressed by further studying and …
Impact Of The Pre-A Motif On Truncated Hemoglobin N Activity, Alexander Shayne Drena
Impact Of The Pre-A Motif On Truncated Hemoglobin N Activity, Alexander Shayne Drena
Theses and Dissertations
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death by an infectious agent and therefore a global health crisis, according to the most recent report by the World Health Organization. This is due, in part, to Mycobacterium tuberculosis’ impressive defensive mechanisms against immune response, as well as the rise of Multi-Drug Resistant strains that have recently developed. Towards the turn of the century, a small heme protein called truncated hemoglobin N (trHbN) was discovered to protect the bacteria against reactive nitrogen species by converting nitric oxide (NO) to nitrate at rates far exceeding those of myoglobin and closer to those of …
Carbon Dioxide Reduction On Large Area Liquid Metal Gallium-Indium Electrocatalysts, Thomas Hollis
Carbon Dioxide Reduction On Large Area Liquid Metal Gallium-Indium Electrocatalysts, Thomas Hollis
Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduate Honors Theses
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is widely known as a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming due to the burning of fossil fuels. The carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) is widely studied to reutilize CO2 to useful products, including methane, ethane, and carbon monoxide. This project studies the use of liquid metal gallium-indium as an electrocatalyst to perform CO2 reduction to carbon monoxide (CO) or possibly solid carbon in various solutions. Gallium-indium is characterized and studied through its “wetting” properties and adhesion to substrate foil through the measurement of contact angles inside solution. These liquid …