Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Progress Towards Synthesis And Characterization Of Bay-Annulated Indigo Chromophores, Katherine Weiss, Denise Femia

HON499 projects

Through acetylation, N,N’-diacetylindigo was synthesized from indigo. N,N’-diacetylindigo and 2-thiopheneacetyl chloride were combined in an attempt to synthesize 7-thiophenyl bayannulated indigo (BAI). After 1H NMR characterization, it was found that the product was not 7-thiophenyl BAI. A previously synthesized sample of 7-phenyl BAI was purified. UV-VIS absorbance, fluorescence, IR, and 1H NMR were used to characterize the compounds.

Continuing The Metalation And Ring Closure Of Biliazine, Joshua Villers

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Continuing previous research conducted by Dr. Ziegler and his Graduate Students in which different metals were selected to metalate the compound Biliazine as well as finding metals that could be used to close the ring system in Biliazine.

Assessing The Robustness And Versatility Of Nanojars For Anion Binding, Mia Lily Ann Jawor

Masters Theses

Supramolecular chemistry is a field in chemistry that focuses on intermolecular bonds in a “host-guest complex” or supramolecular assemblies. Nanojars are supramolecular assemblies of the formula [anion⊂{Cu(μ-OH)(μ-pz)}_n] (n = 27‒33) which incarcerate kosmotropic anions, such as carbonate (CO₃^2‒), sulfate (SO₄^2‒) and hydrogen phosphate (HPO₄^2‒). Nanojars consist of three [Cu(μ-OH)(μ-pz)]_x (x = 6‒14, except 11) rings that are assembled similarly to Matryoshka dolls, where the top and bottom rings act as guests for the central ring. The larger central ring is bound to the two smaller rings by multiple …

Solvent-Free Synthesis Of Metal Coordination Compounds Using Ball Mills, Jenna Cantway

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Mechanochemistry utilizes mechanical energy to promote chemical reactions to completion. Samples ground with a ball mill are placed under consistent pressure and temperature, which allows for increased surface area, shorter reaction times and overall better control of reaction conditions compared to the use of a mortar and pestle. Many synthetic techniques to prepare metal coordination compounds use a solvent. The solvent promotes the reactions by providing a route for reagents to interact. While solvents facilitate reactions, there is interest in reducing or eliminating solvents altogether during the synthesis process due to potential instability of a solvent under certain experimental conditions …

Leaving Ligand Effects On Reactivity And Solubility Of Monofunctional Platinum(Ii) Anticancer Complexes, Heidi Linn Hruska Millay

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Monofunctional platinum(II) complexes, such as phenanthriplatin and pyriplatin, have notably different characteristics from the bifunctional anticancer complexes, such as cisplatin and oxaliplatin, which have detrimental toxicities and resistance associated with them. The unique properties of the monofunctional complexes may be exploited to target cancer cells without producing the toxic side effects associated with the current FDA-approved platinum-based anticancer drugs. To advance the understanding of these monofunctional platinum(II) complexes, this study replaced the chloride leaving ligand with an acetate group, which should increase solubility and alter the rate of reactivity with key amino acid and nucleotide targets. Phenanthriplatin and pyriplatin compounds …

Steric Effects On The Formation Of Manganese Oxide Clusters And 2-Dimensional Ammonium Formate Architectures, Carl Oberle

Dissertations

It has been demonstrated by the Beatty group that altering the identity of the ortho-substituent of a dianiline counterion affects the assembly and dimensionality of a cadmium-chloride layer from 2-D to 0-D. This work seeks to extend this finding to metal oxide and organic hydrogen-bonded materials. By systematically increasing the ortho­-substituent’s size on the benzoate building block of reported manganese oxide clusters, of formula Mn_xO_y(O₂C-R)_zL_w (where R = Alkyl, L = neutral monodentate ligand), we aim to impact the self-assembly of these materials relative to their parent …

Bimetallic Complexes: The Fundamental Aspects Of Metal-Metal Interactions, Ligand Sterics And Application, Michael Bernard Pastor

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Metal containing complexes have been used to catalyze various organic transformations for the past few decades. The success of several mononuclear catalysts led to transition metal catalysts used in pharmaceuticals, environmental, and industrial processes. While mononuclear complexes have been used extensively, bimetallic systems have received far less attention. Bimetallic or polynuclear sites are commonly found in metalloenzymes that perform elegant transformation in biological systems, underlying their significance. Inorganic chemists take inspiration from nature and design model bimetallic complexes to further study this cooperativity effect. A bimetallic platform offers many structural and functional differences such as the identity of the metal …

Metal Oxyhalides And Halides For Use As Electrode Materials In Li-Ion Batteries, Jonathan Mark Powell

Doctoral Dissertations

Synthesis of select metal halides and oxyhalides are explored in the form of direct fluorination using a fluidized bed reactor system, direct chlorination using hydrogen chloride gas, and a degradation dehydration reaction as novel methods towards the synthesis of these select metal halides and oxyhalides. The flexibility of the direct fluorination technique is demonstrated by the ability to vary the degree of fluorination based on the reaction conditions of temperature, time, and fluorine concentration. Conversion electrodes in the form of metal halides and metal oxyhalides are investigated as both anode and cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. The resulting electrochemical …

Cadmium Chloride Dimensionality Changes From Ortho-Substituted Anilines, Stephanie Cernicek

Dissertations

Inorganic-organic hybrid metal halide materials have been of great interest recently due to the useful properties offered by such a combination. The inorganic portions usually consisting of MX₆^2- subunits, (M = Pb, Sn, Cd, Cu; X = Cl, Br, I) most often form 2-D perovskite layers where the metals are bridged by corner sharing halides. The organic portion, usually consisting of primary amines or anilines provides a template for the inorganic framework and in some cases, dictates the dimensionality (2-D, 1-D, 0-D) of the network. These materials have various applications in host-guest chemistry catalysis, and gas storage, or …

Controlled Synthesis And Utilization Of Metal And Oxide Hybrid Nanoparticles, Cameron Cowgur Crane

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation reports the development of synthetic methods concerning rationally-designed, hybrid, and multifunctional nanomaterials. These methods are based on a wet chemical, solution phase approach that utilizes the knowledge of synthetic organic and inorganic chemistry to generate building blocks in solution for the growth of nanocrystals and hybrid nanostructures. This work builds on the prior knowledge of shape-controlled synthesis of noble metal nanocrystals and expands into the challenging realm of the more reactive first row transition metals. Specifically, a microemulsion sol-gel method was developed to synthesize Au-SiO2 dimers as precursors for the synthesis of segmented heterostructures of noble metals that …

Electrochemistry And Spectroscopy Of A Molybdenum Porphyrin Compound, Jay S. Bhanot, Kyle A. Grice

DePaul Discoveries

Carbon dioxide has been a problematic greenhouse gas since the beginning of the industrial age. In an effort to remediate its effects on the climate, multiple techniques have been utilized in the chemical and electrochemical reduction of CO₂. Homogeneous electrocatalysis for carbon dioxide reduction has been a topic of increasing interest. However, a full examination of the catalytic performance of early transition metals supported by macroligands has yet to be done. The research reported involves synthesis of a chelate of molybdenum within a tetraphenylporphyrin, and then synthesis, purification, and characterization of its ability to reduce carbon dioxide. The …

Photochemistry Of A Series Of Weakly Coupled Dinuclear Ruthenium(Ii) Complexes, Latisha Michelle Puckett

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

An improved synthetic method was developed for symmetric ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes with the form L2Ru(diphen)RuL2. The scope of the reaction was investigated in regards to the ligands, bridging ligands, and starting materials. Several ligands were successful in the synthesis, including 2,2’-bipyridine (bpy), 4,4’-dimethyl-2,2’-dipyridyl (dmb), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dpphen), and 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (tmphen). Ligands that did not react to form symmetric dimeric complexes were 2,2’-bipyrazine, bpz, and 2,2’-bipyrimidine, bpm.

Dpp, 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)-pyrazine, effectively replaced diphen as the bridging ligand to produce (phen)2Ru(dpp)Ru(phen)24+. However, replacing the [Ru(CO)2Cl2]n with Ru(DMSO)4Cl2 did not prove successful. The newly developed synthesis was also applied to the synthesis of …