Public Health Commons^™

The Association Between Acculturation & C-Reactive Protein In U.S. Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jessica Kilinski Bs, Rosol Mikail Bs, Kelly M. Reavis Phd, Mph, Deborah Karasek Phd, Mph

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Purpose: Immigrants undergo acculturation as they assimilate to a different culture, potentially leading to immense stress. Our objective was to examine the association between acculturation and C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of stress-induced inflammation. We hypothesized that U.S. foreign-born adults 20 years and older with higher degrees of acculturation would have higher CRP levels compared to those with lower acculturation.

Method: We used 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1526 participants to conduct a cross-sectional analysis. We measured acculturation as language spoken at home (categorized as low, moderate, and high) and examined its association with CRP …

Gaza's Healthcare System In Collapse: An Exploratory Analysis Of Healthcare Attacks In Occupied Palestinian Territories (Opts) And Israel Since October 2023, Vincenzo J. Cornacchione

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Decades of apartheid practices and oppression in Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPTs), marked by mass displacement, restricted access to essential services, and countless human rights violations, have culminated in today's systematic dismantling of Gaza’s healthcare infrastructure. To investigate the systematic obstruction of healthcare access in OPT, this exploratory analysis employs an open intelligence dataset containing event data on reported healthcare attack incidents in OPT and Israel since October 2023. Specifically, this analysis seeks to elucidate the nature and extent of healthcare attacks in OPT by answering student-defined research questions, based on a priori expectations around the data. The analysis confirms that …

Employer Voices: Insights On Bolstering Career Development For Graduate Students, Alexandria J. Ashraf Mph, Josh Hodsden Mba, Justin Howe Ba, Danielle Ross Ba, Dalton Wesemann Ba, Lisa K. Marriott Phd

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Title: Employer voices: Insights on Bolstering Career Development for Graduate Students

Alexandria J. Ashraf, MPH; Josh Hodsden, MBA, CPH; Justin Howe, BA; Danielle Ross, BA, CPH; Dalton Wesemann, BA; Lisa K. Marriott, PhD

Background: The development of the public health workforce has become increasingly vital as our world faces current and future challenges. The workforce has gained considerable insight into job skills that enhance responses to emergent needs. Building the foundation for a larger scale study on public health workforce needs, this project established processes for engaging with professionals who have hired recent public health graduates.

Methods: Open-ended questions assessed …

Strong Hearts Program: The Results Of A Novel Primary-Care Based Diagnostic And Referral Program For Chagas Disease In East Boston, Ma, Usa, Javier J. Huerta

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Purpose: Chagas disease (CD), a neglected parasitic infection, affects ~300,000 people in the US. Untreated, CD leads to irreversible cardiac morbidity and death in 20-30% of cases, yet

Methods: After provider and community sessions, 14,354 patients were screened at EBNHC from March 2017 - May 2023, following a prespecified protocol. Confirmed Chagas patients were referred to Boston Medical Center for further evaluation. Using chi-squared tests, we analyze diagnostic uptake and prevalence stratified by demographics. Additionally, we abstracted care continuum barriers from Chagas patients' records.

Results: Per quarter, a median of 572 patients were screened (IQR: 393 – 712). …

Impact Of Medical Formula Shortage On Patients With Inborn Errors Of Metabolism (Iem) And Their Dietitians, Haemin Lee

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Since Feb. of 2022, patients with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) suffered medical formula shortages due to an abrupt shut down of a major formula company in the US. The goal of this project was to understand the nutritional and psychosocial impacts on patients with IEM and changes in patient-dietitian relations as a result of the unexpected formula shortage.

Two survey were set up and disseminated via REDCap to patients(18 years-old or older), parent/legal gurdian of patients in the US, from Dec.2023-Jan.2024. Of those 571 records, 139(60.4%) patient surveys and 166(48.7%) caregiver surveys were retained for analysis after dropping complete …

“Sense Of Belonging”: Partnering With Central Oregon's Communities To Promote Health And Social Inclusion, Christina Jäderholm

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Abstract:

Community-engaged research can increase local research capacity and create momentum for social change. From research planning to dissemination, partnering with organizations and engaging with community members requires dedicated work and time. Using the Belonging project in Central Oregon as an example, we outline the ‘nuts and bolts’ of a community-engaged research process and highlight how we validated our findings through co-interpretation sessions.

Project

The Belonging project is a collaboration between Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Oregon State University - Cascades, the Central Oregon Health Council, and the Central Oregon communities. The project began [early] 2022 and concluded Feb …

Self-Reported Follow-Up Care Needs Can Be Met In Both Facility And Self-Managed Abortion: Evidence From Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Laura E. Jacobson Mph

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Objective: To understand in-facility follow-up care-seeking behavior among both people who self-managed medication abortions (SMA) and those who obtained facility-managed care in six countries and to explore factors that contribute to meeting individual’s self-reported care needs that are core to person-centered care.

Study Design: We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis of 67 in-depth interviews conducted with facility or SMA seekers. We first classified individuals as having their care needs met or not, and whether they sought follow-up care. We then identified predisposing, enabling, or need factors that contributed to having care needs met or not.

Results: A total of n=67 …

Using Systems Thinking Tools To Inform The Implementation Of A Cysticercosis Control Program In Rural Peru, Lisset M. Dumet Poma Mba, Angela Spencer Phd, Ruth Atto Bsc, Vanessa Cruz Bsc, Percy Vilchez Mph, Seth O'Neal Md, Mph For The Cysticercosis Working Group In Peru

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

Cysticercosis is an infectious disease responsible for 30-40% of acquired epilepsy in endemic areas such as rural Peru. Ring Treatment (RT) is a community-engaged cysticercosis control strategy, shown to be efficacious when delivered by research teams. We applied the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research with additional constructs compatible with low-resource contexts in the formative evaluation to develop a protocol for implementing RT.

We included small, medium, and large municipal districts from northern Peru representing different rural primary health delivery settings. We collected 169 semi-structured and 341 network interviews. We applied Social-Network-Analysis to identify key players, roles, and collaborations to inform …

Trauma Informed Approaches To Researcher-Participant Relationships: Examples From A Housing And Health Study, Cristina Flores, Jade Garza, Judith R. Solomon, Marisa Westbrook

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

In qualitative research, the aim of researcher-participant relationships is to allow for vulnerability and authenticity while maintaining professional boundaries. Trauma-informed care (TIC) in mental health services and social work considers the impact of violence and victimization in the lives of clients, while emphasizing trauma as causation (SAMHSA, 2014; Butler, 2011). Applying a trauma-informed approach to qualitative research processes may assist in building rapport with research participants, minimizing re-traumatization, appropriately interpreting results, and uncovering cultural significance. Research suggests that trauma-informed approaches avoid excluding underrepresented voices and allows researchers to engage through a social justice and health equity lens (Roche, 2020). For …

Graphic Medicine For Library Outreach, Chanda Briggs, Claire Sharifi

Gleeson Library Faculty and Staff Research and Scholarship

According to a National Academy of Sciences working group investigating the mental health crises in higher education, student wellbeing is an issue that needs to be addressed at the campus level, not siloed in specified departments and units. University libraries can be an integral part of student wellness initiatives, and this poster presentation will present one academic library’s engagement in student wellness initiatives. This poster will:

• Highlight the ways campus partnerships facilitated streamlined library engagement in student wellness

• Identify student centric initiatives and acquisitions

• Identify funding sources used for those initiatives and acquisitions

• Discuss outcomes of library wellness initiatives.

Beyond The Classroom Walls: Stakeholder Experiences With Remote Instruction In Post Rn Baccalaureate Nursing Program During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Inquiry, Laila Akber Cassum, Arusa Mansoor, Saima Sachwani, Zeenar Salim, Ridah Feroz, Shanaz Cassum

School of Nursing & Midwifery

The COVID-19 pandemic led to the closure of educational campuses and the suspension of conventional classroom teaching globally and locally, and many switched overnight to an online modality. The change was experienced differently by varied audiences, given the availability of resources. The study aimed to examine stakeholders' experiences of emergency remote instructions in the Post-RN Baccalaureate Nursing Program during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative descriptive exploratory design with a purposive sampling technique was used at a private nursing university in Karachi, Pakistan. Focus group discussions with students and faculty were conducted separately, while in-depth interviews with key informants were held …

Effects Of Sars-Cov-2 Variants On Cd8+ T Cell Epitope Diversity: Estimating Clinical Severity In The United States, Grace Kim, Jacob Elnaggar, Maya Sevalia, Najah Nicholas, Mallory Varnado, Judy Crabtree, Lucio Miele

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Association for Clinical and Translational Science 2024; April 3 - April 5, 2024; Las Vegas, NV

U.S. Government Agency Podcasts, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Presents podcasts from U.S. Government agencies which can be discovered through the U.S. Government Publishing Office's Catalog of Government Publications. Agencies whose podcasts are presented include the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Peace Corps, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Government Accountability Office (GAO), National Park Service, Department of Justice, Federal Reserve System, and U.S. Naval War College.

Knowledge And Implementation Of Tobacco Control Practices In Rural Louisiana Community Health Centers, Michael D. Celestin Jr, Ty-Runet Bryant, Tung Sung Tseng, Krysten Jones-Winn, Qingzhao Yu

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Association for Clinical and Translational Science 2024; April 3 - April 5, 2024; Las Vegas, NV

Impact Of Preexisting Hypertension And Demographic Factors On Pandemic-Era Anxiety Using The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Chukwuemeka Ogbonnaya Okpom

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Spatial-Temporal Variation Of Diarrhea And Associated Sociobehavioral Factors Between 2010-2020 In Rwanda, Amans Ntakarutimana

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Four Computed Tomography Reconstruction Algorithms Using A Coronary Artery Phantom, Shungo Sawamura, Shingo Kato, Yoshinori Funama, Seitaro Oda, Harumi Mochizuki, Sayuri Inagaki, Yuka Takeuchi, Tsubasa Morioka, Toshiharu Izumi, Yoichiro Ota, Hironori Kawagoe, Shihyao Cheng, Naoki Nakayama, Kazuki Fukui, Takashi Tsutsumi, Tae Iwasawa, Daisuke Utsunomiya

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite advancements in coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), challenges in positive predictive value and specificity remain due to limited spatial resolution. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effect of 2nd generation deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) on the quantitative and qualitative image quality in coronary CTA.

METHODS: A vessel model with stepwise non-calcified plaque was scanned using 320-detector CT. Image reconstruction was performed using four techniques: hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR), model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), DLR, and 2nd generation DLR. The luminal peak CT number, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and edge rise slope (ERS) were quantitatively evaluated via …

How Covid-19 Changed Us: Compassion, Leadership, And Policy, The Lincy Institute

Lincy Institute Events

Nevada was one of the hardest hit states during the COVID-19 pandemic. Over the past three years, researchers at The Lincy Institute and other institutions collected interviews from 80 Nevada leaders across sectors including elected officials, leaders in education, community organizations, government agencies, and the business community. Four years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, our communities continue to build a resilient and healthy Nevada. This forum discusses how the crisis prompted us to rethink how we lead and how we can prepare for future challenges. Following a presentation of the project and its deliverables, leaders across sectors discuss …

Analisis Spasial Faktor Risiko Difteri Di Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2022 Dan 2023, Nada Izzata Kamilla, Feranita Utama, Noviani Noviani

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Difteri merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Bila ditemukan satu kasus difteri di suatu wilayah maka dapat ditetapkan sebagai KLB. Provinsi Lampung terus mengalami kenaikan kasus dan suspek difteri sejak 2020 dan turut menyumbang angka kematian akibat difteri pada tahun 2023. Kasus difteri dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran distribusi dan faktor risiko kasus difteri di Provinsi Lampung dengan memetakan kabupaten/kota berdasarkan persebaran dan faktor risikonya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan metode deskriptif analitik dengan aplikasi Quantum GIS versi 3.28.3. Hasil menunjukan distribusi kejadian difteri di Provinsi …

Analysis Of User Satisfaction Of Telemedicine Services During Covid-19 Self-Isolation Among Fph Students At The Universitas Indonesia, Fathiya Nissa Mulyaningrum, Nadya Raihanny

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Telemedicine has become a new paradigm in the world of health since its popular use to assist the Ministry of Health in monitoring self-isolating patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze service quality variables related to user satisfaction with telemedicine services during COVID-19 self-isolation among students in FPH UI. This research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The results show that the platform most widely used for telemedicine services during the COVID-19 pandemic was platform H by 25 people. The average satisfaction of telemedicine users during self-isolation tends to be high, namely 3.8 with the lowest …

Sistem Monitoring Dan Evaluasi Serta Perkembangan Program Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Penyakit Tuberkulosis Di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Depok, Supriyanti Supriyanti, Tiur Febrina Pohan, Kemal N. Siregar

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Beban kasus TB tertinggi tahun 2021 terjadi di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, Jawa Tengah, Sumatera Utara, dan DKI Jakarta. Kota Depok merupakan salah satu penyumbang beban TB di Jawa Barat. Dari data estimasi beban TB se-Provinsi Jawa Barat, Kota Depok berada di urutan ke-7 dengan estimasi jumlah kasus sebanyak 3853 kasus. Menurut indikator angka keberhasilan pengobatan pasien TB, semua kasus tahun 2018-2021 masih dibawah target 90%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil monitoring dan evaluasi program TB yang telah berjalan di Seksi Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Menular serta perkembangan program TB dilihat dari capaian indikator TB di Dinas Kesehatan …

Hubungan Berat Derajat Merokok Terhadap Kelainan Fungsi Paru Pada Sopir Angkutan Umum Di Terminal Kampung Melayu, Rizaldi Ridwan, Fajaria Nurcandra, Chandrayani Simanjorang, Dyah Utari, Balqis Hiri Bahasoan

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Di Indonesia, terdapat sebanyak 9,2 juta jiwa penyakit kelainan fungsi paru. Sopir angkutan umum yang merokok berisiko mengalami kelainan fungsi paru yang diakibatkan oleh rokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan berat derajat merokok terhadap gejala kelainan fungsi paru pada sopir angkutan umum di Terminal Kampung Melayu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei tahun 2023 di Terminal Kampung Melayu dengan desain cross-sectional pada 102 sopir angkutan umum sebagai sampel. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi sopir angkutan umum dan bersedia diwawancara. Wawancara langsung dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner dan spirometri untuk mengukur fungsi paru. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Cox …

Persepsi Masyarakat Perdesaan Terhadap Penerimaan Vaksinasi Covid-19 Tahap Iii (Booster), Irma Irma, Yusuf Sabilu, Besse Amelia

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Penerimaan vaksinasi COVID-19 tahap III (booster) tiap kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan memperoleh cakupan yang berbeda-beda. Jika dibandingkan dengan kabupaten/kota lainnya, Kabupaten Wajo memperoleh cakupan vaksin COVID-19 tahap III (booster) masih rendah yaitu 14.06%, dimana Desa Watan Rumpia memiliki persentase cakupan vaksinasi COVID-19 tahap III (booster) terendah per 16 Agustus 2022. Hal ini disebabkan karena persepsi dari masyarakat itu sendiri dalam menanggapi penerimaan vaksinasi COVID-19 tahap III (booster). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi masyarakat mengenai kerentanan, keparahan, manfaat dengan penerimaan vaksinasi COVID-19 tahap III (booster) di Desa …

Impact Of Fads Genotype On Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content In Human Milk Extracellular Vesicles: A Genetic Association Study, John J. Miklavcic, Natalie Paterson, Jennifer Hahn-Holbrook, Laura M. Glynn

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Extracellular vesicles in human milk are critical in supporting newborn growth and development. Bioavailability of dietary extracellular vesicles may depend on the composition of membrane lipids. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster impact the content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human milk phospholipids. This study investigated the relation between variation in FADS1 and FADS2 with the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in extracellular vesicles from human milk.

Methods

Milk was obtained from a cohort of mothers (N = 70) at 2–4 weeks of lactation. SNPs in the FADS gene locus were determined using …

Research Frameworks: Critical Components For Reporting Qualitative Health Care Research, Ann Z. George

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Qualitative health care research can provide insights into health care practices that quantitative studies cannot. However, the potential of qualitative research to improve health care is undermined by reporting that does not explain or justify the research questions and design. The vital role of research frameworks for designing and conducting quality research is widely accepted, but despite many articles and books on the topic, confusion persists about what constitutes an adequate underpinning framework, what to call it, and how to use one. This editorial clarifies some of the terminology and reinforces why research frameworks are essential for good-quality reporting of …

Measuring The Impact Of Primary Care Team Composition On Patient Activation Utilizing Electronic Health Record Big Data Analytics, Kristen K. Will, Yue Liang, Chih-Lin Chi, Gerri Lamb, Michael Todd, Connie Delaney

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose

Team-based care has been linked to key outcomes associated with the Quadruple Aim and a key driver of high-value patient-centered care. Use of the electronic health record (EHR) and machine learning have significant potential to overcome previous barriers to studying the impact of teams, including delays in accessing data to improve teamwork and optimize patient outcomes.

Methods

This study utilized a large EHR dataset (n = 316,542) from an urban health system to explore the relationship between team composition and patient activation, a key driver of patient engagement. Teams were operationalized using consensus definitions of teamwork from the literature. …

Adult Development And Associated Health Risks, Elizabeth C. Halloran

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Much has been learned about adult development in recent decades. Adults go through stages of development (emerging adulthood, young adulthood, middle adulthood, post-retirement, and very old age) with certain challenges at each stage. Viewing patients through a developmental lens is part of providing patient-centered care. Knowing the prominent issues, stressors, and risks at each stage of development is important in understanding patients. This knowledge can help customize medical advice to patients regarding obesity, disability, sleep, substance use, relationships, and age-related declines. This paper summarizes an updated view of adult development and discusses its relevance to health risks and patient-centered care …

Respiratory Therapists' Attitudes On Patient Safety And The Use Of Workarounds: A Phenomenological Study, Lee Wisdom

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Capstones

Respiratory therapists (RTs) provide cardiopulmonary care and share the essential responsibility of keeping patients safe throughout their healthcare journey. RTs care for patients in various settings and manage mechanical ventilation (life-support), artificial airways, and attend emergencies such as cardiac arrests and other urgent clinical care matters (American Association for Respiratory Care [AARC], n.d.-b). As such, RTs may be exposed to opportunities in their day-to-day routines that influence patient safety. Currently, the literature is limited regarding RTs’ safety attitudes and the use of workarounds in respiratory care in the United States (U.S.). Both safety attitudes and the use of workarounds have …

Broken Promises: Prolonged Diminished Quality-Of-Life Among Liberian Ebola Survivors Half A Decade After The 2014-16 West African Outbreak, Jessi Hanson-Defusco, Decontee Davis, Meghana Bommareddy, Zainab Olaniyan

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

The 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak left thousands of Liberian survivors with severely diminished quality of life. Applying a social determinants framework, this mixed method study investigates to what extent Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors suffer long-haul psychosocial stress, diminished quality-of-life factors, and the impact of EVD-related service provisions on their ongoing healing. We present the results of a quantitative analysis survey of data collected from 19 Liberian EVD survivors in 2022 using snowball sampling. Additionally, a qualitative analysis of survivor statements helps triangulate key statistical findings and inform causal mechanisms. Survivors report experiencing 5.25 of a total of 7 ongoing stressors …

Associations Between Sleep Duration, Sleep Disturbance And Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers Among Adults In The United States, Prince Nii Ossah Addo, Paddington T. Mundagowa, Longgang Zhao, Mufaro Kanyangarara, Monique J. Brown Ph.D., Mph, Jihong Liu Sc.D.

Faculty Publications

Background

Sleep problems are associated with abnormal cardiovascular biomarkers and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, studies investigating associations between sleep problems and CVD biomarkers have reported conflicting findings. This study examined the associations between sleep problems and CVD biomarkers in the United States.

Methods

Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2007–2018) and analyses were restricted to adults ≥ 20 years (n = 23,749). CVD biomarkers [C-reactive Protein (CRP), low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), triglycerides, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting blood glucose] were categorized as abnormal or normal using standardized cut-off …