Public Health Commons^™

Evaluation Of Common Inherited Variants In Mitochondrial-Related And Microrna-Related Genes As Novel Risk Factors For Ovarian Cancer, Jennifer Permuth Wey

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women in the United States, and the etiology is incompletely understood. Common, low penetrant genetic variants such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) likely contribute to a significant proportion of EOC. We examined whether SNPs in two understudied yet biologically important types of genes, mitochondrial-related and miRNA-related genes, may contribute to EOC susceptibility using data from a large, homogeneous study population of 1,815 EOC cases and 1,900 controls (frequency-matched on age-group and race/ethnicity) genotyped through stage 1 of an ongoing genome-wide association study. Inter-individual variation in genes involved …

Epidemiological Study Of Contributing Factors In The Development Of Peptic Ulcer And Gastric Cancer Initiated By Helicobacter Pylori Infection In India, Rahul Suresh Mhaskar

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a significant risk factor for peptic ulcer (PU) and gastric cancer (GC). Apart from the virulent CagA genotype of H. pylori environmental and dietary factors influence disease outcomes. There have been no studies addressing these factors in Western India. Hence, we conducted a case control study enrolling PU, GC patients and controls at Pune, India.

Methods: Risk factors for PU and H. pylori infection were assessed in participant interview. H. pylori status was assessed from stool by monoclonal antigen detection. To understand treatment effect, we followed 100 H. pylori positive patients.

Results: We …

Dna Methylation And Its Association With Prenatal Exposures And Pregnancy Outcomes, Jennifer Straughen

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Altered DNA methylation may lead to suboptimal fetal programming, increasing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as small for gestational age (SGA); however, few studies have examined the associations between DNA methylation, prenatal exposures, and fetal outcomes. Cross-sectional data from a larger, ongoing study were used to assess the impact of prenatal smoking on gene specific methylation of umbilical cord blood derived DNA and to investigate the association between gene-specific methylation and risk of SGA. The association between gene-specific DNA methylation and birthweight was also assessed. Maternal and infant covariates were abstracted from medical records, cigarette smoke exposure was …

The Mozambique Eyecare Programme – A Partnership Which Addresses Avoidable Blindness In Lusophone Africa, Aoife Phelan, James Loughman, Eva Doyle

Conference Papers

According to the WHO about 831 million people are visually impaired worldwide, 45 million of them are blind. Most people with visual impairment are older, and females are more at risk at every age, in every part of the world. Uncorrected Refractive Error accounts for over half of all visual impairment. About 87% of the worlds visually impaired live in developing countries. The Mozambique Eyecare Programme (MEP) is a cross institutional collaboration between governments, higher education institutions, non-governmental organisations and corporations. The aims of this Programme are to collaborate to provide a sustainable solution to the problem of avoidable blindness …

Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium Pada Wanita Usia Subur Di Kecamatan Baturaden Kabupaten Banyumas, Jawa Tengah, Endo Dardjito, Setiyowati Rahardjo

Kesmas

Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium (GAKY) merupakan salah satu masalah gizi di Kabupaten Banyumas. GAKY disebabkan oleh defisiensi kronik asupan yodium, konsumsi goitrogenik, penggunaan kontrasepsi KB hormonal, faktor genetik, dan pengetahuan penderita. Prevalensi penyakit gondok di Kecamatan Baturaden, Kabupaten Banyumas, terus meningkat mencapai 35,38% pada tahun 2007 sehingga daerah ini tergolong endemis berat GAKY. Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko GAKY di Kecamatan Baturaden, suatu penelitian penjelasan dengan desain kasus kontrol telah dilakukan dengan melibatkan 30 orang wanita usia subur (15-45 tahun) yang menderita GAKY sebagai kasus dan 30 orang WUS lain yang tidak menderita GAKY sebagai sebagai kontrol. Kedua kelompok adalah penduduk …

Kontaminasi Bakteri Escherichia Coli Pada Makanan Pedagang Kaki Lima Di Sepanjang Jalan Margonda Depok, Jawa Barat, Dewi Susanna, Yvonne M. Indrawani, Zakianis Zakianis

Kesmas

Menteri Kesehatan menetapkan bahwa makanan dan minuman tidak boleh mengandung bakteri Escherichia coli (E. coli). Namun, kebanyakan pemerintah daerah tidak menindaklanjutinya dengan menerapkan peraturan yang lebih teknis untuk mencegah penyakit-penyakit yang ditularkan lewat makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kontaminasi E. coli dalam makanan yang dijual oleh pedagang kaki lima (PKL). Seratus PKL di sepanjang Jalan Margonda Kota Depok, Jawa Barat, dipilih secara acak sebagai sampel. Sebanyak 100 PKL, E. coli pada sampel berbagai jenis makanan diukur dengan metode most probable number, sementara sanitasi PKL dan kehigienisan penjamah makanan diamati. Ditemukan secara umum bahwa air bersih yang digunakan untuk memasak, …

Analisis Ketahanan Hidup Lima Tahun Penderita Kanker Ovarium Epithelial Di Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais Jakarta, Indang Trihandini, Dieta Nurrika

Kesmas

Kanker ovarium merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian wanita. Dalam kasus kanker, jumlah serum albumin adalah indikator prognostik bertahan hidup yang penting, sementara probabilitas global pasien kanker ovarium dengan serum albumin ³ 3,6 g/dL dan ² 3,5 g/dL untuk bertahan hidup lima tahun masing-masing 23% and 10%. Namun di Indonesia, ketahanan hidup pasien-pasien kanker ovarium epithelial belum diteliti secara intensif. Penelitian yang dilaporkan ini bertujuan untuk menentukan probabilitas ketahanan hidup pasien-pasien kanker ovarium epithelial menurut tingkat serum albumin tertentu. Dengan menggunakan rancangan studi kohort retrospektif dan analisis ketahanan hidup, 48 orang pasien Rumah Sakit Kanker Dharmais Jakarta diamati sejak pertama …

Kualitas Hidup Anak Remaja Pada Keluarga Dengan Hiv/Aids Di Indonesia, Toha Muhaimin

Kesmas

Epidemi HIV/AIDS mempunyai dampak pada sosial ekonomi keluarga, terutama terhadap kualitas hidup anak remaja (12-18 tahun). Untuk melihat dampak HIV/AIDS dalam keluarga terhadap kualitas hidup remaja dan untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi besar dampak itu, telah dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan data survei tentang AIDS yang dikumpulkan tahun 2007 oleh Pusat Penelitian Kesehatan Universitas Indonesia. Variabel komposit yang terdiri variabel pendidikan, lingkungan sosial, dan aktivitas fisik, yang dikategorikan menjadi kurang baik dan baik, digunakan untuk mengukur kualitas hidup. Variabel-variabel ini kemudian dianalisis dengan regresi logistik untuk melihat besar dampak HIV/AIDS dalam keluarga, rumah tangga, dan anak terhadap kualitas hidup remaja. …

Self-Insurance And The Potential Effects Of Health Reform On The Small-Group Market, Kathryn Linehan

National Health Policy Forum

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) as amended by the Health Care Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 makes landmark changes to health insurance markets. Individual and small-group insurance plans and markets will see the biggest changes, but PPACA also affects large employer and self-insured plans by imposing rules for benefit design and health plan practices. Over half of workers—most often those in very large firms—are covered by self-insured health plans in which employers (or employee groups) bear all or some of the risk of providing insurance coverage to a defined population of workers and their dependents. As PPACA …

The Influence Of Neurocognitive Impairment On Treatment Outcomes Among Drug-Involved People Living With Hiv/Aids, Ifeoma O. Ezeabogu

Master's Theses

Drug- and sex-related HIV risk behaviors and sub-optimal adherence to HIV medication regimens can jeopardize the health of HIV–infected injection drug users (IDUs) and threaten community health. Findings to date indicate that it is feasible to deliver a brief behavioral risk reduction/medication adherence group intervention to HIV-infected IDUs in a community-based setting. Being adherent to HAART or being able to successfully participate in behavioral interventions targeting adherence and harm reduction often requires a relatively high level of cognitive abilities. HIV infection and substance abuse are known to independently affect the central nervous system and this can result in neuro-cognitive impairment. …

Perceptions Of Maternal Stress And Neonatal Patient Outcomes In A Single Private Room Versus Open Room Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Environment., Lisa M. Smithgall

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Limited clinical evidence exists regarding whether the single private room Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) environment of care delivery has a positive, negative, or neutral impact on health outcomes for the high risk neonate and on maternal stress as compared to the open room design. The study purpose was to examine whether a difference exists in health outcomes in the open room versus single private room NICU environment. The factors considered were weight gain, ventilator days, hospital length of stay, incidence and grade of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), the number of parental visits, and perceptions of maternal stress. Infants hospitalized in …

Mathematical Modeling, Simulation, And Time Series Analysis Of Seasonal Epidemics., Eric Shu Numfor

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Seasonal and non-seasonal Susceptible-Exposed-Infective-Recovered-Susceptible (SEIRS) models are formulated and analyzed. It is proved that the disease-free steady state of the non-seasonal model is locally asymptotically stable if R_v < 1, and disease invades if R_v > 1. For the seasonal SEIRS model, it is shown that the disease-free periodic solution is locally asymptotically stable when R̅_v < 1, and I(t) is persistent with sustained oscillations when R̅_v > 1. Numerical simulations indicate that the orbit representing I(t) decays when R̅_v < 1 < R_v. The seasonal SEIRS model with routine and pulse vaccination is simulated, and results depict an unsustained decrease …

Racial Disparities In Healthcare: Challenges Faced By Hispanic Populations, Kaitlin Mcdowell

Honors Projects

No abstract provided.

Communities, Birth Attendants And Health Facilities: A Continuum Of Emergency Maternal And Newborn Care (The Global Network's Emonc Trial), Omrana Pasha, Robert L. Goldenberg, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Sarah Saleem, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Fernando Althabe, Archana Patel, Fabian Esamai, Ana Garces, Elwyn Chomba, Manolo Mazariegos, Bhala Kodkany, Jose M. Belizan, Richard J. Derman, Patricia L. Hibberd, Waldemar A. Carlo, Edward A. Liechty, K. Michael Hambidge, Pierre Buekens, Dennis Wallace, Lisa Howard-Grabman, Suzanne Stalls, Marion Koso-Thomas, Alan H. Jobe, Linda L. Wright

Community Health Sciences

Background: Maternal and newborn mortality rates remain unacceptably high, especially where the majority of births occur in home settings or in facilities with inadequate resources. The introduction of emergency obstetric and newborn care services has been proposed by several organizations in order to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, the effectiveness of emergency obstetric and neonatal care services has never been proven. Also unproven is the effectiveness of community mobilization and community birth attendant training to improve pregnancy outcomes. Methods/Design: We have developed a cluster-randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of a comprehensive intervention of community mobilization, birth attendant training and …

The Ingredients Of Change: A Political Ecology Approach To Diabetes In The Somali Community Of Minnesota, Mina Tehrani

Geography Capstone Projects

In the early 1990’s, due to political circumstances at home, Somali immigrants and refugees began arriving in the state of Minnesota in large numbers. Over the past two decades, Somali immigrants have come to comprise one of the most populous ethnic groups in the Twin Cities, and are the largest Somali population in the world outside of Eastern Africa. Although quantitative data is unavailable, qualitative evidence and testimonies of healthcare professionals support the conclusion that Somali immigrants in Minnesota suffer from higher rates of diabetes than non-immigrant groups and than they likely did before migration. Why might this be the …

Evaluation Of Be Wise About Your Portion Size: A Nutrition Education Program For Floridians, Andrea C. Goosen, Laura K. Guyer, Linda B. Bobroff

Florida Public Health Review

In the U.S., obesity is recognized as a growing epidemic whose increased prevalence among adults, children and adolescents present major health concerns. It is the second leading cause of preventable death, surpassed only by tobacco use. Research indicates that controlling the portion sizes of food is an effective way to lose and maintain weight loss. The nutrition education program, “Be Wise about Your Portion Size (BWPS),” was developed in 2005 by the Florida Interagency Food and Nutrition Committee (FIFNC) to support the efforts of community-based nutrition educators. The resource manual provides background information about obesity, consumer handouts, and lesson plans …

Translating Hemoglobin A1c Scores Across An Ethnically Diverse Population: Is The Language Consistent Across All Races?, Corliss M. Allen, Eartha S. Butler, Joseph Negusei, Celeste Hart, Ivette A. López, Cynthia M. Harris, Penny Ralston

Florida Public Health Review

Hemoglobin A1c testing is an accepted measure of how well the blood glucose level has been controlled in the recent past (six to eight weeks) among individuals with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood glucose in an ethnically diverse population in a clinical setting. A cross-sectional research design was employed to explore associations between these two diabetes control measures in a sample of African American, White and Hispanic patients receiving diabetes treatment and follow-up in an outpatient clinic in Tallahassee, Florida. Data collection included a questionnaire, medical examinations, and …

Finding High Quality Hospitals In Philadelphia., Robert D. Lieberthal, Phd

College of Population Health Lectures, Presentations, Workshops

Guest lecture for PBH609 GIS Mapping. Fall, 2010 session. Philadelphia, PA.

15 PowerPoint slides.

Évaluation De L’Implantation Des Conseils De Sécurité Par Les Usagers : Le Cas Du Guide De L’Utilisateur Relatif À La Sécurité Des Convoyeurs : Phase Exploratoire, Lise Desmarais, Laurent Giraud, Jennifer Bélanger, Julie Trépanier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

En 2003, l'IRSST et la CSST publiaient un document intitulé Sécurité des convoyeurs à courroie : généralités, protection contre les phénomènes dangereux : guide de l'utilisateur, pour favoriser la réduction du nombre d'accidents, souvent graves, reliés à l'utilisation de ces appareils dans plusieurs secteurs industriels. Tiré à 13 000 exemplaires, ce guide propose une série de mesures visant à sécuriser au maximum l'usage et l'entretien des convoyeurs. Afin d’avoir une meilleure compréhension du transfert de connaissances, les auteurs ont évalué le degré d'appropriation et d'application, par les milieux de travail, des conseils de prévention énoncés dans ce guide. Ils …

Stage Of Diagnosis Of Breast Cancer And Socioeconomic Status In A Universal Healthcare System: A Population-Based Study In Emilia-Romagna, Italy., Daniel Friedberg

Master of Public Health Capstone Presentations

Research has shown that lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with later stage of diagnosis of breast cancer in the United States healthcare system, where access to services may be an issue. However, limited data exists as to whether this effect is present in a universal healthcare system, without financial barriers to services. We sought to determine the association between stage of diagnosis of breast cancer and SES using data from Emilia-Romagna, a large region in northern Italy. We identified a population of women with incident breast cancer from 2002-2003 regional cancer registries, including information on cancer stage based on …

Mycotoxins In Grains – Causes, Prevention And Control, Hester F. Vismer

INTSORMIL Presentations

Discusses mycotoxins, their effect on grain, mitigation considerations, and resulting human toxicology.

The Affordable Care Act, Medical Homes, And Childhood Asthma: A Key Opportunity For Progress, Meagan Lyon, Anne Rossier Markus, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

The medical homes provisions of the Affordable Care Act offer a major opportunity to advance high quality, cost-efficient health care for children with asthma. This policy brief examines evolving national medical homes policy in a childhood asthma context. Following a brief background that examines childhood asthma and explores the origins and evolution of medical homes policy (a concept developed with children in mind), the brief then describes how the Affordable Care Act can advance the implementation of medical homes policies to improve health outcomes for children with asthma.

Chhs December/January E-Newsletter, Dr. John Bonaguro, Dean, Vashon S. Wells, Editor, Wku College Of Health & Human Services

College of Health & Human Services Publications

No abstract provided.

Wandering The Web -- To Your Good Health: Health Websites For Parents, Teens, And Kids, Carol L. Watwood

DLPS Faculty Publications

Parents, children, and teens are frequent users of health information on the Web. The Medical Library Association, the HONcode designation, and a checklist of quality indicators can be used to find and evaluate information on the Web. Some sites are designed to engage children; others are more suitable for adults or for homework assignments. A list of suggested sites is given.

Impact Of Stress Management On Learning In A Classroom Setting, Pankaj Mandale

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Stress is an important feature of the lives of college students and can impact negatively on learning. The effectiveness of an in-class stress management intervention for improving course content retention was tested with a cross-over design in two introductory graduate biostatistics classes. Each class met one day per week for the duration of the semester, and was taught by the same instructor, following the same syllabus. A pretest duplicating items on the midterm and final exam was administered to all students at the first class meeting. Identical midterm and final exams were administered in both classes. During the first half …

Coronary Heart Disease Knowledge And Risk Factors Among Filipino-Americans Connected To Primary Care Services, Alona N. Dalusung-Angosta

Nursing Faculty Research

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death of Filipino-Americans (FAs). Despite the growing numbers of FAs in the United States, little is known about their CHD knowledge and risk factors.

The purposes of this study were to examine the baseline knowledge and risk factors of CHD among FAs and to describe the relationships between knowledge, sociodemographic, and socioeconomic characteristic variables of FAs between the ages of 35-75 years.

The study sample consisted of 120 FAs (N = 120) who were connected to primary care services. Data were collected from three primary care clinics in Las Vegas, …

Accessibility Of Primary Health Care Settings For People With Disabilities, Nancy R. Mudrick, Mary Lou Breslin, Mengke Liang, Silvia Yee

Social Work - All Scholarship

People with disabilities report physical barriers in doctors’ offices that affect the quality of care. The analysis seeks to describe overall primary care office physical accessibility and identify (1) in which areas offices meet access criteria, (2) which accessibility criteria are most often not met, and (3) whether there are urban/non-urban differences.

Impact Of Information Sources On The Knowledge Of Adolescents About Hepatitis B, Ali Minhal Thaver, Ameera Kamal

Section of Internal Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of various sources of information on school going adolescents (belonging to higher social strata between ages 14-19 years) regarding Hepatitis B; its various types, importance, symptoms and cures.METHODS: A self-administered survey was conducted among the secondary school students (9-12 grades) of a private school for this purpose.RESULTS: A total of 160 students were approached from which 158 (98%) agreed to take part in the survey. Overall 98% students claimed to know something about Hepatitis B. But only 52% of all had comprehensive and correct knowledge about symptoms, causes and measures for prevention of Hepatitis B. …

The Development And Psychometric Testing Of A Hypertension Knowledge Instrument In A Vulnerable Population, Crescent Elayne Rowell

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The primary objective of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of a hypertension knowledge instrument in a vulnerable population. The secondary objective was to determine the association between hypertension knowledge and outcomes such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c.

A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 196 adults aged 18 years and older with hypertension. Item analysis was conducted to determine the reliability of the instrument. The factor structure was determined and confirmed using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between …

Women As Subject And Audience In World War Ii Venereal Disease Posters, Kyra Whitton

Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects

Internationally, venereal disease first became a major health concern during World War I. Venereal diseases were some of the most common infections and led to more hospitalizations among soldiers than wounds or battle-related illness. The Selective Service discovered that almost fifteen percent of those who were eligible for the draft were already infected with a venereal disease, sparking an intense anti-venereal disease campaign across America. Red-light districts were shut down, and American cities sought new laws that would criminalize prostitution to protect young men from contracting a venereal infection.

Though venereal disease rates were still high during World War II, …