Public Health Commons^™

Discovering Repurposable Drugs For Alzheimer's Disease And Related Dementias: Target Trial Emulation Using Decentralised Real-World Data, Qiong Wu, Lu Li, Yuqing Lei, Ting Zhou, Huilin Tang, Bingyu Zhang, Yiwen Lu, Maxwell Salvatore, Dazheng Zhang, Jiayi Tong, Tingyin Wang, Siqi Chen, Haoyang Li, Zhenxing Xu, Yu Huang, Yu Hu, Na Hong, Yujia Zhou, Fongci Lin, Kyra O'Brien, Yong Chen, Ruowang Li, Hua Xu, Fei Wang, Jiang Bian, David Wolk, Yong Chen

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) affect nearly 6.9 million Americans, with the number expected to triple by 2050, while disease-modifying therapies remain unavailable. Drug repurposing, which identifies new indications for already approved medications, offers a more efficient and cost-effective pathway to accelerate development of effective therapies for ADRD. The aim of this study is to identify potential drug repurposing signals by systematically screening routinely prescribed drugs for associations with progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to ADRD.

METHODS: We conducted a multi-site target trial emulation using electronic health record (EHR) data from four decentralised databases: INSIGHT Clinical Research …

Implementation Readiness For National Cancer Survivorship Care Standards, Christiane J. El Khoury, Meera Gupta, Maryem Shirzadi, Heidi Dowst, Martha Mims, Maysa Abu-Khalaf, Hoda Badr

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: Cancer survivorship care is a growing public health priority, yet delivery remains variable across health systems. The National Standards for Cancer Survivorship Care provide a framework for high-quality care, but little empirical evidence exists regarding health system readiness to implement these standards in routine practice.

OBJECTIVE: To assess implementation readiness for the National Standards for Cancer Survivorship Care and identify perceived barriers to implementation.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This real-time Delphi survey study was conducted from January to March 2025 at a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center. Participants were multidisciplinary experts involved in cancer survivorship care delivery, care …

Software Tools And Simulation Exercises For Radiation Oncology Cyber-Attack Resiliency, Yevgeniy Vinogradskiy, James Lamb

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

This review summarizes the rationale for radiation oncology cyberattack simulation exercises, recent results from multi-institutional resiliency drills, and the landscape of software tools developed to help clinics resume radiotherapy treatments rapidly and safely during a cyberattack or other major clinical software outage. Simulation exercises using record-and-verify (R&V) downtime and File Mode treatment delivery have identified failure modes not apparent in theoretical planning alone, including risks related to treatment documentation, repeated fractions, patient setup, and missed safety checks. Available software tools emphasize insulated backup of DICOM-format planning data and clinical notes, treatment-state dashboards, File Mode treatments, redundant R&V installations, and human-readable …

Race And Ethnicity And Overall Survival In Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Daniel J. Zheng, Long Khuong, Catherine Aftandilian, Kira Bona, Emi H. Caywood, Caitlin W. Elgarten, Brian T. Fisher, Cody-Aaron L. Gathers, Taumoha Ghosh, M. Monica Gramatges, Gary Hettinger, Meret R. Henry, Yuan-Shung V Huang, Yimei Li, Kelly Maloney, Amir Mian, Tamara P Miller, Arunkumar Modi, Rajen Mody, Regina M. Myers, Haley Newman, Jose Ortiz, Alix E. Seif, Caroline Smith, Jamie Stokke, Naomi Winick, Jennifer J. Wilkes, Victor Wong, Richard Aplenc, Kelly D. Getz

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black (hereafter, Black) children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have historically experienced worse survival outcomes compared with non-Hispanic White (hereafter, White) children. Understanding specific intermediate pathways underlying these outcome disparities is a critical step to directing interventional efforts and resources.

OBJECTIVE: To compare survival outcomes by race and ethnicity in a large contemporary cohort of pediatric patients with AML and to examine presentation acuity, frontline organ toxic effects, and relapse as potential mediators of any observed outcome disparities.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study was analyzed from April 2025 to January 2026 and included …

Attrition Of The Midwifery Workforce: Understanding Factors Associated With Leaving The Profession, E. Brie Thumm, Amy H. Goh, Elizabeth G. Phillips, Zachary Giano

College of Health Professions Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To understand why advanced practice midwives (certified nurse-midwives and certified midwives) leave the workforce.

STUDY SETTING AND DESIGN: A multi-method, multi-source investigation included secondary analysis of certification data of advanced practice midwives and a cross-sectional online survey with closed- and open-ended items. Advanced practice midwives' active certification data were used to compare self-reported demographic characteristics of advanced practice midwives who reported working in the discipline of midwifery to those who did not (n = 9704). A survey was conducted in 2022 with individuals who allowed their certification to lapse between 2017 and 2021 (n = 303) and individuals who …

"It's Probably Like A Web": Complex Relationships Between Pain And Mental Health Among Bisexual+ Women With Chronic Pain, Aster Harrison, Mansha Mirza

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Bisexual+ women experience higher rates of both mental illness and chronic pain when compared to either straight or lesbian women. Their experiences of the relationship between their mental health and chronic pain remain underexplored. This article presents an intersectional Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of the experiences of six bisexual+ women with chronic pain.

METHODS: Each woman completed two semi-structured interviews. Interviews were analyzed with Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis, beginning with in-depth case study analysis of each person's interviews before moving to comparison across cases.

RESULTS: Results indicated a complex web of multidirectional relationships between mental health and chronic pain. These relationships …

Cervical Cancer Screening Coverage And Associated Factors Among Women Aged 25-59 In Eswatini: Insights From The 2021 Population-Based Hiv Impact Assessment (Phia), Abenezer Melaku Tafese, Bikiltu Dirbaba, Meseker Fentie, Charnita Zeigler-Johnson

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Eswatini, which reported the highest cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates globally in 2022. However, recent nationally representative published data on cervical cancer screening coverage in Eswatini remain limited. This study aimed to estimate cervical cancer screening coverage and identify factors associated with screening uptake among women aged 25-59 years in Eswatini.

METHOD: Data were drawn from the 2021 Eswatini Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA), a nationally representative cross-sectional household survey. Survey-weighted bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify …

Llm-As-A-Judge For Infection Prevention And Control And Antimicrobial Resistance Impact: Comparing Three Main Llms Vs. Human Experts' Assessment, Marcello Di Pumpo, Leonardo Villani, Maria Rosaria Gualano, Danilo Buonsenso, Francesca Raffaelli, Daniele Donà, Patrizia Laurenti, Vittorio Maio, Stefania Boccia, Walter Ricciardi

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate health information, yet their reliability as evaluators remains unclear. This study investigated the feasibility of an LLM-as-a-judge methodology in the context of infection prevention and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), comparing automated ratings with human expert benchmarks.

METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of an expert-annotated dataset of health messages. Three leading LLMs (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini) independently evaluated the same messages using an adapted DISCERN tool across five domains: information reliability, quality, AMR impact, persuasiveness, and overall score. We utilized descriptive statistics, intra-rater reliability tests, and mixed-effects ordinal regression to analyze divergence …

Leveraging Health Information Exchange (Hie) Data To Demonstrate The Impact On Health Outcomes Of Community Based Organization Interventions: Case Studies Of Housing Placement And Medically Tailored Meal Program, Kevin Kramer, Harm Scherpbier, William Marella

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Objective

Methods

Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (Tips) Outcomes For Variceal Hemorrhage During And After Covid-19: Racial, Payer, And Income Disparities - A National Retrospective Cohort Study With Stratified Sensitivity Analyses, Nakul Ganju, Shubham Gupta, Sahak Hovsepian, Samay Shah, Shaunak Ganju, Farshad Aduli

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) reduces mortality in esophageal variceal hemorrhage. Whether the COVID-19 pandemic worsened existing disparities in outcomes among patients undergoing TIPS remains unclear. We aimed to characterize racial, payer-based, and income-based disparities in post-TIPS outcomes before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: Using the 2016-2022 National Inpatient Sample, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of 31,860 weighted hospitalizations of adults with cirrhosis and esophageal variceal hemorrhage who underwent TIPS. Admissions were stratified as pre-COVID (2016-2019) and post-COVID (2020-2022). Primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and total hospital charges. Multivariable regression models with …

Perceptions Of Research Participation Among Underrepresented Groups: Insights Using Freelisting Methodology, Tamar Klaiman, Jasmine Silvestri, Emma Britez Ferrante, Dorothy Sheu, Adina Lieberman, Erich Dress, Modele Ogunniyi, Neal Dickert, Meghan Lane-Fall, Rosemary Frasso, Rachel Kohn

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Low enrollment and retention in clinical research disproportionately impact Black, Hispanic or Latinx, women, and rural populations, undermining generalizability and perpetuating health disparities. However, few studies have compared mechanisms driving underrepresentation across populations. Freelisting is a qualitative methodology that elicits lists of terms, explores perspectives about domains, and identifies common themes within groups with shared characteristics; however, it has not been systematically applied to understand research participation across underrepresented populations.

OBJECTIVE: To explore perspectives on clinical research participation across underrepresented populations using freelisting methodology to ultimately inform culturally-responsive recruitment strategies.

METHODS: We conducted a web-based freelisting survey among adults …

Application Of Toast Criteria, Comorbidities And Outcomes In Patients With Ischemic Stroke: Multicenter Collaboration In The Dominican Republic, Ryna Then, Maria Muñoz, Cristina Ramos, Marcos Mota, Priscilla Sepulveda, Lisa José, Luis Suazo, Francisco Mendez, Yahaira Franco, Cosme González Villamán, Acela Gonell, Violiza Inoa, Gillian Gordon Perue, Manuel Colomé-Hidalgo, Nadja García

Einstein Health Papers

INTRODUCTION: Stroke is a leading cause of neurological-related death in the Caribbean. The Dominican Republic has among the highest stroke-related mortality rates in the Americas. We aimed to determine ischemic stroke etiologies, characterize comorbidities, and describe outcomes in the Dominican Republic using the TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) classification.

METHODS: We analyzed a multicenter quality registry between January 2022 and October 2024. Statistical analyses included Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests with Bonferroni correction, chi-square tests, and Spearman correlation.

RESULTS: The most common stroke subtype was undetermined etiology (54.8%), followed by large artery atherosclerosis (17.2%) and cardioembolism …

A Scoping Review Of Preventive Interventions To Reduce Violence Against Women And Girls In The Islamic Republic Of Iran, Wahiba Abu-Ras, Leena Babiker Idris, Shahira Amin, Ashley Butler, Patricia J. Kelly, Basil H. Aboul-Enein

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

In Iran, violence against women (VAWG) remains highly prevalent, with reported rates ranging from 22.9% to 66%, underscoring the need for effective, contextually grounded interventions.   This scoping review aimed to systematically identify, map, and critically appraise intervention strategies addressing VAWG in Iran.   Guided by PRISMA-ScR and the PICOS framework, comprehensive searches were conducted across nine databases from 2000 to September 2024. Eligible studies included intervention-based research conducted in Iran that reported outcomes related to violence reduction, psychological well-being, or empowerment. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria.   The included studies demonstrated heterogeneous designs, theoretical frameworks, and outcome measures. Four interventions targeted …

Using United States Medicare Program Claims To Identify Reliable Measures Of Low Value Services Influenced By Primary Care Physician Decisions, Chris Fleming, Dmitriy Poznyak, Rhea E. Powell, Claire Erba, Eunhae Shin, Rui Wang, Claire Burkhart, Arkadipta Ghosh, Eugene C. Rich

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

BACKGROUND: Low-value services (LVS) are those that “… provide little to no benefit to patients….”¹ Among an existing set of 31 LVS are invasive procedures not typically performed by primary care physicians (PCPs), and other LVS that may be commonly provided by specialists. To facilitate research on the role of primary care physicians in low-value care, we sought to identify the reliability of two subsets of LVS measures that are more directly subject to PCPs’ decisions. We refer to these as primary care adjacent (“PCA”) LVS measures.

METHODS: Retrospective observational cohort study to identify which of a 31-item LVS …

From Combustion Emissions To Neurotoxicity: Brain Health Risks Of Military Burn Pits Exposure, Katherine M. Eggers, Zoe A. Keller, Paul Barach, Julie M. Tomáška, Joshua P. Nixon, Janeen H. Trembley, Tammy A. Butterick

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Military burn pits used during post-9/11 U.S. military deployments functioned as uncontrolled combustion systems and were widely utilized to dispose of large volumes of outdoor waste by burning. Burn pits involved heterogeneous waste materials burned under variable temperature and oxygen conditions. These combustion environments generated complex, toxic, multipollutant airborne emission mixtures that included particulate matter (PM2.5), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This narrative review synthesizes epidemiologic, experimental, and mechanistic evidence linking burn pit emissions to disruption of the lung–brain axis and adverse neurological outcomes. We specifically aim to address a critical gap in understanding how combustion-derived …

Multidomain Expert Evaluation Of Leading Large Language Models As Providers Of Vaccination And Preventive Medicine Information, Marcello Di Pumpo, Leonardo Villani, Vittorio Maio, Maria Rosaria Gualano, Eleonora Marziali, Lucia De Maio, Rossella Mancini, Stefania Boccia, Walter Ricciardi, Patrizia Laurenti

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: Vaccination is one of the most effective public health interventions. Large language models (LLMs) show great capability for providing health information. This study compared the performance of ChatGPT 3.5 (G3E), ChatGPT 4o in English (G4E), Claude 3.0 (CDE), Gemini 1.5 (GME), and ChatGPT 4o in Italian (G4I) in delivering information on vaccination and preventive medicine.

STUDY DESIGN: Mixed-method analysis evaluating large language models.

METHODS: Twenty-six expert-designed healthcare scenarios were used to evaluate each model through an adapted DISCERN-based instrument. Four experts independently rated outputs across six domains: Information Reliability, Information Quality, Medical Appropriateness, Impact on Vaccine Hesitancy, Potential for …

Alara+: Summit On Radiation And Orthopedic Risks In Fluoroscopic Laboratories: Endorsed By Acc, Acvp, Ase, Hrs, Scai, Sir, Snis, Svin, And Svs, Arash Salavitabar, Amit N. Vora, Dorothea Altschul, J. Fritz Angle, Chelsea Ballinger, Andrew Bojanowski, Anna E. Bortnick, Kyle Bugg, Emily Carpenter, Robert E. Foster, Joanna Ghobrial, Matthew Glogoza, Atul Gupta, James B. Hermiller, A. Kyle Jones, Summer L. Kaplan, Steven J. Kraus, Omar Khalique, Andrea Klein, Nick Morse, Preethi Ramchand, David G. Rizik, Lucy M. Safi, Cheryl C. Schultz, Kamala P. Tamirisa, R. Jay Widmer, Kristi Wilson, Jonathan X. Fang, Arnold Seto, Robert F. Riley

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Occupational radiation exposure has a clear association with long-term health effects and has a particular impact on women, trainees, and supporting staff. There is a reliance on limited, traditional radiation protection and nonergonomic equipment, which carries associated orthopedic injury rates with adverse impacts on both individual career trajectories and health systems, and with significant challenges to widespread implementation of enhanced radiation protection devices. During the 2025 Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions Scientific Sessions in Washington, DC, a multidisciplinary Think Tank summit was convened and included representatives from multiple stakeholders, including other professional societies, advocacy groups, and industry partners. The …

Evaluating Stroke Recognition And Prehospital Quality Metrics In Emergency Dispatch: A Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing Mimics And Confirmed Strokes, Nedim Leto, Elisabeth Farbu, Paul Barach, Conrad Arnfinn Bjørshol, Martin Kurz, Soffien Ajmi, Annette Fromm, Christopher Kalhagen Bjerkvig, Thomas Lindner

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: Accurate identification of acute stroke by the Emergency Medical Dispatch Centre (EMDC) is essential for timely treatment and efficient resource use. However, stroke mimics-conditions resembling stroke can often lead to overtriage, complicating emergency care. We aimed to quantify EMDC stroke overtriage and compare characteristics of stroke mimics with confirmed stroke cases.

DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING: Patients with suspected stroke identified by the EMDC in Western Norway between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2022.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 8,261 patients with EMDC suspected stroke were included. Stroke suspicion was determined using the Norwegian Medical Priority Dispatch System, which …

Do Rural-Urban Disparities Translate Into Nursing Complexity At Hospital Admission? Evidence From A Single Tertiary-Care Pediatric Hospital In Italy, Manuele Cesare, Gianfranco Damiani, Gloria Anderson, Jessica Preziosi, Rosemary Frasso, Leonardo Villani, Nursing And Public Health Group, Vittorio Maio, Antonello Cocchieri

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Rural-urban disparities are well documented in pediatric healthcare, influencing access, service organization, and outcomes. However, whether these differences extend to the domain of nursing care remains unclear. This study examined the association between degree of urbanization and nursing complexity among children admitted to a single tertiary-care pediatric hospital, comparing clinical, organizational, and nursing characteristics across geographic groups.

METHODS: Routinely collected electronic nursing documentation and hospital administrative records were retrospectively examined in a tertiary-care pediatric hospital in Rome, Italy. Children aged 2 to < 18 years were consecutively included. Degree of urbanization was defined using the ISTAT-derived DEGURBA classification. The study outcome for nursing complexity corresponded to the number of nursing diagnoses documented at hospital admission. Descriptive analyses and a multivariable negative binomial regression model assessed the association between urbanization and nursing complexity, adjusting for age, sex, DRG weight, number of medical diagnoses, and chronic conditions.

RESULTS: Among 1652 pediatric hospitalizations, those from rural areas showed a higher clinical burden, with significantly higher …

Molecular Classification And Association With Survival Outcomes In High-Intermediate And High-Risk Early-Stage Endometrial Cancers: Ancillary Analysis Of Gog-0249, Lindsay Kuroki, Danielle Enserro, Heather Lankes, Kyle Strickland, Rebecca Previs, Aine Clements, Matthew Powell, Ann Klopp, Elena Ratner, Paul Disilvestro, Casey Cosgrove, Guilherme Henrique Cantuaria, Nicola Spirtos, Michael Carney, Mitchell Edelson, Gottfried Konecny, Penny Anderson, Christopher Tarney, Britt Erickson, Meredith Newton, Krishnansu Tewari, Premal Thaker, David Warshal, Amy Armstrong, Xun Clare Zhou, Angeles Alvarez Secord

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

OBJECTIVE: Determine whether mismatch repair (MMR) and p53 expression predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in early-stage endometrial cancer (EC) patients treated with vaginal cuff brachytherapy plus chemotherapy (VCB/C) versus pelvic radiation therapy (RT).

METHODS: In the GOG-0249 trial, 601 patients with high-intermediate risk (HIR) early-stage EC were randomized to VCB/C (carboplatin/paclitaxel for 3 cycles) or pelvic RT. Molecular subgroups, deficient MMR (dMMR), p53 wildtype (p53wt), p53 abnormal (p53abn), were determined by immunohistochemistry. Five-year RFS and OS were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for lymphadenectomy, planned VCB, and treatment group.

RESULTS: Among 315 …

Cigarette And E-Cigarette Use In Greater Philadelphia: Proportion Of Use Compared To National Data And Local Predictors Of Smoking Status, Munjireen Sifat, Joshua Banks, Lilianna Phan, Kuang-Yi Wen, Julie A. Barta, Rebecca J. Melillo, Hee-Soon Juon

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

UNLABELLED: Objective tobacco use, cigarette, e-cigarette, cancer-related beliefs, perceived risk, lifestyle attribution, cancer disparities, health equity. We assessed cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use in the Greater Philadelphia region alongside national data. The objectives were to descriptively explore differences in tobacco use by sociodemographic characteristics. We also examined cancer belief associations with smoking and e-cigarette use in the local context.

METHODS: We descriptively compared cross-sectional survey data from 2744 adults in the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC) catchment area (Greater Philadelphia region; May-July 2022) with 6252 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 6) nationally representative respondents (United States; March-November 2022). …

Isass Brave New Continuing Medical Education World: The Stifling Of Innovation In Spine Surgery Through Overrestriction Of Collaboration, Morgan P. Lorio, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Óscar L. Alves, Avelino Parajón, Matthew Scott-Young, Hansen A. Yuan, Alex R. Vaccaro

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: in 2020, the accreditation Council for Continuing Medical education (aCCMe) released the Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Medical Education, effective january 1, 2022, to ensure that accredited activities are accurate, balanced, evidence-based, and clearly separated from marketing and sales. although these aims are broadly supported, implementation may have unintended consequences in procedure-intensive specialties such as spine surgery, where surgeon–industry collaboration often drives device innovation, clinical trials, and dissemination of new techniques.

OBJECTIVE: To examine how current interpretations of ACCME eligibility and financial-relationship standards may affect continuing medical education in spine surgery and to propose practical adaptations …

Identifying Delays Impacting Maternal And Perinatal Deaths Using A Facility-Based Death Audit Review System Integrated With Community Engagement: A Mixed Methods Study, Zahid Memon, Wardah Ahmed, Shah Muhammad, Sajid Soofi, Shanti Chouhan, Arjumad Rizvi, Paul Barach, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Pakistan's persistently high maternal (178 per 100 000 livebirths) and neonatal (41 per 1000 livebirths) mortality ratios are compounded by lack of reliable data on the root causes and preventable risk factors, which hinders their effective use in improving care and progress toward safe, high-quality services. We sought to identify system delays impacting maternal and perinatal deaths using a facility-based death audit review system integrated with community engagement for implementing actionable solutions.

METHODS: We used a mixed methods, concurrent parallel study design at three secondary level healthcare facilities in District Matiari, Sindh, Pakistan. We reviewed 319 cases that included …

Assessment Of Clinical And Neuroimaging Efficacy Of Treatment Targeting Tau Pathology In Mild Cognitive Impairment And Mild To Moderate Alzheimer’S Disease With Hydromethylthionine Mesylate Using External Control Data, Bjoern O. Schelter, Helen Shiells, Serena Lo, Nafeesa Nazlee, Emily Evans, Peter Bentham, Serge Gauthier, Henrik Zetterberg, Gordon K. Wilcock, Lutz Froelich, Alistair Burns, Emer Macsweeney, Clive Ballard, Jin-Tai Yu, Tay Siew Choon, Vahe Asvatourian, Natalia Muehlemann, Jan Priel, Karin Kook, Tenecia Sullivan, Diane Downie, Sonya Miller, Carol Pringle, John M. D. Storey, Tom Baddeley, Charles R. Harrington, Roger Staff, Anca-Larisa Sandu, Claire Hull, Richard G. Stefanacci, Claude M. Wischik

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Hydromethylthionine mesylate (HMTM) targets tau pathology and also has tau-independent symptomatic activity. A traditional randomised placebo-controlled trial (RCT) was precluded by loss of blinding due to urinary colouration and therapeutic activity at the minimum dose required to maintain blinding.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of HMTM in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild to moderate dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD).

METHODS: Because a traditional RCT was not feasible without loss of blinding, we compared HMTM 16 mg/day in TRx-237-039 with propensity score matched true placebo controls from the FDA-sponsored Critical Path for AD (CPAD) database with …

A Scoping Review Of The Objective Structured Assessment Of Technical Surgical Skills (Osats), David J. O'Regan, Christopher Caddy, Retnagowri Rajandram, Paul Barach

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) offers an objective tool for assessing bowel anastomosis on a benchtop. It was developed in 1997 to set appropriate standards and expectations for the surgical trainee. OSATS have become the gold standard of assessment across many disciplines. A global Likert rating scale, including respect for tissues, instrument handling, economy of movement, and flow of the operation predominates the literature. This has led to many questioning OSATS objectivity, claiming the process to be time-consuming, subjective, demanding human resources, and requiring extensive training of the trainer. We believe OSATS scoring has omitted the 22-point …

Coverage, Traits, And Geographic Distribution Of Online Surgeon Reviews: Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Analysis, Michael Geng, Carlos Riveros, Yash B. Shah, Sanjana Ranganathan, Kai Fok, Renil Sinu Titus, Vatsala Mundra, Eusebio Luna Velasquez, Dharam Kaushik, Allan S. Detsky, Angela Jerath, Benjamin N. Breyer, Yusuke Tsugawa, Christopher J. D. Wallis, Raj Satkunasivam

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

BACKGROUND: The use of online physician rating platforms has significantly increased and has been shown to influence physician selection. There are limited data on the use of these platforms for rating surgeons.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we sought to assess the geographic distribution of and patterns in rating scores of surgeons in the United States. Additionally, we examined rating volumes across different surgical specialties and the association between peer-nominated and patient-initiated ratings on online rating platforms in the United States.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study by identifying 201,154 surgeons in the United States via the National Plan and Provider …

Costs, Demographics, And Causative Agents In Patients Hospitalized For Drug Induced Liver Injury: Trends In A Large Academic Healthcare System, Megan Kozar, Yunisse Gonzalez, Dina Halegoua-De Marzio

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition. To date, the burden of DILI on a single, large healthcare system has not been investigated, preventing adequate resource allocation. This study aims to quantify DILI-related healthcare utilization within the Jefferson Health System (JHS) and identify case-related factors associated with high resource requirements; such information is crucial to focus efforts toward resource reduction.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study characterizes trends of 48 DILI cases within JHS, including demographics, payer status, causative agent, and DILI pattern. These variables were correlated with length of stay (LOS) and cost relating to …

The History Of Women In Neuroradiology In North America From 1990 To The Present, Vijay M. Rao

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

From 1990 to 2024, women neuroradiologists in North America have made tremendous progress in the areas of leadership, clinical innovation, research, education, diversity, equity and inclusion, and global outreach. This chapter begins with summaries of their key accomplishments in four broad domains, followed by short biographical sketches of numerous luminaries organized by leadership roles and areas of expertise, and ending with conclusions and future directions.

Postmarketing Safety Of Bimekizumab For Hidradenitis Suppurativa: An Early Pharmacovigilance Analysis Using The United States Food And Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System, Simona A. Alomary, Nicole J. Baker, Temitayo Ogunleye, Susan C. Taylor

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

No abstract provided.

Lessons Learned From The Implementation Of A Pragmatic Trial Evaluating Non-Pharmacological Approaches To Dementia Care In Us Nursing Homes, Carin Wong, Catherine V. Piersol, Felicia Chew, Cara Lekovitch, Victoria Shier, Mike Morris, Jenny Martínez, Julie Britton, Natalie E. Leland

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

RATIONALE: The consistent delivery of effective evidence into nursing home practice has been shown to enhance quality of care and residents' outcomes. Pragmatic trials enable the evaluation of efficacious interventions in a real-world context, including care of residents living with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). Yet, there are limited pragmatic trials conducted in nursing homes and even less evidence on the strategies to successfully conduct such research in this setting.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the lessons learned from a pragmatic trial and provide recommendations for future successful studies in United States (US) nursing homes.

METHODS: Drawing on a case example …