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Childhood Obesity And Its Relationship To Sedentary Behavior Patterns Vs. Other Independent Risk Factors Of Obesity Among Navy Dependent Adolescents, Shaye Lauren Arluk

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Background According to data gathered in the NHANES 1999 survey 14% of American children are now classified as obese, a 60% increase in prevalence from the NHANES II survey in 1976. Multiple research studies have looked at the role of dietary intake, heredity, and physical activity participation as independent risk factors of obesity with mixed results. However, sedentary behavior patterns, which have markedly increased in the past ten years, have not been extensively studied in relation to childhood obesity. The goal of this study was to focus on the relationship between various sedentary behaviors and childhood obesity.

Methods Two descriptive …

Promoting Healthy Behavior Change In Skin Cancer Risk Reduction Using The Transtheoretical Stages Of Change Model, Sherry L. Pagoto

Dissertations

Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States with 20% of people developing some form of skin cancer in their lifetime (American Cancer Society, 1999). In spite of the high incidence of skin cancer, it is highly preventable. Approximately 90% of the cases are caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun (Skin Cancer Foundation, 1992). The effect of an intervention aimed at reducing skin cancer risk was compared to a survey only control group in 99 Chicago beach-goers. The intervention was based on the Transtheoretical Stages of Change Model (TTM) and included sun sensitivity …

Hand Intensive Leisure Activities And Repetitive Motion Injuries Of The Distal Upper Extremities, Marilyn Colvin Wright

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background. The work-relatedness of repetitive motion injuries to the distal upper extremities (RMI-DUEs) has been well documented; however, human occupation extends beyond the job to include self-care and leisure activities. The effects of hand intensive leisure activities (HILAs) such as home computer use and needlework on RMI-DUEs have not been explored. These HILAs require hand usage similar to known work-related risk factors. Additionally, sedentary leisure contributes to obesity thereby increasing the disease burden of women. Health beliefs regarding leisure and fitness among women employed in hand intensive sedentary jobs have not been explored.

Purpose. The purpose of this study was …

How Peruvian Mothers Appraise Pneumonia And The Predictors Of Their Intention To Seek Medical Care When Their Children Have Signs Of Pneumonia, César Augusto Gálvez

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Pneumonia ranks first in health problems demanding attention, and second in the cause of mortality for children under five years old in Peru (Toledo, & Minaya, 1999). Studies about behavioral determinants that influence mothers to seek medical help for their child with signs of pneumonia do not focus on the contribution of the behavioral determinants to intention of seeking medical help.

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and a cross-sectional design, the objectives of this study were to know first, Peruvian mothers' perceptions about knowledge and recognition of pneumonia, and about the government pneumonia campaign (GPC). Second, mothers' attitudes, …

A Health System Analysis Approach To Health Outcomes In Medicare Clients With Chronic Illnesses, Christine A. Elnitsky

Health Services Research Dissertations

Since 1863, outcomes measurement efforts have provided information to health care consumers, administrators, and policymakers in assessing concerns about access, quality and costs. With a growing population of older adults with chronic illnesses, cost-cutting strategies in health delivery systems, and federal endorsement of managed care systems, researchers have begun to evaluate the impact of different delivery system organizations on health. The current study combines two areas of health services research to provide the first published hierarchical analysis of the influence of delivery system factors, and a profile of population and community characteristics and utilization factors, on perceived health outcomes of …

Behind The Counter: Pharmacies And Dispensing Patterns Of Pharmacy Attendants In Karachi., Fauziah Rabbani, F. H. Cheema, N. Talati, S. Siddiqui, S. Syed, S. Bashir, L. Z. Zuberi, A. Shamim, Q. Mumtaz

Community Health Sciences

BACKGROUND:

There is little literature available on dispensing patterns and unsupervised sale of medicines from pharmacies in developing countries.

OBJECTIVE:

This study obtained background information on pharmacies assessed the level of training, knowledge and dispensing patterns of pharmacy attendants in Karachi.

METHODOLOGY:

This is a descriptive cross sectional study with convenient sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to interview pharmacy attendants.

RESULTS:

Of the 219 pharmacies surveyed, 62% reported more than 50 customers daily and 20% also sold items of general provision. Mean operating hours were 13. Only 24 (11%) had a visible license. On an average 3 attendants were …

Welfare Reform And The Well-Being Of Families: Successes To Date And Challenges Ahead, Jane Koppelman

National Health Policy Forum

This issue brief discusses a key issue in evaluating the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA): the status of families after the implementation of this landmark welfare reform program. The new block grant program to states to administer the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families(TANF) program has been extremely effective when measured by lower welfare rolls and higher work rates and earnings for recipients. However, an equally important dimension described by the paper is what is known about longer-term effects and the status of people who have left welfare, with special emphasis on how children have …

Welfare Reform And Substance Abuse: Innovative State Strategies, Ginger P. Parra

National Health Policy Forum

This issue brief highlights key facts about the impact of substance abuse on welfare reform and recipients of Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, or TANF. After outlining some of the data on the incidence of substance abuse as well as its costs and treatment, it concludes by describing innovative state welfare programs attempting to lower barriers to employment and self-sufficiency.

Contrasting Treatments Of Recall Bias In Two Epidemiological Settings, Daniel Barry

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The author contrasts the treatment of recall bias in the literature on induced abortions and breast cancer, and on environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer.

Over A Decade Of Comparative Risk Analysis: A Review Of The Human Health Rankings, David M. Konisky

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The author reviews a method for undertaking a cross-project comparison of comparative risk analyses to understand which environmental problem areas have been cited most as often posing the severest risks.

State Schip Design And The Right To Coverage, Sara J. Rosenbaum, Barbara Smith

Health Policy and Management Issue Briefs

No abstract provided.

Chief Medical Officers' Perceptions Of Disease Management Programs, Gang Xu, Lisa E. Paddock, John P. O'Connor, David B. Nash, Mark Zitter

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

The purpose of this article is to examine chief medical officers' (CMOs) perception of disease management programs. Five open-ended questions, each addressing a major issue in the development of disease management programs, were given to 31 CMOs who attended a series of invitation-only conferences on disease management in the fall of 1999. Qualitative data analysis was conducted using the transcripts on each of the issues. Overall, the CMOs viewed the emergence of capitated disease management programs positively. They considered the population of a program to be the contractual patients and/or those at risk for the target disease. On the issue …

Measurement Of The Impact Of Winona Health Online, David B. Nash, David Shulkin, Florence Comite, Ron Loeppke, Bruce Van Cleave, Robert Kane, Jon Christianson, Douglas Pousma

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

The purpose of this article is to present the methodology to study the clinical and financial outcomes associated with the use of Winona Health Online, a novel community-wide interactive healthcare Website in Winona, Minnesota. Outcome methodology was developed by the University of Minnesota School of Public Health and the Carlson School of Management in cooperation with nationally recognized outcomes and disease state management experts, healthcare practitioners in Winona, statisticians, and health economists. The main areas of measurement include health status, satisfaction, cost and utilization of services, and clinical quality.

Looking Back At Fluoridation, Allan Mazur

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The author reviews the 50-year history of the debate over fluoridating drinking water as a public health measure.

A Peculiar Logic Of Pro-Abortion Advocacy, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article identifies a weakness in pro-abortion advocacy and how this weakness can be resolved to support said advocacy.

How Can Health Serve As A Bridge For Peace? Certi Crisis And Transition Tool Kit, Rosalia Rodriguez-Garcia, James Macinko, F. Xavier Solorzano, Marita Schlesser, George Washington University School Of Public Health And Health Services

Global Health Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Étude De Cas D'Amélioration Ergonomique Des Outils Présentant Des Risques D'Atteintes Musculo-Squelettiques, Georges Toulouse, Yves Beauchamp

Rapports de recherche scientifique

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Cold Stress On Worker Performance In A Refrigerated Warehouse, Margarita Chernyshov

Theses

The effects of cold stress were evaluated on worker performance in a low temperature environment. Level of clothing protection was compared to the functional ability of working on various tasks. Physical as well as mental effects were discussed to develop a basis for the physiological adaptations due to cold stress. The study focused on workers that performed various simple and complex tasks in a refrigerated warehouse with a temperature range 32° - 40°F. Surveys were distributed to employees who presently and previously worked in this refrigerated area. The "Picker" and "Feeder" tasks were analyzed as they pertain to this low …

Strategic Plan, Steve Konkel, Joe E. Beck, Eric Barker

Environmental Health Science Faculty and Staff Research

The Kentucky Association of Counties (KACo) strategic effort was organized under the aegis of Robert Arnold, the Executive Director of KACo. Strategic Focus, a strategic planning and facilitation organization, was selected to facilitate the meetings and provide consultation regarding development of the plan.

Tobacco Use Among Latinos, Gerardo Marín

Psychology

No abstract provided.

Letter Of Congratulations, Deborah Ann Turner

International Journal of Global Health

Congratulations to the members of the Global Health Corps on the launching of their new publication, International Journal of Global Health.

There are many aspects of the University of Northern Iowa that make it a unique and outstanding institution of higher learning. However, there is none so great as the atmosphere that fosters both the development and delivery of a service such as the Global Health Corps.

Cover - Front Matter - Table Of Contents

International Journal of Global Health

No abstract provided.

Profile: Friends Of Dolpa

International Journal of Global Health

Friends of Dolpa is a small non-profit organization working directly with Himalayan peoples to improve education and cultural preservation in the remote district of Dolpa, in northwestern Nepal. The organization supports locally managed projects in and near Shey-Phoksundo National Park. Until recently, Pockets of Ancient cultures and unique natural environments have survived intact in Nepal's remote corners. This generation of Dolpali people, no longer isolated, are in a process of defining for themselves how to control and participate in development while maintaining their unique heritage and traditions.

Humanitarian Health Education Programming: Diffusion Of Health Messages Through Folk Media, Archana Daya Shankar

International Journal of Global Health

For several decades, numerous health programs for the underserved have been launched in rural areas of developing countries. World organization, NGO's and government agencies have been allocating a significant portion of their budgets for developing health education programs for underserved population in different parts of the world. The success rate of reaching the goals of these programs has been very slow. For example, in India experience in rural health development has clearly indicated that isolated urban health programs do not provide appropriate assistance to the underserved sections of society (Hedge, 1997).

Medical Relief After An Unnatural Disaster: How International Health Care Providers May Prove Counter-Productive To Recovery, Maureen Mccue

International Journal of Global Health

Equally severe natural disasters that hit equally populous areas produce vastly different impacts and outcomes depending on preexisting political and economic conditions. International relief organizations and civil defense disaster response teams employ effective life saving protocols in the immediate aftermath of a disaster. However, there is little information that addresses the ongoing needs or assesses appropriate responses to the persistent hardships and ill health remaining months after a disastrous event hits an impoverished nation. This article relates the experience of27 volunteer health care workers who provided relief care to Nicaraguan victims of Hurricane Mitch three months after the event. Issues …

Health Assessment Of Bosnian Refugees In Black Hawk County, Iowa, Clementine Mukeshimana

International Journal of Global Health

This study examined the public health status of the Bosnian refugees in Black Hawk County Health, Iowa. A random sample of 557 Bosnian medical records was selected from People's Community Health Clinic. Virtually all Bosnians seek health care at People's Community Health Clinic in Waterloo. High rates of smoking behaviors and dental health problems were the most common health concerns among this group. The Bosnians refugees had rather low hypertension rates, low use of alcohol, healthy weight and a health diet, and low history of cardiovascular diseases.

Information For Authors

International Journal of Global Health

No abstract provided.

Private Choice Versus Public Health: Religion, Morality, And Childhood Vaccination Law, Ross D. Silverman, Thomas May

University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class

No abstract provided.

Probabilities Of Transition Among Health States For Older Adults, Paula Diehr, Donald L. Patrick

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Goal: To estimate the probabilities of transition among self-rated health states for older adults, and examine how they vary by age and sex. Methods: We used self-rated health (Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fair, Poor, Dead) collected in two longitudinal studies of older adults (Mean age 75) to estimate the probability of transition in two years. We used the estimates to project future health for selected cohorts.

Findings: These older adults were most likely to be in the same health state 2 years later, but a substantial proportion changed in both directions. Transition probabilities varied by initial health state, age and …

Comparison Of Nutrition And Dental Practices Of International Students At The University Of Northern Iowa Before And After Coming To The United States, Joseph Ogah

International Journal of Global Health

This study examined possible changes in nutrition and dental practices of international students after migration to the United States (US). A random sample of 81 international students at the University of Northern Iowa responded to a mail-in survey in the Fall Semester of 1999 (65% female, 85% over 21 years old, and 54% graduate students). Chi-square analyses showed that, while in the United States, the sample of international students consumed more high fat food (p = .002), more high sugar food (p < .001), more fast food (p < .001), less fruits and vegetables (p = .022), and fewer breakfasts (p= .23) than they did before coming. They also brushed their teeth more (p .031) and sought less dental care (p < .001). No significant changes were observed in the consumptions of cereals, protein products, milk, and high caffeine beverages. It was concluded that some nutrition and dental practices of international students studying in the US change for the worse. Implications for culturally appropriate diet education programming for international college students were discussed.