Public Health Commons^™

Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells And Ovarian Cancer: New Insights Into Mitotic Regulators And Polyploidy†, Joanne S Richards, Nicholes R Candelaria, Rainer B Lanz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Current first-line treatment of patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) involves the use of cytotoxic drugs that frequently lead to recurrent tumors exhibiting increased resistance to the drugs and poor patient survival. Strong evidence is accumulating to show that HGSOC tumors and cell lines contain a subset of cells called polyploidy giant cancer cells (PGCCs) that act as stem-like, self-renewing cells. These PGCCs appear to play a key role in tumor progression by generating drug-resistant progeny produced, in part, as a consequence of utilizing a modified form of mitosis known as endoreplication. Thus, developing drugs to target PGCCs and …

Associations Between Fasting Duration, Timing Of First And Last Meal, And Cardiometabolic Endpoints In The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, Michael David Wirth, Longgang Zhao, Gabrielle Turner-Mcgrievy, Andrew Ortaglia

Faculty Publications

Background: Research indicates potential cardiometabolic benefits of energy consumption earlier in the day. This study examined the association between fasting duration, timing of first and last meals, and cardiometabolic endpoints using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: Cross-sectional data from NHANES (2005–2016) were utilized. Diet was obtained from one to two 24-h dietary recalls to characterize nighttime fasting duration and timing of first and last meal. Blood samples were obtained for characterization of C-reactive protein (CRP); glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c %); insulin; glucose; and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol. Survey design procedures …

Psychological Impact Of Covid-19 And Lock Down Measures: An Online Cross-Sectional Multicounty Study On Asian University Students, Karuthan Chinna, Sheela Sundarasen, Heba Bakr Khoshaim, Kamilah Kamaludin, Mohammad Nurunnabi, Gul Mohammad Baloch, Syed Far Abid Hossain, Areej Sukayt, Nevi Dalina, Zahid Memon

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

The COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown measures have taken a toll on every level of the society, worldwide. This study examines their psychological impact on university students in Asia. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between April and May 2020 in Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, India and Indonesia. The Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and questions on adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies were used in this study. A total of 3,679 students from the seven countries participated in this study. Overall, 21.9% and 13.7% of the students in this study experienced mild to moderate and severe to extreme …

Perceptions And Experiences Of Healthcare Providers During Covid-19 Pandemic In Karachi, Pakistan: An Exploratory Qualitative Study, Anam Shahil Feroz, Nousheen Pradhan, Zarak Hussain Ahmed, Mashal Murad Shah, Nargis Asad, Sarah Saleem, Sameen Siddiqi

Community Health Sciences

Objective: To explore healthcare provider's perspectives and experiences of the barriers and facilitators to treat and manage COVID-19 cases.
Design and setting: We conducted an exploratory qualitative study using a purposive sampling approach, at a private tertiary care teaching hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Study data were analysed manually using the conventional content analysis technique.
Participants: Key-informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted with senior management and hospital leadership and in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with front-line healthcare providers.
Results: A total of 31 interviews (KIIs=19; IDIs=12) were conducted, between April and May 2020. Three overarching themes emerged. The first was 'challenges faced …

Supporting Health Literacy In Adolescent Populations: Distinguishing Pedagogies For Sun Safety Education In Schools, Donna Barwood

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to distinguish pedagogies supporting critical health literacy development in adolescent populations. Specifically, for sun safety education in schools.

Design/methodology/approach: The paper draws on an exploratory intrinsic case study design to qualitatively examine the learning conditions that Pre-Service Teachers' (PsTs) mobilise to advance Health Literary (HL) in learning activities.

Findings: This paper presents data that shows the different ways thirty Pre-Service Teachers (PsTs) in Western Australia conceptualise HL in sun safety education for Year 7 students (12–13 years old). Examination of three consecutive lesson plans categorised learning activities (n = 444) according to HL …

Indian Healthcare System: Reflections Of Swedish Nursing Students, Elisabeth Mangrio

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Internationalization within nursing programs is essential to provide nurses with cultural competence and for nursing students to gain an international perspective. It has also been shown to be effective to gain a cultural understanding. This paper aims to illuminate and explain the experiences that Swedish nursing students had while they engaged in clinical training during an exchange program in India and to provide a comparison between the health service in both countries. Nursing students from Sweden did a four-week clinical placement within the primary healthcare in India in 2020. During the clinical placement, which consisted of a variety of healthcare …

Barriers To Voting And Access To Health Insurance Among Us Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Roman Pabayo, Sze Yan Liu, Erin Grinshteyn, Daniel M. Cook, Peter Muennig

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: Many states in the United States (US) have introduced barriers to impede voting among individuals from socio-economically disadvantaged groups. This may reduce representation thereby decreasing access to lifesaving goods, such as health insurance. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from 242,727 adults in the 50 states and District of Columbia participating in the US 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). To quantify access to voting, the Cost of Voting Index (COVI), a global measure of barriers to voting within a state during a US election was used. Multilevel modeling was used to determine whether barriers to voting were associated …

Use Of Smartphone Technology To Promote Knowledge Of Home Safety, Bonnie L. Rogulj

Physical Therapy Collection

This brief article describes the use of smartphone panoramic 360-degree imaging technology to educate patients on home safety. By positioning "hot spots" on images of the home environment, a visual tool for patient education was created to illustrate safety hazards in the home.

Mental Preparation For The Post-Covid World, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

Embracing unpredictability will be key in navigating the new normal. Knowing what your employees are innately good at will help your organisation excel

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Tisagenlecleucel, Blinatumomab, And Clofarabine For Treatment Of B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Kamron Lotfi

Pharmaceutical Sciences (MS) Theses

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common type of adolescent and young adult leukemia in the United States (U.S.). Patients who are refractory or relapsed after receiving two or more lines of systemic therapy have the option of taking tisagenlecleucel. Due to the high cost of this treatment, a cost-effectiveness analysis was performed to assess the treatments for tisagenlecleucel, clofarabine combination, and blinatumomab. Objectives

The objective of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of tisagenlecleucel; clofarabine, etoposide, cyclophosphamide; and blinatumomab for the treatment of relapse- refractory ALL for adolescents and young adults from the U.S. health care payer perspective. …

Examining Correlates Of Feeding Practices Among Parents Of Preschoolers, Deepa Srivastava, Lucy R. Zheng, Dipti Dev

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Background: Parent feeding practices play a critical role in children’s eating behaviors. Limited research has explored child-level correlates of parent feeding practices.

Aim: To identify correlates of feeding practices (responsive and controlling) among parents of preschoolers in the United States.

Methods: Participants included parents (n = 273) of preschoolers (3–5 years), recruited from early care and education settings (n = 24) located in a metropolitan city in the US. Analysis included descriptives, correlations, and multiple regression.

Results: For responsive feeding practices, positive associations included child’s weight with unintentional modeling (β = .17, 95% CI [0.12, 0.53]), child vegetable …

People With Disabilities Still At Risk In Congregate Care Settings, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

This report provides an analysis of data to better understand where cases and deaths are rising in nursing homes as of August 8 2021. We hope this analysis can help support local community planning and networking among rural partners to improve outcomes.

• COVID-19 cases among residents and staff are on the rise in nursing homes with the steepest increases in urban areas and in the South and Midwest.
• Disabled people are disproportionately overrepresented in the resident populations of unsafe congregate settings, such as nursing homes.
• Vaccination rates across both residents and staff in nursing homes have stagnated.
• Policy priorities should …

Regional Covid-19 Dynamics: Surrogate Synchrony In Case Infection Rates, Samantha Robinson

Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

As many jurisdictions consider in-person learning strategies (including at Institutions of Higher Education, IHE), implementing travel restrictions or quarantines, and/or establishing interstate pacts to reduce COVID-19 spread, this study explores the degree to which COVID-19 case infection rates in a group of neighboring, Southern and Midwestern U.S. states (namely, Arkansas and its contiguous neighbors) are patterned in a non-random way known as synchrony. Utilizing surrogate synchrony (SUSY) to estimate the dyadic coupling between the COVID-19 case infection rate processes in this region from March to December 2020, results indicate that significant synchrony is present between Arkansas and three of its …

Biopsychosocial Factors During The Perinatal Period: Risks, Preventative Factors, And Implications For Healthcare Professionals, Ashley J. Blount, Charmayne R. Adams, Ann L. Anderson-Berry, Corrine Hanson, Kara M. Schneider, Gurudutt Pendyala

Office of Health Promotion Scholarship

Women face risks to their wellbeing during the perinatal period of pregnancy. However, there is a dearth of information on perinatal risk factors within the biopsychosocial paradigm. Emphasis is often placed on biological components associated with pregnancy and women’s health. However, psychological and social determinants of health are integral during the perinatal period, and mental wellness is often a determinant for positive maternal and neonatal health outcomes. This article reviews risk factors of perinatal wellness (e.g., physical and nutritional concerns, trauma, discrimination, adverse childhood events) and highlights protective factors for women in their perinatal period. Healthcare professionals can support perinatal …

Ua12/2/1 Fresh Start, Vol. 97, No. 1, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

College Heights Herald magazine regarding returning to WKU in person after COVID-19 lockdown.

• Stone, Damon. Fresh Faces, Familiar Traditions Come to Campus with Incoming Class – Class of 2025
• Jones, Jake. WKU Commons Sees Delays, Expected to be Completed In the Fall – University Libraries
• Murray, Debra. Living Learning Communities Bring a New Sense of Home to WKU
• Murray, Debra. What You Missed on the Hill This Summer – Garrett Conference Center, First Year Village, Munday Hall, COVID-19, Retirement
• Fisher, Brittany. Reclaiming the Hill – MASTER Plan
• Burris, Lily. Dear Readers
• Stryker, Shane. The Usual Take on My Unusual College …

A Comparative Analysis Of Covid-19 Vaccine Distribution Efforts In India And Mongolia Through Data Visualization, Paridh Latawa, Sadhana Kumar, Udeshna Srimal, Rachana Tanksali, Edward Ning '23, Ajay Macherla, Haily Nguyen, Kristina Lian, Joy Jiang, Daniel Stewart

External Student Research Opportunities

COVID-19 vaccine allocation efforts have posed challenges and offered opportunities to alleviate the ongoing pandemic. Nations have employed varying approaches for COVID-19 vaccine distribution; in particular, Mongolia and India have differed in approaches to vaccine allocation efforts. As of June 2021, Mongolia has vaccinated more than 60% of its population, whereas India has only vaccinated about 7.5%. This disparity highlights the need for the present study, which utilizes a mixed-method approach to examine the two countries' vaccine distribution strategies and COVID-19 containment policies from January to July 2021. The study has three major components: 1) policy analysis to highlight core …

Factors Affecting Maternal-Care During Labour At Maternity Centres Of Karachi, Pakistan: Exploratory Study, Nirmal Shahzaib, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Nousheen Pradhan, Farina Abrejo, Shahnaz Shahid Ali, Amir Ali Samnani

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Globally 529,000 women die every year due to harmful consequences of childbirth. This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators that influence the provision of quality care during labour at maternity centres in Karachi, Pakistan. The qualitative exploratory study design was used to study such factors from public and private maternity health facilities of Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 12 in-depth interviews were conducted through purposive sampling by using validated semi-structured interview guide. Data was analysed using content analysis manually. Among major barriers, unhygienic environment, lack of basic equipment, supplies and medicine, unprofessional attitude of staff, physical infrastructre and …

Digital Literacy At An Urban Cancer Center: Implications For Technology Use And Vulnerable Patients, Amy Leader, Lisa M. Capparella, L. Waldman, Ba, Rebecca Cammy, Alison Petok, Rebecca Dean, Ayako Shimada, Liana Yocavitch, Kristin L. Rising, Gregory Garber, Brooke Worster, Adam Dicker

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: eHealth literacy, or the ability to seek, find, understand, and appraise health information from electronic sources, has become increasingly relevant in the era of COVID-19, when so many aspects of patient care became dependent on technology. We aimed to understand eHealth literacy among a diverse sample of patients with cancer and discuss ways for health systems and cancer centers to ensure that all patients have access to high-quality care.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of patients with cancer and caregivers was conducted at an NCI-designated cancer center to assess access to the Internet, smartphone ownership, use of mobile apps, willingness …

Frequency Of Primiparous Mother Initiated Breastfeeding Earlier After Birth And Factors Associated With It In Sindh, Pakistan: A Secondary Analysis, Asma A. Bham, Sucheta Sharma, Akash Sardool, Umer F. Mujahid, Amrat Ayaz, Komal Valliani, Nawaal Maredia

Community Health Sciences

Background: Initiation of breastfeeding within one hour after delivery plays a vital role in a newborns life by not only increasing their survival rate but also reducing many life-threatening diseases in the newborn. The aim of the study was to determine frequency of early initiation of breastfeeding among primiparous mothers in a rural district of Thatta, Pakistan.
Methods: This study was conducted using survey data extracted from a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 on prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and factors associated with it among women in Thatta. The outcome was early initiation of breastfeeding. To determine factors associated with it, …

Kajian Hubungan Antara Iklim Keselamatan Psikososial (Psychosocial Safety Climate) Dengan Perundungan Di Tempat Kerja (Workplace Bullying) Di Pt Wid, Ika Wahyuningtias, Dadan Erwandi, Sjahrul Meizar Nasri, Abdul Kadir

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

This study aims to examine and analyze the correlation and influence of Psychosocial Safety Climate on the occurrence of workplace bullying at PT WID (a power generation company) involving six power plant work areas across Indonesia. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional study design involving 100 workers from the Operational & Maintenance business line who were aged above 17 years and had a minimum of six months of work experience. Participants were asked to complete the Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC-12) questionnaire to measure the level of psychosocial safety climate and the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) to determine the level of …

Hubungan Antara Iklim Keselamatan Dengan Perilaku Keselamatan Pada Pekerja Proyek Pln Pusmapro Pst Jateng I, Charisha Kumala, Doni Hikmat Hikmat Ramdhan

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

Background: A safety management system is essential for implementation in the construction industry to manage safety at project sites. The sustainability of the running system can be assessed by analyzing the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior without having to wait for an accident to occur. Objective: To analyze the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior among workers at PLN PUSMANPRO in the PST JATENG I electrical construction project. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 120 workers at the PLN PUSMANPRO PST JATENG I Project. Primary data were obtained using a Likert scale questionnaire that referred to questionnaires …

The Ability And Safety Of Community-Based Health Workers To Safely Initiate Lifesaving Therapies For Pre-Eclampsia In Ogun State, Nigeria: An Analysis Of 260 Community Treatments With Mgso4 And/Or Methyldopa, Akinmade A. Adepoju, Marianne Vidler, Adebayo A. Akadri, Ebun Jaiyesimi, Chimaobi C. Nwankpa, Oluwafayokemi O. Odubena, Sumedha Sharma, Larry Li, Domena Tu, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Objectives: To evaluate community-based health workers' ability to identify cases of hypertension in pregnancy, safely deliver methyldopa and magnesium sulphate and make referrals when appropriate.
Study design: This was part of Nigeria Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) cluster randomized controlled trial (NCT01911494). Community-based Health Workers (CHW) recruited pregnant women from five Local Government Areas (clusters) and used mobile health aid for clinical assessment of pre-eclampsia.
Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the number of adverse events that occurred after the administration of magnesium sulphate and/or methyldopa to pregnant women by CHWs.
Findings: Of 8790 women receiving mobile …

Application Of The Ultra-Poverty Graduation Model In Understanding Community Health Volunteers’ Preferences For Socio-Economic Empowerment Strategies To Enhance Retention: A Qualitative Study In Kilifi, Kenya, Njeri Nyanja, Nelson Nyamu, Lucy Nyaga, Sophie Chabeda, Adelaide Lusambili, Marleen Temmerman, Michaela Mantel, Anthony Ngugi

Family Medicine, East Africa

Background: A significant shortage of healthcare workforce exists globally. To achieve Universal Healthcare cover- age, governments need to enhance their community-based health programmes. Community health volunteers (CHVs) are essential personnel in achieving this objective. However, their ability to earn a livelihood is compromised by the voluntary nature of their work; hence, the high attrition rates from community-based health programmes. There is an urgent need to support CHVs become economically self-reliant. We report here on the application of the Ultra-Poverty Graduation (UPG) Model to map CHVs’ preferences for socio-economic empowerment strategies that could enhance their retention in a rural area …

Investir Dans Le Changement Social Et Comportemental Est Rentable Pour Améliorer Les Comportements Antipaludiques En Côte D’Ivoire, Breakthrough Research

Sexual and Reproductive Health, Rights, and Choices

Social and behavior change (SBC) interventions are considered an essential part of malaria prevention and treatment interventions, yet gaps in information on the cost and impact of SBC mean decisionmakers have underappreciated the value of SBC for contributing to improved health outcomes. To address this issue, Breakthrough RESEARCH has leveraged evidence from 112 studies on the impact of SBC interventions on malaria health behaviors and 70 studies on general SBC intervention costs to model the cost-effectiveness of SBC programming for malaria in the Business Case for Investing in Social and Behavior Change for Malaria.

Lambda-Cyhalothrin Used As An Insecticide In Agriculture: Study Of Biomarker Toxicokinetics To Monitor Worker Exposure, Michèle Bouchard, Jonathan Côté, Rania Khemiri

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les insecticides pyréthrinoïdes sont une famille de pesticides largement utilisés au Québec pour lutter contre les insectes nuisibles dans les cultures maraîchères. Parmi ces insecticides, on compte la lambda-cyhalothrine. Malgré l’utilisation abondante de ce pyréthrinoïde, il existe peu de données sur le comportement biologique de cette molécule chez l’humain. Il devient donc essentiel de développer des outils pour bien évaluer l’exposition des travailleurs à ces pesticides lors d’épandages ou de travaux dans des zones traitées. La surveillance biologique, par la mesure de produits excrétés dans l’urine (appelés métabolites), est considérée comme une approche privilégiée pour évaluer les doses réellement absorbées …

"Going It Alone": Following The Male Cohort Of Survivors Of Sex Trafficking Of The Chab Dai Butterfly Longitudinal Research Project, Jarrett D. Davis, James Havey, Glenn M. Miles, Nhanh Channtha, Sreang Phally, Lim Vanntheary

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

Over the past ten years, the Butterfly Longitudinal Research Project has followed 128 survivors of trafficking through their experiences in aftercare, reintegration, and beyond to better understand the recovery and reintegration of trafficking survivors within a Cambodian context. This paper focuses on the 19 males who were available to interview. Despite the project’s wealth of data and analysis, there are notable gaps regarding the male cohort. In response, this paper examines this cohort holistically, considering their statements and broader narratives, merging them with previous collective observations of the Butterfly Project. Throughout this paper, data indicates a pattern of violence among …

School Police Reform: A Public Health Imperative, Thalia González, Emma Kaeser

SMU Law Review Forum

Out of the twin pandemics currently gripping the United States­—deaths of unarmed Black victims at the hands of police and racialized health inequities resulting from COVID-19—an antiracist health equity agenda has emerged that identifies racism as a public health crisis. Likewise, calls for reform of school policing by those advocating for civil rights, racial justice, and Black Lives Matter have simultaneously intensified. Yet each remains siloed, despite the natural connection and implicit overlap between these separate movements and debates. Indeed, there are documented negative health effects of school policing for Black, Indigenous, people of color (BIPOC) youth. But these have …

Association Between Health Literacy Levels And Behavioral Health Hospitalizations And Emergency Department Utilization In The United States, Rebecca Lynn Hoen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Behavioral health disorders are common in the United States (US) and are associated with potentially preventable high-cost health care utilization, such as inpatient hospitalization and emergency department utilization. Health literacy (HL) may be an important modifiable contributing factor to this preventable utilization, as limited health literacy is common in the US and has been linked to increased risk of hospitalization and emergency department utilization. However, few published studies have examined the association between health literacy and behavioral health disorders, and no studies have examined either the association between health literacy and utilization or the potential effects HL interventions might have …

“I Don’T Want The Next Generation Of Children To Be In Pain Like Me”: The Chab Dai Ten-Year Butterfly Longitudinal Research Project On Sex Trafficking Survivors In Cambodia, Glenn M. Miles, James Havey, Siobhan Miles, Eliza Piano, Lim Vanntheary, Nhanh Channtha, Sreang Phaly, Ou Sopheara

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

The Butterfly Longitudinal Research Project started in 2010 and is the only research project of its kind listening to sex trafficking victims over ten years. The project was started in Cambodia by Chab Dai (translated “Hands Together”), a coalition of Non-Government Organisations since 2006 who have focused on human trafficking. The project was founded with the express purpose of listening to the survivors’ voices and recording their experiences in order to better understand their physical, emotional and spiritual needs during their initial recovery in shelters and reintegration back into their communities. The team of researchers and the participants, all of …

“Practice Basic Hygiene, And You’Ll Stay Healthy”: How Primary School Reading Textbooks Transmitted Cultural Education In The Soviet Union, Victoria Storozenko

University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing

Russia’s Cultural Revolution, beginning after the October Revolution in 1917, produced a broadly defined understanding of culture and cultural education at Russian schools that encompassed even basic hygiene and health. Drawing from postdoctoral research, this paper discusses the Cultural Revolution’s impact and its ideas on cultural education as presented in textbooks for 10-year general education schools in the Soviet Union. Discourse analysis revealed that the schoolbooks acted as an interface between a functional education system and changes in its surrounding environment, especially changes due to the Cultural Revolution. Amid today’s COVID-19 pandemic, the study’s findings raise several questions about what …