Public Health Commons^™

"Disparities In Suicide Mortality Among Healthcare Support Workers In The United States, 2003-2019", Sol Ngam

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Objectives: To identify differences in demographic and contextual characteristics of suicide mortality among healthcare support workers (HCSWs) and to estimate annual suicide rates among HCSW in the United States from 2003-2019 using the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) and the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

Methods: Demographic variables of healthcare support worker suicide decedents were collected using the NVDRS. Odds ratios for circumstantial risk factors by sex were calculated. Crude rates for healthcare support worker suicide decedents were calculated and compared to the U.S. general population suicide crude rates.

Results: Male HCSW were more likely to have …

Gender Differences In Barriers To Entering Substance Use Treatment, Casey A. Baker

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Background

Nationally representative data have indicated that less than one in ten individuals with a substance use disorder (SUD) have received recent treatment, suggesting a need for research to examine potential barriers to SUD services. Although research has been conducted to identify some barriers to treatment, there is little research focused on gender differences. To address this gap in research, the present study aimed to examine gender differences in barriers to entering SUD treatment, as well as differences in factors that may impact decisions to enter treatment.

Methods

Participants (N = 62) were recruited from the community as part of …

Public Health Law’S Digital Frontier: Addictive Design, Section 230, And The Freedom Of Speech, Matthew B. Lawrence

Faculty Articles

This Article argues that, even if courts are unpersuaded by the broadest arguments in favor of a public health approach to regulation of addictive design, they should nonetheless reject the platforms’ efforts to make addictive design a public-health-law-free zone. The public health and internet paradigms can be reconciled as a policy matter because addictive design threatens both public health and innovation online. The public health and internet paradigms can also be reconciled as a legal matter be-cause even strong theories of section 230 and the First Amendment, properly understood, leave states a safe harbor in which to regulate much addictive …

Climate Change And The Law Of National Security Adaptation, Mark P. Nevitt

Faculty Articles

The Department of Defense (DoD) is the largest employer in the world, owns and operates an enormous global real estate portfolio, and emits more Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) than many nations. Entrusted with the national security, the DoD is now threatened by a new enemy—climate change. Climate change imperils national security infrastructure while undermining the military’s capacity to respond to climate-driven disasters at home and abroad. However, legal scholarship has yet to address what I call “the law of national security adaptation” and related questions. For example, how do environmental and climate change laws apply to the U.S. military? What laws …

Thinly Rooted: Dobbs, Tradition, And Reproductive Justice, Darren L. Hutchinson

Faculty Articles

In Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, the Supreme Court overruled Roe v. Wade and Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey. These two cases held that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment encompassed a right of women to terminate a pregnancy. Roe reflected over 60 years of substantive due process precedent finding and reaffirming a constitutional right of privacy with several animating themes, including bodily integrity, equality, and dignity. The Court’s substantive due process doctrine had established that the analysis in such cases would involve multiple points of inquiry, such as tradition, contemporary practices, and …

Effects Of Crypto Bear Market On Mental Health Of Pakistani Crypto Traders, Muhammad Umar Iftikhar

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Introduction: The proliferation of Cryptocurrency trading has introduced significant volatility and stress into the lives of investors. With the high-pressure environment of trading, especially during bear markets, traders are frequently subjected to intense emotional strain. The psychological impact of trading, including anxiety, depression, and stress, has emerged as a growing concern, particularly in rapidly adopting markets such as Pakistan. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and implications of depression, anxiety, and stress among Pakistani crypto traders in the context of a crypto bear market. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted to collect quantitative data …

Factors Affecting The Decision Making To Use Thai Traditional Medical Postpartum Care Services Among Pregnant And Postpartum Women In Bangkok, Thailand, Lunlalin Sirichai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

After giving birth, there will be changes in the body during the postpartum period to return to the normal state as before pregnancy. Postpartum women often have common problems, such as lower back pain, breast engorgement, plugged milk ducts, mastitis, and not having enough breast milk. In Thai traditional medicine, there has been postpartum care for a long time. Thai traditional medicine postpartum care services, also referred to as Yu-Fai, can assist in easing postpartum discomfort. But at present, the number of people receiving postpartum care services with Thai traditional medicine is still low. Therefore, this study aimed to determine …

Association Between Oral Health Behavior,Oral Hygiene Status, And Oral Health Status Among Primary School Children In Bangkok, Thailand : A Latent Class Analysis, Pemmika Intato

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Oral health affects both the overall health and quality of life of children. Dental caries and gingivitis are one of the most common global oral health problems among school children, including those in Thailand. Both problems are diet- and behavioral-related diseases, with various risk factors contribute to dental caries and gingivitis. This study aims to classify the clusters of oral health status among primary school children in Bangkok, Thailand, and identify association between the identified classes, oral health behavior, and oral hygiene status. The study utilized secondary data from dental chart records in the School Oral Health Promotion Program, Department …

The Effectiveness Of Using Facebook And Instant Communications Application (Line) To Reduce Alcohol Consumption Of Alcohol Promoters And Entertainers (Pretty Or Pr) In Bangkok, Thailand, Paladd Sakulthanit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The deleterious health consequences associated with alcohol consumption, ranging from addiction and liver disease to accidents and mental health disorders, have been extensively documented. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of an educational program utilizing Facebook and Line platforms in mitigating alcohol consumption intentions among such workers in Bangkok. Utilizing a randomized controlled trial methodology, the study focused in Bangkok. A total of forty-four participants were allocated into either the intervention (n=22) or control (n=22) groups. The intervention group received health education sessions and live video broadcasts on Facebook, while the control group received standard care messages. Outcome measures …

Association Between Related Factors And Communication Channels Among Women With Abortion Service At Private Clinics In Thailand, Xiao Wang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In February 2021, abortion was officially permitted in Thailand. In the delivery of abortion services, communication channel is a key factor in assisting clients to access services. Research on clients' choices of communication channels is important for increasing clients' access to legal abortion services. This secondary data cross-sectional study aims to identify the association between factors related to communication channels among the clients who receive abortion services at The Planned Parenthood Association of Thailand (PPAT)’s clinic. The study samples covered 3,734 clients who get abortion service at PPAT’s clinic from February 2021 to December 2022. The researcher employed socio-demographic characteristic, …

Blended Program And Its Impact On Knowledge, Attitude And Help-Seeking Intention Of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence Among Internally Displaced People In Northern Myanmar Camps: A Quasi-Experimental Study, Chit Pyae Pyae Han

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Introduction As a result of several military coups and internal armed conflicts, Myanmar has the longest history of civilian wars in the world. Human rights violations, gender-based violence, and sexual violence have become more widespread as a result of extensive conflicts and humanitarian crises. The United Nations is concerned about the detrimental consequences of sexual violence in military situations. A community-based program designed to prevent sexual violence is crucial in mitigating risk factors and enhancing protective factors Methods The two-group quasi-experimental study evaluated the impact of a community-based program to prevent sexual violence and examined the experiences of survivors among …

Knowledge Attitude And Practice Of Who Mental Health Guidelines For Non-Specialist Primary Healthcare Providers In Wuhua District, Kunming, People's Republic Of China: A Cross-Sectional Study, Liesha Luohe

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: The 'Healthy China 2030' policy emphasizes the importance of mental healthcare at the primary healthcare level. Globally, primary healthcare(PHC) service delivery is considered the most effective approach for managing mental health (MH) disorders. The WHO’s mental health gap intervention guide version 2 (mhGAP-IG.v2), is a decision support tool for non-specialists for the assessment, management, and follow-up of mental, neurological, and substance use disorders. However, no studies have assessed primary healthcare providers’ (HCPs) knowledge, attitudes, and practices on MH services in the western part of China. Objectives: To determine the PHC providers’ characteristics and MH service provision level in Wuhua …

Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination Among Reproductive Age Women In Mandalay City, Myanmar: A Cross-Sectional Study, Kyi Thu

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer among women all over the world. HPV infection, the most sexually transmitted viral infection, is responsible for about 95% of cases of cervical cancer. The study aims to investigate the association between socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge level, and attitude level toward the practice of HPV vaccination among reproductive age women in Mandalay City, Myanmar. The cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2024 among reproductive age women in Mandalay City in Myanmar. The study used an online, standard questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, simple logistic regression, and multiple logistics regression models were used for …

Association Between Greenness And Environmental Parameters Exposure And Depression Among Residents In Bangkok, Thailand: An Ecological Longitudinal Study, Wilaipak Nilsalai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Depression and mental health issues are on the rise, and it is hypothesized that environmental factors may play a role in the development of these diseases. Greenness is one of the potential factors, and this study aims to investigate the relationship between living in greener areas and depression incidence in Bangkok. This is an ecological longitudinal study using secondary data documented between 2018 and 2020, utilizing data on depression (ICD-10 F32, F33), environmental parameters (PM2.5 (µg/m3), temperature (ºC), relative humidity (RH; %), and demographic variables (population density, number of communities, number of hospitals, number of healthcare centers, and divorce rate) …

Perception Of Academic Stress And Family Relationship On Mental Well-Being Among Pharmacy Students At Chulalongkorn University In Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study, Chompunoot Prasongpol

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

University students' mental health and well-being have gained more global attention due to their increasing influence on health and societal issues. The cross-sectional study, conducted in May 2024 among undergraduate Chulalongkorn University pharmacy students in Thailand, aims to investigate the proportion of mental well-being levels and determine the relationship between general characteristics, perceptions of academic stress, and family relationships toward mental well-being levels among pharmacy students at Chulalongkorn University. The study used an online, self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, simple logistic regression, and multiple logistic regression models were employed for data analysis. Out of 289 pharmacy students, 199 were predominantly female …

Associated Factors With Suicide Mortality In Thailand:A Mediating Roles Of Urban And Rural Areas, Kajohnsak Tangkwampien

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Suicide is a global public health problem that affects individuals, families, and communities. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 700,000 people die by suicide worldwide each year. Despite the significance of this issue, important factors like rural and urban settings, which have different definitions in each country and result in specific contextual effects on suicide, are overlooked. Objectives: To understand the role of living in urban and rural as mediator on the associated factors (socio-demographic factors, mental and physical problems, effect from COVID-19, economic factors, relationship problems, history of self-harm, and warning signs, method of suicide) …

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Of Cannabis Sativa And Biological Activities Assessments For Dermatological Application, Pannita Kongtananeti

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Cannabis sativa L. is a medicinal plant that has long been used in Thai traditional medicine and is still widely used today, with many uses in pharmaceuticals, including the treatment of skin infections. It contains a complex mixture of secondary metabolites, including cannabinoids and non-cannabinoid-type constituents, especially detla-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and terpenes. However, fewer studies of cannabis have been reported regarding its anti-aging potential by investigating tyrosinase inhibition activity. In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of 5 different parts of Cannabis sativa L., the determination of bioactive compounds using GC–MS/MS and the assessment of their biological properties related to …

Effects Of A Therapeutic Lifestyle Modification Intervention On Cardio-Metabolic Health, Sexual Functioning, And Health-Related Quality Of Life In Perimenopausal Chinese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Yuru Wang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objectives: Our study aimed to explore the effects of a therapeutic lifestyle modification (TLM) intervention on cardiometabolic health, sexual functioning, and health-related quality of life in perimenopausal Chinese women. Methods: This was a 12-week, two-parallel arm, randomized controlled trial conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming City, China. Ninety-four eligible perimenopausal women aged between 40 and 55 years were randomly assigned to either a TLM intervention or usual care at a 1:1 ratio. Menopause-specific quality of life (MENQOL), female sexual function index (FSFI), pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS), and composite cardiometabolic biomarkers were evaluated …

The Lifecourse Perspective Theory As A Strategy For Improving Maternal Mortality In Georgia, Joanne Chopak-Foss, Alisha Riggins

Georgia Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Conference

Background: Maternal mortality and morbidity outcomes in Georgia are among the highest in the United States, with women of color experiencing higher rates of morbidity and mortality compared to their White counterparts. Public health policies such as Medicaid expansion have been suggested as one method for improving maternal mortality. In addition, the Life Course Perspective or Theory approach to maternal and child health suggests a complex interplay of biological, behavioral, psychological and social protective factors contributes to health outcomes across the span of a person’s life.

Methods: Using the Lifecourse Theory Perspective/Theory along with current maternal health policies the presenters …

Identifying Dekalb County’S Disparities In 2022 Mpox Cases Versus Vaccination Rates To Achieve Vaccine Equity, Lucas O'Reilly, Rosa Fowler

Georgia Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Conference

Background:

Black/African-American communities are disproportionately affected by detrimental social determinants of health, which increases adverse health outcomes among these groups. In DeKalb County, the mpox outbreak predominantly affected Black/African-American residents, particularly those in the LGBTQ+ community.

Methods:

DeKalb County case data for 6/12/22 to 12/7/22 were obtained from the State Electronic Notifiable Disease Surveillance System. JYNNEOS vaccination data for 7/11/22 to 12/2/22 were obtained from the Board of Health’s electronic medical records. RStudio was used to analyze data by gender identity, HIV status, and race.

Results:

Overall, 414 mpox cases were reported, of which 97.1% identified as male, 47.8% were …

Modeling The Spread Of Covid-19 In Spatio-Temporal Context, S.H. Sathish Indika, Norou Diawara, Hueiwang Anna Jeng, Bridget D. Giles, Dilini S.K. Gamage

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

This study aims to use data provided by the Virginia Department of Public Health to illustrate the changes in trends of the total cases in COVID-19 since they were first recorded in the state. Each of the 93 counties in the state has its COVID-19 dashboard to help inform decision makers and the public of spatial and temporal counts of total cases. Our analysis shows the differences in the relative spread between the counties and compares the evolution in time using Bayesian conditional autoregressive framework. The models are built under the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and Moran spatial correlations. …

“A Change Of Name During Sickness”: Surveying The Widespread Practice Of Renaming In Response To Physical Illness, Russell Fielding

Honors College Faculty Publications

This paper synthesizes and summarizes a selection of literature—largely anthropological and ethnographic, published between the early 18^th and early21^st centuries—that describes the practice of renaming gapers onwho is physically ill in order to affect their recovery. In none of these publications is this particular practice central; rather, it is often mentioned alongside myriad other cultural and naming practices. While no claim is made as to the exhaustive nature of the literature review, this analysis reveals patterns and similarities related to the reasoning behind such a practice and the special relationship between personal names and physical health in a …

Empowering Choices: Patient Education For Contraceptive Confidence, Maria Anns Abraham

Nursing | Student Research Posters

The complexity of birth control options significantly impacts women's lives, with hormonal contraceptives being commonly used but often misunderstood. These contraceptives, which contain estrogen and progestin or progestin only, come in various forms such as pills, implants, IUDs, injections, the vaginal ring, and skin patches, offering benefits such as reduced menstrual cramps and ectopic pregnancy risk. However, they can also lead to adverse effects including increased blood pressure, nausea, headaches, breakthrough bleeding, and heightened risk of blood clots, with research indicating a potential link between their use and a decline in mental health. Given the prevalence of depression, particularly in …

Cervical Cancer Prevention In The Philippines, Kate Isabel Juanillo

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Although cervical cancer is preventable, it continues to pose a significant health concern in the Philippines as evidenced by high cervical cancer diagnosis rates. The purpose of this quantitative study is to investigate low cervical cancer screening rates and the effectiveness of educational interventions in increasing awareness and screening rates. A literature review will examine topics such as low cervical cancer screening rates, cervical cancer screening methods, and barriers. This research proposal involves a quasi-experimental study that investigates education as an intervention for increasing cervical cancer awareness and cervical cancer screening rates. Fifty Filipino women will be randomly assigned to …

Effects Of Menopause In Coronary Artery Disease, Angelica Gonzales

Nursing | Student Research Posters

No abstract provided.

Empowering Low-Income Women With Breast Cancer: Promoting Acupuncture At Community Health Fairs, Katrina Ramos

Nursing | Student Research Posters

No abstract provided.

A Systematic Review To Study The Global Patterns And Policies Of Hiv Harm Reduction Programs And Their Impact Among People Who Inject Drugs, Noura Shaltout, Rania Soliman, Lamia Refaey, Rim Ghazal, Mirna Atteya, Nahla Elmedany

Papers, Posters, and Presentations

Aim: This study aims to provide an updated estimate of HIV prevalence among people who inject drugs (PWID) globally, as well as investigate different policies and methods for applying harm reduction. This article focuses on the two major and the most frequently used harm reduction techniques, Syringe-Service Programs (SSPs) and Opioid Agonist Therapy (OAT). Methods: A comprehensive systematic review was undertaken across multiple international databases during the period of (August-December 2021). For studies conducted before 2005, we used data from a previous published systematic review. Thirty-six studies were included, including studies that had performed HIV testing and had a confirmed …

Health Behavior And Outlooks In An Altered Microbial Diversity: Changes In Parental Attitudes On ‘Building Immunity’ Throughout The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jennifer Vidal

Pitzer Senior Theses

The Covid-19 Pandemic in a short amount of time put into action disease control measures. Current literature has sought to address the long-term effects of sanitization efforts and social isolation on the diversity of the microbiome and the future of infectious diseases. Microbes – microorganisms such as bacteria, protozoa, algae, fungi, and viruses – inhabit the natural environment and human microbiome with our immune system, playing an essential role in immune regulation. The interplay between humans and microbes forms early immune development that has impacted parents’ attitudes toward microbes shown through their participation in Covid-19 preventative health practices. Using the …

Relationship Between Patient Race And Provider Communication, Kristin M. Marino

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Health disparities by race in the United States have been persistent over decades and one possible reason for that could be that physicians are communicating differently with different races. The purpose of this study was to systematically review literature regarding the relationship of patient race/ethnicity with physician-patient communication. The overall project of which this is a part is a mixed methods review, but my part of the study involved only studies using observational data such as audio and video recordings of physician-patient encounters. This study investigated research that compares physician communication with patients across a wide range of ethnic groups, …

Using Wastewater-Based Epidemiology To Study Chlamydia Occurrence On A College Campus, Jessie E. Chin Quee

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, commonly affecting sexually active college-aged adults. Presently, opportunistic testing, self-testing, and information campaigns are methods to screen vulnerable populations and raise awareness about chlamydia. Chlamydia remains underdiagnosed and undertested due to a lack of participation by individuals who may have been exposed to it. Wastewater-based epidemiology is a rising biomonitoring tool that detects the presence of disease- and drug-specific biomarkers in a community's wastewater. In this study, wastewater-based epidemiology was used to detect the presence of C. trachomatis on the University of Central Florida campus. Wastewater samples were collected …