Investigative Techniques Commons^™

Comparative Study Of High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography And Antioxidant Potential Of Hydrocotyle Asiatica Mother Tincture Used In Homoeopathy, Rakhi Mishra, Binit Kumar Dwivedi, Deepshikha Gupta

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Hydrocotyle asiatica has a therapeutic significance in the Indian system of medicine due to its rich antioxidant activity. In Homoeopathy, Hydrocotyle asiatica is used for the treatment of jaundice, skin diseases, dropsy, elephantiasis, leprosy, gonorrhea, leucorrhea, and nervous debility. It contains the abundant triterpene glycoside Asiatic acid which shows cytotoxic activity on cancer cells. Its homoeopathic mother tincture is a major source of antioxidant compounds, which is responsible for its overall pharmacological activity.

Objectives: This study was done to evaluate antioxidant activity and High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography study of Hydrocotyle asiatica in-house homoeopathic mother tincture and market samples. …

Mesures À Haute Sensibilité Du Passage De Contaminants Nanométriques À Travers Les Gants De Protection Par Imagerie Médicale, Mahmoud Mohamed Omar, Amélie Augé, Myriam Laprise-Pelletier, Ludovic Tuduri, Marc-André Fortin

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les gants de polymère sont utilisés comme équipements de protection individuels dans de nombreux secteurs d’activité professionnelle où les risques chimiques sont présents. Leur efficacité à bloquer le passage de certains contaminants doit être mesurée par des méthodes d’essais précises et standardisées. Les mesures de résistance chimique sont généralement effectuées en utilisant une cellule de perméation, un petit appareil contenant deux réservoirs séparés par la membrane dont on veut mesurer le potentiel-barrière : l’un contient le contaminant, l’autre contient un milieu collectant le contaminant après que celui-ci ait passé à travers la membrane. Au fur et à mesure de l’expérience, …

Review: Management Of Midshaft Clavicle Fractures In Adolescents , Matthew B. Holloway

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Clavicle fractures are common injuries that occur across all age ranges, but are largely seen in young, active males. The majority of these fractures (70-80%) occur in the midshaft of the clavicle. The purpose of this review was to compare non-operative treatment to operative treatment of midclavicular fractures and determine whether treatment for adolescent clavicle fractures more closely aligns with pediatric or adult management. Adolescent clavicle fractures are increasingly treated with open reduction and internal fixation, especially in the 15 to 19 age group. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of high-level studies comparing outcomes of operative and conservative treatment specifically …

Helical Remodeling Augments 5-Lipoxygenase Activity In The Synthesis Of Proinflammatory Mediators, Eden M. Gallegos, Tanner D. Reed, Forge A. Mathes, Nelson V. Guevara, David B. Neau, Wei Huang, Marcia E. Newcomer, Nathaniel C. Gilbert

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The synthesis of proinflammatory leukotrienes implicated in asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atherosclerosis is initiated by the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX). The crystal structure of human Stable-5-LOX revealed a conformation where the catalytic iron was inaccessible to bulk solvent as two aromatic residues on a conserved helix-α2 (Hα2) plugged the substrate access portal. Whether 5-LOX can also adopt a more open conformation has not been resolved. Here, we present a new conformation of 5-LOX where Hα2 adopts an elongated conformation equivalent to that described in other animal lipoxygenase structures. Our observation of the sigmoidal kinetic behavior of 5-LOX, which is indicative of …

Healthy Exosomes And Their Effects On Diabetic Cardiomyocytes, Miguel A. Garza, Genaro A. Ramírez-Correa, Maria Lourdes Garza-Rodríguez, Andres J. Medina

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

Extracellular Vesicles, and more specifically, exosomes, are essential for effective cell-to-cell communication in a wide variety of tissues. In the last couple of decades, these nanovesicles have been proven to be active participants and regulators in many disease processes; therefore, their therapeutic effects have been widely studied and proven in various cardiovascular diseases both, in vitro and in vivo. Thus, this study aims at assessing the effects of running healthy mice exosomes on cardiomyocyte and cardiac tissue samples obtained from diabetic mice. Here, we successfully extract exosomes from mice plasma and detect their presence through the use of anti-CD9 and …

Efficacy Of Various Interventions For Achieving Target Hba1c Levels For Patients With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus And On Exogenous Insulin, Caitlin S. Welch, Archie Troxel

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Objective: To learn the rates at which patients at UT Family Medicine–St. Francis (UTFM–SF) with type II diabetes mellitus are being prescribed recommended medications—namely metformin, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs)—whether these rates correspond to the severity of hyperglycemia (as indicated by HbA1C level). A secondary goal of the study was to investigate if HbA1C levels are being checked at recommended intervals.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted using records of patients seen at the clinic in the previous four years between the ages of 18 and 65 who had visits with ICD …

Total Joint Implant Alloy Oxide Layer Cell-Induced Damage, Chandler K. Sears

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Cobalt-Chromium alloy is commonly used in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Several studies have investigated evidence of inflammatory-cell-induced-corrosion (ICIC) causing pitting in TJA retrieved implants. Others have determined that placing orthopedic alloys into lower pH solutions will increase the rate of corrosion. We have determined that electrochemical potential and corrosion rates of human knee synovial fluid show a variation greater than an order of magnitude. This means there is going to be a significant variation between a patient’s local environment of the TJA implant and may affect how macrophages interact with alloy oxide layers. Knee disability can be quantified by using …

Investigating The Correlation Between Lpr & Obesity, Andrew S. Franklin Bs, Chad A. Nieri Bs, M. Boyd Gillespie Md

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Objectives: To determine whether Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) findings of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) correlate with obesity, gender, Epworth Sleepiness scale, and OSA severity.

Study design: Single center retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Patients greater than 18 years of age who underwent DISE by one surgeon at a tertiary care center from July 2016 to July 2022 were included. DISE findings, patient characteristics, demographics, polysomnogram(s), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale(s) were extracted. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical variables, and independent sample t-test was used to compare continuous variables. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28.

Results: …

Effects Of Dietary Ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 Pufa) In Light Sensitivity Of Retinas Of Mice Models To Prevent Retinal Damage, Aaron Eugene Rice

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Light-induced retinal degeneration (LIRD) causes photoreceptor cell death in albino mice after exposure to high intensity light for a set period of time (6-24 hours). This causes retinal photoreceptor cell death through apoptosis. From several previous studies, Dr. Mandal’s lab concluded that de novo biosynthesis of ceramide mediates photoreceptor cell death in a LIRD model. Previous studies in Dr. Mandal’s lab has shown that mouse models with higher endogenous ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFA) generates less ceramide upon neuronal injury and prevent neurodegeneration (Mol Neurobio 2021). There are currently not many available effective therapies for retinal degeneration in humans …

Provider Attitude Towards Postpartum Sexual Health, Katie Shearer, Pallavi Khanna

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Background: The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) worldwide is estimated to be 41%. FSD is even more prevalent in postpartum patients. There are significant barriers to addressing FSD in a busy clinic, and the use of a standardized screening questionnaire could be used to improve outcomes during postpartum appointments.

Methodology: Providers that care for postpartum patients at Regional One Health in Memphis, TN, were asked to complete an anonymous survey online. General knowledge and practices of providers were assessed.

Results: 79% of respondents answered that they felt very comfortable assessing for postpartum sexual health, and 88% …

Comparison Of Routine Health Screening Rates Between Two Emr Systems, Lauren M. Cancio, Caleb J. Berta

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

An EMR, electronic medical record, system refers to the software widely adopted by medical practitioners to reduce the use of hard-copy files, and improve the documentation, storage, and retrieval of patient information. Some EMR systems can generate automatic alerts reminding providers when patients are due for certain preventive services or meet the criteria for various screening measures. Epic, one of the leading EMR systems in use today, contains this additional feature. The screening recommendations built into Epic are derived from a committee of USPSTF, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, medical experts whose focus is to improve patient health across the …

Monte Carlo Simulation Of Thallium-Bromide Semiconductor Detector For Range Verification Of A Carbon Ion Radiotherapy Beam Through Prompt Gamma-Ray Detection, Peter Dimpfl

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Thallium-Bromide is a semiconductor material which is well suited for photon detection. Composed of high atomic number elements and a high mass density of 7.56 g/cm3, TlBr has superb photon stopping power. External beam radiation therapy is an ever-changing environment with technology rapidly improving. With proton therapy facilities becoming more widely available, and carbon ion facilities showcasing the benefits of carbon ion radiation therapy, there is an industry need toprovide accurate dosimetric treatment plans to verify patients are receiving proper care. Current clinical practices apply safety margins to clinical target volumes to safe treatment. Through research to improve detection techniques, …

Nursing Perspectives And Opinions On Early Or Delayed Sepsis Treatment: A Mixed Methods Approach, Pamela L. Harris

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Purpose. Each year at least 1.7 million adults in America develop sepsis. Sepsis can lead to life threatening organ dysfunction, severe hypotension, and death when severe sepsis or septic shock is involved. Sepsis is responsible for 50% of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is the most common form of organ dysfunction seen in critical care. Sepsis associated AKI results in loss of, or decreased renal function, is associated with adverse long-term outcomes, and carries a higher mortality rate than non-septic AKI, sepsis without AKI, or septic shock without AKI. Surviving sepsis guidelines suggests a 1-hour window from the time of …

Inflammatory Response Following Hemorrhagic Stroke: The Role Of Cytokines, Patrick Devlin

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Hemorrhagic stroke is a dangerous form of stroke resulting from the rupturing of weakened blood vessels, releasing blood that increases intracranial pressure and causes the death of surrounding tissue. Treatment options are improving but remain limited, as evidenced by this condition being characterized by high rates of mortality as well as long-term morbidity. Unregulated inflammatory responses that occur following injury may be partially to blame for these poor outcomes. In response to any injury, the immune system releases cytokines to recruit immune cell activation and promote inflammation. But after hemorrhagic stroke, whether aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), …

Associations Between Postpartum Depression And Child Overweight And Obesity: Mediating Effect Of Maternal Feeding Behaviors And Beliefs, Michelle Harrison

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Purpose. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a mental condition that significantly affects 10% to 25% of women within the first year after the birth of their child. The mother-infant relationship is key to child growth. Previous studies have shown that PPD has a detrimental effect on children’s physical and psychological well-being as it affects the child through the mother’s parenting behavior. Depressed mothers show a lack of engagement with their children, which could extend to feeding practices influencing weight gain. The prevalence and severity of childhood overweight and obesity is a global public health problem. An increase in weight gain in …

How Valuable Are Clinical Neuropsychological Assessments? A Meta-Analysis Of Neuropsychological Tests With Comparison To Common Medical Tests And Treatments, Murphy N. Harrell

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

There has been a general decrease in neuropsychological assessments at a time when medical diagnostic technology and treatments have expanded, leading to a faulty assumption that medical tests and healthcare treatments provide more reliable or valid data than psychological assessments. A landmark report from the American Psychological Association’s (APA) Psychological Assessment Work Group (PAWG) found that validity coefficients for many psychological tests were indistinguishable from those of medical tests (Meyer et al., 2001). An updated systematic review of the advancement in neuropsychological testing is essential to the continued advancement of the value of neuropsychological assessment in healthcare. This meta-analysis sought …

Neuropsychology Of Primary Headache Disorders: A Meta-Analysis, Jasmin H. Pizer

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

Objective: A meta-analysis was conducted comparing cognition on clinical measures between individuals with a primary headache disorder (PHD) and healthy controls (HC). Data Selection: The University of South Alabama Libraries’ OneSearch and PubMed, with a uniform search-strategy, were used to locate original research comparing cognition between PHD and HC samples. Analyses were modeled under random effects. Hedge’s g was used as a bias-corrected estimate of effect size. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q and I2. Data Synthesis: The initial search interval spanned inception–May 2021 and yielded 6692 results. Fifty-seven studies were analyzed. Meta-analysis showed a significant combined effect size …

Is Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Effective At Controlling Hypertension In African American Patients? A Clin-Iq, Rebecca Nye, Wilhelm Lehmann, Deborah Simpson

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

African Americans are disproportionately affected by hypertension, a modifiable contributor to multiple chronic diseases and premature death. Primary care physicians play an important role in hypertension control. Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is an evidence-based method for confirming diagnosis and monitoring hypertension over time. Some studies have found that HBPM may lead to clinically relevant reductions in blood pressure when combined with additional interventions, but few studies have focused specifically on African American populations. Evidence of effectiveness could increase clinical recommendation of HBPM. This clinical inquiry examined whether HBPM improves blood pressure control in African Americans with uncontrolled hypertension. Reviewed …

Utility Of Av Nodal Characteristics In Identification Of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia And Risk Of Recurrence, Kimberly M. Decarr

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Background: Catheter ablation of the slow atrioventricular (AV) nodal pathway is a safe and effective treatment for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). While AVNRT occurs frequently in both children and adults, pediatric patients experience higher rates of AVNRT recurrence.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize changes in AV nodal conduction properties following catheter ablation and correlate these properties with AVNRT recurrence in pediatric patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients aged(AVRT) at a single tertiary care center between January 01, 2010 and September 01, 2021. Demographics, pre- and post-ablation ECG intervals, and AV nodal conduction …

A Review Of The Pathogenesis, Clinical Features And Diagnostic Indicators Of The Novel Condition Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia, Ada Fleming

International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences

The introduction of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection was a welcome and significant event in the COVID-19 pandemic. While vaccine administration was for the most part successful, it did come with the emergence of a novel condition, Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT). This condition presents after the administration of adenoviral vector-based vaccines against COVID-19, causing thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in affected individuals. There have been 10 suspected cases of VITT in Ireland. While its mechanism is not fully understood, the condition is characterised by the presence of Platelet Factor 4 (PF4) antibodies. There are several laboratory indicators which may suggest that a patient …

Thromboelastography Profiles Of Hemophilia A Patients On Emicizumab, Daniel J. Vanzweden, Meera Chitlur, Charity J. Stadler

Medical Student Research Symposium

Emicizumab is a new monoclonal antibody developed to dtreat people with Hemophilia A, especially those with antibodies. However, breakthrough bleeding can still occur in patients taking Emicizumab. TEG is a global coagulation assay which measures coagulability through viscosity. This study describes the use of tissue factor activated TEG in measuring bleeding profiles in patients taking Emicizumab. The goal of this prospective study is to determine if TEG can be used, which variables of TEG might be useful, and how much more useful it is than the current standard, aPtt. Findings include a 25% increased R time and 24% increased K …

Feasibility And Effectiveness Of A Prehabilitation Program Prior To Breast Cancer Surgery: A Critically Appraised Topic, Emma Choi, Alissa Lee, Kayla Woods, Morgan Mills, Carol Houston

Master of Occupational Therapy Student Critically Appraised Topics

The purpose of our project is to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of a prehabilitation (prehab) program for patients undergoing breast cancer surgery as compared to only receiving post-surgical rehabilitation. Our clinical mentor has recently obtained certification as a lymphedema specialist and is assisting with the opening of an outpatient mastectomy clinic through the Methodist University systems. Through our research process, we critically appraised two Level II articles, two Level III articles, and one Level IV article. Positive outcomes related to the feasibility were identified, however there is limited significant evidence supporting the effectiveness of the intervention. We recommend using …

Effect Of Botox And Therapy On Spasticity In Cerebral Palsy: A Critically Appraised Topic, Rachel Bray Mot/S, Tatum Cabot Mot/S, Peyton Clark Mot/S, Cameron Goodman Mot/S, Tarason Moore Mot/S, Claire Napier Mot/S

Master of Occupational Therapy Student Critically Appraised Topics

Children diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy often experience upper limb spasticity. Research has shown Botox injections in combination with occupational therapy can reduce the effects of spasticity in the upper limb. This literature review aims to determine how long is the appropriate duration of occupational therapy to administer after Botox injections to see decreased spasticity in the upper limbs.

Effects Of Sensory Intervention On Neurological Development In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Critically Appraised Topic, Paulina Bullard Mot/S, Emma Gadberry Mot/S, Siham Sherif Mot/S, Virginia Strawn Mot/S, Courtney Travis Mot/S, Delaney Weller Mot/S

Master of Occupational Therapy Student Critically Appraised Topics

The final portfolio contains four research articles from both national and international journals. Study designs include a randomized clinical trial, a randomized control trial, a systematic review and meta-analysis, and an integrative review. All studies relate directly to components of the evidence-based practice question and will be used to recommend sensory intervention for neurological development of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). One of the articles describes statistically significant effects. One of the articles describes both statistically significant and non-statistically significant effects of sensory intervention on neurological development of premature infants in the NICU. The other two …

Group Therapy For Adults With Hip Replacements, Riley Burford Mot/S, Hillary Talley Mot/S, Elizabeth Seals Mot/S, Alishah Pirwani Mot/S, Tylan Wakefield Mot/S

Master of Occupational Therapy Student Critically Appraised Topics

The purpose of our critically appraised topic is to synthesize the best current evidence regarding the feasibility of group occupational therapy and outcomes related to ADL performance. The final portfolio contains a total of four research articles. Study designs include two randomized control trials, one cohort design, and one systematic review. All studies related directly to the PICO question and were used to determine best evidence for the feasibility of group therapy of the older adult population who have hip replacements in a rehabilitation setting.

The Effects Of Air-Cell Based Cushions On Pressure Relief For Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: A Critically Appraised Topic, Audrey Carr Mot/S, Olivia Hamby Mot/S, Hailey Hanson Mot/S, Olivia Kincaid Mot/S, Molly Mcwilliams Mot/S, Anna Pollan Mot/S

Master of Occupational Therapy Student Critically Appraised Topics

Most acute care level patients with a SCI are dependent in performing pressure relief. Research was appraised and synthesized to answer the question: Are air-filled cushions effective for reducing pressure and development of pressure ulcers among adults with a spinal cord injury who are unable to independently perform pressure relief?

Effect Of Early Mobilization On Length Of Hospital Stay In Covid-19 Patients: A Critically Appraised Topic, Ashlee Hodges, Anna Claire Briscoe, Anna Beth Willoughby, Carlton Hubbard, Nathan Smith

Master of Occupational Therapy Student Critically Appraised Topics

For this project, we created a critically appraised topic to study the effects of early mobilization on length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients in the ICU.

Updates In The Pharmacologic Prophylaxis And Treatment Of Invasive Candidiasis In The Pediatric And Neonatal Intensive Care Units, James Hunter Fly, Seerat Kapoor, Kelly Bobo, Jeremy S. Stultz

Faculty Publications

Purpose of review The goal of this review was to provide an update on the prevention and treatment options for invasive candidiasis (IC) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Recent findings Studies have further validated the use of fluconazole for IC prophylaxis among high-risk patients in the NICU. It remains unclear if prophylaxis leads to resistance development and the ideal dosage regimen is still not clear. Recent studies have been published comparing caspofungin and micafungin to amphotericin B and illustrated similar efficacy outcomes in the NICU. Micafungin now has approval from the United …

Survival Percentage And Outgrowth Collection Kit (Spock) Development And Usage To Analyze Targets Of The Transcription Factor Gcn4 For Their Impact On Chronological Lifespan In The Model Organism S. Cerevisiae, Daniel Paul Felker

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Plate reader-based methods for high-throughput measurement of growth rate, cellular survival, and chronological lifespan are a compelling addition to the already powerful toolbox of budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics. These methods have overcome many of the limits of traditional yeast biology techniques, but also present a new bottleneck at the point of data-analysis. Herein, we describe SPOCK (Survival Percentage and Outgrowth Collection Kit), an R-based package for the analysis of data created by high-throughput plate reader based methods. This package allows for the determination of chronological lifespan, cellular growth rate, and survival in an efficient, robust, and reproducible fashion. To …

Rates And Perceptions Of Covid-19 Vaccination From University Of Mississippi Students, Josie Parham

Honors Theses

The trials, tribulations and triumphs of the global COVID-19 pandemic are impacted by and are a product of behaviors that occur at the level of nations, states, cities and, ultimately, communities. In the wake of the development of safe and effective vaccines against SARS-CoV2, the virus responsible for the pandemic, the significance of the vaccine is closely linked to the number of individuals that receive the vaccine. To date, surveys have measured sizable variations in vaccination rates between nations, states, cities, and communities. Focusing on events that have transpired in one such local community, the present study (i) measured the …