Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Comparison Of Performance On The Towers Of London And Hanoi In Young Children, Rebecca Bull, Kimberly A. Espy, Theresa E. Senn

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty Publications

The Towers of London (TOL) and Hanoi (TOH) have been viewed as equivalent measures of planning and/or problem solving, although recent evidence in adults suggests that the underlying measurement characteristics of these two tasks may differ. As tower tasks are one of the few instruments that can be used to assess executive functioning in young children, the cognitive demands for both tasks merit further examination. Methods: The relation among tower tasks and those of short-term memory, inhibition, and shifting ability were examined in a sample of 118 typically developing young children (M age = 4 years, 9 months, SD = …

International Art Therapy Program Development: An Exploratory Cultural Encounter In Ayacucho, Peru, Haley Johnstone

EVMS School of Health Professions Theses & Dissertations

Humanitarian aid organizations, both domestic and international, provide health care, mental health services, education, and community development for traumatized children worldwide living in regions affected by political violence. Sparse information exists regarding the role of an art therapist within these organizations. The profession of art therapy lacks research specific to the benefits of intervention and program development within the context of an international humanitarian aid team. This thesis reviews the ethnographic research of an art therapy graduate student who explored the opportunities for art therapy within such a team.

Cultural competency was an essential component of the researcher’s success while …

A Cross-Cultural Study Of Children’S Development As Reflected In Their Artwork: An Investigation Of Children’S Drawings From The African Country Of Benin, Elizabeth Anna Smead

EVMS School of Health Professions Theses & Dissertations

This research adds to the body of knowledge related to the human figure drawing as a useful tool in assessment and to art therapists’ understanding of children who depict the human figure in cross-cultural settings. This researcher obtained a sample collection of 148 human figure drawings from African children in rural Benin, West Africa to study in comparison to a set of human figure drawings collected under similar conditions in Hampton Roads, Virginia.

In this quantitative study, five of the Formal Elements Art Therapy Scales (FEATS) were modified and used to tally the formal elements of each of the 148 …

An Art Therapy And Ecopsychology Intervention With A Grieving Child, Carolyn M. Lucas

EVMS School of Health Professions Theses & Dissertations

There is a discernable need for research into the use of alternative therapies like art therapy and ecopsychology with grieving children. Art therapy seeks to facilitate an individual’s resolution of personal discord through the use of art media and directives. Ecopsychology relies on the assertion that by connecting individuals to the natural world, an improved consciousness will emerge. A literature review was conducted to examine these theories and their applications to grief treatment in children. Camps, workshops, and institutions regularly employ these therapeutic methods to help children with the grieving process. Art therapists in these settings utilize art activities like …

Art Therapy As A Measure Of Children’S Concept Of Surgery: A Preliminary Study, Emily C. Clark

EVMS School of Health Professions Theses & Dissertations

Surgery is a strange, and often frightening experience for children. A number of programs have been studied which attempt to prepare children for the surgery experience. Art therapy may be especially suited to help prepare children for surgery because art making is an effective form of communication for children, and can allow them to express their thoughts and fears about surgery. Unfortunately, studies of art therapy preparation programs are rare, and usually take the form of case studies. This research study is the first step in designing an art therapy preparation program for preparing children for surgery.

The purpose of …

Effects Of A Beginning Judo Class On Heart Rate, John Amtmann, Edd, Steven Berry, William K. Spath

Applied Health Sciences

We evaluated the heart rate responses of 15 adult and six child subjects to beginning judo class sessions. Heart rate responses were compared to cardiovascular intensity ranges recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Heart rate responses of adults (n=15) averaged 70 percent of age-predicted maximum heart rate with a range of 96 beats/minute to 154 beats/minute. The heart rate responses of the children (n=6) averaged 68 percent of age-predicted maximum heart rate with a range of 133-161 beats/min. Our results show that judo is effective in elevating heart rate to levels recommended by the ACSM for appropriate …

Putting Humpty Dumpty Together Again: What's Right With Betsy, Elaine R. Silliman, Louise C. Wilkinson, Robin L. Danzak

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Betsy is a telling case of the struggles and victories of a youngster who has grappled with a language learning disability for most of her 17 years. Her story is a fitting way to conclude this volume because she represents how a child with motivation and resilience can confront the educational and interpersonal obstacles she has experienced. Her story, which predates the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and the 1997 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, is a metaphor for the ongoing debates in theory and practice about the meanings of a learning disability versus a …

Statewide Penetration And Standard Costs Of Psychotropic Medications, Mary R. Murrin

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

This study will examine differences in pharmaceutical utilization rates relative to financial risk arrangements of differing insurance plans. During the last four years we have noted consistent differences in utilization of expensive, psychotropic medications between individuals enrolled in Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), which are at financial risk for the provision of pharmaceuticals, and the MediPass program in which the state bears the risk of pharmacy expenses. Persons in HMOs had lower levels of utilization.

Association Of Iron Deficiency Anaemia In Children Of 1-2 Years Of Age With Low Birth Weight, Recurrent Diarrhoea Or Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection - A Myth Or Fact?, Niloufer Sultan Ali, Rukhsana Wamiq Zuberi

Department for Educational Development

No abstract provided.

Physical Wellness: The Relationship Between Motor Skill, Fitness And Physical Activity In Young Children, Beth P. Hands, Helen Parker

Health Sciences Conference Papers

The health benefits of adequate physical activity levels for children are well reported. However, we cannot assume that children will choose to be sufficiently active of their own accord. Motor competence and fitness are increasingly highlighted as key co-determinants of physical activity in young children (Hands, Parker, & Larkin, 2001) and where possible strategies to enhance these factors should be included in early childhood settings. However few studies have adopted an integrated view of the collective effects of these three factors on developing healthy children. This presentation explores interrelationships between measures of motor skill competence, fitness, and weekly physical activity …

Frequency Of Enuresis, Constipation And Enuresis Association With Constipation In A Group Of School Children Aged 5-9 Years In Malatya, Turkey, Sema Uğuralp, Leyla Karaoğlu, Abdurrahman Karaman, Mehmet Demi̇rcan, Cengi̇z Yakinci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of enuresis, constipation and enuresis associated with constipation in school children aged 5-9 years living in Malatya Municipality, Turkey. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. All elementary schools in Malatya Municipality with kindergarten and preparatory classes took part in the study. All parents of the children aged 5-9 years enrolled in these schools were given a questionnaire. Completion of the questionnaire was voluntary. Of the parents, 1377 completed the questionnaire and these were evaluated. Overall enuresis frequency was 9.5%. Enuresis frequency was significantly higher among boys (11.2%) compared to girls …

A Comparison Of Human Energy Fields Among Children, Youth, Adults, & Dahn Masters, Geoffrey K. Leigh, Karen A. Polonko, Catherine D. Leigh

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

While concepts and investigations of human energy fields have been developed for centuries, there has been little systematic work comparing the fields of children, adolescents, and adults. In addition, general fields have had little comparison between average adults and those participating in an intense practice that may affect the field. Using the GDV machine, this research compared small groups of children, adolescents, average adults, and Dahn Hak Masters on measures of 20 basic aspects of the human energy fields, including the seven chakras. Differences were found in seven of the 13 field parameters as well as all seven measures of …

Implementing A Fundamental Movement Skill Program In An Early Childhood Setting: The Teachers’ Perspectives, Marie Martin, Beth P. Hands

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

The place of explicit movement skill development programs in early childhood settings is contentious. However given the growing understanding that movement competence is important for maintaining an active and healthy lifestyle (Hands, Parker, & Larkin, 2001), well planned and effective programs specifically designed for young children are important.

In this paper, the influence of a new teaching resource designed to support teachers in implementing a fundamental movement skill program is presented using a case study approach. The case studies were constructed with teachers working in a range of early childhood settings. The impact of the program on teachers’ level of …

Implementing A Fundamental Movement Skill Program In An Early Childhood Setting: The Children’S Perspectives, Beth P. Hands, Marie Martin

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Ample evidence exists about the importance of physical activity for developing and maintaining an active and healthy lifestyle. As many habits are formed when young, well planned and effective movement programs specifically designed for young children are important. In this paper, the influence of a new teaching resource designed to support teachers in implementing a fundamental movement skill program on the children in the classes is presented using a case study approach. The case studies were constructed with teachers and children in a range of early childhood settings. The impact of the program on the children’s level of confidence, knowledge …

Teaching Gifted Students With Learning Disabilities In The Regular Classroom, Jessica J. Johnson

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Parents' Homophobia And Childrearing Gender Role Beliefs: Correlates In A Local Populations, Angela Ackerman Brogle

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Children With Specific Language Impairment, Lynne Elizabeth Hewitt

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Publications

Laurence Leonard is one of the most prolific and well-respected researchers in the area of specific language impairment (SLI) in children, and he is well qualified to write a book surveying the topic. SLI is a disorder of unknown origin, which appears to have a genetic component, causing delays and disorders of language development in children of normal nonverbal intelligence with no significant medical, emotional, or sensory deficits. The primary purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive review of research in the field of SLI, and Leonard has the minute knowledge necessary to succeed at the task. The …

Eating Trends In Childhood, Emily Willmore

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Children ages 6 through 11 years are progressing in many aspects of their life. Of interest, children are establishing eating patterns that will be carried throughout their lives. Some of these patterns can be considered problematic and need to be addressed, these include: overfeeding or obesity, adequacy of major minerals and establishing healthy eating patterns. We conclude that while some children's eating patterns are problematic, there are means to resolve these trends. They include counseling, family involvement, physical exercise and nutrition education in school at a young age.

Genetic Testing: A Cautionary Tale Of Foster And Pre-Adoptive Children, Janet Farrell Smith

New England Journal of Public Policy

Genetic testing of children in the foster care and pre-adoptive stage may be thought to facilitate child placement and satisfy prospective parents’ need to know. But, the policy analysis in this paper recommends great caution, especially given eugenic attitudes in the history of adoption and the risk of creating a second tier of un-adoptable children. Testing should be done only when two conditions are satisfied: test information is medically useful for childhood onset diseases; test information supports and does not diminish the child’s access to present and future healthcare (or the child’s future insurability). Public policy needs to make a …

Editor's Note, Padraig O'Malley

New England Journal of Public Policy

This issue of the journal can be summed up in one word: provocative. At least two articles break new ground. Anthony Robbins and Phyllis Freeman explore the ways in which environmentally oriented public health is uniquely suited to help organized medical care in providing health and in restraining expenditures. Janet Farrell Smith challenges policymakers to look at what will soon become a hot issue — the medical use of genetic information. The genetic testing of children, now becoming prevalent in the foster care and pre-adoptive stage in order to facilitate placement and satisfy prospective parents’ “need to know,” is already …

Correlates Of Vigorous Physical Activity For Children In Grades 1 Through 12: Comparing Parent-Reported And Objectively Measured Physical Activity, James F. Sallis, Wendell C. Taylor, Marsha Dowda, Patty S. Freedson, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

Correlates of physical activity were examined in young people in grades 1 through 12, and analyses were conducted separately for eight age/grade and sex subgroups. Twenty-one explanatory variables were assessed by parental report. Physical activity was assessed in 781 young people via parent report, and 200 wore an accelerometer for seven days. Between 11% and 36% of parent-reported child vigorous physical activity was explained. The most consistent correlates were peer support and use of afternoon time for active rather than sedentary recreation. Peer support was the only significant correlate of objectively monitored activity in multiple subgroups.

How Can We Best Measure Fundamental Movement Skills?, Beth P. Hands

Health Sciences Conference Papers

The assessment of movement skill is a critical component of many disciplines and professions. In particular, the effectiveness of movement programs hinges on accurate information about the skill level of participants. This information should be based on assessment that is valid, comprehensive, educative, fair and explicit. The chosen process is matched to the assessment purpose. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of quantitative and qualitative strategies will be presented and the areas for future research highlighted.

(Women And) Children First: Applicable To Lifeboats? Applicable To Human Experimentation?, Lainie Friedman Ross, M. Justin Coffey

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

The Lead-Based Paint Abatement Repair & Maintenance Study In Baltimore: Historic Framework And Study Design, Joanne Pollak

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Regulation Of Research With Children: The Evolution From Exclusion To Inclusion, Duane Alexander

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

The Kennedy Krieger Case: Judicial Anger And The Research Enterprise, Jack Schwartz

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Parental Consent For Children's Participation In Biomedical Research: The Ethical, Regulatory, And Judicial Framework Of Grimes V. Kennedy Krieger Institute, Inc., Karen Smith Thiel

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Mad Honey Poisoning Presenting With Convulsion: Intoxication Instead Of Alternative Therapy, Embi̇ya Di̇lber, Mukaddes Kalyoncu, Ni̇lgün Yariş, Ayşenur Ökten

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

İLBER Mukaddes KALYONCU Nilgün YARIŞ Ayşenur ÖKTEN Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon - Turkey

Factors Affecting Bone Health In Children: A Preliminary Study In Kocaeli, Gülcan Türker, Kadi̇r Babaoğlu, Demet Gedi̇kbaşi, Hakan Demi̇r, Fatma Berk, Meti̇n Aydoğan, Şükrü Hatun

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Unhealthy bones in childhood are likely to be reflected as osteoporosis in the future. This study was planned to assess the bone health of children in the Kocaeli region and to determine the risk factors in terms of osteopenia. A total of 46 healthy children aged 6-16 years (21 girls and 25 boys, mean age: 8.74±2.56 years) were included in the study. A questionaire was used by the physicians to determine the sunlight exposure, dressing habits, calcium content of the diet, vitamin supplementation and daily physical activity. Bone mineral density was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at L_2-L_4 levels of …

Anti-Trafficking Programs In South Asia: Appropriate Activities, Indicators And Evaluation Methodologies, Dale Huntington

Reproductive Health

Throughout South Asia, men, women, boys, and girls are trafficked within their own countries and across international borders against their wills in what is essentially a clandestine slave trade. The Congressional Research Service and the U.S. State Department estimate that between 1 to 2 million people are trafficked each year worldwide with the majority originating in Asia. Root causes include extreme disparities of wealth, increased awareness of job opportunities far from home, pervasive inequality due to caste, class, and gender bias, lack of transparency in regulations governing labor migration, poor enforcement of internationally agreed-upon human rights standards, and the enormous …