Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Barriers And Facilitators To Exclusive Breastfeeding In Rural Pakistan: A Qualitative Exploratory Study, Atif Riaz, Shelina Bhamani, Sheraz Ahmed, Fayyaz Umrani, Sadaf Jakhro, Abdul Khaliq Qureshi, Syed Asad Ali

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) of children until six months of age is considered one of the most critical interventions in tackling childhood undernutrition. EBF rates are suboptimal in Pakistan, particularly in rural areas where child undernutrition is most prevalent. This study aimed to explore barriers to EBF in a rural context of Pakistan.
Methods: The study was conducted in the rural district Matiari of Sindh, Pakistan, during Jan-March 2020. We used a qualitative exploratory study design and conducted 36 focus group discussions (FGDs). Participants were purposively selected mothers who had not practiced EBF during their previous childbirth, their spouses and …

Diving Into The Vertical Dimension Of Elasmobranch Movement Ecology, Samantha Andrzejaczek, Tim C D Lucas, Maurice C Goodman, Nigel E Hussey, Amelia J Armstrong, Aaron Carlisle, Daniel M Coffey, Adrian C Gleiss, Charlie Huveneers, David M P Jacoby, Mark G Meekan, Johann Mourier, Lauren R Peel, Kátya Abrantes, André S Afonso, Matthew J Ajemian, Brooke N Anderson, Scot D Anderson, Gonzalo Araujo, Asia O Armstrong, Pascal Bach, Adam Barnett, Mike B Bennett, Natalia A Bezerra, Ramon Bonfil, Andre M Boustany, Heather D Bowlby, Ilka Branco, Camrin D Braun, Edward J Brooks, Judith Brown, Patrick J Burke, Paul Butcher, Michael Castleton, Taylor K Chapple, Olivier Chateau, Maurice Clarke, Rui Coelho, Enric Cortes, Lydie I E Couturier, Paul D Cowley, Donald A Croll, Juan M Cuevas, Tobey H Curtis, Laurent Dagorn, Jonathan J Dale, Ryan Daly, Heidi Dewar, Philip D Doherty, Andrés Domingo, Alistair D M Dove, Michael Drew, Christine L Dudgeon, Clinton A J Duffy, Riley G Elliott, Jim R Ellis, Mark V Erdmann, Thomas J Farrugia, Luciana C Ferreira, Francesco Ferretti, John D Filmalter, Brittany Finucci, Chris Fischer, Richard Fitzpatrick, Fabien Forget, Kerstin Forsberg, Malcolm P Francis, Bryan R Franks, Austin J Gallagher, Felipe Galvan-Magana, Mirta L García, Troy F Gaston, Bronwyn M Gillanders, Matthew J Gollock, Jonathan R Green, Sofia Green, Christopher A Griffiths, Neil Hammerschlag, Abdi Hasan, Lucy A Hawkes, Fabio Hazin, Matthew Heard, Alex Hearn, Kevin J Hedges, Suzanne M Henderson, John Holdsworth, Kim N Holland, Lucy A Howey, Robert E Hueter, Nicholas E Humphries, Melanie Hutchinson, Fabrice R A Jaine, Salvador J Jorgensen, Paul E Kanive, Jessica Labaja, Fernanda O Lana, Hugo Lassauce, Rebecca S Lipscombe, Fiona Llewellyn, Bruno C L Macena, Ronald Mambrasar, Jaime D Mcallister, Sophy R Mccully Phillips, Frazer Mcgregor, Matthew N Mcmillan, Lianne M Mcnaughton, Sibele A Mendonça, Carl G Meyer, Megan Meyers, John A Mohan, John C Montgomery, Gonzalo Mucientes, Michael K Musyl, Nicole Nasby-Lucas, Lisa J Natanson, John B O'Sullivan, Paulo Oliveira, Yannis P Papastamtiou, Toby A Patterson, Simon J Pierce, Nuno Queiroz, Craig A Radford, Andy J Richardson, Anthony J Richardson, David Righton, Christoph A Rohner, Mark A Royer, Ryan A Saunders, Matthias Schaber, Robert J Schallert, Michael C Scholl, Andrew C Seitz, Jayson M Semmens, Edy Setyawan, Brendan D Shea, Rafid A Shidqi, George L Shillinger, Oliver N Shipley, Mahmood S Shivji, Abraham B Sianipar, Joana F Silva, David W Sims, Gregory B Skomal, Lara L Sousa, Emily J Southall, Julia L Y Spaet, Kilian M Stehfest, Guy Stevens, Joshua D Stewart, James A Sulikowski, Ismail Syakurachman, Simon R Thorrold, Michele Thums, David Tickler, Mariana T Tolloti, Kathy A Townsend, Paulo Travassos, John P Tyminski, Jeremy J Vaudo, Drausio Veras, Laurent Wantiez, Sam B Weber, R J David Wells, Kevin C Weng, Bradley M Wetherbee, Jane E Williamson, Matthew J Witt, Serena Wright, Kelly Zilliacus, Barbara A Block, David J Curnick

Staff and Researcher Publications

Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and …

Regulation Of Drosophila Oviduct Muscle Contractility By Octopamine, Sonali A Deshpande, Ethan W Rohrbach, James D Asuncion, Jenna Harrigan, Aditya Eamani, Ellery H Schlingmann, Daniel J Suto, Pei-Tseng Lee, Felix E Schweizer, Hugo J Bellen, David E Krantz

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Octopamine is essential for egg-laying in

Human Total, Basal And Activity Energy Expenditures Are Independent Of Ambient Environmental Temperature, Xueying Zhang, Susan B Racette, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Lower ambient temperature (T

Examining The Complementarity Between The Eric Compilation Of Implementation Strategies And The Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy: A Qualitative Analysis, Sheena Mchugh, Justin Presseau, Courtney T Luecking, Byron J Powell

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Efforts to generate evidence for implementation strategies are frustrated by insufficient description. The Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) compilation names and defines implementation strategies; however, further work is needed to describe the actions involved. One potentially complementary taxonomy is the behaviour change techniques (BCT) taxonomy. We aimed to examine the extent and nature of the overlap between these taxonomies.

METHODS: Definitions and descriptions of 73 strategies in the ERIC compilation were analysed. First, each description was deductively coded using the BCT taxonomy. Second, a typology was developed to categorise the extent of overlap between ERIC strategies and BCTs. …

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Engineering Establishes A Humanized Mouse Platform For Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma Modeling, Corina Anastasaki, Jit Chatterjee, Olivia Cobb, Shilpa Sanapala, Suzanne M Scheaffer, Amanda De Andrade Costa, Anna F Wilson, Chloe M Kernan, Ameera H Zafar, Xia Ge, Joel R Garbow, Fausto J Rodriguez, David H Gutmann

2020-Current year OA Pubs

A major obstacle to identifying improved treatments for pediatric low-grade brain tumors (gliomas) is the inability to reproducibly generate human xenografts. To surmount this barrier, we leveraged human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) engineering to generate low-grade gliomas (LGGs) harboring the two most common pediatric pilocytic astrocytoma-associated molecular alterations, NF1 loss and KIAA1549:BRAF fusion. Herein, we identified that hiPSC-derived neuroglial progenitor populations (neural progenitors, glial restricted progenitors and oligodendrocyte progenitors), but not terminally differentiated astrocytes, give rise to tumors retaining LGG histologic features for at least 6 months in vivo. Additionally, we demonstrated that hiPSC-LGG xenograft formation requires the absence …

Engineering Rotating Apical-Out Airway Organoid For Assessing Respiratory Cilia Motility, Piyumi Wijesekara, Prakarsh Yadav, Lydia A. Perkins, Donna B. Stolz, Jonathan M. Franks, Simon C. Watkins, Emily Reinoso Jacome, Steven L. Brody, Amjad Horani, Jian Xu, Amir Barati Farimani, Xi Ren

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Motile cilia project from the airway apical surface and directly interface with inhaled external environment. Owing to cilia's nanoscale dimension and high beating frequency, quantitative assessment of their motility remains a sophisticated task. Here we described a robust approach for reproducible engineering of apical-out airway organoid (AOAO) from a defined number of cells. Propelled by exterior-facing cilia beating, the mature AOAO exhibited stable rotational motion when surrounded by Matrigel. We developed a computational framework leveraging computer vision algorithms to quantify AOAO rotation and correlated it with the direct measurement of cilia motility. We further established the feasibility of using AOAO …

A User-Friendly Tool For Cloud-Based Whole Slide Image Segmentation With Examples From Renal Histopathology, Brendon Lutnick, Sanjay Jain, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background: Image-based machine learning tools hold great promise for clinical applications in pathology research. However, the ideal end-users of these computational tools (e.g., pathologists and biological scientists) often lack the programming experience required for the setup and use of these tools which often rely on the use of command line interfaces.

Methods: We have developed

Results: By segmenting glomeruli, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, and vascular structures from renal and non-renal WSIs, we demonstrate the scalability, best practices for transfer learning, and effects of dataset variability. Finally, we demonstrate an application for animal model research, analyzing glomerular features in three …

Natural Locus Coeruleus Dynamics During Feeding, Natale R Sciolino, Alexxai V Kravitz, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Recent data demonstrate that noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC-NE) are required for fear-induced suppression of feeding, but the role of endogenous LC-NE activity in natural, homeostatic feeding remains unclear. Here, we found that LC-NE activity was suppressed during food consumption, and the magnitude of this neural response was attenuated as mice consumed more pellets throughout the session, suggesting that LC responses to food are modulated by satiety state. Visual-evoked LC-NE activity was also attenuated in sated mice, suggesting that satiety state modulates LC-NE encoding of multiple behavioral states. We also found that food intake could be attenuated by …

Camouflage Orthodontic Correction In An Adult Patient With Skeletal Class Iii Malocclusion – A Case Report, Yun-Fang Chen, Yuh-Jia Hsieh, Yu-Fang Liao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The case report described the camouflage treatment of an adult patient with skeletal Class III, anterior cross bite, open bite tendency and dental crowding. A 19-year-old male patient presented with chief complaint of anterior crooked teeth. The clinical examination showed a straight to concave profile, midface retrusion, mandibular protrusion, slightly high mandibular plane angle, upper and lower lip protrusion, lip incompetence, Class III molar and canine relationships. Because the patient refused to receive orthognathic surgery, the camouflage orthodontic treatment was planned along with extraction of bilateral upper second premolars and lower first premolars and modest backward-rotation of the mandible to …

Intraosseous Movement Of Multiple Impacted Teeth Occurred In Unilateral Maxilla During Orthodontic Treatment – A Case Report, Chun-Hsiu Yang, Chun-Liang Kuo

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The orthodontic treatment of unilateral multiple impacted teeth is challenging. It is often accompanied with a wide range of surgical exposure for impacted teeth. We reported a 14-year-old male patient who had a retained primary canine, first and second molars in left maxilla, complicated with proximal caries and gingival abscess over the primary first molar. The panoramic radiography revealed with a horizontally impacted canine, first premolar and vertically impacted second premolar in left maxilla. After relive the underlined pathogenesis of the tooth impaction by removing the primary teeth and abscess, the second premolar erupted subsequently. During traction of the inferiorly …

Corticotomy Assisted Lower Molar Protraction Treatment For A Periodontally Compromised Patient – A Case Report, Cheng-Hsun Shih, Ming-Chu Huang, Yuen-Yung Tsang

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

This is a case of a 51 years old female with skeletal Class I malocclusion, suffered from root fracture of #46 & moderate generalized periodontitis. She asked for molar protraction of #47 #48 to close the extraction space of #46 without any prosthesis or dramatic change of profile. Treatment planning was removal of #46 & protraction of #47 #48 with mini screw. It became difficult to close the residual space of #46 after 17 months of treatment due to narrow edentulous ridge. Therefore corticotomy plus bone grafting was performed. After treatment, her occlusion was stable and profile was satisfied. Selective …

Orthopedic-Orthodontic Intervention For A Skeletal Class Iii Malocclusion With An Inverted Maxillary Central Incisor Impaction – A Case Report, Hsin-Ho Chen, Sheng-Chin Lin, Shin-Huei Wang, Yuan-Yi Tung, Hsuan-Yi Hsiao, Yi-Jane Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The etiologies of Class III malocclusions may result from mandibular prognathism, maxilla deficiency, or both. For growing children with Class III malocclusions characterized with deficient maxilla, the treatment of choice would be protraction of the maxilla. Successful orthopedic treatment through growth modification has increased the possibility to correct developing Class III malocclusion with non-surgical method. In addition, maxillary expansion is frequently required in treatment of Class III malocclusions by increase the transverse width of the maxilla, and possibly enhance the protraction effect of the facemask through disrupting the maxillary suture system. Herein we report a case of 8-year-old boy presenting …

Long-Term Evaluation And Treatment For A Patient With Costochondral Graft Reconstruction In Hemifacial Microsomia – A Case Report, Shih-Wen Fan, Wen-Ching Ko, Kuo-Ting Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

A 17-year-old girl who was diagnosed as Pruzansky Grade III hemifacial microsomia (HFM) at right side, came with chief complaint of face asymmetry and occlusal deviation. The patient was regularly followed up in the Chang Gung Craniofacial Center. She had her affected right side ramus and condyle reconstructed with costochondral graft (CCG) around 6 years of age. The extraoral examinations indicated severe facial asymmetry with longer right face and prominent left face; the lower jaw was severely deviated to the left side due to overgrowth of the CCG at right mandible; besides, the right reconstructed condyle was ankylosed. The presurgical …

Orthodontic Treatment To Improve Periodontal Defect In A Patient With Lower First Molar Extraction– A Case Report, Yu-Ling Cheng, Yuen-Yung Tsang, Chia-Yi Pan, Ming-Juean Su

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

A 23 year-old male came with chief complaint of lower anterior crowding and protrusive lower lip. Dental examination revealed missing teeth 14, 24 and 34 and horizontally impacted 38 and 48. Poor prognosis of tooth 36 was found after evaluation. Anterior cross bite and open bite at his left side occlusion were also seen. In this case, removal of teeth 36 and 38 were selected instead of 44 extraction. Thus the timing and proper sequence of tooth extraction become critical. The biomechanics of tooth movement was designed to ensure that all teeth are in functional occlusion and the lower left …

Methods Of Gaining Dental Space – A Literature Review, Wei-Ting Chang, Hsuan-Yi Hsiao, Chi-Ying Huang, Yi-Jane Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

When treating patients with teeth mal-alignment and crowding, orthodontists have many strategies to gain the space. This article reviews the conventional methods which focus on molar distalization and arch expansion, rather than tooth extraction and temporary anchorage devices. The outcome of treatment with pendulum, distal jet, rapid maxillary expansion, and lip bumper were evaluated from various aspects. The aims of the literature review are to help orthodontists formulate an optimized treatment plan and predict treatment outcome and limitation in acquiring space by molar distalization and arch expansion.

Relationship Between Orthodontic Treatment And Root Resorption – A Literature Review, Yu-Tnig Wu, Wen-Ken Tai, Hoi-Shing Luk, Chih-Chen Chou, Heng-Ming Mark Chang, Chia-Tze Kao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Shorting of tooth or external root resorption that happen during or after completion of orthodontic treatment are troublesome. The root resorption could affect treatment outcome, unstable orthodontic tooth movement and even cause medical dispute. The etiologies of external root resorption could be systemic problems or local factors. The mechanism of external root resorption is still unclear and under investigation. This article reviewed the factors and possible causes on the orthodontic root resorption and discussed the possible role of light emitted diode (LED) biophotostimualtion effects to inhibit the root resorption. The information was provided for orthodontists in daily practice.

The Proper Timing And Strategies To Initiate Orthodontic Treatment For Patients With Class Iii Malocclusion– A Literature Review, I-Hsuan Su, Ar-Ting Wang, Feng-Lan Chan, Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Treatment for Class III malocclusion has been a controversial issue due to the unpredictable growth pattern. According to the literatures, various early interventions have been proposed to modify the skeletal relationship in order to reduce the need for the future complex orthognathic surgery. The influences of the age and the growth potential of patients at the time of treatment were also commonly discussed. Systematic review of the literatures showed that the amount of orthopedic effect was related to the age of patients; however, for those that start treatment before puberty, the stage of the mixed dentition at time of treatment …

Non-Extraction Treatment For Class Ii Malocclusion With Dentition Crowding – A Case Report, Hung-Hsiang Liao, Shao-Chun Lu, Ya-Ting Wang, Joung-Lin Liaw, Fong-Lan Chan, Chung-Chen Jane Yao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

To coordinate the dental midlines with facial midline is one of the orthodontic treatment goals. This case report presented a case with Class II dentition crowding and asymmetry by non-extraction therapy with the aids of TADs. Transpalatal arch with extension arm was used to correct buccal version of upper second molar which contributed the mandibular deviation. Molar distalization and arch widening were achieved by using TADs. Midline and Class II elastics resulted more correction of dental midlines to facial midlines. At the end of treatment, Class I canine and molar relationships and centered midlines were obtained. Better facial symmetry was …

Correction Of Angle Class Ii Malocclusion And Buccal Crossbite Assisted By Tads – A Case Report, Huei-Ying Mu, Yuen-Yung Tsang, Yu-Ling Cheng, Chia-Yi Pan, Ming-Jeaun Su, Yi-Min Liu

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Complete buccal crossbite is rare and difficult to be treated either orthodontically or surgically. This article presents an adult patient with bilateral Class II molar relationship and complete buccal crossbite at the right premolars region. She was treated with four bicuspids extraction along with upper buccal and palatal TADs as well as cross elastics in order to achieve well-aligned dentition. The buccal crossbite was corrected and and good profile was achieved.

Consideration Of Therapy In Angle Class I Malocclusion With Anterior Open Bite, Yu-Hsiang Lin, Yi-Sheng Lee, Chih-Peng Su, Hsin-Kuang Chen, Ming-Shi Tsai, Sheng-Yang Lee

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Anterior open bite is a common and challengeable malocclusion. To manage Angle Class I molar relationship in adult cases with several problems, such as high mandibular plane angle, maxillary canting, anterior open bite, discrepancy of anterior Bolton ratio and bilateral posterior crossbite, we should choose therapeutic method carefully. It is not necessary to improve occlusion and profile with orthognathic surgery. A case of an adult woman with tongue thrust had the chief complaint of anterior open bite. The principle of orthodontic treatment without orthognathic surgery is the occlusal plane change and vertical control to achieve the forward rotation of mandible …

Correction Of Class Ii Malocclusion And Lower Premolar Impaction Of An Adult Patient With Tads – A Case Report, Chien-Cheng Chen, Shih-Syun Syu, Yi-Horng Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Dentoalveolar ankyloses of primary tooth sometimes cause impaction of its successor tooth. In this condition, extraction of the ankylosed primary tooth and orthodontic forced eruption of the impacted permanent tooth may be a choice of treatment. In this case report, we present a 23-year-old female with Angle Class II malocclusion, whose mandibular left 2nd premolar impacted due to ankyloses of its primary tooth. She also had dental arch crowding and gummy smile problems. The patient received full-mouth orthodontic non-extraction treatment combine using TADs. As a result, her problems of malocclusion and gummy smile improved.

Orthodontic Correction Of Severe Gummy Smile In Class Ii Division 1 Malocclusion: A Case Report, Yu-Jen Hsu, Sheng-Chin Lin, Wen-Pei Wong, Emily Yi-Min Liu, Pi-Huei Liu, Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang, Yi-Jane Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Class II division 1 malocclusion with deepbite and gummy smile can be treated in several ways. Adequate intrusion and retraction of maxillary incisors may improve the smiling appearance as well as the facial profile. However, anterior torque control can be challenging. Herein, we report a patient with 5 mm gummy smile, where the final esthetic improvement was achieved by combined use of posterior and anterior miniscrews. The 19-year-old women presented with lip protrusion, convex profile, retrusive chin, excessive gingival display, and a Class II division 1 malocclusion with mild crowding in the upper and lower dentition (1~2 mm). Cephalometric analysis …

Lip Canting Correction In Patients With Facial Asymmetry After Orthognathic Surgery, Pr Wu, Sc Chen, Tf Chen, Ty Wu

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Patients with facial asymmetry usually accompany with lip canting. Most of these patients came for orthognathic surgery combine orthodontic treatment for chin deviation and asymmetric facial problem. However, the improvement of lip canting after surgery is not as predictable as correction of chin deviation. From our literature review, the correlated factors of lip canting were discussed, and the relationship between improvement of lip canting with two jaw/ one jaw orthognathic surgery were reviewed.

Etiology Of Impacted Maxillary Permanent Central Incisor And Associated Orthodontic Management, Yi-Fang Lo, Jeng-Fen Liu

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Purpose. To investigate etiologies associated with impacted maxillary permanent central incisors, retrospectively. In later part of this article, we also reviewed the literature of the orthodontic management of impacted maxillary permanent central incisors. Methods. Standardized periapical radiographs of upper anterior region from 2005 to 2014 in Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, were reviewed. From the 1025 reviewed upper anterior periapical radiographs, a total of 64 patients with 68 impacted maxillary permanent central incisors were found and were subsequently evaluated for the etiologies which cause impaction. Results. The most common etiology of impacted maxillary permanent …

Predictive Methods And Formula Of Class Iii Mandibular Growth Potential – A Review Article, Shih-Ying Lin, Wen-Pei Wong, Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang, Min-Chih Hung

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Class III malocclusion is common in Asian population and is a major challenge in orthodontic treatment. Some patients received orthopedic treatment to correct the skeletal disharmony in an earlier stage might have to be retreated later because of differential skeletal growth of the maxilla and mandible during the pubertal growth spurt. This article reviews some literature and discusses the craniofacial growth in Class III malocclusion. The methods and formula to predict future Class III growth pattern are also reviewed. This will help clinicians to decide whether to start camouflage treatment during the growth period or wait until completion of growth …

Mechanical Properties Of Temporary Anchorage Devices – Review Article, Hsin-Ho Chen, Hsuan-Yi Hsiao, Yuan-Yi Tung, Hui-Jen Tsai, Man-Ching Cheng, Eddie Hsiang-Hua Lai

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Temporary anchorage devices (TADs)are common used in orthodontic treatment for anchorage and force application. They have many advantages, including small size for insertion, potential for immediate loading, no need of patients’ compliance. The success rate of miniscrews was more than 80%. There are several factor affecting stability of TADs, including: insertion torque, soft tissue condition and bone quality of insertion area, magnitude and direction of orthodontic force, oral hygiene condition and insertion method. There are many different shapes, materials and types of miniscrews. Different types of TADs may have different mechanical properties and result in different success rate. We discussed …

Literature Review: Low Level Laser Therapy In Orthodontics, Wei-Chung Chen, Hui-Chen Tsai, Man-Ching Cheng, Chung-Chen Jane Yao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Long treatment time and discomfort in the orthodontic treatment are the most common factors that p’t decides not to accept treatment. Recently, there are many ways to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement and relieve pain during the treatment progress. “Low level laser therapy” which is proven by many clinical studies is a non-invasive way to achieve these goals. This article reviews cellular, animal, and clinical studies about low level laser therapy used in orthodontics.

Clinical Risk Of Pulp Tissue Through Orthodontic Treatment – A Review Article, Ying-Pan Chen, Shu-Fen Yang, Yi-Jen Chen, Tzu-Ying Wu

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

While moving teeth under orthodontic force, there are unavoidable tissue reaction due to the forces applied to the dental pulp and periodontal tissue. Under appropriate orthodontic treatment planning, most of the tissue reactions were limited to temporary pulpitis, blunting of dental root apex etc. However, a few patients will start up serious reactions such as dental pulp obliteration, tooth discoloration, dental pulp necrosis, or even severe apical root resorption and invasive cervical root resorption. These will not only have an impact on tooth structure, but will also affect the prognosis of the tooth. Therefore, by recalling the relevant papers in …

Orthodontic – Orthoganthic Management Of A Skeletal Class Iii - A Case Report, Ching-Ling Huang, Han-Jen Hsu, Yu-Chuan Tseng

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Treatment of Class III malocclusion in non growing patients usually involves either orthodontic camouflage or orthognathic surgery (OgS). Aesthetic outcome has gained in importance in the treatment of orthognathic patients . The surgery options of Class III malocclusions have historically been treated by isolated mandibular setback and maxillary advancement, or bimaxillary osteotomy. This is a case of 17-year-old female patient with skeletal Class III with mandibular prognathism, anterior crossbite and open bite, and severe crowding. Treatment plan included orthodontic treatment with orthognathic surgery, extraction of four first bicuspids and upper bilateral second molar due to poor position and inclination. We …