Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Suspected Malignant Mesothelial Cells In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Of A Dog With Respiratory Distress, Junseok Kim, Jimin Oh, Taesik Yun, Yoonhoi Koo, Dohee Lee, Yeon Chae, Byeong-Teck Kang, Mhan-Pyo Yang, Hakhyun Kim

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

An 11-year-old neutered female Labrador Retriever presented with a 1-week history of respiratory distress, lethargy and anorexia. On physical examination, the dog exhibited dyspnea with a rapid and shallow breathing pattern. Thoracic radiography showed diffuse nodular or miliary interstitial patterns, which raised suspicion of bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections and metastatic tumors. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed and the culture yielded no growth of infectious agents, including bacteria and fungi. A presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary mesothelioma was made based on malignant mesothelial cells on BAL fluid cytology. Therefore, this is a report identifying suspected pulmonary mesothelioma using BAL fluid in …

Acquired Indirect Unilateral Chronic Reducible Scrotal Hernia In An Arabian Stallion, Mohamed A. Marzok, Adel I. Almubarak, Mahmoud Kandeel, Adel A. Badawy

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This case report describes the presentation and surgical management of acquired indirect unilateral chronic reducible scrotal herniation in an 8-year-old Arabian stallion. The horse had a history of moderate unilateral swelling of the scrotum that had been noticed by the owner for 10 months. Upon palpation, the swelling was soft, reducible, painless and not accompanied by an acute abdomen. Ultrasonography, rectal and clinical examination were useful tools for the diagnosis of scrotal hernias in this case. A successful surgical herniorrhaphy was performed with the removal of the testicle at the affected side and the superficial inguinal ring was closed by …

Prenatal Choline Supplementation During Maternal Obesity Alters Offspring Response To Western Diets, Hunter W. Korsmo

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Maternal obesity has led to an increase in adverse offspring developmental outcomes and a greater risk for long-term metabolic diseases. Choline, a semi-essential nutrient, can be incorporated into phosphatidylcholine (PC) as well as sphingomyelin (SM) and donate its labile methyl group for the remethylation of homocysteine after choline is oxidized to betaine. Prenatal choline insufficiency has been related to maternal obesity and metabolic diseases, such as metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Choline may interact with maternal obesity to influence the programming offspring.

Chapter 1 presents an introduction of choline and the various clinical outcomes associated with choline supplementation during …

Effects Of Telesimulation On The Health Literacy Knowledge, Confidence And Application Of Nursing Students, Susan Patton

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Background: Assessing and addressing health literacy (HL) in patients is an essential role of the nurse and a critical component of nursing student education. Yet, large gaps exist within nursing school curricula with regard to the development of HL knowledge and skills, and the confidence to implement practices that target HL. Furthermore, effective training modalities that examine the transformation of nursing students’ knowledge into practice through the development of confidence during experiential learning have not been well explored.

Purpose: Evaluate the effectiveness of a HL information and a HL telesimulation intervention on the HL Knowledge, Application and Confidence of first-semester …

Neuroanatomy In Mild Cognitive Impairment: Relationship To Functional Skills, Treatment Expectancy, And Comorbid Depression, Sara Rushia

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a neurocognitive disorder defined by cognitive decline in older adults. Although MCI has been studied for decades, there remain important areas to be explored in order to adequately characterize aspects of this disorder that provide information valuable for possible interventions and disease progression to dementia, including a better understanding of the neuroanatomical variables relevant to this disorder. Such neuroanatomical variables include cortical thickness, hippocampal volume, and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). This dissertation consists of three separate studies aimed at addressing gaps in the literature on MCI in relation to brain morphometrics and under-studied characteristics involved …

Biomarker, Treatment, And Socio-Demographic Factors Affecting Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Retention, Fernand A. De Los Reyes

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

ABSTRACT

Biomarker, Treatment, and Socio-Demographic Factors

Affecting Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Retention

by

Fernand A. De Los Reyes

Advisor: Martha Velasco-Whetsell

Increasing mortality from opioid overdose and low treatment engagement are significant public health concerns. Along with increasing health care and criminal justice enforcement costs, there is an urgent need to study the factors associated with treatment retention in opioid use disorder. The study investigated the relative impact of the biomarker cholesterol on treatment retention in an opioid treatment program (OTP) clinic. Further, it examined the medical comorbidities, treatment, and socio-demographic variables that impact opioid use disorder treatment retention. This …

A Polypharmacological Approach To Relapse Prevention In An Animal Model Of Heroin Addiction, Scott T. Ewing

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Chemical compounds that target dopamine (DA) D1 or D3 receptors have shown promise as potential interventions in animal models of cue-induced relapse. However, undesirable side effects or pharmacodynamic profiles have limited the advancement of new compounds in preclinical studies when administered as independent treatments. In this series of experiments, we explored the effects of co-administration of a D1-recepter partial agonist (SKF 77434) and a D3-receptor antagonist (NGB 2904) in heroin-seeking rats within a ‘conflict’ model of abstinence and cue-induced relapse. Rats were first trained to press a lever to self-administer heroin and drug delivery was paired contingently with cues (e.g., …

A Survey Study Of Speech-Language Therapists’ Experiences With Teletherapy At The Onset Of The Covid-19 Crisis, Jason A. Rosas

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The present study aimed to understand how delivering pediatric treatment services via ‘teletherapy’ affected speech-language therapists (SLTs) during the initial outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis in 2020. SLTs reported on their experiences with the change from in-person to remote service delivery via two national surveys distributed at the start of the pandemic between April 2020 and July 2020. To explain SLTs’ survey responses, this dissertation introduced the Professional Adaptation Model (PA Model). The PA Model facilitated evaluation of the SLTs’ professional environment and the psychological constructs of their professional identity believed to influence the transition to speech-language teletherapy. Specifically, …

The Differential Effects Of Acoustic Discriminations On Operant Learning Performance And Neurogenesis In Male And Female Zebra Finches, Kristena L. Newman

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Adult neurogenesis, the creation of new neurons, occurs throughout the lifespan in most organisms. However, though neuronal proliferation occurs daily, most of these neurons do not survive to become incorporated into preexisting neural circuitry and become fully functioning neurons. In the mammalian brain, adult neurogenesis occurs within the hippocampus, a brain region known to be important in learning and memory. In rats, successful acquisition of certain learning tasks increased new neuron numbers when the learning was sufficiently challenging (Curlik and Shors, 2011). It has also been demonstrated that a spatial discrimination task requires new neurons when the discrimination is more …

Unsupervised Home Exercises Versus Formal Physical Therapy After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review, Yash P. Chaudhry, Hunter Hayes, Zachary Wells, Efstratios Papadelis, Alfonso Arevalo, Timothy Horan, Harpal S Khanuja, Carl Deirmengian

Orthopedic Surgery Resident Research

Historically, postoperative exercise and physical therapy (PT) have been viewed as crucial to a successful outcome following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess differences in both short- and long-term objective and self-reported measures between primary THA patients with formal supervised physical therapy versus unsupervised home exercises after discharge. A search was conducted of six electronic databases from inception to December 14, 2020, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing changes from baseline in lower extremity strength (LES), aerobic capacity, and self-reported physical function and quality of life (QoL) between supervised and unsupervised physical therapy/exercise …

Open Repair Of Complete Proximal Hamstring Avulsions In Workers' Compensation Patients, Emma E Johnson, Joseph M Brutico, Lasya Rangavajjula, Yuwei Xia, Ryan W Paul, Peters Otlans, Justin W Arner, Sommer Hammoud, James P Bradley, Steven B Cohen

Rothman Institute Papers

Background: Several studies have reported excellent results after surgical repair of proximal hamstring avulsions. However, the effect on these patients of receiving workers' compensation has not yet been explored.

Hypothesis: Workers' compensation patients undergoing proximal hamstring repair of complete tears will have similar outcomes when compared with a matched control group of non-workers' compensation patients.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: Workers' compensation patients who underwent complete proximal hamstring avulsion open repair between 2010 and 2019 were identified (WC group). A control group was matched by age (±3 years), sex, and body mass index (BMI; ±3). Demographics …

Association Between Metabolic Overweight/Obesity Phenotypes And Readmission Risk In Patients With Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Zinuo Yuan, Yiping Cheng, Junming Han, Dawei Wang, Hang Dong, Yingzhou Shi, Kyle L Poulsen, Xiude Fan, Jiajun Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Increased body mass index (BMI) and metabolic abnormalities are controversial prognostic factors of lung cancer. However, the relationship between metabolic overweight/obesity phenotypes and hospital readmission in patients with lung cancer is rarely reported.

METHODS: We established a retrospective cohort using the United States (US) Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD). We included adult patients diagnosed with lung cancer from January 1, 2018 to November 30, 2018 and excluded patients combined with other cancers, pregnancy, died during hospitalization, low body weight, and those with missing data. The cohort was observed for hospital readmission until December 31, 2018. We defined and distinguished four …

Dermatologic Manifestations Of Rheumatic Disease: Cutaneous Manifestations Of Sarcoidosis, Sarah Shapiro, Sindhuja Koppu, Mavra Masood, Beth Rubinstein, Huzaefah Syed

Open Textbooks and Course Materials

This OER is a part of the Dermatologic Manifestations of Rheumatic Disease project, which provides overviews of the identification, diagnosis, and workup for different rheumatologic diseases, with a focus on providing examples from persons of color (POC). This work seeks to fill gaps and exclusionary practices in medical education practices and resources and diagnostic frameworks in regards to skin of color. This lack of representation bodes significant repercussions on the ability of future physicians to deliver equitable care for an increasingly diverse US population. Each module consists of a similar Powerpoint format, which includes key objectives, hypothetical disease cases, an …

Cutaneous Manifestations Of Nutritional Deficiencies In The Context Of Food Deserts Of United States., Justin P Canakis, Shane M. Swink Do, Nicholas P Valle, Diana A. Rivers Do, Kristina M. Lim Do, Steven Oberlender Md, Phd, Stephen M. Purcell Do, Cynthia L. Bartus Md

Department of Medicine

Food deserts exist due to a multitude of factors ranging from socioeconomic status, racial disparities, geography, cost, and healthful food access. Given the vast biological function of vitamins and minerals, the clinical presentation for nutritional deficiencies ranges from benign to life-threatening. Often, the first indicators of underlying nutritional deficiencies are cutaneous manifestations. The first patient case is a 36-year-old female at 25 weeks gestation with a pruritic and painful rash that began in the genital region and spread centrifugally to her legs. The second patient case is a 42-year-old male with a pruritic rash that began at his abdomen and …

Menstrual Irregularities Following Covid-19 Vaccination: A Global Cross-Sectional Survey, Azza Sarfraz, Zouina Sarfraz, Muzna Sarfraz, Zainab Nadeem, Miguel Felix, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination generates protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is no clear evidence of COVID-19 vaccine-induced menstrual irregularities.
Objective: To identify potential menstrual irregularities following COVID-19 vaccine among females.
Methods: A worldwide cross-sectional survey study was conducted from June 10, 2021, to July 10, 2021 using online mediums. The survey consisted of 15 questions divided into baseline characteristics, vaccination status and dosage, menstruation and relate factors, and thoughts and knowledge about menstrual irregularities. Non-probability convenience sampling method was used including 510 responses. The results were tabulated, with bivariate analysis and chi-square test results. The sensitivity …

Coronavirus Disease-19 Infection And Angioedema In African Americans: A Case Series, Jose Manuel Martinez Manzano, Otoniel Ysea-Hill, Brenda Chiang, Simone A Jarrett, Kevin Bryan Lo, Zurab Azmaiparashvili

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Rationale: Few case series have described the simultaneous development of angioedema in patients with coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19). Most of these reports were described in at-risk patients for developing bradykinin angioedema. Therefore, we aim to describe 5 African American patients who developed simultaneous COVID-19 and angioedema.

Methods: This was a case series of hospitalized patients with simultaneous angioedema and COVID-19 infection in a single center from May 2020 to February 2022. We used descriptive statistics. The study was approved by the institutional review board.

Results: Their median age was 55 years (range 28-66); all patients were African American, and 3/5 …

Igg4-Related Interstitial Nephritis Ranges From Kidney Mass To Acute Kidney Injury, Mai Elzieny, Wei Li, Hassan D. Kanaan, Ping Zhang

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Context: IgG4-related interstitial nephritis (IRIN) can present as either a renal mass or with acute kidney injury (AKI). The goal of this study was to present our 4 IRIN cases with different clinical scenarios.

Design: Over the past 5 years, we identified 4 cases of IRIN. Each case was evaluated.

Results: Case 1 involved a 60-year-old man with a 3-cm kidney mass. The core biopsy revealed storiform fibrosis and increased IgG4-positive plasma cells (>30 per high-power field), thus diagnosed as IRIN. Case 2 involved a 69-year-old man with medical history of polymyalgia rheumatica and low complements who developed AKI …

Spectrum Of C3 Glomerulopathies: A Single-Center Experience, Mustafa Deebajah, Wei Li, Hassan D. Kanaan, Ping Zhang

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Context: C3GNs represent a rare type of glomerulopathy due to the activation of alternative complement pathway, including C3-dominant glomerulonephritis (C3D-GN) and dense deposit disease (DDD). The goal of this study was to demonstrate a spectrum of C3GNs.

Design: The study searched 3165 renal biopsies to identify C3GNs and their clinical indices over an 8-year period.

Conclusions: Our data indicate that C3GN cases had a consistent finding of dominant C3 staining, and low serum C3 in most, but exhibited a wide range of clinical and pathologic changes in pediatric to elderly patients. The findings support the previously reported characteristics of C3GN. …

Acute Pericarditis And Acute Pleuritis/Empyema Following Submandibular Infection In A Covid-19-Postive Patient: An Autopsy Revealing The Danger Space Of The Neck, Jessica Anderson, Seyedalireza Fatemi, Joseph Fullmer, Ping Zhang

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Acute pericarditis and empyema are life-threatening complications of severe odontogenic infections; reports of these findings from an autopsy perspective are rare. We report an autopsy case demonstrating infection from the mandibular molars to the pericardium and pleura in a patient following COVID-19 infection. A 53-year-old woman with history of COVID-19 (and on repeat testing at admission) presented with submandibular abscess that grew Streptococcus anginosus. Despite incision and drainage of the neck abscess and medical treatment, her condition deteriorated, with sudden death a week after admission. An autopsy with histologic analysis was performed. Externally, a surgical incision containing purulent drainage …

A Cost-Conscious Whole Slide Imaging System For Teaching And Teleconsultation In Pathology, Christopher Thorburn, Mustafa Deebajah, Keran Zhao, Zhenhong Qu

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Context: Whole slide imaging (WSI) systems can provide multiple users with concurrent access to slides without the need to be physically present at the same location. However, the cost of an all-in-one WSI system can be prohibitive for programs that do not already use WSI systems at a clinical scale. Here, we delineate a simple, inexpensive WSI system that is easy to implement and meets the need of a resident teaching environment.

Design: A digital camera (Basler acA2500, Mannheim, Germany) is mounted to a brightfield microscope with a 0.63× C-mount and connected to a computer with the manual WSI program …

The Promise Of The White Coat, Christopher J. Smiley Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This month’s editorial discusses the significance of the White Coat Ceremony in dental education, symbolizing a promise to uphold the profession with compassion and ethical standards. Dr. Smiley reflects on the challenges of teaching lasting ethical behavior and emphasizes the importance of personal values. He shares a real-life case of a classmate's unethical behavior leading to legal consequences, highlighting the role of peers in upholding ethical standards. The editorial encourages clinicians, whether they had a formal White Coat ceremony or not, to embrace the symbolic white coat as a daily reminder of their commitment to ethical patient care.

10-Minute Ebd: Does Articaine Compared To Lidocaine Result In A Higher Risk Of Paresthesia?, Ben Balevi Dds, Msc

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This Evidence-Based Dentistry column examines whether articaine, when compared to lidocaine, increases the risk of paresthesia in adults undergoing dental block anesthesia. After conducting a comprehensive literature search, the evidence suggests that 4% articaine may enhance the probability of achieving profound block anesthesia, with a very low risk of paresthesia, comparable to other dental local anesthetics. Considering this evidence in conjunction with the patient's preferences and values is crucial when making clinical decisions.

Long-Term Effectiveness Of Ivig Maintenance Therapy In 36 Patients With Gad Antibody-Positive Stiff-Person Syndrome., Jessica Yi, Marinos Dalakas

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: IVIg has been the preferred immunotherapy in stiff-person syndrome (SPS) based on a 3-month controlled trial, but whether it is also effective in inducing long-term benefits or arresting disease progression is unknown. The information is needed because SPS is a progressively disabling disease and IVIg is liberally used as chronic therapy without efficacy data. The present study explores the long-term effects of IVIg in the largest cohort of well-characterized patients with SPS followed by the same clinicians over 10 years.

METHODS: Data of 36 patients (32 glutamic acid decarboxylase [GAD] positive), diagnosed and treated with monthly maintenance …

Barriers To Anti-Retroviral Therapy Adherence Among Adolescents Aged 10 To 19 Years Living With Hiv In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review Protocol, Londiwe D. Hlophe, Jacques L. Tamuzi, Constance Shumba, Peter S. Nyasulu

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence is fundamental in achieving viral load suppression and consequently attaining positive health outcomes among people living with HIV. However, ART adherence is sub-optimum among adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) thus the high AIDS-related mortality even after World Health Organization (WHO) revised HIV treatment eligibility guidelines in 2010, 2013 and 2016. Consolidated trends of barriers to ART adherence among ALHIV aged 10 to 19 years in sub-Saharan countries post each eligibility guidelines revision to date are unknown.

Methods and analysis: We will conduct comprehensive search of peer-reviewed and grey literature databases publishing observational studies reporting data …

Biomonitoring Of Polybrominated Dioxins & Furans, Polychlorinated Dioxins & Furans, And Dioxin Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls In Vietnamese Female Electronic Waste Recyclers, Jenevieve S. Peecher, Arnold J. Schecter, Helen Lu, Hoang Trong Quynh, Arnold Stromberg, Jiaying Weng, Riley Crandall, Linda S. Birnbaum

Statistics Faculty Publications

Objective: E-waste is rising globally. This is a follow up to our study reporting metals/polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE’s)/polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in female e-waste recyclers. Here we report polybrominated, polychlorinated dioxins/furans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in these same workers. Methods: Female Vietnamese recyclers and non-recyclers recruited; blood samples collected. Polybrominated, polychlorinated dioxins/ furans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls levels compared in recyclers, non-recyclers, and National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Results: Recyclers >non-recyclers: 12378-PBDD, 2378-TBDF, 12378-PCDF, 123478-HxCDF, 123678-HxCDF, 1234678-HpCDF, PCB-126. Non-recyclers >NHANES: 123478-HxCDF, 123678-HxCDF, 234678- HxCDF, PCB-126, PCB-169. NHANES >non-recyclers: 12378-PCDD, 123478-HxCDD, 123678-HxCDD, 123789-HxCDD, 1234678-HpCDD, 123789-HxCDF, 1234678-HpCDF, 1234789-HpCDF, OCDF, PCB-81, PCB-114, …

Safety, Timing, And Outcomes Of Early Postoperative Cardiac Catheterization Following Congenital Heart Surgery, Karoline Krzywda, Jeremy Affolter, Darcie Al-Hassan, William Gibson, Ryan Romans, Kelly S. Tieves

Posters

Intro: Historically, early postoperative (<6weeks) cardiac catheterization (EPOCC) was considered high risk and often delayed. Recently, the safety of early postoperative cardiac catheterization has been demonstrated. The timing of catheterization in the struggling postoperative patient remains variable and optimal timing remains uncertain. There is limited data on the impact of EPOCC on outcomes such as length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilatory or extracorporeal support, and surgical or catheter- based interventions. The aim of this study was to describe our experience with EPOCC and its impact on management, length of stay, and duration of mechanical ventilatory support. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent cardiac surgery between 01/01/2010 and 12/31/2019 and cardiac catheterization within 30 days after surgery. Patients with catheterization for LA decompression on ECMO, endomyocardial biopsy, or BAS post hybrid procedure were excluded. We collected information surrounding timing, indication, and complications of catheterization, duration of mechanical ventilation/ECMO, and ICU/hospital LOS and compared these differences in patients who underwent EPOCC < 72hours (earlier) versus >72hours (later). Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS, version 28. Chi-square and Student’s t-test, or appropriate nonparametric tests were used to compare categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Results: There were 2542 surgeries performed during the study period with 167 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization within the defined 30 days. Twenty-six patients met exclusion criteria, leaving 141 patients for analyses. Median time from surgery to EPOCC was 10 days (1-30), with 26 patients(18.4%) having an earlier EPOCC. Interventions were performed in 70 patients (49.6%), not statistically different in those with earlier vs later EPOCC [n=9 (12.9%) vs …

Anatomical Analysis Of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Relation To Mandibular Posterior Teeth Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Radiographic Analysis Study, Shehabeldin Mohamed Saber Prof.Dr.

Dentistry

Introduction: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is reliable in the assessment of structures related to teeth. The assessment of the inferior alveolar neurovascular (IAN) bundle location using CBCT is considered one of its prime uses in different mandibular surgeries. Methodology: Retrospective CBCT data of patients presented to the institute were assessed to measure relations of IAN. Measurements were taken to assess the bone thickness adjacent to IAN, the superior-inferior dimension between the canal and the teeth, and the dimension between the canal and the inferior border of the mandible. Results: Out of the 170 patients the root apices nearest to …

Usp7 Substrates Identified By Proteomics Analysis Reveal The Specificity Of Usp7, Litong Nie, Chao Wang, Xiaoguang Liu, Hongqi Teng, Siting Li, Min Huang, Xu Feng, Guangsheng Pei, Qinglei Hang, Zhongming Zhao, Boyi Gan, Li Ma, Junjie Chen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) remove ubiquitin chains from proteins and regulate protein stability and function. USP7 is one of the most extensively studied DUBs, since USP7 has several well-known substrates important for cancer progression, such as MDM2, N-MYC, and PTEN. Thus, USP7 is a promising drug target. However, systematic identification of USP7 substrates has not yet been performed. In this study, we carried out proteome profiling with label-free quantification in control and single/double-KO cells of

Pediatric Stroke: A Review, Tipu Sultan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and objectives: Pediatric Stroke is a neurological disorder in which the patient suffers with two or more Pediatric stroke is a focal neurological deficit lasting more than 24 hours because of stenosis, occlusion or rupture of cerebral blood vessels. Variable etiological factors are involved ranging from cardiac, haematological, infectious, immune mediated to arteriopathies which is emerging as most important cause of arterial ischemic stroke in children. In this review article we will discuss paediatric stroke with its epidemiology, etiological factors in particular arteriopathies, diagnostic modalities, management protocols and outcome.

Methods: We searched stroke in Pubmed and found 15315 articles, …

Tele-Stroke Care In Pakistan, Nurose Karim Md

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.