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2022

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Articles 22621 - 22650 of 23775

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Whole Genome Sequencing, De Novo Assembly, And Comparative Analysis Of Varanus Salvator And Megaustenia Siamensis, Wanna Chetruengchai Jan 2022

Whole Genome Sequencing, De Novo Assembly, And Comparative Analysis Of Varanus Salvator And Megaustenia Siamensis, Wanna Chetruengchai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Understanding the animal genome structure and function is pivotal for expanding our current knowledge of evolution, biodiversity, cosmeceutical and medical applications. Each species has a unique characteristic feature. Varanus salvator is a reptile (vertebrate) prevalent in Thailand. It has evolved over millions of years to adapt and survive in urban environments, polluted canals, and garbage dumps. It still survives without noticeable effects. Megaustenia siamensis, an invertebrate, is famous for its ability to produce biological adhesive substances enabling it to stick to trees’ leaves even in heavy rain. However, there is very little genomics or transcriptomics data for V. salvator …

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The Role Of B1 Methylation, Physiologic Replication Independent Endogenous Dna Double Strand Breaks (Phy-Rind-Edsb) And Laminin 511 E8 Proteins In Rat Second Degree Burn Wound Healing, Jiraroch Meevassana Jan 2022

The Role Of B1 Methylation, Physiologic Replication Independent Endogenous Dna Double Strand Breaks (Phy-Rind-Edsb) And Laminin 511 E8 Proteins In Rat Second Degree Burn Wound Healing, Jiraroch Meevassana

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: DNA methylation via short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) small interfering (si)RNA prevents DNA damage and promotes cell proliferation. Furthermore, laminin α5 β1 γ1(LM511) is an extracellular structural protein that can support epithelial cell adhesion and migration. Box A of high-mobility group box 1 protein (Box A of HMGB1) is a common nuclear protein in eukaryotic cells that can reduce DNA damage response toward burn injury. Objective: To investigate whether treatment of burn wounds using B1 siRNA, Box A of HMGB1 and LM511-E8 fragment improved wound closure in a rat second-degree burn wound model. Methods: I performed a cross-sectional analytical …

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Senescent White Blood Cells In Colorectal Carcinoma Patients, Khin Aye Thin Jan 2022

Senescent White Blood Cells In Colorectal Carcinoma Patients, Khin Aye Thin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) and ageing can contribute to changes in immune cells including immuno-senescence. The objectives of the study were to determine if the senescence marker (p16INK4A) was expressed more at higher levels in peripheral white blood cells in CRC compared to age-matched healthy controls. Another aim was to determine the phenotypic changes of T cells, NK cells and monocytes during ageing and CRC in case-control studies. Cases were patients with CRC and controls were matched with cases based on age. Peripheral immune cells were analysed for p16INK4A using immunofluorescence and immunophenotypes were determined with flow cytometry. Correlation studies with …

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The T Cell Senescence In Breast Cancer, Sikrit Denariyakoon Jan 2022

The T Cell Senescence In Breast Cancer, Sikrit Denariyakoon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: The cancer-immune cell crosstalk is a common immune-evasion mechanism of cancer. This crosstalk can result in epigenetic changes in immune phenotypes to accelerate tumor growth and metastasis. Senescent T lymphocytes are formed during T cell differentiation, and are recently described as one of the dysfunctional T cells in cancer. In breast cancer, estrogen does not only regulate normal physiology in females, but is also involved in cancer development and cancer treatment. It may also attenuate senescent phenotypes, and increase DNA damage in several cell-lines. This thesis therefore examined for the presence of senescent T lymphocytes in breast cancer patients, …

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Effects Of Lipids And Surfactants On The Characteristics Of Asiatic Acid-Loaded Solid Lipid Microparticles, Jatuporn Witarat Jan 2022

Effects Of Lipids And Surfactants On The Characteristics Of Asiatic Acid-Loaded Solid Lipid Microparticles, Jatuporn Witarat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of solid lipids: beeswax and cetyl alcohol, and surfactants: Tween 80®, soybean lecithin and poloxamer 188 on the characteristics of solid lipid microparticles containing asiatic acid (AASLM). The AASLM were prepared from 10% or 15% of beeswax or cetyl alcohol together with 3% of surfactant F1-F12) by melt dispersion cum freeze-drying technique to obtain a solid dosage form. The physicochemical characteristics of the AASLM powders, including appearance, surface morphology, particle size, %labeled amount of asiatic acid (AA) and %entrapment efficiency (EE) were evaluated. The results revealed that AASLM prepared from …

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Comparison Of Volumetric Changes At Implant Connector Among Three Different Types Of Abutment After Cyclic Loading, Piyawan Jirayusakamol Jan 2022

Comparison Of Volumetric Changes At Implant Connector Among Three Different Types Of Abutment After Cyclic Loading, Piyawan Jirayusakamol

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The aim of this study was to compare the volumetric change of dental implant among three different types of abutments after cyclic loading.Thirty dental implants (4.1x10 mm., Straumann®) were used .All of them were inserted in acrylic resin block with usual surgical protocol to gain primary stability and be able to retrieve for volumetric measurement later. Ten of each dental implant connected with Titanium abutment (Group1: Variobase abutment Straumann®), Gold abutment (Group2: UCLA abutment Straumann®) and Zirconia abutment (Group 3: Care abutment Straumann®) consecutively. Then all specimen was submitted to cyclic loading (1x106 cycles, axial load, 100N, 15 Hz) at …

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Association Among Anterior Maxillary Dental Arch Form, Alveolar Bone Thickness And Sagittal Root Position Of Maxillary Central Incisor : A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Analysis, Suttikiat Somvasoontra Jan 2022

Association Among Anterior Maxillary Dental Arch Form, Alveolar Bone Thickness And Sagittal Root Position Of Maxillary Central Incisor : A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Analysis, Suttikiat Somvasoontra

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Purpose: This study evaluated the association among the dental arch form, age-sex groups, and sagittal root position regarding alveolar bone thickness in the maxillary central incisor using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 280 patients were categorized based on the dental arch form and age-sex groups. Five hundred and sixty sagittal CBCT images of the maxillary central incisors were examined to measure the labial and palatal bone thickness at the root apex level, at the mid-root level and 3 mm apically from cemento-enamel junction, with SRP classification. Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis test, and multiple linear regression were …

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Study Of Saliva Transcriptome And Proteome In Thai Patients With Dental Fluorosis, Patcharaporn Gavila Jan 2022

Study Of Saliva Transcriptome And Proteome In Thai Patients With Dental Fluorosis, Patcharaporn Gavila

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this study was to examine the expression profiles of RNA and protein in Thai individuals with dental fluorosis and compare them with those without fluorosis. Additionally, the study aimed to establish a correlation between the severity of dental fluorosis, urinary fluoride levels, and water fluoride levels. Methods: Schoolchildren in areas endemic for fluoride in Lamphun and Ratchaburi provinces of Thailand were screened for dental fluorosis severity and then enrolled in the study. Fluoride concentration in 24-hour urine and drinking water samples was measured using an ion-selective fluoride electrode. Saliva samples were collected in sterile tubes and stored …

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Oral Health Service Of Older Adults In Long-Term Care Facilities, Puntawee Barameepipat Jan 2022

Oral Health Service Of Older Adults In Long-Term Care Facilities, Puntawee Barameepipat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

To assess oral health service in long-term care facilities in Bangkok Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 50 licensed long-term care facilities in Bangkok. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before conducting phone interviews and administering the questionnaire. The questionnaire covered various aspects, including demographics, health services, and oral health services provided within the long-term care facilities. Results: The study revealed variations in terms of operational years, service capacity, service expense per month, and provision of health services, including oral health services. It was found that the differences in service expenses impacted the provision of denture care for …

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Intention To Obtain Silver Diamine Fluoride Treatment For Dental Caries Among Elderly, Ratchawipa Nakphu Jan 2022

Intention To Obtain Silver Diamine Fluoride Treatment For Dental Caries Among Elderly, Ratchawipa Nakphu

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Aims: To evaluate the intention of the elders to use the Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) treatment for stopping dental caries progression after being informed Materials and Methods: The elders aged 60-90 years old who are independent and can read Thai were recruited. A questionnaire-guided interview was performed to the elders after introduction of the SDF treatment. The questionnaire-guided interview was guided by the Theory of Reason Action (TRA) composed of 23 questions of 7 constructs including behavioral belief, evaluation of behavioral outcome, normative belief, motivation to comply, attitude towards behavior, subjective norm and intention. The intention to do the SDf …

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Cranio-Oro-Facial Features And Masticatory Function In Patients With Craniosynostosis, Yanisa Wongbanthit Jan 2022

Cranio-Oro-Facial Features And Masticatory Function In Patients With Craniosynostosis, Yanisa Wongbanthit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate cranio-oro-facial features and masticatory function in Thai subjects with craniosynostosis. Methods: Thirteen craniosynostosis (CS) patients aged between 6 - 17 years old who had treatment at the Princess Sirindhorn Craniofacial (PSC) Center, King Chulalongkorn memorial hospital and thirty age-matched non-CS subjects were recruited. Inform consents were obtained. Medical records were retrieved. Craniofacial and oral examination, radiographic evaluation, photograph, and masticatory function were recorded and compared with data of control subjects and that of Thai norms. Results: Among thirteen CS patients, four cases had cleft palate (30.8%), five had anterior openbite (38.5%), …

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Factors Associated With Oral Health Status Among The Healthy Elderly In Phon Thong District, Roi Et Province, Thailand, Yaowapa Chantaraboot Jan 2022

Factors Associated With Oral Health Status Among The Healthy Elderly In Phon Thong District, Roi Et Province, Thailand, Yaowapa Chantaraboot

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objective: This study aimed to identify factors related to the oral health status of healthy elderly people in Phon Thong District, Roi Et Province, Thailand. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 May and 25 December 2020 in Phon Thong District, Roi Et Province. A total of 249 male and female elderly people participated in the study. Oral health information was collected by trained dental hygienists using the Thai version of the oral health assessment tool [OHAT]. Data analysis used Mann–Whitney U tests, Chi-Square tests, and Binary logistic regression. Results: There were statistically significant associations between oral …

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Effectiveness Of 1- And 2- Per Cent Acetic Acid Solutions In The 2-Week Treatment Of Granular Myringitis, Sarun Prakairungthong Jan 2022

Effectiveness Of 1- And 2- Per Cent Acetic Acid Solutions In The 2-Week Treatment Of Granular Myringitis, Sarun Prakairungthong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Granular myringitis is characterized by de-epithelization of the tympanic membrane. Patients present with intermittent otorrhea, otalgia or itching. Granular myringitis could result in ear canal stenosis from fibrotic formation if improper or inadequate treatments were offered. At the present, there are still no standard specific topical ear drops for granular myringitis. The choices of treatment are various with inconsistent success rate in variable timeline. Objectives: To compare granular myringitis treatment between 1% and 2% acetic acid solution at 2 weeks Materials and methods: This study is a double blind randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of 1% acetic …

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Exploring Roles Of Mir-885-5p In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Archittapon Nokkeaw Jan 2022

Exploring Roles Of Mir-885-5p In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Archittapon Nokkeaw

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent form of liver cancer, exerts a significant burden on Southeast Asian countries and stands as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite this alarming impact, effective treatments for HCC are lacking, resulting in low survival rates and high recurrence rates. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the disease's underlying mechanisms is crucial for the development of novel and potent therapies. Recently, it has been recognized that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in tumorigenesis, including HCC. Our bioinformatic analysis has highlighted hsa-miR-885-5p as a potential candidate miRNA due to its downregulation in HCC …

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Exploring Roles Of Mir-372-3p In Proliferation Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells, Pannathon Thamjamrassri Jan 2022

Exploring Roles Of Mir-372-3p In Proliferation Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells, Pannathon Thamjamrassri

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. HCC has a replicative immortality and sustained proliferation rate. In addition, cell cycle-related protein regulating proliferation in cancer are often found dysregulated, allowing cancer cells to proceed their proliferation uncontrollably. Recently, a small non-coding RNA, microRNA (miRNA), was found to play an important role in numerous biological functions. Specific miRNA may ameliorate or promote cancer progression through different target mRNA. MiR-372-3p has been explored in various cancers such as colon cancer, colorectal cancer, and glioma. However, its functions have been rarely studied in HCC, especially in the aspect …

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Classification Of Bacteria And Fungi In Peritoneal Dialysis Fluids Of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Based On Metagenomic Analysis, Suthida Visedthorn Jan 2022

Classification Of Bacteria And Fungi In Peritoneal Dialysis Fluids Of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Based On Metagenomic Analysis, Suthida Visedthorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term condition where sustained damage of the renal parenchyma leads to the chronic deterioration of renal function that may gradually progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a type of ESKD treatment that is beneficial to improve a patient's quality of life. However, PD-associated peritonitis is a major complication that contributes cause of death, and the detection of the pathogen provided a high culture-negative rate. This study aims to apply metagenomic approaches for identifying the bacteria and fungi in peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE) of CKD patients based on the full-length 16S …

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Effects Of Chitosan Oligosaccharide And Probiotics On Chronic Kidney Disease Rats, Weerapat Anegkamol Jan 2022

Effects Of Chitosan Oligosaccharide And Probiotics On Chronic Kidney Disease Rats, Weerapat Anegkamol

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients suffer from the accumulation of toxic substances in their blood due to the loss of kidney function, which results in hyperphosphatemia. This condition contributes to hyperparathyroidism, leading to the development of chronic kidney disease-related mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Additionally, CKD patients experience changes in their gut microbiota, disrupting epithelial tight junctions and allowing excessive absorption of dietary phosphate. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of various oligosaccharides and probiotics on the gut microbiota, intestinal barrier, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperparathyroidism in CKD rats. We isolated Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains from healthy participants and tested …

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Effects Of Different Serum Supplements On Piggybac Cd19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells, Mulita Sanyanusin Jan 2022

Effects Of Different Serum Supplements On Piggybac Cd19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells, Mulita Sanyanusin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell is a novel therapy for relapse and refractory hematologic malignancy. Characteristics of CAR T cells is associated with clinical efficacy and toxicity. Type of serum supplements used during cultivation affect the immunophenotype and function of viral-based CAR T cells. This study explores the effect of serum supplements on non-viral piggyBac transposon CAR T cell production. PiggyBac CD19 CAR T cells were expanded in cultured conditions containing either fetal bovine serum, human AB serum, human platelet lysate or xeno-free serum replacement. Then, the effect of different serum supplements on cell expansion, transfection efficiency, immunophenotypes and …

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The Effect Of Histone Methylation In Trained Innate Immunity Of Cord Blood Monocytes In Newborn Infants Of Chronic Hbv-Infected Mothers, Pennapa Plypongsa Jan 2022

The Effect Of Histone Methylation In Trained Innate Immunity Of Cord Blood Monocytes In Newborn Infants Of Chronic Hbv-Infected Mothers, Pennapa Plypongsa

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Newborns contract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) through exposure in utero from mothers who are infected with HBV. In newborn infant from chronic HBV-infected mothers, the immune system displays innate immune cell maturation and enhances immune response upon restimulation with unrelated pathogens such as bacteria. This pattern is called “trained immunity” or “innate immune memory”. Trained immunity is regulated by epigenetic programming, especially histone modification. To date, there is not report on the epigenetics to regulate trained immunity in HBV. Therefore, this study investigated the cytokines levels and expression levels of histone modification enzyme genes in HBV-exposed cord blood monocytes. Moreover, …

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Study Of Thermodynamic Binding Between Ader And Ades In Two-Component Antibiotic Sensor Of Antibiotic Resistant Strains Of Acinetobacter Baumannii, Konrawee Thananon Jan 2022

Study Of Thermodynamic Binding Between Ader And Ades In Two-Component Antibiotic Sensor Of Antibiotic Resistant Strains Of Acinetobacter Baumannii, Konrawee Thananon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The proteins AdeR (response regulator) and AdeS (histidine kinase sensor) play a crucial role in regulating the efflux pump, which is responsible for removing antibiotics from bacterial cells. This regulation occurs through a two-component regulatory system (TCS) involving autophosphorylation. Upon receiving external signals, AdeS undergoes autophosphorylation, leading to the activation of AdeR, which in turn initiates the expression of target genes related to the efflux pump. In this study, both enzymes from the reference strain of Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC19606) and antibiotic resistant strains (H1074 and G560) were cloned and expressed in E. coli. The enzymes were purified using an immobilized …

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Macrophage Depletion Enhances Gut Dysbiosis And Severity In Sepsis Mouse Model, Pratsanee Hiengrach Jan 2022

Macrophage Depletion Enhances Gut Dysbiosis And Severity In Sepsis Mouse Model, Pratsanee Hiengrach

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Macrophage is vital players in the responsiveness of the innate immune system against injury or infection. Although macrophage depletion is well-known for some emerging therapies, such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, and decreasing tumor-associated macrophages in melanoma, dysfunction of macrophages leads to an inability of an appropriate immune response and implicated in various disease processes, especially intestinal macrophages that play a key role in the gut immune system and the regulation of gastrointestinal physiology. To obtain an understanding of the role of sepsis-associated macrophages, clodronate was used for the dysfunction of mouse macrophages with and without cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis. …

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Epigenetic Regulation In Trained And Tolerized Macrophages, Salisa Benjaskulluecha Jan 2022

Epigenetic Regulation In Trained And Tolerized Macrophages, Salisa Benjaskulluecha

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Innate immune memory is the phenomenon that can either enhance (trained) or suppress (tolerized) immune response by innate immune cells during the second encounter of the stimuli such as pathogens. Previous studies reported that epigenetic regulations critically regulate both types of innate immune memory. However, a complete understanding of the underlying mechanisms is still lacking. In this study, we performed a screening of an epigenetics compound library to identify inhibitors that affect ß-glucan (BG)-trained or LPS-tolerized macrophages. Among 181 compounds tested, various inhibitors targeting Aurora kinase, histone methyltransferase PRMT and EZH2, histone demethylase LSD1 and JMJD2, histone deacetylase 6 and …

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In Vivo Dosimetry Of 3d Gynecological Brachytherapy Using The Glass Dosimeter: A Phantom Study, Itsaraporn Konlak Jan 2022

In Vivo Dosimetry Of 3d Gynecological Brachytherapy Using The Glass Dosimeter: A Phantom Study, Itsaraporn Konlak

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Brachytherapy can deliver high doses to the target while sparing healthy tissues due to its steep dose gradient property. However, treatment was only performed according to the dose calculated by a treatment planning system without verification of the dose due to the characteristics. Therefore, the aim of this study was to design the in-house phantom to evaluate the dosimetric differences of gynecological brachytherapy under clinical conditions between calculation by the treatment planning system and measurement by the RPLGDs. An in-house phantom consisting of the glass dosimeter holder and the holder of the applicator was created. This holder was designed to …

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Effect Of Inter-Observer Delineation Variability On Radiomics Features In Nasopharyngeal Cancer, Pongpitch Panyura Jan 2022

Effect Of Inter-Observer Delineation Variability On Radiomics Features In Nasopharyngeal Cancer, Pongpitch Panyura

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a type of head and neck cancer that is prevalent in China and Southeast Asia. The standard treatment for NPC is radiation therapy (RT), which requires accurate target volume delineation (TVD) to ensure an effective radiation dose while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. However, TVD is subject to intra- and inter-observer variability, which can affect the accuracy of RT and lead to unstable results in radiomics analysis. Radiomics is a technique that extracts quantitative data from medical images, but it is currently limited by the manual process of tumor delineation. This study aims to investigate …

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Dosimetric Differences Between Scheduled And Adapted Plans Generated From Ethos Adaptive Radiotherapy For Patients With Prostate Cancer, Sarita Suvira Jan 2022

Dosimetric Differences Between Scheduled And Adapted Plans Generated From Ethos Adaptive Radiotherapy For Patients With Prostate Cancer, Sarita Suvira

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Prostate is one of the organs that can easily move or change during the treatment fractions. Adaptive radiotherapy can help to reduce the uncertainty of interfraction and decrease the side effects produced from the radiation given to the patients. The objective of this study was to provide evidence of the efficiency of adaptive radiotherapy for prostate cancer patients by investigating the dosimetric differences between the scheduled and adapted plans generated from Ethos. The treatment data of 100 fractions of prostate cancer patients who had previously been treated on Ethos daily adaptive radiotherapy were collected. The treatment data in each fraction …

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Accuracy In Classification Of Liver Lesion Ultrasound Using Artificial Intelligence, Sutthirak Tangruangkiat Jan 2022

Accuracy In Classification Of Liver Lesion Ultrasound Using Artificial Intelligence, Sutthirak Tangruangkiat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

B-mode ultrasound imaging is the standard method for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening. If a lesion has a unique appearance, a conventional detector can be applied. However, if the lesion shares its appearance with other lesion, a large training dataset is required, which may be unavailable. Therefore, a two-stage method is proposed. In the first stage, lesions are detected but not differentiated into any particular class. The detected lesions are then classified in the second stage using a conventional convolutional neural network (CNN). The aims of the dissertation are to design an artificial intelligent system model and to investigate the most …

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Accuracy Of Small-Field High Energy Photon Using Plastic Scintillation Detector In Heterogenous Media Compared With Model-Based Algorithm Calculation, Thanat Kaewsuksri Jan 2022

Accuracy Of Small-Field High Energy Photon Using Plastic Scintillation Detector In Heterogenous Media Compared With Model-Based Algorithm Calculation, Thanat Kaewsuksri

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Some radiotherapy techniques such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has the challenges in small field dosimetry in heterogenous media. This study aims at evaluating the accuracy of W2 plastic scintillation detector (PSD) compared with the calculation from algorithms for small-field high energy photon in heterogenous media. The characteristics of W2-PSD were studied. The percentage depth dose (PDD) of 6 FFF and 10 FFF with various field sizes ranging from 1x1 to 4x4 cm2 were measured in solid water phantom with low-density inhomogeneities slabs of air (Styrofoam) and lung (cork) and high-density inhomogeneity slab of aluminum. The characteristics of W2 plastic …

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Regulatory T Cell In Drug-Induced Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (Scars) During Acute And Recovery Phase, Suparada Khanaruksombat Jan 2022

Regulatory T Cell In Drug-Induced Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (Scars) During Acute And Recovery Phase, Suparada Khanaruksombat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a type of SCARs induced by various drugs. The autoimmune consequences were observed throughout the recovery phase ranging between 10 – 20 % of DRESS patients. The dynamics of regulatory T cells (Tregs) are thought to be responsible for the many symptoms of DRESS. They may be a key player in developing autoimmune sequelae in this syndrome. This study concentrated on the number and function of CD4+CD25+CD127-FoxP3+ Tregs in autoimmune development in DRESS patients. CD4+CD25+CD127-FoxP3+ Tregs and their immunophenotyping were characterized using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients by Flow …

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Analysis Of Vocs From Exhaled Breath For The Diagnosis Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Thanikarn Suk-Aram Jan 2022

Analysis Of Vocs From Exhaled Breath For The Diagnosis Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Thanikarn Suk-Aram

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were shown as promising biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. We aimed to investigate the performance of VOCs for diagnosing early-stage HCC in patients at-risk for HCC. Methods: VOCs were identified in exhaled breath samples collected from 90 early-stage HCC patients, 90 cirrhotic patients, 91 HBV-infected patients, and 95 healthy volunteers using thermal desorption-gas chromatography/field-asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry. The VOC levels were compared between the four groups. An association between VOCs and HCC was determined using logistic regression analysis. Diagnostic performance of VOCs was estimated using the AUROC and compared to serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Results: …

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The Association Of Genetic Variations In Pnpla3, Tm6sf2 And Hsd17b13 Genes In Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients With And Without Hiv Infection., Varis Ruamviboonsuk Jan 2022

The Association Of Genetic Variations In Pnpla3, Tm6sf2 And Hsd17b13 Genes In Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients With And Without Hiv Infection., Varis Ruamviboonsuk

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) has multiple risk factors, including genetic risk factors. Patients with certain genetic variants are more susceptible to the disease. People living with HIV (PLWH) have higher prevalence of NAFLD compared to those without HIV infection. But, the evidence on genetic factors in PLWH with NAFLD is limited. We aim to investigate whether carriers of PNPLA3 rs738409, TM6SF2 rs58542926, and HSD17B13 rs6834314 had association with the risk of NAFLD, and whether PLWH with NAFLD also had similar genetic risk factors as those with NAFLD alone. These SNPs were determined by using allelic discrimination in blood samples of …

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