Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Is Risk Compensation Real? The Effect Of Perceived Level Of Hiv Acquisition On Risk Behavior In A Pilot Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Demonstration Project In Men Who Have Sex With Men In Malaysia, Kelsey Rankin

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention for key populations, including men who have sex with men (MSM). In Malaysia, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence among MSM is 22%, and is even higher in key urban areas, including Kuala Lumpur. Despite nationwide campaigns committed to address HIV, scale-up of PrEP for MSM in Malaysia has been suboptimal. This limitation can be attributed partially to concerns that PrEP will lead to increased sexual risk behaviors, based on the controversial theory of risk compensation.

A 2018 PrEP demonstration study of MSM in Malaysia (n=150) was used to …

Free, Fair, And Fabulous: Five Data Tools To Support Open And Reproducible Research At Your Institution, Christine Nieman, Katie Pierce Farrier, Elizabeth Roth, Sean Corning

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

With more publishers and funders requiring data management and sharing plans, it is important for librarians, researchers, and support staff to be aware of the tools available to help them skillfully manage research data. There are a wide variety of tools available, both free and paid, that can work with data but selecting an affordable, accessible tool can be a barrier to use.

Description

This poster seeks to promote awareness of freely available tools for data management, wrangling, and sharing for use in daily work and research projects. The poster will review five data tools (DMPTool, NIH Common Data …

Prevalence Of Sensory Impairments In Home Care And Long-Term Care Using Interrai Data From Across Canada, Dawn M. Guthrie, Nicole Williams, Atul Jaiswal, Paul Mick, Hannah M. O'Rourke, M. Kathleen Pichora-Fuller, Walter Wittich, Rinku Sutradhar

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

In the general population, sensory impairments increase markedly with age in adults over 60 years of age. We estimated the prevalence of hearing loss only (HL), vision loss only (VL), and a combined impairment (i.e., dual sensory loss or DSL) in Canadians receiving home care (HC) or long-term care (LTC).

Methods

Annual cross-sectional analyses were conducted using data collected with one of two interRAI assessments, one used for the HC setting (n = 2,667,199), and one for LTC (n = 1,538,691). Items in the assessments were used to measure three mutually exclusive outcomes: prevalence of VL only, …

2022 Edition, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

The Sig

The Sig Newsletter from the Southwestern Oklahoma State University College of Pharmacy - 2022 Edition

Voluntourism – Boon Or Bane?, Sin Harng Luh

Perspectives@SMU

Voluntourists need to be clear about their motive and travel with their eyes open, says SMU adjunct faculty Dr Sin Harng Luh

At War With A Silent Killer: An Ipa Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Community Pharmacists In Ireland During Covid-19, Regina Brady, Niamh Imbusch

Articles

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to give voice to the unique lived experiences of community pharmacists who continued to work in patient-facing roles throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Research objectives sought to understand how they felt about working during this time including any risks felt, why they choose to continue working, and what the post-COVID future might hold for them and their profession. Method: The study was guided by the principles of traditional interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Primary research was collated using semi-structured interviews of a small, purposively selected homogenous group of pharmacists. The research context was a …

Design And Development Of Magnetic Iron Core Gold Nanoparticle-Based Fluorescent Multiplex Assay To Detect Salmonella, Xinyi Zhao

Articles

Salmonella is a bacterial pathogen which is one of the leading causes of severe illnesses in humans. The current study involved the design and development of two methods, respectively using iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP) and iron core gold nanoparticle (ICGNP), conjugated with the Salmonella antibody and the fluorophore, 4-Methylumbelliferyl Caprylate (4-MUCAP), used as an indicator, for its selective and sensitive detection in contaminated food products. Twenty double-blind beverage samples, spiked with Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, were prepared in sterile Eppendorf® tubes at room temperature. The gold layer and spikes of ICGNPs increased the surface areas. The ratio …

Formulation, Characterisation And Evaluation Of The Antihypertensive Peptides, Isoleucine-Proline-Proline And Leucine-Lysine-Proline In Chitosan Nanoparticles Coated With Zein For Oral Drug Delivery, Minna Khalid Danish, John P. Gleeson, David J. Brayden, Hugh Byrne, Jesus Maria Frias, Sinead Ryan

Articles

Isoleucine-Proline-Proline (IPP) and Leucine-Lysine-Proline (LKP) are food-derived tripeptides whose antihypertensive functions have been demonstrated in hypertensive rat models. However, peptides display low oral bioavailability due to poor intestinal epithelial permeability and instability. IPP and LKP were formulated into nanoparticles (NP) using chitosan (CL113) via ionotropic gelation and then coated with zein. Following addition of zein, a high encapsulation efficiency (EE) (>80%) was obtained for the NP. In simulated gastric fluid (SGF), 20% cumulative release of the peptides was achieved after 2 h, whereas in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), ~90% cumulative release was observed after 6 h. Higher colloidal stability …

Hydrogel On A Smart Nanomaterial Interface To Carry Therapeutics For Digitalized Glioma Treatment, Xinyi Zhao, Bilal Javed, Furong Tian, Kangze Liu

Articles

Glioma is considered the primary brain tumor to cause brain illnesses, and it is difficult to treat and shows resistance to various routine therapeutics. The most common treatments to cure glioma are the surgical removal of tumors followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The latest biocompatible interfaces have been incorporated into therapeutic modalities such as the targeted delivery of drugs using hydrogels to treat and manage brain glioma. This review illustrates the applications of the multimodal hydrogel as the carrier of therapeutics, gene therapy, therapeutic tactics, and glioma devices. The scientific articles were retrieved from 2019 to 2022 on …

Exploring The Concept Of The Digital Educator During Covid-19, Fernando Jimenez, Gracia Sanchez, Jose Palma, Luis Miralles-Pechuán, Juan A. Botia

Articles

T In many machine learning classification problems, datasets are usually of high dimensionality and therefore require efficient and effective methods for identifying the relative importance of their attributes, eliminating the redundant and irrelevant ones. Due to the huge size of the search space of the possible solutions, the attribute subset evaluation feature selection methods are not very suitable, so in these scenarios feature ranking methods are used. Most of the feature ranking methods described in the literature are univariate methods, which do not detect interactions between factors. In this paper, we propose two new multivariate feature ranking methods based on …

Optimization Of An Automated Algorithm For Analysis Of Spontaneous Rhythmic Bladder Contractions During Urodynamics Testing, Isabelle Pummill, Rui Li, Zachary Cullingsworth, Adam Klausner, John Speich

Summer REU Program

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Library Instruction On Medical Student Information Seeking Behavior, Angela Barr

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

To describe initial efforts to impact the information seeking behaviors of medical students during Grand Rounds exercises completed in their first and second years of pre-clinical education.

Description

Librarians received student responses to an information literacy question that is embedded in the Grand Rounds activity and analyze the data as follows. Sources were tallied and grouped according to resource type. Next, librarians attempted to assess the quality of certain sources. Third, search terms provided by students were aggregated and analyzed to determine frequency of use. Finally, a DML librarian-educator presented the compiled data to the entire class, making suggestions …

Research Outside The Library: Perspectives Beyond The Scholarly Literature, Lara Sapp, Carolyn Schubert, Liz Chenevey

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

Assignments in the health and behavioral sciences disciplines typically require students to locate peer-reviewed articles. However, relevant stakeholder perspectives cannot be gained if students only rely on scholarly literature, books, and other library-supported resources. This lightning talk will discuss an assignment that “took students beyond the library” to discover established knowledge and gaps related to their research. The purpose of the assignment was to help them uncover problems, issues, and questions that might guide the direction of their projects.

Description

Students in an Honors course, designed to support their research project proposals, were required to locate and interview three …

This Is How We'll Do It: Considerations In Creation Of A Literature Search Best Practices Guideline, Kerry Sewell, Heidi Reis, G.J. Corey Harmon

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

Literature searching skills and approaches among librarians may vary considerably, based upon the ways that literature searching is taught in formal and informal education. Informal observation of the literature search assistance approaches among health sciences librarians in the Information and Research Services department in Lapus Library indicated that patrons requesting such service might receive varying levels of service. This poster describes the creation of a best practices guideline for literature search assistance to address differential levels of service and build consensus about best practice when consistent pre- or in-service training in this area is missing.

Description

The Literature Search …

A Validation Study To Optimize Literature Searching For Interprofessional Education Studies In Pubmed, Sophie Nachman, Rebecca Carlson

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Objective

As there is exponential growth in the publication of interprofessional education (IPE) research studies, it has become more difficult to quickly find relevant papers and stay abreast of all the latest research. Accordingly, this poster addresses the development, evaluation, and validation of search hedges for IPE studies in PubMed, to improve future access to and synthesis of IPE research. The comprehensive, validated sets of search terms provide expert guidance to make it easier for educators and researchers to find IPE publications.

Methods

The search hedges were created for PubMed using relative recall methodology; the research process followed the guidance …

Giving It All You’Ve Got: The Value Of Extending Hours In An Academic Health Sciences Library, G.J. Corey Harmon, Kerry Sewell

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Objective

University libraries’ student satisfaction surveys regularly reveal student demand for increased operating hours to accommodate student learning. While academic libraries may provide extended hours, use of such models in academic health sciences libraries appears to be less widely adopted, perhaps due to budgetary concerns and lower general gate counts than academic library counterparts that may already provide extended hours. In the face of student demands, our institution shifted its budget to provide an additional 10 weekend hours, between Friday and Sunday, to help meet these demands. This study assessed the return on investment for those increased hours by tracking …

Mapping It Out: Developing A Library Internship Program, Emily Hurst, Roy E. Brown, John Cyrus

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

Newly graduated librarians often do not possess the knowledge and skills essential to practicing in a health sciences library. This mismatch in experience and expectations stems from a lack of exposure to health sciences librarianship and the typically general nature of graduate education in library and information science. This gap in skills and understanding stems from a lack of opportunities to develop in these areas. At the same time, many experienced health sciences librarians do not have the supervisory roles as a regular part of their work, resulting in fewer opportunities to build managerial skills and experience. In 2019 …

Adventures By Stepping Out Of The Library, Helen-Ann Brown Epstein

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

As a solo hospital librarian with a totally digital library, I am free to step out of the Library. Also, the Library organizationally placed on the Clinical Learning Team presents many interesting adventures for an information professional.

Description

This Lightning Talk will describe an ambitious daily rounding schedule, a month of direct observing to help out during the COVID period, active participation on the Nursing Research Council and Family and Patient Education Committee, work with the Nurse Residents and advising a vendor on a new product.

Conclusions

By stepping out of the Library, the Librarian can show support and …

Successes And Challenges Of Being Interim Leaders During A Pandemic, Roy E. Brown, John Cyrus, Emily Hurst

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

Assuming an interim leadership role presents personal opportunities for professional growth and organizational challenges. These challenges may stem from the temporary nature of the position and a lack of clear direction or decision-making authority. External forces, in this case the COVID-19 pandemic, also contribute to interim leaders' challenges. Library administration at a large public research university with multiple interim positions worked to identify potential challenges and possible solutions for those designated to interim leadership roles.

Description

This session will describe a plan created to facilitate the transition into and out of interim positions, set expectations for these roles, and …

Roll For Initiative! 101 Just Leveled Up: Choosing Intentionality In Course Redesign, Jennifer Monnin, Faythe Thurman, Kelly Diamond, Celia Shi, David Roth, Virginia Desouky

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background:

As demand for the health sciences (HS) section of the Library's introductory credit-bearing information literacy course outpaced available course seats and after a change to the course registration software made the section difficult to locate, a need was identified to update the coursework to be more relevant to HS students' specific learning needs. Three HS librarians and the Libraries' Office of Curriculum and Instructional Support (OCIS) collaborated to revamp this section to better meet the needs of future healthcare professionals. The revamped coursework was instituted beginning Fall 2021, and in Fall 2022 the section became its own unique class. …

Setting Off On A New Path: Reimaging A Library Department Annual Report, Jackson Hoch, Roy E. Brown, Emily Hurst

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

Academic libraries annually produce reports highlighting the previous year's achievements while highlighting new resources, services, and programs. These are intended to communicate with different groups with different interests. The library in these reports must discuss what was done and how those activities provided value to the community of users. The librarians at a large public research university debated the effectiveness of the annual report produced within their department. An internship project was created to rethink the department’s annual report and develop a plan to determine its effectiveness. The project intended to allow the intern to learn more about how …

Book It Forward: An Engaging Community Project, Jessica Bauer, M. J. Tooey

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

A two-fold need was identified in our community:

1. Parents and caregivers frequently have a need to do something with books their children have outgrown or left behind.
2. Many schools and daycare centers in the local community served by our university don’t have adequate books and reading materials for students and have a need to boost their libraries. Working with the university’s Community Engagement Center, the library launched a two-month book collection drive on campus.

Description

Staff from across the library created announcements and graphics promoting the drive and developed criteria for accepted donations. The team reached out to contacts …

Online Escape Rooms: What Do The Students Think?, Emily Gorman

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Objective

Gamification is an increasingly popular teaching method for enhancing student engagement during instruction. Multiple learning games have been used over the last several years to introduce first-year pharmacy students to library and drug information resources. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an online escape room-style game and to investigate student perspectives on this style of learning.

Methods

A librarian developed an online escape room-style learning game and facilitated the activity with first-year pharmacy students as part of their introductory laboratory course in Fall 2020. The escape room was adapted from a previously successful in-person …

Adventuring Into A University Common Read Program, Emily Hurst

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Background

Each year a selection committee at a large urban university selects a book for all first year students. Books are sent out to students and then the title is used throughout many freshman level classes. Librarians are involved in the selection of the book, the creation of a resource guide with related information, and the creation of potential programs to support the themes and topics addressed in the book. The largest event is organized through the common read program and involves a lecture to the university community from the book author. For many years the book and common read …

The Self-Taught Marketers Guide To Creating An Annual Report, Everly D. Brown, Patrick T. Waugh, Tara R. Wink

Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Medical Library Association (MAC- MLA) Annual Meeting Posters/Presentations

Objective

To produce an easy-to-read, visually appealing, 1-4 page annual report for the University of Maryland, Baltimore’s Health Sciences and Human Services Library (HSHSL). The report should be a mix of interesting statistics, highlights, stories, quotes, and photographs to promote the HSHSL’s annual accomplishments to the campus.

Methods

We gather all of the stories and statistics we think will be eligible material for the annual report, pulling content and ideas from: newsletters, workshops, blog posts, events, exhibits, and meetings with division and department heads. An annual report committee and visual designer decide upon the top stories and statistics, focusing upon …

Foxos Modulate Proteasome Activity In Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Of Huntington’S Disease And Their Derived Neural Cells, Jefin Jose

VCU's Medical Journal Club: The Work of Future Health Professionals

FOXO transcription factors have been implicated in modulating proteasome activity. Liu et al. found that Huntington's disease-induced pluripotent stem cells (HD iPSCs) exhibited greater proteasome activity as well as greater FOXO1 and FOXO4 expression. To determine a possible causal relationship, Liu et al. performed shRNA knockout of these two transcription factors and found that only FOXO4 mediated proteasome activity in pluripotent stem cells. Overexpression of FOXO4 rescued proteasomal defect in HD iPSCs-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Overall, Liu et al. found that FOXO4 specifically modulated proteasome activity in HD iPSCs and their derived NPCs.

Slow-Stroke Back Massage Compared With Music Therapy For Leukemia-Related Pain And Fatigue: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Rhea Tammireddi

VCU's Medical Journal Club: The Work of Future Health Professionals

This presentation focused on the effects of nonpharmacological treatments for leukemia-related pain and fatigue. These types of treatments are becoming more prevalent in today's times due to the risk of opioid addictions with increased pain medications. The study looked at two treatments: slow-back massage therapy and music therapy. Both treatments offer various advantages physically and emotionally. The study separated 114 adults with acute myeloid leukemia into the two treatments group and a control group of standard treatment. The results showed back massage therapy had a stronger and longer effect on the reduction of pain and fatigue.

Anti-Gd2 Antibody Dinutuximab Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Tumor Growth By Targeting Gd2+ Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells, Nasser Al-Abdulaly

VCU's Medical Journal Club: The Work of Future Health Professionals

Triple negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by its lack of estrogen and progesterone receptors, as well as no or low levels of human epidermal growth factor 2. Ly et al. found that the ganglioside GD2 is highly expressed in a stem cell-like population of triple negative breast cancer tumor and helps with cell adhesion and migration. Using a xenograft model, the researchers determined that targeting this cell population with dinutuximab (anti-GD2 antibody) could prevent tumor growth and metastasis.

Association Of Cag Repeats With Long-Term Progression In Huntington Disease, Jefin Jose

VCU's Medical Journal Club: The Work of Future Health Professionals

The relationship between CAG repeat length and clinical/morphometric decline in Huntington's disease patients beyond the age of onset has not been well characterized. Some studies argue that CAG repeat length does influence clinical decline after the age of onset, while others do not. Langbehn et al. found that clinical condition correlated quadratically with age for every subject with a pathogenic number of CAG repeats in the TRACK-HD and TRACK-ON datasets. Interestingly, those with a higher CAG repeat length experienced a greater rate of clinical decline at each timepoint. Performing a similar analysis using morphometric data, Langbehn et al. found a …

Nonpharmacological Practices For Reducing Agitation In Persons With Dementia, Meghan L. Farkas

Commonwealth Scholars Program

1 in 11 people aged 45 years and older experience subjective cognitive decline, with nearly a third identifying a decline in the ability to participate in social activities, work, or volunteering. There are twelve modifiable risk factors that can either increase or decrease an individual's possibility of developing Dementia. This can include excessive alcohol consumption, head injury, air pollution, lower education level, hypertension, hearing impairment, smoking, obesity, depression, physical inactivity, diabetes, and infrequent social contact. These modifiable risk factors may prevent or delay up to 40% of dementias. Furthermore, many risk factors cluster around inequalities, which occur particularly in Black, …