Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Potential Pro-Inflammatory Effect Of Vitamin E Analogs Through Mitigation Of Tetrahydrocannabinol (Thc) Binding To The Cannabinoid 2 Receptor, Anjela Manandhar, Mona H. Haron, Samir A. Ross, Michael L. Klein

Faculty and Student Publications

Vitamin E acetate, which is used as a diluent of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), has been reported as the primary causative agent of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI). Here, we employ in vitro assays, docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulations to investigate the interaction of vitamin E with the membrane-bound cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2R), and its role in modulating the binding affinity of THC to CB2R. From the MD simulations, we determined that vitamin E interacts with both CB2R and membrane phospholipids. Notably, the synchronized effect of these interactions likely facilitates vitamin E acting as a lipid modulator …

Analysis Of Docosanol Using Gc/Ms: Method Development, Validation, And Application To Ex Vivo Human Skin Permeation Studies, Vijay Kumar Shankar, Mei Wang, Srinivas Ajjarapu, Praveen Kolimi

Faculty and Student Publications

Docosanol is the only US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved over-the-counter topical product for treating recurrent oral-facial herpes simplex labialis. Validated analytical methods for docosanol are required to demonstrate the bioequivalence of docosanol topical products. A gas chromatography/selected ion monitoring mode mass spectrometry (GC/SIM-MS) method was developed and validated for docosanol determination in biological samples. Docosanol and isopropyl palmitate (internal standard) were separated on a high-polarity GC capillary column with (88% cyanopropy)aryl-polysiloxane employed as the stationary phase. The ions of m/z 83 and 256 were selected to monitor docosanol and isopropyl palmitate, respectively; the total run time was 20 …

The Increase Of Fentanyl Use In Young Adults And Its Relationship To Mental Illness, Madison Lilleberg, Madison Regel, Bashaer Abdushakour, Rosalee Allan

2022 Symposium

The abuse of prescription pain medication has risen to exponential levels in the United States within the past few years, leading to overdose deaths. The opioid epidemic sparked the popularity of the use of Fentanyl due to its highly potent pain-fighting properties. What was once approved to manage pain symptoms for cancer patients is now being used by thousands of young individuals irresponsibly and poses a threat to the health of our population. It is also becoming increasingly common worldwide to find this synthetic opioid mixed with other illicit drugs.

The scope of the research focuses on studies on self-medication …

A Literature Review On Red Meat Consumption Contribution As A Risk Factor For Type 2 Diabetes, Wendy Ireland, Rebekah Davis

The Graduate School Posters

Diabetes continues to be a major health concern for public health officials. The incidence of diabetes has grown in the past two decades producing more than 37 million Americans who live with diabetes (about 1 in 10), and approximately 90-95% of Americans have type 2 diabetes ¹. It is estimated that in 2030 cases of diabetes will rise to 439 million ². Risk factors contribute to the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes and other health concerns ³. Reducing risk factors like a sedentary lifestyle and a high red meat consumption diet has shown to improve the …

2022-04-01_Michiganoverview_Covidvaccinestats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Vaccine Data

The COVID Vaccine Dashboard page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98178_103214-547150--,00.html.

First-dose tracker above is for entire Michigan Population. Coverage maps below are for age 5+.

Previously reported numbers of administered vaccine doses may change as new data are received. A possible lag in reporting vaccine doses will result in increases in numbers previously reported.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services Division of Immunization from data reported to the Michigan Care Improvement Registry (MCIR).

The dashboard contained the tabs Vaccines Delivered, Delivery Trend, Primary Series Doses Administered, …

Eating Through Trauma, Thea R. Jordan

IPS/BAS 495 Undergraduate Capstone Projects

Ever skipped a meal because you didn't feel hungry? This is likely because the body was not in a state of rest and digest. When our bodies are overloaded with cortisol (stress hormones), and adrenaline we are not able to effectively digest food, leaving us in a heightened state that is deeply disruptive to the nervous system.

Avoiding situations where you will be eating or skipping meals altogether is a simple protection mechanism that the body uses in the event it needs to fight or flight. When the body has been conditioned to be hypervigilant in the event of a …

Hoil1 Regulates Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Numbers And Type 2 Inflammation In The Small Intestine, Matthew J Wood, Jeffrey N Marshall, Victoria L Hartley, Ta-Chiang Liu, Kazuhiro Iwai, Thaddeus S Stappenbeck, Donna A Macduff

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Patients with mutations in HOIL1 experience a complex immune disorder including intestinal inflammation. To investigate the role of HOIL1 in regulating intestinal inflammation, we employed a mouse model of partial HOIL1 deficiency. The ileum of HOIL1-deficient mice displayed features of type 2 inflammation including tuft cell and goblet cell hyperplasia, and elevated expression of Il13, Il5 and Il25 mRNA. Inflammation persisted in the absence of T and B cells, and bone marrow chimeric mice revealed a requirement for HOIL1 expression in radiation-resistant cells to regulate inflammation. Although disruption of IL-4 receptor alpha (IL4Rα) signaling on intestinal epithelial cells ameliorated tuft …

Change In Diuretic Dose After Initiation Of A Sglt2 Inhibitor In Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction, R. Wildemann, Pharmd, D. G. Karalis, Md, Facc, Fnla, N. Mirachi, Pa-C, B. Thoma, Pharmd, Bcps, Bccp

College of Pharmacy Posters

Study Purpose: To identify change in loop diuretic dose when initiating a SGLT2i in patients with HFrEF who are on a stable dose of loop diuretic in the outpatient setting

Effects Of Covid-19 In The Status Of Childhood Obesity In The United States: A Literature Review, Ana Cruz

The Graduate School Posters

Introduction: The main hypothesis is that COVID-19 affects the prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States due the precautions needed to contain the pandemic.

Methods: The methods used in this semi-systematic literature review includes web-based research from the following sources: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and EBSCOhost. The search was limited to children ages 5 to 19 years old with diagnosed obesity.

Results: The review found that COVID-19 pandemic has greatly increased the rate of childhood obesity in the United States due to changes in diet, increased screen time, and less physical activity.

Discussion: There …

Brain Trauma, Chase Hatada

IPS/BAS 495 Undergraduate Capstone Projects

The present research project centers on the issue of concussions. Concussions largely go unreported in football, across all levels of play. Concussions can vary in their impact, but generally they can cause a myriad of cognitive, physical and emotional problems. The risk of concussions and the impacts on the health of the individual, is largely affected by self reporting of concussions, which is extremely low. The culture of sports is a large part of this issue, a culture of hypermasculinity which supports self sacrifice is dominant in sports. Addressing this problem, the present project surveys individuals on their knowledge of …

Functional Electrical Stimulation For Treatment Of Drop Foot In Stroke Victims, Rebecca Makenzie Beasley

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this study was to observe how FES can improve the side effect of drop foot resulting from a stroke. It was hypothesized that FES can improve the side effect of drop foot caused by a stroke. This study was a randomized, quantitative experimental design study that consisted of two groups whose participants were recruited from local physical therapy clinics: FES group (10 participants) and control group (10 participants). Intervention occurred for six weeks, five days a week for one-hour sessions. Outcomes were measured by passive and active ROM along with pain levels. Limitations in this study are …

The Effects Of 5k Distance Running On The Recovery Of Female Breast Cancer Patients Post-Chemotherapy Aged 18-65, Tanner Hendricks

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects that an aerobic form of exercise, such as a 5K distance run, had on the recovery of breast cancer patients after they had gone through chemotherapy. Hospitals were contacted and told to provide information regarding this study to their patients who were completing their last round of chemotherapy and being discharged. Out of all who were informed, 300 volunteered for participation. This group of 300 was split in half with 150 participants participating in the aerobic exercise and the other 150 continuing life without exercise intervention. Both groups filled out …

Excessive Post- Exercise Oxygen Consumption (Epoc) Following A Twenty-Minute Submaximal Cycle Test, Logan Barrett, Molly Montgomery, Kayleigh Nicholson, Paul Williams

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

According to McArdle et al. (2015), Excessive Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) computes the total oxygen consumed in recovery minus the total oxygen consumed at rest during the recovery period. According to McArdle et al. (2015), VO2 mL/kg/min is defined as maximal oxygen consumption. According to McArdle et al. (2015), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) is the ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed under rest and steady-state conditions with little reliance on anaerobic metabolism. According to Dr. et al. (2004), EPOC is also known as O2 deficit and was used as a measure of anaerobic metabolism during exercise. According to …

Acute Impact Of Barefoot Running On Running Economy In Recreational Runners: A Conceptual Framework., Allyson Butts

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

Barefoot (BF) running is associated with biomechanical alterations that improve performance by increasing running economy (RE). The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of acute BF running on RE in recreational runners. Participants (n = 20) completed treadmill trials in conventional running shoes (CRS) and BF at 60% and 80% of VO2max. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (p < 0.05) measured the effects of shoe condition on RE. Results were expected to reflect the speeddependent nature of RE, reduced shoe weight in the BF condition, individualized biomechanical and stride adjustments, and the physiological cost of task novelty. Future directions include expanding population, duration, and variable analysis.

Detailed Analysis Of The Pull-Up Exercise, Lorenzo Bartolini

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The pull-up exercise has been used as a performance measure to assess physical fitness and muscular strength and endurance of the major muscles in the upper limb. The ability to successfully perform multiple repetitions of a pull-up is dependent upon a performer’s body mass, muscle strength, and movement style.

The Effects Of Dry Cupping On Overhead College Athletes, Kayleigh Nicholson

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

This study look at the effects of dry cupping on range of motion and pain symptoms in forty overhead athletes involved in sports such as softball, baseball, and volleyball. Two groups were tested during this study, a control group and an experimental group. Both groups were tested before the treatment and after the treatment using a visual analog scale for pain symptoms and a goniometer for range of motion changes (Yim et al., 2017). A dry cupping therapy treatment was applied the shoulder muscles, lattimus dorsi, rotator cuff muscles, and the muscles around the scapular for ten minutes each session …

The Influence Of The Ketogenic Diet On Jump Height In D1 Collegiate Volleyball Athletes, Danielle Norton

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

PURPOSE: The ketogenic diet was originally created in 1911 in hopes of treating epileptic children. Now, the ketogenic is a cultural trend that many stationary individuals use but has seldomly been studied regarding athletes and their performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the ketogenic diet and its direct effects on power through testing jump height in volleyball players. HYPOTHESIS: It was hypothesized that the ketogenic diet will have an overall negative effect on the performance of an athlete specifically in jump height in collegiate volleyball players. METHODS: Participants included twenty apparently healthy, female collegiate …

The Effects Of Cardio Warm Up (Cw) And Dynamic Warm Up (Dw) On Sprint Time In Trained Individuals, Abby Atchley, Danielle Burke, Kayleigh Nicholson, Paul Williams

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

According to Sander et al., (2013) a warmup to increase sprint time should include nonspecific running, coordination exercises, stretching, and acceleration runs. According to Zhou et al., (2020), an investigation into multiple studies found that aspects such as arm motion, takeoff angle, standing posture, warm up exercises, and handheld weights improved sprint times. The purpose of this study was to determine how a dynamic warmup compared to a cardio warm up will improve sprint time in trained collegiate D-I athletes. It was hypothesized that with the addition of a broad jump at the end of a standardized dynamic warm up, …

Exercise Prescription For Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Audrey Gun, Haley Church

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized as a chronic metabolic disorder resulting in hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and relative insulin deficiency (Olokoba, et al. 2012). The process of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by a series of complications known as defective insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity (Galicia-Garcia, et al. 2020). Defective insulin secretion is the process in which adequate insulin secretion is not met after food consumption. This alone can lead to other issues such as increases levels of glucose. As insulin resistance progresses, pancreatic insulin-producing cells produce less insulin and eventually resulting in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The …

The Effects Of Menstrual Cycle Phases On Muscular Strength And Endurance In Female Swimmers, Alexi Card

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

As female participation in athletics increase, the effects of the menstrual cycle phases are being brought to the surface level. The changing concentrations of estrogen and progesterone help determine the four phases of the menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the menstrual cycle phases on muscular strength and endurance in female swimmers. The hypothesis was that the menstrual cycle will affect performance differently. With an increase in estrogen there will be increased performance while with an increase in progesterone there will be a decrease in performance. 20 female swimmers from various travel swim …

The Benefits Of Exercise In Individuals With Type Ii Diabetes, Alexi Card

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders worldwide (Galicia-Garcia et al., 2020). The development of Type 2 Diabetes is primarily caused by a combination of: Defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells (Galicia-Garcia et al., 2020). The inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond to insulin (Galicia-Garcia et al., 2020). Type 2 diabetes is a disease of insulin resistance (Jacobs et al., 2018). According to Khan and colleagues (2019), in 2017 it was estimated that 462 million individuals globally are affected by type 2 diabetes or 6.28% of the world’s population. By 2035, it is estimated that …

Exercise Prescription For Patients With Spinal Cord Injury, Maggie Jackson, Mackenzie Sauter

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The spinal cord serves as the primary neural communication pathway between the brain and most of the rest of the body. Injury to this region of the spinal column can elicit severe, debilitating conditions. According to the National Strength and Conditioning Association (2018), a spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by an injury or disease process of the spinal cord that results in altered motor, sensory, or autonomic functioning (or some combination of these). According to Anjum and colleagues (2020), approximately 250,000 to 500,000 individuals in the world suffer from SCI. SCI pathophysiology consists of acute and chronic phases that …

Covid-19 Effect On Athletes And Non-Athletes Social Support, Lakota Comeau, Leah Dye, Taliyah Wade

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

For the purposes of this class, a study had to be performed, a study is that of a detailed investigation and analysis of a subject or situation. The study done was to be able to understand the impacts that covid had on both athletes and non-athletes, a study was conducted to understand how each group was affected. The main idea was that there was less stress for athletes due to them having a team dynamic and more social interactions than non-athletes creating more of a stressful environment than those who had some sort of contact with others in a world …

The Relationship Between Ffm And Vertical Jump In Male And Female Division One Collegiate Swimmers, Brady Fields, Steven Laflamme, Steven Couch

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

According to García-Ramos et al. (2016), the vertical jump is an essential factor that affects the push-off and start phases of the sport of swimming, which are crucial elements for improving stroke performance and efficiency. Explosive training strategies with resistance and light load work help improve power in the pushing motion. This may be done through plyometric training for out of the water workouts, or resistance training in the water (Makaruk et al., 2020). According to Sheppard et al. (2008), the vertical jump is considered a successful performance indicator in swimming. According to McArdle et al. (2015), the term body …

Comparison Of Handgrip Strength And Endurance In Collegiate Male Athletes, Allyson Butts, Danielle Norton, Jasmine Jones

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

According to Wang et al. (2018), handgrip strength is an indicator of overall strength and a predictor of strength outcomes. Handgrip strength reflects muscular strength as well as motor unit recruitment and coordination, and neuromuscular control. Elite and successful athletes tend to show greater handgrip strength in comparison to sub-elite and less successful counterparts (Fry et al., 2004; Cronin et al., 2017). This may be due to the sport-specific nature of neuromuscular adaptations (Shields et al., 1999). For men between the ages of 18 and 24, absolute dominant (D) handgrip strength averages 47.0 kg +/- 8.1 kg (Wang et al., …

A Comparison Of Functional Movement Screens Between Genders For Ncaa D1 Swimmers, Ciarra Ashworth, Jessica Vetter, Steven Laflamme, Brady Fields

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

A Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is a way to analyze movement patterns and observe mobility and stability deficits. The FMS test consists of a deep squat, hurdle step, incline lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight-leg raise, trunk stability, and rotary stability movement patterns. The score of the FMS can range from 0-3, 0 being the lowest. In this study, researchers compared FMS scores between male and female, NCAA, D1, swimmers. According to Anderson et. al (2015), Healthy secondary school female athletes scored lower on the total composite than healthy secondary school male athletes. Females also scored lower on the following individual …

Body Composition Variables Correlation With Relative Handgrip Strength In Male Athletes Compared To Non-Athletes, Olivia Crews, Baylee Short, Steven Couch

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

According to Franchini et al. (2018) absolute handgrip strength (HGS) increases within different weight classifications, whereas higher relative strength has been seen in light weight categories. The purpose of this study is to discover the extent to which lean muscle mass (LMM), fat free mass (FFM), age, and height correlate to HGS in student-athletes compared to non-student-athlete males. It is hypothesized that having a higher parameter in body mass, height, and FFM will result in a higher HGS in athletes than in non-athletes. It is secondly hypothesized that an increase in age will decrease absolute handgrip strength.

Utilizing Depth Drop Training To Reduce Acl Rupture Risk Factors In Division I Collegiate Women's Volleyball Players, Adam Meredith

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this study was to determine if increased use of depth drop in strength and conditioning programs decreases ACL rupture risk factors. Injury rates for volleyball players are 4.21 injuries per 100 hours. The knee is the second most common injury site behind the ankle. The most common knee injury for female volleyball players are ACL injuries. (Migliorini et al., 2019). Female athletes are 2-10 times more likely to sustain ACL injuries than males. (Silvers & Mandelbaum, 2007). Jump landings are the most common non-contact ACL rupture mechanism. Collegiate women’s volleyball players, on average, jump between 40-220 times …

Comparison Of High Vs. Low Fat Diet Influence On Vo2max In Adolescent Elite Female Soccer Players, Laura Sloan

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

Aerobic fitness relies on ample storage of all macronutrients that come from one’s diet. Dietary recommendations were introduced in the United States in 1977, which have been disputed as to whether a low- or high-fat diet is better for performance. For female athletes, more uncertainty is present due to the lack of research on this population’s dietary guidelines. There is a need for further research comparing high- and low-fat diet influence on the aerobic capacity of adolescent female athletes. This study recruited 30 elite female soccer players, ages 16-18 from Charlotte, NC, who were randomly assigned to either a low- …

The Effects Of Food Intake & Physical Activity On Resting Metabolic Rate, Jasmine Jones, Alexi Card, Danielle Burke, Abby Callahan

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) measures the energy a person requires to sustain vital body function while at rest. RMR is the most considerable element of total daily energy expenditure (McArdle et al., 2015). RMR varies depending on gender, age, weight, fat-free body mass (FFM), and physical fitness level (McMurray et al., 2014). During this study, RMR was measured indirectly by measuring the volume of oxygen consumption (VO2), the volume of carbon dioxide production (VCO2) (McMurray et al., 2014). The proper protocol for measuring RMR was to have the subject complete an overnight fast and refrain from working 12-18 hours before …