Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Predictors Of In-Hospital Mortality Among Under-Five Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition In South-Western Uganda, Timothy Nduhukire, Daniel Atwine, Luwaga Rachel, Joseph Byonanebye

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) affects about 13 million under-five children (U5), with an estimated one million dying every year. In this study we aimed at determining the in hospital mortality and its associated factors among U5s admitted with SAM.

Methods

This was a prospective cohort study of children 6 months to 5 years with SAM admitted at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) between June and August 2015. Care-takers were interviewed to collect socio-demographic and clinical information. Children under-went physical examination and had blood drawn for HIV, serum glucose, malaria, full blood count, culture and serum electrolytes investigation. Children were …

Anatomy And Function Of Autonomic Innervation Of The Liver, Kennan Negrete

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

The liver is one of the most important regulatory organs, and its extensive influence upon homeostatic balance is well-documented. However, the role of autonomic innervation in the control and regulation of hepatic function is poorly understood relative to the other organs of the digestive system. Furthermore, the neuroanatomical layout of the liver remains an incomplete puzzle with various missing pieces. The scarcity of information concerning such a critical organ presents an interesting conundrum for the scientific and biomedical communities alike, especially given the prevalence of liver degeneracy and disease in the modern clinical setting. A more complete understanding of the …

2020-06-25_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

2020-06-25_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

The webpage was obtained from Michigan's Coronavirus Cumulative Data page, under the link Data About Places. Data is self-reported by hospitals daily to the EM Resource System per MDHHS Director Robert Gordon's Emergency Order.

Contains the tables Statewide Available Bed Tracking for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19 (Statewide Available PPE and Bed Tracking), as well as the tables PPE Days On Hand and Patient Census.

2020-06-25_Michiganoverview_Covidlongtermcare, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Long Term Care Data

The COVID Long Term Care Facilities page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163_98173-526911--,00.html.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health & Human Services from data self-reported by long-term care facilities into EMResource. Data is updated on an ongoing basis.

The data below represents a cumulative total of confirmed COVID-19 resident cases, cumulative total of suspected and confirmed resident deaths, cumulative total of confirmed COVID-19 staff cases, and cumulative total of suspected and confirmed staff deaths reported by SNFs in Michigan since January 1, 2020. Case numbers are provisional and may change as facilities correct …

2020-06-24/25 Daily Unm Global Health Covid-19 Briefing, Christophe G. Lambert, Shawn Stoicu, Ingrid Hendrix, Lori D. Sloane, Mari Anixter, Anastasiya Nestsiarovich, Praveen Kumar, Nicolas Lauve, Jeremy Yang, Randy Ko, Cristian Bologa, Kristine Tollestrup, Douglas J. Perkins

HSC Covid 19 Briefings

Executive Summary:

NM Highlights: Governor update. NM schools reopening. Parents split on allowing kids play sports. Santa Fe streets closure. Paid leave for ABQ businesses. 207 cases and 5 deaths. International Highlights: 9% HCW positive in Italy. Australian lessons. Economics, Workforce, Supply Chain, PPE: Plan for return to normalcy. Mask cleaning. Epidemiology Highlights: US years of life lost high. Fever and cough most prevalent symptoms. Hypertension and diabetes most prevalent comorbidities. Hypertension, diabetes and respiratory disease most prevalent in fatal cases. Practice Guidelines: Brazilian guidelines on thromboembolic complications in COVID-19. Novel design of door handle to touch with a forearm. …

A Case For Delirium Risk Prediction Models To Aid In Triaging Resources To Those Most At Risk An Integrative Literature Review, Tammy Perttula

Nursing Masters Papers

Abstract

Delirium is a complex syndrome resulting from compounding effects of acute illness, comorbidities, and the environment. It results in adverse outcomes: elevated mortality rates, length of stay, readmissions, institutionalization, long-term cognitive changes, and diminished quality of life. The rate of iatrogenic delirium is astounding, ranging from 10%-89%. There are no curative treatments; thus, primary prevention is the key. The purpose of this literature review is to identify and critique the research for the accuracy of risk stratification and feasibility in practice. Support for interventions that prevent delirium is mounting; however, interventions are resource-intensive and often not implemented. Researchers have …

Effects Of Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic On Orthopedic Residency Program In The Seventh Largest City Of The World: Recommendations From A Resource-Constrained Setting, Marij Zahid, Syed Arif Ali, Naveed Baloch, Shahryar Noordin

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has hit the entire world hard. Since its inception from Wuhan China the whole world is affected now. Health care facilities and workers are overwhelmed and the situation is changing on daily basis. With the changes in the dynamics of the hospitals, residency and fellowships training programs have also suffered undoubtedly. Due to decreased elective cases and outpatient clinics surgical training gets compromised, however on the other side this physical distancing and isolation have proven to be effective measures in controlling the disease. In this article we share our experience of effect of COVID-19 pandemic on …

An Innovative Approach For Type 2 Diabetes Education, Rachel Domagala

Nursing DNP Projects

Objective: To improve self-efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes and a Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 8% (64 mmol/mol) or greater using an innovative education multidisciplinary approach in a group setting.

Research Design and Methods: Out of 248 patients that were contacted with type 2 diabetes, who had a HbA1c of 8% or greater, five patients from a large clinic in the Midwest agreed to participate in group education. The primary outcome of interest was lowering HbA1c levels to increase the number of patients with type 2 diabetes who meet the community standard of care.

Results: Patients …

Exposing Racism Part I: Environmental Racism, Megan L. Benka-Coker, Office Of Multicultural Engagement

Office of Multicultural Engagement Events

This is the first in a four-part series on Exposing Racism sponsored by the Office of Multicultural Engagement. Health Sciences Prof. Megan Benka-Coker '09 discusses how environmental racism occurs through rules, regulations, and policies that target Black communities.

Integrated Assessment Of Circulating Cell-Free Microrna Signatures In Plasma Of Patients With Melanoma Brain Metastasis., Matias Bustos, Kevin Tran, Negin Rahimzadeh, Rebecca Gross, Selena Y Lin, Yoshiaki Shoji, Tomohiro Murakami, Christine L Boley, Linh T Tran, Hunter Cole, Daniel F Kelly, Steven J O'Day, Dave Hoon

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Primary cutaneous melanoma frequently metastasizes to distant organs including the brain. Identification of cell-free microRNAs (cfmiRs) found in the blood can be used as potential body fluid biomarkers for detecting and monitoring patients with melanoma brain metastasis (MBM). In this pilot study, we initially aimed to identify cfmiRs in the blood of MBM patients. Normal donors plasma (healthy, n = 48) and pre-operative MBM patients' plasma samples (n = 36) were compared for differences in >2000 microRNAs (miRs) using a next generation sequencing (NGS) probe-based assay. A 74 cfmiR signature was identified in an initial cohort of MBM plasma …

2020-06-25_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

2020-06-25_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https:/www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163-520743--,00.html.

This report is provisional and subject to change. City of Detroit and Wayne County are reported separately. MDHHS began tracking probable cases April 5, 2020. FCI indicates federal correctional institute. MDOC indicates Michigan Department of Corrections. Diagnostic tests, including nucleic acid amplification/real-time polymerase chain reaction (NAAT/RT-PCR) and rapid virus antigen detection point of care (POC) tests, look for current infection. Serology (antibody) tests are used to look for the possibility of previous infection.
Source: Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) and Vital Records

The website contained the tables …

Covid-19: The New Mexico Experience And Background, Matthew Wharton, Marisa Su, Meghan Brett, Jon Femling

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Introduction: The novel Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) identified in December 2019 and the associated pandemic has temporarily changed the way that we conduct medicine, allocate resources, and educate resident and fellows. The present investigation is a summary of The University of New Mexico clinical experience managing the sudden surge of critical patients, personal protective equipment management (PPE), and resident education. Methods: We evaluated and analyzed the data related to the COVID-19 pandemic patient load and management in New Mexico, the formation of teams to protect the providers from simultaneous exposure, the resident experience, the PPE management, and the change in …

Identification And Management Of Injuries Associated With Femoral Shaft Fracture, Brian N. Hodges, Thomas A. Decoster

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Femoral shaft fractures are common injuries typically due to high-energy trauma. Injuries associated with femoral shaft fractures include ipsilateral femoral neck fractures, ipsilateral distal femur fractures, ipsilateral patella fractures, ipsilateral tibial shaft fractures, ipsilateral knee ligament injuries, acetabular and pelvis fractures, and small bone fractures. These injuries can go unnoticed, and it is important to recognize and treat these injuries accordingly.

Side-By-Side Comparison Of 4-Strand Versus 5-Strand Hamstring Graft Diameters In Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Dustin L. Richter, Michael Hopson, Tony Pedri, Gehron P. Treme

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Background: Hamstring (HS) graft size is an independent risk factor in determining outcomes related to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Although anthropometric correlations with HS tendon size have been studied, a predictable association with resultant graft size has not been established. This study directly compares the difference in diameter between a 4-strand (4S) and 5-strand (5S) HS autograft in the same patient. Methods: A total of 31 consecutive patients undergoing ACLR with HS autograft were included in the study. The gracilis and semitendinosus tendons were harvested for each patient. The diameters and lengths of a standard 4S HS graft followed …

Is The Positive Association Between Middle-Income And Rich Household Wealth And Adult Sub-Saharan African Women's Overweight Status Modified By The Level Of Education Attainment? A Cross-Sectional Study Of 22 Countries, Ifeoma Ozodiegwu, Henry V. Doctor, Megan Quinn, Laina D. Mercer, Ogbebor Enaholo Omoike, Hadii M. Mamudu

ETSU Faculty Works

BACKGROUND: Previous studies show a positive association between household wealth and overweight in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries; however, the manner in which this relationship differs in the presence of educational attainment has not been well-established. This study examined the multiplicative effect modification of educational attainment on the association between middle-income and rich household wealth and overweight status among adult females in 22 SSA countries. We hypothesized that household wealth was associated with a greater likelihood of being overweight among middle income and rich women with lower levels of educational attainment compared to those with higher levels of educational attainment. METHODS: …

New York State’S Rural Counties Have Higher Covid-19 Mortality Risk, Shannon M. Monnat, Yue Sun

Population Health Research Brief Series

As New York’s regions move through their various phases of reopening businesses and recreations activities, policymakers and residents should be mindful of the underlying health vulnerabilities and the higher COVID-19 mortality risk in several of NY’s rural counties. Is your county at high risk?

Convergent Evolution Of Conserved Mitochondrial Pathways Underlies Repeated Adaptation To Extreme Environments, Ryan Greenway, Nick Barts, Chathurika Henpita, Anthony P Brown, Lenin Arias Rodriguez, Carlos M Rodríguez Peña, Sabine Arndt, Gigi Y Lau, Michael P Murphy, Lei Wu, Dingbo Lin, Michael Tobler, Joanna L Kelley, Jennifer H. Shaw

PCOM Scholarly Works

Extreme environments test the limits of life; yet, some organisms thrive in harsh conditions. Extremophile lineages inspire questions about how organisms can tolerate physiochemical stressors and whether the repeated colonization of extreme environments is facilitated by predictable and repeatable evolutionary innovations. We identified the mechanistic basis underlying convergent evolution of tolerance to hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)-a toxicant that impairs mitochondrial function-across evolutionarily independent lineages of a fish (Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae) from H₂S-rich springs. Using comparative biochemical and physiological analyses, we found that mitochondrial function is maintained in the presence of H₂S in sulfide …

Evolving Role For Pharmacotherapy In Nafld/Nash, Suzanna L. Attia, Samir Softic, Marialena Mouzaki

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent, dynamic disease that occurs across the age spectrum and can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There are currently no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved treatments for NAFLD; however, this is a field of active research. This review summarizes emerging pharmacotherapies for the treatment of adult and pediatric NAFLD. Investigated pharmacotherapies predominantly target bile acid signaling, insulin resistance, and lipid handling within the liver. Three drugs have gone on to phase III trials for which results are available. Of those, obeticholic acid is the single agent that demonstrates promise …

Front Matter, Unm Department Of Orthopaedic Surgery

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

No abstract provided.

Mesh Plate Fixation For Complex Patella Fractures: A Surgical Technique, Rami Khalifia, Eric Potter, Sherif Dabash, Richard S. Yoon

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Different types of low-profile plates have been designed for fixation of complex patellar fractures. Plate fixation of patella fractures provides stable fixation and allows earlier mobilization. This report describes three cases of complex patellar fractures. The report includes a detailed description and tips of the surgical technique

Osteomalacia In A Young Adult Male Presenting As Chronic Wrist Pain: A Case Report, Daniel Gonzales-Luna, Dean W. Smith

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Chronic wrist pain is a common problem encountered by orthopaedic surgeons, yet osteomalacia is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis in the United States. We present a case involving a 37-year-old man who experienced bilateral wrist pain and weakness for more than 2 years. Further investigation revealed a history of chronic leg pain, low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels, and decreased bone density. He was diagnosed with osteomalacia and treated with vitamin D supplementation and increased sun exposure. At 6 months follow-up, the patient had resolution of his pain and normalized vitamin D levels. To our knowledge, the literature has …

Single-Event Multilevel Surgery Of The Upper Extremity: A Case Report, Elizabeth Mcleod, Lacey Floyd, Justin Bartley

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Single-event multilevel surgery has been used successfully to treat pediatric patients with cerebral palsy for decades; however, it has not been widely used to treat adult patients. Tendinopathies of the arm often coexist, and performing single event surgery to correct one joint pathology may further exacerbate coexisting tendinopathies. Accordingly, performing single-event multilevel surgery in the appropriate patient allows for the correction of multiple conditions of the same limb in a single surgery. Single-event multilevel surgery offers many benefits, including cost savings, convenience for the patient, less potential complications owing to a single anesthetic and hospitalization event, and a shorter overall …

Systematic Review Of Cost-Effective Analyses In Sports Medicine From 2014 To 2020, Casey Slattery, Mia S. Hagen, Amy Cizik, Albert O. Gee

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

The quality of recent cost-effectiveness studies and whether there is sufficient evidence to achieve valuebased health care in sports medicine are unknown. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of recent cost-effective analyses (CEA) in sports medicine to determine the quality of publications from the last 6 years. A literature search was conducted for CEA studies on diagnostic tests, treatment options, and surgical procedures for sports medicine-related conditions between 2014 and 2020 in the United States. Two reviewers scored each study using the Quality of Health Economic Studies (QHES) instrument to assess methodological quality. Eighteen CEA …

Measurement Of Femoral Notch Type Show Low Inter-Rater Reliability, Evan D. Boyd, Michael S. Barnum, James R. Saluterbeck, Pamela M. Vacek

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Background: Preventing first time anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and the devastating sequela of post-traumatic osteoarthritis in the young athlete has attracted efforts to identify risk factors for development of ACL injury. Femoral notch type has been related to risk of ACL injury in previous studies. However, little data exists to support the reliability of assessing this qualitative measurement amongst independent investigators. Methods: Femoral notch type was measured from magnetic resonance imaging sections of 344 injured ACL and control knees by three investigators with different levels of professional experience. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using Cohen’s kappa statistic. Results: The simple …

Aging, Vulnerability And Managing Type 2 Diabetes During A Pandemic, Jasmin Tahmaseb-Mcconatha, Jacqueline Magnarelli, Lauren Stricker

Psychology Faculty Publications

Older men and women have been found to be more vulnerable to negative outcomes should they contract Covid19, particularly if they also have comorbid conditions such as type 2 diabetes. Cultural, racial, ethnic, and social class differences exist in vulnerability to Covid19 and in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. In the United States, for example, diabetes rates for minority and immigrant populations are higher than for non-Hispanic whites. During the a social health crisis, it is helpful to explore the ways that illness management and associated vulnerability influences the ways that minority elders attempt to maintain and promote their …

Examining The Effects Of (Α4)3(Β2)2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Selective Positive Allosteric Modulator On Acute Thermal Nociception In Rats, Farah Deba, Kara Ramos, Matthew Vannoy, Kemburli Munoz, Lois S. Akinola, M. Imad Damaj, Ayman K. Hamouda

Pharmacy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-based therapeutics are sought as a potential alternative strategy to opioids for pain management. In this study, we examine the antinociceptive effects of 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-(5-methyl-1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)isoxazole (CMPI), a novel positive allosteric modulator (PAM), with preferential selectivity to the low agonist sensitivity (α4)3(β2)2 nAChR and desformylflustrabromine (dFBr), a PAM for α4-containing nAChRs. We used hot plate and tail flick tests to measure the effect of dFBr and CMPI on the latency to acute thermal nociceptive responses in rats. Intraperitoneal injection of dFBr, but not CMPI, dose-dependently increased latency in the hot plate test. In the tail flick test, the …

An In Silico Study Of Small Molecule Anti-Cancer Agents Targeting Dna G-Quadruplexes, Holli-Joi Sullivan

Theses and Dissertations

Free ligand binding molecular dynamic simulations are a powerful tool used to probe the ligand binding process, mechanism and pathway and the insight gained can help expedite the early stages of drug discovery. Using these methods, we model the binding of two small molecule anti-cancer agents BRACO19 and CX-5461 to a variety of DNA G-quadruplexes (G4s) and a DNA Duplex. The first study focuses on the binding of BRACO19 to three different topological folds (parallel, anti-parallel and hybrid) of the human telomeric G4s. Our detailed analysis identified the most stable binding modes were end stacking and groove binding for the …

Alumni Map 2020, Unm Department Of Orthopaedic Surgery

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

No abstract provided.