Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Optimal Control Of Linear Continuous-Time Systems In The Presence Of State And Input Delays With Application To A Chemical Reactor, Rohollah Moghadam, Sarangapani Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, the optimal regulation of linear continuous-time systems with state and input delays is introduced by utilizing a quadratic cost function and state feedback. The Lyapunov-Krakovskii functional incorporating state and input delays is defined as a value function. Next, the Bellman type equation is formulated, and a delay Algebraic Riccati equation (DARE) over infinite time horizon is derived. By using the stationarity condition for the Bellman type equation, the optimal control input is obtained. It is demonstrated that the proposed optimal control input makes the closed-loop system asymptotically stable. Finally, simulation results confirm the theoretical claims by applying …

Distributed Adaptive State Estimation And Tracking Scheme For Nonlinear Systems Using Active Passive Sensor Networks, Akhilesh Raj, S. Jagannathan, Tansel Yucelen

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper proposes a novel adaptive neural network (NN) based distributed state estimation scheme for a heterogeneous sensor network (HSN), to estimate the state vector of an unknown nonlinear process/target by using sensed output when the target input remains unknown. The active nodes in the HSN can sense the target output based on the detection range. By using a connected graph, the active nodes will communicate their estimated state vector from their adaptive NN observer to other passive nodes in the neighborhood that cannot sense the target, so that they can estimate the target state vector. Next, a subset of …

Online Optimal Adaptive Control Of A Class Of Uncertain Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems, Rohollah Moghadam, Pappa Natarajan, Krishnan Raghavan, Sarangapani Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, a multi-layer neural network (MNN) based online optimal adaptive regulation of a class of nonlinear discrete-time systems in affine form with uncertain internal dynamics is introduced. The multi-layer neural networks (MNN)-based actor-critic framework is utilized to estimate the optimal control input and cost function. The temporal difference (TD) error is derived from the difference between actual and estimated cost function. The MNN weights of both critic and actor are tuned at every sampling instant as a function of the instantaneous temporal difference and control policy errors. The proposed approach does not require the selection of any basis …

Emerging Agents For The Treatment Of Chagas Disease: What Is In The Preclinical And Clinical Development Pipeline?, Nieves Martínez-Peinado, Nuria Cortes-Serra, Irene Losada-Galvan, Julio A. Urbina, Ana Rodríguez, John L. Vandeberg, Maria-Jesus Pinazo, Joaquim Gascon, Julio Alonso-Padilla

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction: Chagas disease treatment relies on the lengthy administration of benznidazole and/or nifurtimox, which have frequent toxicity associated. The disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is mostly diagnosed at its chronic phase when life-threatening symptomatology manifest in approximately 30% of those infected. Considering that both available drugs have variable efficacy by then, and there are over 6 million people infected, there is a pressing need to find safer, more efficacious drugs.

Areas covered: We provide an updated view of the path to achieve the aforementioned goal. From state-of-the-art in vitro and in vivo assays based on genetically engineered …

Development And Psychometric Analysis Of The Patient Preferences For Engagement Tool, Teresa Jerofke-Owen, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Assessing patients’ preferences for engaging in healthcare is needed to inform the planning and delivery of individualized healthcare. Unfortunately, patients are often not engaged in their care to the extent that they would like, leading to patient feelings of disempowerment and frustration.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to (a) develop and (b) psychometrically test the Patient Preferences for Engagement Tool (PPET), a clinical assessment tool that can be used by nursing staff to identify patient preferences for engagement in healthcare. The usability of the PPET was also examined for both nurses and patients participating in the study. …

Comprehensive Review On Current Interventions, Diagnostic, And Nanotechnology Perspectives Against Sars-Cov-2, Deepak S. Chauhan, Rajendra Prasad, Rohit Srivastava, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan, Murali M. Yallapu

School of Medicine Publications

COVID-19 has dramatically challenged the healthcare system of almost all countries. The authorities are struggling to minimize the mortality along with ameliorating the economy downturn. Unfortunately, till now, there has been no promising medicine or vaccine available. Herein, we deliver a perspective of nanotechnology for increasing the specificity and sensitivity of current interventional platforms towards the urgent need of quickly deployable solutions. This review summarizes the recent involvement of nanotechnology from the development of biosensor to fabrication of multifunctional nanohybrid system practiced for respiratory and deadly viruses, along with the recent interventions and current understanding about SARS-CoV2.

Disparity In Outcomes Of Melanoma Adjuvant Immunotherapy By Demographic Profile, Alexandra Ikeguchi, Michael Machiorlatti, Sara K. Vesely

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Randomized comparisons have demonstrated survival benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy in node-positivemelanoma patients but have limited power to determine if this benefit persists across various demographic factors.

Materials & methods: We assessed the impact of demographic factors on the survival benefit of adjuvant immunotherapy in a database of 38,189 node-positive melanoma patients using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: All assessed demographic factors other than race significantly impacted survival of node-positive melanoma patients in univariate analysis. In multivariable analysis, only the age group interacted with immunotherapy.

Conclusion: Analysis of this large database of unselected node-positive melanoma patients …

Impact Of Honey On Radiotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis In Patients With Head And Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Xu Tian, Lingli Xu, Xiaoling Liu, Carol Chunfeng Wang, Wei Xie, María F. Jiménez-Herrera, Weiqing Chen

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© Annals of Palliative Medicine. Background: Oral mucositis is one of the most frequent, irreversible and distressing complications faced by head and neck cancer (HNC) patients undergoing radiotherapy. Several studies have investigated the role of honey in the prevention and alleviation of radiation-induced oral mucositis in HNC patients, however, a definitive conclusion has not yet been generated. We performed this updated systematic review and metaanalysis to determine whether honey can prevent and alleviate radiation-induced oral mucositis in HNC patients. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) through October 2019. …

A Novel, Reliable Protocol To Objectively Assess Scar Stiffness Using Shear Wave Elastography, Helen Dejong, Steven Abbott, Marilyn Zelesco, Katrina Spilsbury, Lisa Martin, Rowan Sanderson, Melanie Ziman, Brendan F. Kennedy, Fiona M. Wood

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Authors The aim of this research was to investigate the use of shear wave elastography as a novel tool to quantify and visualize scar stiffness after a burn. Increased scar stiffness is indicative of pathologic scarring which is associated with persistent pain, chronic itch and restricted range of movement. Fifty-five participants with a total of 96 scars and 69 contralateral normal skin sites were evaluated. A unique protocol was developed to enable imaging of the raised and uneven burn scars. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability was excellent (intra-class correlation coefficient > 0.97), and test–retest reliability was good (intra-class correlation …

World-Wide Fingers Network: A Global Approach To Risk Reduction And Prevention Of Dementia, Miia Kivipelto, Francesca Mangialasche, Heather M. Snyder, Ricardo Allegri, Sandrine Andrieu, Hidenori Arai, Laura Baker, Sylvie Belleville, Henry Brodaty, Sonia M. Brucki, Ismael Calandri, Paulo Caramelli, Christopher Chen, Howard Chertkow, Effie Chew, Seong H. Choi, Neerja Chowdhary, Lucía Crivelli, Rafael De La Torre, Yifeng Du, Tarun Dua, Mark Espeland, Howard H. Feldman, Maris Hartmanis, Tobias Hartmann, Megan Heffernan, Christiani J. Henry, Chang H. Hong, Krister Hakansson, Takeshi Iwatsubo, Jee H. Jeong, Gustavo Jimenez-Maggiora, Edward H. Khoo, Lenore J. Launer, Jenni Lehtisalo, Francisco Lopera, Pablo Martinez-Lage, Ralph Martins, Lefkos Middleton, Jose L. Molinuevo, Manuel Montero-Odasso, So Y. Moon, Kristal Morales-Perez, Ricardo Nitrini, Haakon B. Nygaard, Yoo K. Park, Markku Peltonen, Chengxuan Qiu, Yakeel T. Quiroz, Rema Raman, Naren Rao, Vijayalakshmi Ravindranath, Anna Rosenberg, Takashi Sakurai, Rosa M. Salinas, Philip Scheltens, Gustavo Sevlever, Hilkka Soininen, Ana L. Sosa, Claudia K. Suemoto, Mikel Tainta-Cuezva, Lina Velilla, Yongxiang Wang, Rachel Whitmer, Xin Xu, Lisa J. Bain, Alina Solomon, Tiia Ngandu, Maria C. Carrillo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Alzheimer's Association Reducing the risk of dementia can halt the worldwide increase of affected people. The multifactorial and heterogeneous nature of late-onset dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), indicates a potential impact of multidomain lifestyle interventions on risk reduction. The positive results of the landmark multidomain Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) support such an approach. The World-Wide FINGERS (WW-FINGERS), launched in 2017 and including over 25 countries, is the first global network of multidomain lifestyle intervention trials for dementia risk …

Test-Retest Reliability Of Fmri-Measured Brain Activity During Decision Making Under Risk, Ozlem Korucuoglu, Michael P. Harms, Serguei V. Astafiev, James T. Kennedy, Semyon Golosheykin, Deanna M. Barch, Andrey P. Anokhin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neural correlates of decision making under risk are being increasingly utilized as biomarkers of risk for substance abuse and other psychiatric disorders, treatment outcomes, and brain development. This research relies on the basic assumption that fMRI measures of decision making represent stable, trait-like individual differences. However, reliability needs to be established for each individual construct. Here we assessed long-term test-retest reliability (TRR) of regional brain activations related to decision making under risk using the Balloon Analogue Risk Taking task (BART) and identified regions with good TRRs and familial influences, an important prerequisite for the use of fMRI measures in genetic …

Impact Of Vancomycin-Induced Changes In The Intestinal Microbiota On The Pharmacokinetics Of Simvastatin, Jung Sunwoo, Sang Chun Ji, Andrew Hyoungjin Kim, Kyung-Sang Yu, Joo-Youn Cho, In-Jin Jang, Seunghwan Lee

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of drugs are affected in several ways by interactions with microbiota. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oral vancomycin on the gut microbiota and, consequently, on the PKs of simvastatin. An open-label, single arm, sequential crossover study was conducted in six healthy Korean male subjects. After 6 days on a control diet, simvastatin 40 mg was orally administered to the subjects before and after 1 week of oral vancomycin treatment. Blood samples for PK analysis and fecal samples for metagenomic and metabolomic analyses were collected. After vancomycin treatment, the richness of …

The Society For Immunotherapy Of Cancer Consensus Statement On Immunotherapy For The Treatment Of Multiple Myeloma, Nina Shah, Ravi Vij, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Outcomes in multiple myeloma (MM) have improved dramatically in the last two decades with the advent of novel therapies including immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs), proteasome inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. In recent years, immunotherapy for the treatment of MM has advanced rapidly, with the approval of new targeted agents and monoclonal antibodies directed against myeloma cell-surface antigens, as well as maturing data from late stage trials of chimeric antigen receptor CAR T cells. Therapies that engage the immune system to treat myeloma offer significant clinical benefits with durable responses and manageable toxicity profiles, however, the appropriate use of these immunotherapy agents can …

Utstein Recommendation For Emergency Stroke Care, A. Rudd, P. Panagos, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Recent advances in treatment for stroke give new possibilities for optimizing outcomes. To deliver these prehospital care needs to become more efficient.

AIM: To develop a framework to support improved delivery of prehospital care. The recommendations are aimed at clinicians involved in prehospital and emergency health systems who will often not be stroke specialists but need clear guidance as to how to develop and deliver safe and effective care for acute stroke patients.

METHODS: Building on the successful implementation program from the Global Resuscitation Alliance and the Resuscitation Academy, the Utstein methodology was used to define a generic chain …

On The Nature Of Monozygotic Twin Concordance And Discordance For Autistic Trait Severity: A Quantitative Analysis, Lauren Castelbaum, Chad M Sylvester, Yi Zhang, Qiongru Yu, John N Constantino

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The characterizing features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are continuously distributed in nature; however, prior twin studies have not systematically incorporated this knowledge into estimations of concordance and discordance. We conducted a quantitative analysis of twin-twin similarity for autistic trait severity in three existing data sets involving 366 pairs of uniformly-phenotyped monozygotic (MZ) twins with and without ASD. Probandwise concordance for ASD was 96%; however, MZ trait correlations differed markedly for pairs with ASD trait burden below versus above the threshold for clinical diagnosis, with R

Transcriptomes From German Shepherd Dogs Reveal Differences In Immune Activity Between Atopic Dermatitis Affected And Control Skin, K Tengvall, K Bergvall, M Olsson, B Ardesjö-Lundgren, F H G Farias, M Kierczak, Å Hedhammar, K Lindblad-Toh, G Andersson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an inflammatory and pruritic allergic skin disease with both genetic and environmental risk factors described. We performed mRNA sequencing of non-lesional axillary skin biopsies from nine German shepherd dogs. Obtained RNA sequences were mapped to the dog genome (CanFam3.1) and a high-quality skin transcriptome was generated with 23,510 expressed gene transcripts. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were defined by comparing three controls to five treated CAD cases. Using a leave-one-out analysis, we identified seven DEGs: five known to encode proteins with functions related to an activated immune system (CD209, CLEC4G, LOC102156842 (lipopolysaccharide-binding protein-like), LOC480601 (regakine-1-like), LOC479668 …

Laboratory Analysis Techniques For The Perinatal Microbiome: Implications For Studies Of Probiotic Interventions, Emily Malloy, Ashley Kates, Lauren Watson, Leona Vandevusse, Nasia Safdar, Lisa Hanson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The microbiome is composed of many organisms and is impacted by an intricate exchange between genetics and environmental factors. The perinatal microbiome influences both the developing fetus and the pregnant person. The purpose of this article is to describe the tests that are currently available for laboratory analysis of the perinatal microbiome in relationship to probiotic interventions. This article focuses on the bacterial component of the microbiome. Although adverse outcomes associated with the perinatal microbiome have been studied, a comprehensive understanding of the physiologic perinatal microbiome is still emerging. Early efforts to influence the perinatal microbiome through probiotics are currently …

Low Yield Of Hepatitis C Infection In An Outreach Screening Program In Harris County, Texas, Hyun-Seok Kim, Rosalia Guerrero, Shane W Reader, Maria Daheri, Maya Balakrishnan, Catherine L Troisi, Hashem B El-Serag, Aaron P Thrift

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

A community outreach hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection screening program provided low yield of detecting HCV-infected patients, linking them to our hepatology clinic for treatment. Our data underscore that most of the yield was related to addiction centers and birth cohort; these groups should be targeted by future interventions.

Renal Trajectory Patterns Are Associated With Postdischarge Mortality In Patients With Cirrhosis And Acute Kidney Injury, Ayse L Mindikoglu, Ruben Hernaez, Yan Liu, Jennifer R Kramer, Thomas Taylor, Abbas Rana, Fasiha Kanwal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Little is known about long-term outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with cirrhosis. Outcomes can vary with stage of AKI, chronic kidney disease, and trajectory of renal function.

METHODS: We collected data from the Department of Veterans Affairs and identified 6917 patients with cirrhosis who developed AKI during hospitalization at any of its 127 hospitals, from 2004 through 2014. We used latent class analysis of serial creatinine measurements during the index hospitalization to determine trajectories of renal function.

RESULTS: Overall, 32% of patients died within 90 days of discharge from the hospital and 48% of …

Association Analysis Of Driver Gene-Related Genetic Variants Identified Novel Lung Cancer Susceptibility Loci With 20,871 Lung Cancer Cases And 15,971 Controls, Yuzhuo Wang, Olga Y Gorlova, Ivan P Gorlov, Meng Zhu, Juncheng Dai, Demetrius Albanes, Stephen Lam, Adonina Tardon, Chu Chen, Gary E Goodman, Stig E Bojesen, Maria Teresa Landi, Mattias Johansson, Angela Risch, Heunz-Erich Wichmann, Heike Bickeboller, David C Christiani, Gad Rennert, Susanne M Arnold, Paul Brennan, John K Field, Sanjay Shete, Loïc Le Marchand, Olle Melander, Hans Brunnstrom, Geoffrey Liu, Rayjean J Hung, Angeline S Andrew, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Shanbeh Zienolddiny, Kjell Grankvist, Mikael Johansson, Neil E Caporaso, Penella J Woll, Philip Lazarus, Matthew B Schabath, Melinda C Aldrich, Victoria L Stevens, Hongxia Ma, Guangfu Jin, Zhibin Hu, Christopher I Amos, Hongbing Shen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: A substantial proportion of cancer driver genes (CDG) are also cancer predisposition genes. However, the associations between genetic variants in lung CDGs and the susceptibility to lung cancer have rarely been investigated.

METHODS: We selected expression-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (eSNP) and nonsynonymous variants of lung CDGs, and tested their associations with lung cancer risk in two large-scale genome-wide association studies (20,871 cases and 15,971 controls of European descent). Conditional and joint association analysis was performed to identify independent risk variants. The associations of independent risk variants with somatic alterations in lung CDGs or recurrently altered pathways were investigated using data …

Spatial Analysis Of Factors Associated With Hiv Infection In Malawi: Indicators For Effective Prevention, Jerry John Nutor, Henry Ofori Duah, Pascal Agbadi, Precious Adade Duodu, Kaboni W. Gondwe

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

The objective of this study was to model the predictors of HIV prevalence in Malawi through a complex sample logistic regression and spatial mapping approach using the national Demographic and Health Survey datasets.

Methods

We conducted a secondary data analysis using the 2015–2016 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey and AIDS Indicator Survey. The analysis was performed in three stages while incorporating population survey sampling weights to: i) interpolate HIV data, ii) identify the spatial clusters with the high prevalence of HIV infection, and iii) perform a multivariate complex sample logistic regression.

Results

In all, 14,779 participants were included in …

Disease And Treatment Patterns Among Patients With Pouch-Related Conditions In A Cohort Of Large Tertiary Care Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centers In The United States, Edward L Barnes, Laura Raffals, Millie D Long, Gaurav Syal, Maia Kayal, Ashwin Ananthakrishnan, Benjamin Cohen, Joel Pekow, Parakkal Deepak, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Hans H Herfarth, Robert S Sandler

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Gaps exist in our understanding of the clinical course of pouch-related disorders.

METHODS: We evaluated baseline disease activity and longitudinal treatment patterns among patients with inflammatory conditions of the pouch.

RESULTS: Among 468 patients with an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), 94 (20%) had acute pouchitis, 96 (21%) had chronic pouchitis, and 192 (41%) had Crohn disease of the pouch. Following an IPAA, 38% of patients were treated with a biologic and 11% underwent inflammatory bowel disease- or bowel-related surgery.

CONCLUSIONS: Treatment patterns after IPAA indicate that pouch-related disorders have a significant impact on individual patients and the healthcare system.

The Effects Of Two Modes Of High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise On Postprandial Metabolism, David J. Buckley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to see if exercise in the form of Tabata or Sprinting would lower postprandial lipemia and glycemia. Tabata was composed of body-weight exercises. Both Tabata and Sprinting consisted of 5 rounds with each round lasting 4 minutes and included movements performed for 20 seconds followed by 10sec of rest. Following the completion of each round, participants received a 60 second break. Both exercise sessions were isocaloric and lasted 25min. Thirty minutes following exercise, participants were given a 75g-oral glucose solution and a high-fat meal two hours following exercise. The postprandial assessment lasted 6 hours. …

Combined Lenvatinib And Pembrolizumab As Salvage Therapy In Advanced Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma, Sara Bedrose, Kevin Charles Miller, Lina Altameemi, Mohamed S Ali, Sameh Nassar, Naveen Garg, Marilyne Daher, Keith D Eaton, Jeffrey Thomas Yorio, Davey B Daniel, Matthew Campbell, Keith C Bible, Mabel Ryder, Ashish V Chintakuntlawar, Mouhammed Amir Habra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: There is no effective systemic therapy for metastatic adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy. The efficacies of single-agent oral multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) or salvage immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have been very limited. It is unknown whether combining CPIs, such as pembrolizumab (PEM), with other therapies, such as MKIs, could yield higher response rates in ACC, yet this combination has shown promise in other cancers. Herein, we describe the first case series using PEM in combination with the MKI lenvatinib (LEN) in patients with progressive, metastatic ACC.

METHODS: A retrospective case series describing the use of LEN/PEM …

Glycemic Control And Infections Among Us Hemodialysis Patients With Diabetes Mellitus, Jinnie J Rhee, Yuanchao Zheng, Sai Liu, Maria E Montez-Rath, Richard J Hamill, Julie H Ishida, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) on hemodialysis (HD) may be particularly vulnerable to infections.

METHODS: We used merged data from the United States Renal Data System and electronic health records data from a large US dialysis provider to retrospectively examine the association between glycemic control and infections in these patients. Adult patients with DM aged ≥18 years who initiated in-center maintenance HD treatment from 2006 to 2011 and survived >90 days were included. Quarterly mean time-averaged hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values were categorized into

RESULTS: In a cohort of 33,753 eligible patients, those with higher HbA1c levels had higher rates …

Diagnosis And Management Of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors: Current Practice And Future Perspectives, Bethany C Prudner, Tyler Ball, Richa Rathore, Angela C Hirbe

2020-Current year OA Pubs

One of the most common malignancies affecting adults with the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) cancer predisposition syndrome is the malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), a highly aggressive sarcoma that typically develops from benign plexiform neurofibromas. Approximately 8-13% of individuals with NF1 will develop MPNST during young adulthood. There are few therapeutic options, and the vast majority of people with these cancers will die within 5 years of diagnosis. Despite efforts to understand the pathogenesis of these aggressive tumors, the overall prognosis remains dismal. This manuscript will review the current understanding of the cellular and molecular progression of MPNST, diagnostic …

Burden-Of-Illness Associated With Bleeding-Related Hospitalizations In Atrial Fibrillation Patients: Findings From The Nationwide Readmission Database, Benjamin Miao, Monique Miller, Belinda Lovelace, Anne Beaubrun, Kelly Mcneil-Posey, Mark J Alberts, William Frank Peacock, Olivia S Costa, Charles Michael White, Craig I Coleman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction  A paucity of contemporary data examining bleeding-related hospitalization outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients exists.

Methods  Adults in the Nationwide Readmissions Database (January 2016–November 2016) with AF and hospitalized for intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or other bleeding were identified. Association between bleed types and outcomes were assessed using multivariable regression (gastrointestinal defined as referent) and reported as crude incidences and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results  In total, 196,878 index bleeding-related hospitalizations were identified in this AF cohort (CHA2DS2VASc score ≥2 in 95.1%), with 70.8% classified as gastrointestinal. The overall incidences …

Correction: Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Ranging Trial Of Intravenous Ketamine As Adjunctive Therapy In Treatment-Resistant Depression (Trd), Maurizio Fava, Marlene P Freeman, Martina Flynn, Heidi Judge, Bettina B Hoeppner, Cristina Cusin, Dawn F Ionescu, Sanjay J Mathew, Lee C Chang, Dan V Iosifescu, James Murrough, Charles Debattista, Alan F Schatzberg, Madhukar H Trivedi, Manish K Jha, Gerard Sanacora, Samuel T Wilkinson, George I Papakostas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Numerous placebo-controlled studies have demonstrated the ability of ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, to induce rapid (within hours), transient antidepressant effects when administered intravenously (IV) at subanesthetic doses (0.5 mg/kg over 40 min). However, the optimal antidepressant dose remains unknown. We aimed to compare to active placebo the rapid acting antidepressant properties of a broad range of subanesthetic doses of IV ketamine among outpatients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). A range of IV ketamine doses were compared to active placebo in the treatment of adult TRD over a 3-day period following a single infusion over 40 min. This was an outpatient …

Etiology Of Lumbosacral Radiculoplexopathy: Sacral Insufficiency Fracture On Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Christian Geannette, Susan C Lee, Darryl B Sneag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Sacral insufficiency fracture (SIF) can cause lumbosacral radiculoplexopathy (LSRP) and is probably under-recognized. Symptoms may include nonspecific lumbar spine or buttock pain that is exacerbated by physical activity and alleviated with rest. The frequency of LSRP secondary to SIF has not been reported.

QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We aimed to determine the frequency of LSRP associated with SIF using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar spine.

METHODS: We searched a radiology database at our institution using the keywords "sacral insufficiency fracture" and "lumbar spine MRI" for patient records from January 2014 through December 2017. We assessed for the presence of LSRP, …

Rna-Gps Predicts High-Resolution Rna Subcellular Localization And Highlights The Role Of Splicing, Kevin E Wu, Kevin R Parker, Furqan M Fazal, Howard Y Chang, James Zou

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Subcellular localization is essential to RNA biogenesis, processing, and function across the gene expression life cycle. However, the specific nucleotide sequence motifs that direct RNA localization are incompletely understood. Fortunately, new sequencing technologies have provided transcriptome-wide atlases of RNA localization, creating an opportunity to leverage computational modeling. Here we present RNA-GPS, a new machine learning model that uses nucleotide-level features to predict RNA localization across eight different subcellular locations-the first to provide such a wide range of predictions. RNA-GPS's design enables high-throughput sequence ablation and feature importance analyses to probe the sequence motifs that drive localization prediction. We find localization …