Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Structure And Mechanism Of A Unique Diiron Center In Mammalian Stearoyl-Coa Desaturase, Jiemin Shen, Gang Wu, Ah-Lim Tsai, Ming Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a membrane-embedded metalloenzyme that catalyzes formation of a double-bond on a saturated acyl-CoA. SCD1 has a diiron center and its proper function requires an electron transport chain composed of NADH (or NADPH), cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R), and cytochrome b5 (cyt b5). Since SCD1 is a key regulator in fat metabolism and is required for survival of cancer cells, there is intense interest in targeting SCD1 for various metabolic diseases and cancers. Crystal structures of human and mouse SCD1 were reported recently, however, both proteins have two zinc ions instead of two iron ions in the …

A Survey Of Dermatology Residents And Program Directors Assessing The Transition To Dermatology Residency, Christina Hopkins, Omid Jalali, Danielle Guffey, Harry Dao

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The transition from internship to residency is a critical period for trainees. This study investigated factors that influence the transition of residents from postgraduate year 1 (PGY-1) to dermatology residency. In June 2019, a program director–specific survey and a resident-oriented survey were administered via Survey Monkey. An email containing survey hyperlinks was sent via the Association of Professors of Dermatology Listserv to program directors, who were asked to forward the email to their current trainees. A total of 44 dermatology residents and 33 program directors responded. More than 58% of program directors identified a preliminary year in internal medicine as …

Teaching Diagnostic Reasoning To Faculty Using An Assessment For Learning Tool: Training The Trainer, Adam Cohen, Moushumi Sur, Martin Weisse, Kathryn Moffett, Jeffrey Lancaster, Renee Saggio, Geeta Singhal, Satid Thammasitboon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: There is a need for a standardized approach to understand and assess clinical reasoning in medical learners. The Assessment of Reasoning Tool was developed based on prevalent theories and frameworks using a multidisciplinary expert panel. As the tool provides a standardized rubric for assessing clinical reasoning, we designed an interactive train-the-trainer workshop for clinical educators and education leaders interested in improving their teaching skills and/or introducing curricula surrounding diagnostic reasoning.

METHODS: In this workshop, participants were exposed to the major domains of diagnostic reasoning and how to apply it to the assessment of a learner's skills. Kolb's experiential learning …

Registered Nurses’ Self-Assessment Of Their Clinical Leadership Knowledge And Competence, Valerie Wright, Diane Whitehead, Corinne Romano

Journal of Excellence in Nursing and Healthcare Practice

Clinical nurses play an important role in the healthcare team. The practice question for this Doctor of Nursing Practice project explored the perceptions of RNs about their clinical leadership knowledge and competencies at a 160-bed rehabilitation hospital in a metropolitan city in the southeast United States. Thirty RNs completed the following three surveys: an 8-question clinical leadership knowledge assessment, a 17-question leadership competency assessment, and a 6-question emotional intelligence self-assessment. Fifty percent or more of clinical nurses believed that they were knowledgeable in identified components of clinical leadership. The leadership competency skills assessment revealed a wide range: from 3–6% of …

Effects Of Caffeinated And Non-Caffeinated Gum On Premotor, Motor, And Overall Reaction Time, Ashton E. Holliday, Maelee A. Wells, Rebecca R. Rogers, Joseph A. Pederson, Tyler Williams, Christopher G. Ballmann

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

• Chewing gum and caffeine when used independently and concurrently increase neural activity ultimately improving reaction time but less is known about how caffeinated gum influences distinct phases of the reaction time response.
• Physically active college females (n=14) completed a 60-second reaction time test on a visuomotor board under the following counterbalanced conditions: 1) Baseline, 2) Non-caffeinated gum, 3) Caffeinated gum (300 mg caffeine).
• Point of application #1: Chewing gum improved premotor reaction time compared to baseline, but caffeine did not provide additional benefit.
• Point of application #2: Neither non-caffeinated nor caffeinated gum improved motor reaction times from baseline.
• Point of …

Hydroxychloroquine And Azithromycin As A Treatment Of Covid- 19: Electrocardiogram Variability, Amal El Ouarradi, Salma Abdeladim, Sara Oualim, Llham Bensahi, Sara Hafid, Hamza Tazi, Mahassine Elharras, Rita Aniq Filali, Abdelhamid Nailhou, El Arbi Bouaiti, Abdelhamid Moustaghfir, Mohamed Sabry

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

During the COVID 19 pandemic, the effectiveness of the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin is widely discussed. This treatment can cause many severe cardiac side effects that makes us discuss its utility.

The aim of this study is to describe the cardiovascular effect of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin by analyzing surface ECG in patients with COVID 19.

Methods: This observational cohort study included Moroccan patients with COVID 19 diagnosis and were hospitalized in Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco between March 26 and April 20, 2020.Patients were treated with a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin over a period of at …

Barriers And Facilitators Of Parent Engagement With Health Promotion In Child Care: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation, Courtney T. Luecking, Phillip Dobson, Dianne S. Ward

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Early care and education providers cite lack of parent engagement as a central barrier to promoting healthy behaviors among young children. However, little research exists about factors influencing parent engagement with promoting healthy eating and activity behaviors in the this setting.

AIMS: This study aimed to address this gap by examining low and high parent engagement with the Healthy Me, Healthy We campaign to identify barriers and facilitators of parent engagement with the intervention.

METHOD: This comparative case study used an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach. We created center-level parent engagement scores using process evaluation data from the effectiveness trial …

2020-08-20_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Uni Covid Response Team, August 20, 2020, University Of Northern Iowa

UNI Response to COVID-19

An announcement of the members of the UNI COVID Response Team that will provide oversight for tracking cases on campus and develop responses to increases in cases.

2020-08-20_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

2020-08-20_Michiganoverview_Covidoutbreak, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports

The Outbreak Data page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163_98173_102057---,00.html.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health & Human Services from data self-reported by local health departments. Data is updated every week.

COVID-19 outbreaks are generally defined as two or more cases with a link by place and time indicating a shared exposure outside of a household. Local health departments report the number of new and ongoing outbreaks they are investigating by the setting of the outbreak. New outbreaks are those outbreaks that were first identified during the current reporting week. Ongoing outbreaks are …

2020-08-20_Michiganoverview_Covidlongtermcare, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Long Term Care Data

The COVID Long Term Care Facilities page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163_98173-526911--,00.html.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health & Human Services from data self-reported by long-term care facilities into EMResource. Data is updated on an ongoing basis.

The data below represents a cumulative total of confirmed COVID-19 resident cases, cumulative total of suspected and confirmed resident deaths, cumulative total of confirmed COVID-19 staff cases, and cumulative total of suspected and confirmed staff deaths reported by SNFs in Michigan since January 1, 2020. Case numbers are provisional and may change as facilities correct …

2020-08-20_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https:/www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163-520743--,00.html.

This report is provisional and subject to change. City of Detroit and Wayne County are reported separately. MDHHS began tracking probable cases April 5, 2020. FCI indicates federal correctional institute. MDOC indicates Michigan Department of Corrections. Diagnostic tests, including nucleic acid amplification/real-time polymerase chain reaction (NAAT/RT-PCR) and rapid virus antigen detection point of care (POC) tests, look for current infection. Serology (antibody) tests are used to look for the possibility of previous infection.
Source: Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) and Vital Records

The website contained the tables …

What’S In Wildfire Smoke, And Why Is It So Bad For Your Lungs?, Luke Montrose

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

If I dare to give the coronavirus credit for anything, I would say it has made people more conscious of the air they breathe.

A friend texted me recently after going for a jog in the foothills near Boise, Idaho, writing: “My lungs are burning … explain what’s happening!!!”

A wildfire was burning to the east of town – one of hundreds of fires that were sending smoke and ash through communities in hot, dry western states. As an environmental toxicologist, I research how air pollution, particularly wood smoke, impacts human health and disease.

More On Covid-19 In Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases., Farren B. S. Briggs, Milena A. Gianfrancesco, Michaela F. George

Global Public Health | Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Ethically Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy In Pediatric Populations, Tommie L. James Iii

Theses and Graduate Projects

Vaccines are highly regarded in the scientific and medical community for their efficacy in the prevention of disease; yet the prevalence of misinformation and mistrust surrounding vaccines is growing in communities around the world. Specifically observed in the United States (US) as an increase in vaccination exemption rates, this trend of vaccine hesitancy is leading to an increasing number of parents and caregivers to either refuse or delay vaccinations from the recommended schedule. As a result, an increasing number of outbreaks of diseases such as measles and pertussis, thought to be on the verge of elimination, have spiked. While health …

A Literature Review: An Analysis Of The Widespread Effects Of Solitary Confinement/Social Isolation On Mental Illness And Mortality, Taneasha Muonio

Theses and Graduate Projects

Solitary confinement or isolation is widespread globally and has been used as a form of punishment, reform, reflection, and cleansing throughout time. The devastating impacts of not having social interactions for extended periods of time have been documented and noted.1 These impacts include severe mental health disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicide, motor disturbances, biological changes, and increased mortality.1-3 The analysis of how the United States became the country with the largest prison system and mentally ill population is addressed in this thesis including understanding how the prison-industrial complex was built. Understanding how …

Hdac6 Mediates Macrophage Inos Expression And Excessive Nitric Oxide Production In The Blood During Endotoxemia, Yan Wang, Ke Wang, Jian Fu

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Excessive nitric oxide (NO) production and NO-mediated nitrative stress contribute to vascular dysfunction, inflammation, and tissue injury in septic shock. New therapeutic targets are urgently needed to provide better control of NO level during septic shock. In the present study, we investigated the role of HDAC6 in the regulation of NO production and nitrative stress in a mouse model of endotoxin-induced septic shock. HDAC6 deficient mice and a specific HDAC6 inhibitor were utilized in our studies. Our data clearly indicate that HDAC6 is an important mediator of NO production in macrophages. HDAC6 mediates NO production through the regulation of iNOS …

2020-08-20_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

The webpage was obtained from Michigan's Coronavirus Cumulative Data page, under the link Data About Places. Data is self-reported by hospitals daily to the EM Resource System per MDHHS Director Robert Gordon's Emergency Order.

Contains the tables Statewide Hospital Capacity Report for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Hospital Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19, as well as the tables PPE Days On Hand and Patient Census.

Medical Providers’ Knowledge, Beliefs And Attitudes In The Effectiveness Of The Centers Of Disease Control And Prevention 2016 Guideline For Prescribing Opioids For Chronic Pain, Maria Adamian

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Statement of Problem: Opioid epidemic in United States has been, in part, linked to prescribing practices of practitioners who treat chronic pain. The increase in morbidity and mortality associated with widespread prescription of opioid pain relievers (OPRs) has been the driving force in the reassessment of clinical prescribing guidelines. Given the enormity and urgency of the problem, in 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) introduced guidelines for prescribing opioids to chronic noncancer pain to primary care practitioners. The introduction of the clinical guidelines sparked much concerns from providers and activist groups. There is little known in the …

Erythema Annulare Centrifugum: A Rare Skin Manifestation Of Hashimoto Thyroiditis, Palwasha Jalil, Sadia Masood, Saira Fatima

Section of Internal Medicine

Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is an unusual skin condition appearing as recurrent erythematous annular eruptions associated with autoimmune disorders, infections, and various neoplastic conditions. We present a very rarely reported association of EAC with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) in a young male. A 26-year-old male recently diagnosed as case of HT presented in the dermatology clinic with nine-month history of non-itchy persistent annular lesions on the body. The morphology and biopsy of lesions confirmed the diagnosis of EAC. HT is a part of the spectrum of autoimmune thyroid diseases with its own specific cutaneous manifestations. Our case also depicts the impact …

Evaluation And Management Of Common Anorectal Complaints, Krys Foster, Md, Mph

Department of Family & Community Medicine Presentations and Grand Rounds

Objectives:

• Review the anatomy of the rectum and anus
• Learn skills to perform an appropriate H&P for anorectal complaints
• Appreciate key diagnostic features to common anorectal diagnoses
• Recognize risk factors and red flag signs/symptoms that prompt further evaluation and possible referral

Lift, Stop, Rest, Repeat: The Potential Of ‘Cluster Sets’ As Interval Resistance Exercise For Copd, Christopher Latella

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Exercise training is often a focus of clinical rehabilitation programmes aimed at improving patient health and function and decreasing mortality rate. Demonstrated benefits extend across a plethora of chronic conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). Briefly, COPD is a progressive chronic inflammatory lung disease typically resulting from long‐term exposure to irritants (e.g. smoking) causing respiratory issues. Disease progression is often accompanied by peripheral muscle discomfort, weakness and dysfunction. Intolerable dyspnoea sensations are also common during exercise. Subsequently, exercise tolerance and health‐related quality of life are severely reduced in COPD patients leading to morbidity and ultimately mortality. As such, exercise …

All-Cause Mortality In Metabolically Healthy Individuals Was Not Predicted By Overweight And Obesity, Qiuyue Tian, Anxin Wang, Yingting Zuo, Shuohua Chen, Haifeng Hou, Wei Wang, Shouling Wu, Youxin Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND

Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically healthy overweight (MH-OW) have been suggested to be important and emerging phenotypes with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, whether MHO and MH-OW are associated with all-cause mortality remains inconsistent.

METHODS The association of MHO and MH-OW and all-cause mortality was determined in a Chinese community-based prospective cohort study (the Kailuan study), including 93,272 adults at baseline. Data were analyzed from 2006 to 2017. Participants were categorized into 6 mutually exclusive groups, according to BMI and metabolic syndrome (MetS) status. The primary outcome was all-cause death, and accidental deaths were excluded. …

Survey Of Barbell Trajectory And Kinematics Of The Snatch Lift From The 2015 World And 2017 Pan-American Weightlifting Championships, Aaron Cunanan, W. G. Hornsby, Mark A. South, Kristina P. Ushakova, Satoshi Mizuguchi, Kimitake Sato, Kyle C. Pierce, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

Analysis of elite performances is important to elucidate the characteristics of effective weightlifting technique contributing to the highest level of achievement. The general technique of the weightlifting movements is well established. However, it is also apparent that weightlifting technique can differ based on athlete characteristics. Thus, existing technical models may not accurately reflect current technique of top performers or be applied generically to athletes of different skill, size, sex, or ability. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptive study was to update the scientific knowledge of snatch technique of top international weightlifters. This study used video analysis to determine barbell trajectory …

Epidemiology Of Enforcing Travel Restrictions In Us Peninsular Regions During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kathleen Kelly, Sebastian Coupe, Cynthia Kelly

Florida Public Health Review

No abstract provided.

Adherence To Hiv Antiretroviral Therapy Among Pregnant And Postpartum Women During The Option B+ Era: 12-Month Cohort Study In Urban South Africa And Rural Uganda, Lynn T. Matthews, Catherine Orrell, Mwebesa B. Bwana, Alexander C. Tsai, Christina A. Psaros, Stephen Asiimwe, Gideon Amanyire, Nicholas Musinguzi, Kathleen Bell, David Bangsberg, Jessica E. Haberer

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: We conducted a cohort study to understand patterns of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence during pregnancy, postpartum and non-pregnancy follow-up among women initiating ART in public clinics offering Option B+ in rural Uganda and urban South Africa. Methods: We collected survey data, continuously monitored ART adherence (Wisepill), HIV-RNA and pregnancy tests at zero, six and twelve months from women initiating ART in Uganda and South Africa, 2015 to 2017. The primary predictor of interest was follow-up time categorized as pregnant (pregnancy diagnosis to pregnancy end), postpartum (pregnancy end to study exit) or non-pregnancy-related (neither pregnant nor postpartum). Fractional regression …

A Method To Measure The Partitioning Coefficient Of Volatile Organic Compounds In Nanoparticles, Guiying Rao, Jeonghyeon Ahn, Abigail Evans, Michelle Casey, Eric P. Vejerano

Faculty Publications

The partitioning behavior of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into nanoparticles is less studied compared to those of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) because of the lower concentration of the VOCs that is expected to partition into particles. One challenge in measuring the accurate partition coefficient of VOCs is quantifying their low mass fraction that sorbed on nanoparticles and differentiating them from the high VOC concentrations present in the gas-phase. Systematically characterizing the partitioning coefficient at a specific environmental condition is also difficult when sampling in the field. During field sampling, thermal and non-thermal issues such as sampling artifacts and non-equilibrium conditions …

“Elderly” Seniors Vs. “Youthful” Seniors: Attributions And Reshaping Of Aging Expectations, Johnny Julvesano Yao Jr.

The Qualitative Report

People’s expectations of aging are shaped by various sources and experiences. These aging expectations subsequently influence a person’s overall health and well-being. I intended to gain a deeper understanding of the various sources by which Filipino older adults attribute and reshape negative and positive expectations regarding aging. I used a multiple case study (Creswell, 2013) and enlisted eight participants who are 60 years old and older in a large metropolitan area in the Philippines and interviewed them regarding their aging expectations. I analyzed the data using cross-case analysis for comparison of commonalities and differences in the events, activities, and processes …

Awareness Of Dying And Conflict Resolution: Texas Asian Perspectives, Gloria Duke Phd, Rn, Charlotte Wool Phd, Rn, Lobsang Tenzing Rn, Bsn

The Qualitative Report

Individuals in the end-of-life (EOL) period may not be fully aware of their prognosis or know they are facing a terminal illness. As Asian beliefs and cultural tendencies intersect with Western values, health care practitioners may find their assumptions about disclosing an EOL prognosis differs from patients and their family members. Disagreements among family members regarding the disclosure of EOL to their terminally ill loved one can result in conflict—making difficult and sensitive times more burdensome. Little scientific evidence is known about first generation Asians who live in the United States (US) regarding their practices with disclosing EOL and how …