Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Program Evaluation Of Violence Prevention Task Force To Address Type Ii Workplace Violence Utilizing Precede/Proceed Model, Stephanie Autry

Doctors of Nursing Practice (DNP) Final Projects, 2020-current

Aim: The primary aim of this project was to complete a program evaluation of the institution’s Violence Prevention Task Force. Evaluation allowed for assessment of outcomes including 1). decrease in assaultive incidents; 2). decrease in assaults leading to injury; 3). increase in team member reporting of assaultive incidents; and 4). demonstrate the program’s adherence to published guidelines on workplace violence prevention.

Background: Violence against healthcare workers has been an increasing problem in our nation’s healthcare system. Type II workplace violence is defined as patient, family member, or visitor as the perpetrator directing violent/aggressive behavior towards healthcare worker and is described …

Facemasks For Source Control: Testing Influenza Transfer To Bedside Tables, Adriane M. Biggio

Doctors of Nursing Practice (DNP) Final Projects, 2020-current

Abstract

The idea of using facemasks for source control is not new. The concept has been published since 1918 during the Spanish Flu. However, there is limited research testing human subjects on the effectiveness of facemasks in preventing influenza transfer or transmission. The objective of this study was to answer the question, “In influenza-positive Veterans, what is the effect of facemask wearing in comparison to not wearing a facemask on influenza transfer to bedside tables measured for two hours per condition over a ten-week time frame during the 2019/2020 influenza season?” A quasi-experimental evidence-based project pilot study design was used. …

Postpartum Depression: Educating The Provider And Staff About The Importance Of Screening, Referrals, Follow-Up And Adherence To The Maternal Mental Health Safety Bundle Toolkit, Natalie Regis

Doctors of Nursing Practice (DNP) Final Projects, 2020-current

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) affects approximately 10%-20% of women after childbirth. PPD is a disabling condition that can have serious health implications on mothers and their infants. Experts estimated that only 50% of women with PPD are diagnosed. Lack of education about screening practices can cause the disorder to go undiagnosed and untreated.

Purpose: The purposes of this quality improvement (QI) project were 1). To increase the provider and staff knowledge about the importance of screening with the implementation of a standardized screening tool 2). To increase PPD screening rates to 100% 3). To increase appropriate referrals to mental …

Pulling Heart Strings: Quality Improvement Algorithm For Temporary Epicardial Pacing Wire Removal Post Cardiac Surgery, Jessica Norman

Doctors of Nursing Practice (DNP) Final Projects, 2020-current

The placement of temporary epicardial pacing wires (TEPW) is considered standard practice post cardiac surgery and is dependent on the patient’s cardiac function intra-operatively and their electrophysiologic profile after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (Reade, 2007; Elmistekawy et al, 2016). Complications associated with TEPW removal include myocardial damage, infection, perforation, tamponade, disruption of anastomoses, ventricular arrythmias, and death (Bojar, 2009; Carroll et al, 1998;Timothy & Rodeman, 2004). Currently there is no standard practice on the removal of TEPW and there is wide variation in removal practices involving patients who are routinely on medications such as dual antiplatelet therapies and systemic anticoagulation. …

Beyond Low-Earth Orbit: Characterizing Immune And Microrna Differentials Following Simulated Deep Spaceflight Conditions In Mice, Amber M. Paul, Margareth Cheng-Campbell, Elizabeth A. Blaber, Sulekha Anand, Sharmila Bhattacharya

Publications

Spaceflight missions can cause immune system dysfunction in astronauts with little understanding of immune outcomes in deep space. This study assessed immune responses in mice following ground-based, simulated deep spaceflight conditions, compared with data from astronauts on International Space Station missions. For ground studies, we simulated microgravity using the hindlimb unloaded mouse model alone or in combination with acute simulated galactic cosmic rays or solar particle events irradiation. Immune profiling results revealed unique immune diversity following each experimental condition, suggesting each stressor results in distinct circulating immune responses, with clear consequences for deep spaceflight. Circulating plasma microRNA sequence analysis revealed …

Let-Dependent Low Dose And Synergistic Inhibition Of Human Angiogenesis By Charged Particles: Validation Of Mirnas That Drive Inhibition, Amber M. Paul, Yen-Ruh Wuu, Burong Hu, Hazeem Okunola, Elizabeth A. Blaber, Margareth Cheng-Campbell, Afshin Beheshti, Peter Grabham

Publications

Space radiation inhibits angiogenesis by two mechanisms depending on the linear energy transfer (LET). Using human 3D micro-vessel models, blockage of the early motile stage of angiogenesis was determined to occur after exposure to low LET ions (/AMU), whereas inhibition of the later stages occurs after exposure to high LET ions (>8 KeV/AMU). Strikingly, the combined effect is synergistic, detectible as low as 0.06 Gy making mixed ion space radiation more potent. Candidates for bystander transmission are microRNAs (miRNAs), and analysis on miRNA-seq data from irradiated mice shows that angiogenesis would in theory be downregulated. Further analysis of three …

The Gay Men Who Play With Their Hiv Status., Matthew I. Euzarraga

Capstones

• Since the 90’s a group of individuals known as Bug Chasers, predominately gay men have been playing a game of cat and mouse actively wanting to be caught and infected with HIV. This is a dive into the world of bug chasing.

Anti-Muc4Β Antibodies As A Novel Therapeutic Modality For The Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer, Catherine Orzechowski

Theses & Dissertations

The deregulation of cell surface glycoproteins, such as mucins, is a hallmark of many tumors of epithelial origin. The transmembrane mucin MUC4, is differentially overexpressed in several malignancies, including pancreatic, breast, ovarian, lung, cervical, and head and neck cancers. Of all the aforementioned cancers, the role of MUC4 has been the most thoroughly in pancreatic cancer (PC), which is the 4th leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. While MUC4 is undetectable in the normal or inflamed pancreas (pancreatitis), its expression progressively increases during PC progression and its higher expression correlates with poor survival. The role of MUC4 …

Investigating The Relationship Between Unavoidable, Hospital Acquired Pressure Injury And Mortality: Is Unavoidable, Hospital Acquired Pressure Injury A Signal Of Increased One-Year Mortality Risk?, Eileen Jimenez

Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the strength of the relationship between unavoidable Hospital Acquired Pressure Injury (HAPI) and increased risk of one-year mortality for patients age 55 and older who were admitted to a hospital from 2015 to 2018. A quantitative, retrospective case-control study was designed to compare demographics, comorbid conditions, pressure injury risk, and living situation of those patients that developed unavoidable HAPI and hospitalized adults with similar physiological burdens that remained injury-free. The one-year mortality for the HAPI group was 27 of 48 (56%), and 26 of 47 patients (55%) for the Control group. The …

Glycemic Variability In Patients With Stage Ii-Iii Colon Cancer, Natalie Mandolfo

Theses & Dissertations

Patients with cancer experience metabolic changes such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and glycemic variability; collectively termed malglycemia. Glycemic variability, defined as fluctuations in glucose, is a marker of metabolic instability. Higher glycemic variability is associated with adverse health outcomes in the general population and in those with diabetes. Little is known about glycemic variability in patients with cancer, especially those with solid tumor malignancies. Glycemic variability is associated with increased infection, shorter periods of remission, and higher mortality in patients with hematological cancer. This body of work describes the concept and measurement of glycemic variability to assess glycemic control in patients …

Mechanisms By Which Mnte-2-Pyp Suppresses Prostate Cancer Cell Growth, Yuxiang Zhu

Theses & Dissertations

Prostate cancer patients are often treated with radiotherapy. MnTE-2-PyP, is a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimic and a known radioprotector of normal tissues. Our recent work demonstrates that MnTE-2-PyP also inhibits prostate cancer progression with radiotherapy; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. In this thesis, we identified that MnTE-2-PyP-induced intracellular H2O2 levels are critical in inhibiting growth of prostate cancer cells. We found that MnTE-2-PyP induced protein oxidations in PC3 cells and one major group of oxidized protein targets were involved in energy metabolism. The oxidative phosphorylation rates were significantly enhanced in both PC3 and LNCaP cells with MnTE-2-PyP treatment, but mitochondrial …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - December 17, 2020, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the December 17, 2020 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• USA scientist named council member of international society
• Student’s poster on vaccinations wins infographic competition
• Faculty needed for the USA College of Medicine Primary Care Pathway Program
• Medical student studies metastatic breast cancer treatment data to improve therapeutic options
• Research aims to improve outlook for Black women with endometrial cancer
• Townsley set to retire at the end of 2020

Healthcare Workers Hospitalized With Covid-19: Outcomes From The Burden Of Covid-19 Study At The University Of Louisville Center Of Excellence For Research In Infectious Diseases [Cerid], Ruth Carrico, T'Shura S. Ali, Maria Hill, Lucia B. Puga Sanchez, Catherine M. Bryan, Dawn Balcom, Stephen P. Furmanek, Amr Aboelnasr, Julio A. Ramirez

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: On March 6, 2020, the current ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as COVID-19, reached the commonwealth of Kentucky. Within days, the first cases of infection and hospitalization were identified among healthcare workers (HCW) in Kentucky, other states in the U.S., and around the world. There is little information available regarding the impact of COVID-19 on the HCW population within this area. The objective of this study was to describe the baseline characteristics of hospitalized HCWs infected with COVID-19.

Methods: Data collection was performed as part of a retrospective study of patients hospitalized …

2020-12-17_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

Expanding The Boundaries Of Food Policy: The Turn To Equity In New York City, Nevin Cohen, Rositsa Ilieva

Publications and Research

Policymakers acknowledge that the food system is multidimensional and that social determinants affect diet-related health outcomes, yet cities have emphasized programs and policies narrowly connected to food access and nutritional health. Over the past fifteen years, the boundaries of food governance have expanded to include a wider range of issues and domains not previously considered within the purview of food policy, like labor, housing, and education policies. This paper illustrates the processes by which this shift occurs by presenting the case of New York City, which has broadened its food governance to a larger set of issues, requiring cross-sectoral initiatives …

2020-12-17_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

The webpage was obtained from Michigan's Coronavirus Cumulative Data page, under the link Hospitals. Data is self-reported by hospitals daily to the EM Resource System per MDHHS Director Robert Gordon's Emergency Order.

Contains the tables Statewide Hospital Capacity Report for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Hospital Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19, as well as the tables PPE Days On Hand and Patient Census.

2020-12-17_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https:/www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163-520743--,00.html.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled. It is updated Monday - Saturday.
This report is provisional and subject to change. City of Detroit and Wayne County are reported separately. MDHHS began tracking probable cases April 5, 2020. FCI indicates federal correctional institute. MDOC indicates Michigan Department of Corrections. Diagnostic tests, including nucleic acid amplification/real-time polymerase chain reaction (NAAT/RT-PCR) and rapid virus antigen detection point of …

Grassroots Advocacy With Tennessee Disability Coalition, Sylvia Stenger

OTD Capstone Projects

Grassroots advocacy initiative to gather family feedback and recommendations on group 4 of the Employment and Community First CHOICES Program in order to advocate for continued refinement of the ECF CHOICES Program with TennCare.

2020-12-17_Michiganoverview_Covidoutbreak, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports

The Outbreak Data page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163_98173_102057---,00.html.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health & Human Services from data self-reported by local health departments. Data is updated every week.

COVID-19 outbreaks are generally defined as two or more cases with a link by place and time indicating a shared exposure outside of a household. Local health departments report the number of new and ongoing outbreaks they are investigating by the setting of the outbreak. New outbreaks are those outbreaks that were first identified during the current reporting week. Ongoing outbreaks are …

2020-12-17_Michiganoverview_Covidvaccinestats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Vaccine Data

The COVID Vaccine Dashboard page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98178_103214-547150--,00.html.

Data is updated Monday through Saturday. Previously reported numbers of administered vaccine doses may change as new data are received. A possible lag in reporting vaccine doses will result in increases in numbers previously reported.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services Division of Immunization from data reported to the Michigan Care Improvement Registry (MCIR).

The dashboard contained the tabs Enrolled Providers, Vaccines Shipped, Doses Administered, Doses by Vaccine, and Learn More.

The public use …

The Role Of Haptic Expectations In Reaching To Grasp: From Pantomime To Natural Grasps And Back Again, Robert L. Whitwell, Nathan J. Katz, Melvyn A. Goodale, James T. Enns

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

© Copyright © 2020 Whitwell, Katz, Goodale and Enns. When we reach to pick up an object, our actions are effortlessly informed by the object’s spatial information, the position of our limbs, stored knowledge of the object’s material properties, and what we want to do with the object. A substantial body of evidence suggests that grasps are under the control of “automatic, unconscious” sensorimotor modules housed in the “dorsal stream” of the posterior parietal cortex. Visual online feedback has a strong effect on the hand’s in-flight grasp aperture. Previous work of ours exploited this effect to show that grasps are …

Neonatal Brain Metabolite Concentrations: Associations With Age, Sex, And Developmental Outcomes, Emily C. Merz, Catherine Monk, Ravi Bansal, Siddhant Sawardekar, Seonjoo Lee, Tianshu Feng, Marisa Spann, Laraine Mcdonough, Elizabeth Werner, Bradley S. Peterson

Publications and Research

Age and sex differences in brain metabolite concentrations in early life are not well under- stood. We examined the associations of age and sex with brain metabolite levels in healthy neonates, and investigated the associations between neonatal brain metabolite concentrations and developmental outcomes. Forty-one infants (36–42 gestational weeks at birth; 39% female) of predominantly Hispanic/Latina mothers (mean 18 years of age) underwent MRI scanning approximately two weeks after birth. Multiplanar chemical shift imaging was used to obtain voxel-wise maps of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine, and choline concentrations across the brain. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, a measure of …

A Descriptive Study Of Male Victims Of Sexual Assault Seen For A Sexual Assault Forensic Medical Examination, Madeleine Prince

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Ten percent of all victims who report a sexual assault (SA) are male (Department of Justice, 2013), yet there has been little research on their experiences. Further study on the unique characteristics of male SA victims is warranted. The purpose of this study is to explore, identify, and analyze variables of male SA victims who received a SA forensic medical examination (SAFME), and identify implications and areas for future research. Data from the SAFME charts were entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Male victims were compared to female victims from the same data set. …

Does Early Surgery Prevent Postoperative Icu Admission After Surgery For The Fracture Of The Hip. Nested Case Control Study Of 911 Patients, Obada Hasan, Laraib Mazhar, Umar Rabbani, Amna Rabbani, Fatima Mahmood, Shahryar Noordin

Department of Medicine

Introduction: Since most hip fractures are treated surgically, it is imperative to find an optimum fracture-to-surgery time to decrease the potential complications and enhance postoperative outcomes. In comparison to the vast plethora of literature available on surgical delay and its implications on mortality, very little, if any, research is available on the impact of delayed surgery on postoperative ICU admission. The primary objective of our study is to examine the factors influencing post-surgical ICU admission in order to work on preventive strategies to reduce the potential associated morbidity.
Material and methods: Investigators did a nested case control study in a …

Regional Trends In Birth Weight In Low- And Middle-Income Countries 2013-2018, Irene Marete, Osayame Ekhaguere, Carla M. Bann, Sherri L. Bucher, Paul Nyongesa, Archana B. Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Sarah Saleem, Robert L. Goldenberg, Shivaprasad S. Goudar

Community Health Sciences

Background: Birth weight (BW) is a strong predictor of neonatal outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare BWs between global regions (south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Central America) prospectively and to determine if trends exist in BW over time using the population-based maternal and newborn registry (MNHR) of the Global Network for Women'sand Children's Health Research (Global Network).
Methods: The MNHR is a prospective observational population-based registryof six research sites participating in the Global Network (2013-2018), within five low- and middle-income countries (Kenya, Zambia, India, Pakistan, and Guatemala) in threeglobal regions (sub-Saharan Af rica, south Asia, Central America). The …

Association Of Parity With Birthweight And Neonatal Death In Five Sites: The Global Network's Maternal Newborn Health Registry Study, Ana Garces, Wilton Perez, Margo S. Harrison, Kay S. Hwang, Tracy L. Nolen, Robert L. Goldenberg, Archana B. Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Adrien Lokangaka, Sarah Saleem

Community Health Sciences

Background: Nulliparity has been associated with lower birth weight (BW) and other adverse pregnancy outcomes, with most of the data coming from high-income countries. In this study, we examined birth weight for gestational age z-scores and neonatal (28-day) mortality in a large prospective cohort of women dated by first trimester ultrasound from multiple sites in low and middle-income countries.
Methods: Pregnant women were recruited during the first trimester of pregnancy and followed through 6 weeks postpartum from Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) sites in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Guatemala, Belagavi and Nagpur, India, and Pakistan from 2017 and …

Development Of The Global Network For Women's And Children's Health Research's Socioeconomic Status Index For Use In The Network's Sites In Low And Lower Middle-Income Countries, Archana B. Patel, Carla M. Bann, Ana L. Garces, Nancy F. Krebs, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Carl L. Bose, Sarah Saleem, Robert L. Goldenberg, Shivaprasad S. Goudar

Community Health Sciences

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is an important determinant of health globally and an important explanatory variable to assess causality in epidemiological research. The 10th Sustainable Development Goal is to reduce disparities in SES that impact health outcomes globally. It is easier to study SES in high-income countries because household income is representative of the SES. However, it is well recognized that income is poorly reported in low- and middle- income countries (LMIC) and is an unreliable indicator of SES. Therefore, there is a need for a robust index that will help to discriminate the SES of rural households in a …

Why Are The Pakistani Maternal, Fetal And Newborn Outcomes So Poor Compared To Other Low And Middle-Income Countries?, Aleha Aziz, Sarah Saleem, Tracy L. Nolen, Nousheen Akber Pradhan, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Saleem Jessani, Ana L. Garces, Patricia L. Hibberd, Janet L. Moore, Sameen Siddiqi

Community Health Sciences

Background: Pakistan has among the poorest pregnancy outcomes worldwide, significantly worse than many other low-resource countries. The reasons for these differences are not clear. In this study, we compared pregnancy outcomes in Pakistan to other low-resource countries and explored factors that might help explain these differences.
Methods: The Global Network (GN) Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) is a prospective, population-based observational study that includes all pregnant women and their pregnancy outcomes in defined geographic communities in six low-middle income countries (India, Pakistan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, Kenya, Zambia). Study staff enroll women in early pregnancy and follow-up soon after …

Interprofessional Education (Ipe) And Interprofessional Education Collaborative (Ipec) Competencies Of Clinical And Healthcare Administration Undergraduate Students, Shelly Gompf

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

The healthcare industry is dependent on the successful delivery of effective education to undergraduate healthcare students. Curriculum and instruction, experiences both inside and outside of the classroom, significantly contribute to students' successful development. A critical element for successful healthcare delivery is to continue building a sustainable culture for all healthcare workers that will increase skills for improved ethics and values, inter-disciplinary understanding of roles and responsibilities, interprofessional communication, and teamwork. One teaching approach that continues to produce positive results is interprofessional education (IPE). This teaching method, supported by the experiential learning theory, brings clinical stakeholders together to problem-solve and make …

Needs Of Individuals Living With Hepatitis Delta Virus And Their Caregivers, 2016-2019., Priyanka Kumar, Catherine Freeland, Sierra Bodor, Sean Farrell, Chari Cohen, Rosemary Frasso Phd, Msc, Cph

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a serious coinfection of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that is estimated to affect between 48 to 72 million people worldwide. Data are limited on the informational needs of people living with HDV. The Hepatitis B Foundation, a US-based nonprofit organization that provides support to people living with HBV and HDV, receives emails (queries) as part of a helpline, a service to provide information, resources, and support to people affected by HBV and HDV.

METHODS: Query content was analyzed to assess the impact of HDV at the individual level. A total of 65 HDV-related …