Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Value Proposition For Pathologists: A Population Health Approach, B. S. Ducatman, A. M. Ducatman, J. M. Crawford, M. Laposata, F. Sanfilippo

Journal Articles

© The Author(s) 2020. The transition to a value-based payment system offers pathologists the opportunity to play an increased role in population health by improving outcomes and safety as well as reducing costs. Although laboratory testing itself accounts for a small portion of health-care spending, laboratory data have significant downstream effects in patient management as well as diagnosis. Pathologists currently are heavily engaged in precision medicine, use of laboratory and pathology test results (including autopsy data) to reduce diagnostic errors, and play leading roles in diagnostic management teams. Additionally, pathologists can use aggregate laboratory data to monitor the health of …

Molecular Pathology Economics 101: An Overview Of Molecular Diagnostics Coding, Coverage, And Reimbursement A Report Of The Association For Molecular Pathology, A. N. Sireci, J. L. Patel, L. Joseph, M. C. Hiemenz, O. C. Rosca, S. K. Caughron, S. A. Thibault-Sennett, T. L. Burke, D. L. Aisner

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Long-Term Effect Of Intraocular Lens Vs Contact Lens Correction On Visual Acuity After Cataract Surgery During Infancy: A Randomized Clinical Trial, S. R. Lambert, G. Cotsonis, L. Dubois, A. Nizam, S. J. Kruger, E. E. Hartmann, D. R. Weakley, C. Drews-Botsch

Journal Articles

© 2020 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Importance: Although intraocular lenses (IOLs) are often implanted in children, little is known whether primary IOL implantation or aphakia and contact lens correction results in better long-term visual outcomes after unilateral cataract surgery during infancy. Objective: To compare long-term visual outcomes with contact lens vs IOL correction following unilateral cataract surgery during infancy. Design, Setting, and Participants: This multicenter randomized clinical trial enrolled 114 infants with a unilateral congenital cataract who underwent cataract surgery with or without primary IOL implantation between 1 and 6 months of age. Data on long-term visual outcomes …

Lessons Learned: Using The Caprini Risk Assessment Model To Provide Safe And Efficacious Thromboprophylaxis Following Hip And Knee Arthroplasty, E. S. Krauss, M. A. Cronin, N. Dengler, B. G. Simonson, P. Enker, A. Segal

Journal Articles

© The Author(s) 2020. Two of the more common potential complications after arthroplasty are venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolus (PE), and excess bleeding. Appropriate chemoprophylaxis choices are essential to prevent some of these adverse events and from exacerbating others. Risk stratification to prescribe safe and effective medications in the prevention of postoperative VTE has shown benefit in this regard. The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at Syosset Hospital/Northwell Health, which performs over 1200 arthroplasties annually, has validated and is using the 2013 version of the Caprini Risk Assessment Model (RAM) to stratify each patient …

Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease Patient-Associated 28-Kda Proinflammatory Il-1 Beta Fragment Results From Caspase-7 Mediated Cleavage In Vitro, S. Pathak, A. Vambutas

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

An Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere Or Systemic Fluoxetine Extend The Time To Respiratory Arrest In A Rat Model Of Obstructive Apnea, S. Mooney, R. Kollmar, R. Gurevich, J. Tromblee, A. Banerjee, K. Sundaram, J. B. Silverman, M. Stewart

Journal Articles

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Audiogenic seizure-prone mice can be protected from seizure-associated death by exposure to an oxygen atmosphere or treatment with selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). We have shown previously in a rat model that epileptic seizure activity can spread through brainstem areas to cause sufficient laryngospasm for obstructive apnea and that the period of seizure-associated obstructive apnea can last long enough for respiratory arrest to occur. We hypothesized that both the oxygen-rich atmosphere and SSRIs function by prolonging the time to respiratory arrest, thus ensuring that seizure activity stops before the point of respiratory arrest to allow recovery …

How Can We Improve Antidepressant Adherence In The Management Of Depression? A Targeted Review And 10 Clinical Recommendations., M. Solmi, A. Miola, G. Croatto, G. Pigato, A. Favaro, M. Fornaro, M. Berk, L. Smith, C. U. Correll, A. F. Carvalho, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Adherence to antidepressants is crucial for optimal treatment outcomes when treating depressive disorders. However, poor adherence is common among patients prescribed antidepressants. This targeted review summarizes the main factors associated with poor adherence, interventions that promote antidepressant adherence, pharmacological aspects related to antidepressant adherence, and formulates 10 clinical recommendations to optimize antidepressant adherence. Patient-related factors associated with antidepressant non-adherence include younger age, psychiatric and medical comorbidities, cognitive impairment, and substance use disorders. Prescriber behavior-related factors include neglecting medical and family histories, selecting poorly tolerated antidepressants, or complex antidepressant regimens. Multi-disciplinary interventions targeting both patient and prescriber, aimed at improving antidepressant …

A Primer On A Comprehensive Genetic Approach To Vascular Anomalies, A. J. Borst, T. A. Nakano, F. Blei, D. M. Adams, J. Duis

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Hrs/Ehra/Aphrs/Lahrs/Acc/Aha Worldwide Practice Update For Telehealth And Arrhythmia Monitoring During And After A Pandemic., N. Varma, N. F. Marrouche, L. Aguinaga, C. M. Albert, E. Arbelo, J. Choi, M. K. Chung, G. Conte, L. M. Epstein, P. D. Varosy, +13 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Hrs/Ehra/Aphrs/Lahrs/Acc/Aha Worldwide Practice Update For Telehealth And Arrhythmia Monitoring During And After A Pandemic., N. Varma, N. F. Marrouche, L. Aguinaga, C. M. Albert, E. Arbelo, J. Choi, M. K. Chung, G. Conte, L. M. Epstein, P. D. Varosy, +13 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Reduction In St-Segment Elevation Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Activations In The United States During Covid-19 Pandemic, S. Garcia, M. S. Albaghdadi, P. M. Meraj, C. Schmidt, R. Garberich, F. A. Jaffer, S. Dixon, J. J. Rade, M. Tannenbaum, T. D. Henry, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Inpatient Use Of Mobile Continuous Telemetry For Covid-19 Patients Treated With Hydroxychloroquine And Azithromycin, J. Gabriels, M. Saleh, D. Chang, L. M. Epstein

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Author Correction: Caspase-11 Signaling Enhances Graft-Versus-Host Disease (Nature Communications, (2019), 10, 1, (4044), 10.1038/S41467-019-11895-2), Y. Lu, R. Meng, X. Wang, Y. Xu, Y. Tang, J. Wu, Q. Xue, S. Yu, H. Wang, B. Lu, +6 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020, The Author(s). In the original version of this Article, the following author affiliations were inadvertently switched. Affiliation of Qingde Wang and Timothy R. Billiar should be: “Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 USA”. Haichao Wang's affiliation should be: “The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY11030, USA”. The errors have been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of this article.

Interim Guidance For Basic And Advanced Life Support In Adults, Children, And Neonates With Suspected Or Confirmed Covid-19: From The Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee And Get With The Guidelines®-Resuscitation Adult And Pediatric Task Forces Of The American Heart Association In Collaboration With The American Academy Of Pediatrics, American Association For Respiratory Care, American College Of Emergency Physicians, The Society Of Critical Care Anesthesiologists, And American Society Of Anesthesiologists: Supporting Organizations: American Association Of Critical Care Nurses And National Ems Physicians., D. P. Edelson, C. Sasson, P. S. Chan, D. L. Atkins, K. Aziz, L. B. Becker, R. A. Berg, S. M. Bradley, S. C. Brooks, A. Topjian, +17 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Gut Microbiota-Derived Indole 3-Propionic Acid Protects Against Radiation Toxicity Via Retaining Acyl-Coa-Binding Protein, H. W. Xiao, M. Cui, Y. Li, J. L. Dong, S. Q. Zhang, C. C. Zhu, M. Jiang, T. Zhu, H. C. Wang, S. J. Fan, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: We have proved fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an efficacious remedy to mitigate acute radiation syndrome (ARS); however, the mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. Here, we aimed to tease apart the gut microbiota-produced metabolites, underpin the therapeutic effects of FMT to radiation injuries, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results: FMT elevated the level of microbial-derived indole 3-propionic acid (IPA) in fecal pellets from irradiated mice. IPA replenishment via oral route attenuated hematopoietic system and gastrointestinal (GI) tract injuries intertwined with radiation exposure without precipitating tumor growth in male and female mice. Specifically, IPA-treated mice represented …

Erratum: Assessment Of Physician Well-Being, Part Two: Beyond Burnout (Western Journal Of Emergency Medicine (2019) 20:2 (291-304) Doi: 10.5811/Westjem.2019.1.39666), M. D. Lall, T. J. Gaeta, A. S. Chung, S. A. Chinai, M. Garg, A. Husain, C. Kanter, S. Khandelwal, C. S. Rublee, N. T. Himelfarb, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020 eScholarship. All rights reserved. Part One of this two-article series reviews assessment tools to measure burnout and other negative states. Physician well-being goes beyond merely the absence of burnout. Transient episodes of burnout are to be expected. Measuring burnout alone is shortsighted. Well-being includes being challenged, thriving, and achieving success in various aspects of personal and professional life. In this second part of the series, we identify and describe assessment tools related to wellness, quality of life, resilience, coping skills, and other positive states.

Ultrasound On The Frontlines Of Covid-19: Report From An International Webinar, R. B. Liu, V. S. Tayal, N. L. Panebianco, Y. Tung-Chen, A. Nagdev, S. Shah, E. Pivetta, P. C. Henwood, M. J. Nelson, C. L. Moore

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Use Of Teledermatology By Dermatology Hospitalists Is Effective In The Diagnosis And Management Of Inpatient Disease., C. K. Gabel, E. Nguyen, R. Karmouta, K. J. Liu, G. Zhou, A. Alloo, R. Arakaki, Y. Balagula, V. R. Sharon, Daniela Kroshinsky, +25 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND:Patient outcomes are improved when dermatologists provide inpatient consults. Inpatient access to dermatologists is limited, illustrating an opportunity to utilize teledermatology. Little is known about the ability of dermatologists to accurately diagnose and manage inpatients using teledermatology, particularly utilizing non-dermatologist generated clinical data. METHODS:This prospective study assessed the ability of teledermatology to diagnose and manage 41 dermatology consults from a large urban tertiary care center utilizing internal medicine referral documentation and photos. Twenty-seven dermatology hospitalists were surveyed. Interrater agreement was assessed by the kappa statistic. RESULTS:There was substantial agreement between in-person and teledermatology assessment of the diagnosis with differential diagnosis …

Targeting Inflammation Driven By Hmgb1, H. Yang, H. Wang, U. Andersson

Journal Articles

© Copyright © 2020 Yang, Wang and Andersson. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved, nuclear protein present in all cell types. It is a multi-facet protein exerting functions both inside and outside of cells. Extracellular HMGB1 has been extensively studied for its prototypical alarmin functions activating innate immunity, after being actively released from cells or passively released upon cell death. TLR4 and RAGE operate as the main HMGB1 receptors. Disulfide HMGB1 activates the TLR4 complex by binding to MD-2. The binding site is separate from that of LPS and it is now feasible to specifically interrupt …

The Role Of Type 1 Interferons In Coagulation Induced By Gram-Negative Bacteria, X. Yang, X. Cheng, Y. Tang, X. Qiu, Z. Wang, G. Fu, J. Wu, H. Kang, H. Wang, B. Lu, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Public Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Cpr) In Ghana, West Africa., M. Anto-Ocrah, N. Maxwell, J. Cushman, E. Acheampong, R. Kodam, C. Homan, T. Li

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Early bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is one of the most important predictors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) survival. There is a dearth of literature on CPR engagement in countries such as Ghana, where cardiovascular events are increasingly prevalent. In this study, we sought to evaluate Ghanaians' knowledge of and attitudes towards bystander CPR, in the context of the country's nascent emergency medicine network. METHODS:Capitalizing on the growing ubiquity and use of social media across the country, we used a novel social media sampling strategy for this study. We created, pre-tested, and distributed an online survey, using the two …

Ultrasound Identification Of Retrobulbar Hematomas By Emergency Physicians In A Cadaveric Model, E. Carlin, A. Palmieri, T. Bajaj, M. Nelson

Journal Articles

Copyright: © 2020 Carlin et al. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Introduction: Retrobulbar hemorrhage (RBH) is a rare complication of facial trauma that can lead to dangerous orbital compartment pressures and must be rapidly recognized to prevent permanent vision loss. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) offers a rapid modality for evaluating a wide variety of ocular pathologies, and prior case reports demonstrate the ability of clinicians to recognize RBH using ultrasound. This study aimed to assess the ability of clinicians at various stages of …

A Framework For Advancing Our Understanding Of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts, E. Sahai, I. Astsaturov, E. Cukierman, D. G. Denardo, M. Egeblad, R. M. Evans, D. Fearon, R. G. Maki, D. C. Ramirez, Z. Werb, +10 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 And Thrombotic Or Thromboembolic Disease: Implications For Prevention, Antithrombotic Therapy, And Follow-Up: Jacc State-Of-The-Art Review, B. Bikdeli, M. V. Madhavan, D. Jimenez, T. Chuich, I. Dreyfus, E. Driggin, C. D. Nigoghossian, W. Ageno, A. C. Spyropoulos, G. Y. Lip, +10 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020 American College of Cardiology Foundation Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a viral respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), may predispose patients to thrombotic disease, both in the venous and arterial circulations, because of excessive inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis. In addition, many patients receiving antithrombotic therapy for thrombotic disease may develop COVID-19, which can have implications for choice, dosing, and laboratory monitoring of antithrombotic therapy. Moreover, during a time with much focus on COVID-19, it is critical to consider how to optimize the available technology to care for patients without COVID-19 who have thrombotic …

Development And Validation Of Clinical Scoring Tool To Predict Outcomes Of Treatment With Vedolizumab In Patients With Ulcerative Colitis., P. S. Dulai, S. Singh, N. V. Casteele, J. Meserve, A. Winters, S. Chablaney, S. Aniwan, P. Shashi, A. Swaminath, C. Cao, +10 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND & AIMS:We created and validated a clinical decision support tool (CDST) to predict outcomes of vedolizumab therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS:We performed logistic regression analyses of data from the GEMINI 1 trial, from 620 patients with UC who received vedolizumab induction and maintenance therapy (derivation cohort), to identify factors associated with corticosteroid-free remission (full Mayo score of 2 or less, no subscore above 1). We used these factors to develop a model to predict outcomes of treatment, which we called the vedolizumab CDST. We evaluated the correlation between exposure and efficacy. We validated the CDST in using data …

Sé Un Héroe Tú También, Samantha S. Rohe, Sophie Cemaj

Books: Pediatrics

This children's book explains COVID-19 and how to decrease the incidence of transmissions.

#Realcollege During The Pandemic: New Evidence On Basic Needs Insecurity And Student Well-Being, Sara Goldrick-Rab, Vanessa Coca, Gregory Kienzl, Carrie R. Welton, Sonja Dahl, Sarah Magnelia, Sarah Magnelia

Rebuilding the Launchpad: Serving Students During Covid Resource Library

In March 2020, the coronavirus pandemic struck American higher education. Colleges closed campuses, students lost jobs, and emergency resources failed to meet the demands caused by the crisis. This report examines the pandemic’s impact on students, from their basic needs security to their well-being, as indicated by employment status, academic engagement, and mental health.

Massive Megarectum Secondary To Constipation In Institutionalized Patient, Dawit Ayalew, Yahya Alwatari, Lin M. Riccio

Surgery Publications

Chronic constipation is a common cause of morbidity in the elderly and institutionalized population. It can be associated with significant morbidity and socioeconomical burden. Chronic resistance constipation can rarely be associated with megarectum. Herein, we present the case of a patient with physical and mental disability that presented with refractory constipation associated with extreme stool burden and a massive megarectum. We discuss chronic constipation in the elderly population, its etiologies and diagnostic work-up including surgical options. The management of chronic constipation with megarectum should be on a case-by-case basis.

Increased C-Reactive Protein Is Associated With The Severity Of Thoracic Radiotherapy-Induced Cardiomyopathy, Justin M. Canada, Georgia K. Thomas, Cory R. Trankle, Salvatore Carbone, Hayley Billingsley, Benjamin W. Van Tassell, Ronald K. Evans, Ryan Garten, Elisabeth Weiss, Antonio Abbate

Internal Medicine Publications

Background: Irradiation of the heart during cancer radiotherapy is associated with a dose-dependent risk of heart failure. Animal studies have demonstrated that irradiation leads to an inflammatory response within the heart as well as a reduction in cardiac reserve. In the current study we aimed to evaluate whether inflammatory biomarkers correlated with changes in cardiac function and reserve after radiotherapy for breast or lung cancer.

Methods and results: We studied 25 subjects with a history of breast or lung cancer without a prior diagnosis of cardiovascular disease or heart failure, 1.8 years [0.4–3.6] post-radiotherapy involving at least 5 …

Vitamin C Intravenous Treatment In The Setting Of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Results From The Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Citris-Af Pilot Study, Cory R. Trankle, Laura Puckett, Theresa Swift-Scanlan, Christine Dewilde, Anna Priday, Robin Sculthorpe, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Alpha Fowler, Jayanthi N. Koneru

Internal Medicine Publications

Background
Catheter ablation is an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF), but high levels of post-procedure inflammation predict adverse clinical events. Ascorbic acid (AA) has shown promise in reducing inflammation but is untested in this population. We sought to test the feasibility, safety, and preliminary effects on inflammatory biomarkers in the CITRIS-AF (Vitamin C Intravenous Treatment In the Setting of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation) pilot study.

Methods and Results
Patients scheduled to undergo AF ablation (N=20) were randomized 1:1 to double-blinded treatment with AA (200 mg/kg divided over 24 hours) or placebo. C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels were obtained before the …