Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Comprehensive Physical Function Measure For The Intensive Care Unit: The Use Of Rasch Analysis And Item Response Theory, Michelle Lynn Peterson

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: This dissertation study provides an in-depth examination of current intensive care unit (ICU) physical function assessment measures and synthesizes these into one comprehensive measurement tool that addresses multiple areas of function.

Background: A recent systematic review identified 26 measures being used in ICU clinical research, although a subsequent systematic review revealed only 14 of those physical function assessment measures have psychometric properties evaluated specifically for the ICU setting. A robust physical function assessment measure for use in the ICU, allows for determination of efficacy of treatment, comparison of studies across settings, and broader interpretation of results.

Specific Aims: Aim …

Therapeutic Autoethnography: From Epiphany To Catharsis, Kelsey Railsback

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

A large percentage of the U.S. population has been directly or indirectly affected by sexual violence. The Rape, Abuse, and Incest National Network (2020b) reported 433,648 victims annually, and Dillinger (2018) reported 747,408 registered sex offenders living in the United States. As a victim-survivor of sexual violence, I have a unique narrative in that I chose to work therapeutically with sexual offenders. Reactions from my family, friends, and colleagues have varied from surprise to alarm, but I hope this dissertation inspires readers to take a second look. Readers who are mental health professionals may consequently be motivated to work with …

Perceptions And Understanding Of Research Situations As A Function Of Consent Form Characteristics And Experimenter Instructions, Jeremy D. Heider, Jessica L. Hartnett, Emmanuel J. Perez, John E. Edlund

Faculty Publications

Two studies examined how research methodology affected participant behaviors. Study 1 tested (a) consent form perspective (1st, 2nd, or 3rd person) and (b) information on participants’ right to sue upon perceptions of coercion, ability to recall consent information, and performance on experimental tasks. Unexpectedly, participants who received instructions without the right to sue information had significantly better recall of their research rights. Study 2 manipulated (a) consent form complexity (presence or absence of jargon) and (b) the detail of verbal instructions (simple, elaborate); participants who received a consent form with simpler language spent more time on a difficult task, and …

Simulating Medical Isolation: Communicatively Managing Patient And Medical Team Safety, Elizabeth Spradley, R. Tyler Spradley

Faculty Publications

Reducing hospital acquired or associated infections (HAIs) is a national public health priority. HAIs pose risks to patients, visitors, and medical personnel. To better understand how to communicatively manage safety in medical isolation, data was collected with nursing students simulating medical isolation in a high-fidelity simulation with a medical mannequin with C. difficile. Observations of nursing students and faculty revealed four distinct communication practices: social support, patient education, humor, and storytelling. Conclusions include recommendations to intentionally design these communication practices into high-fidelity medial isolation simulations and scale up these communication practices in routines of safety.

Can Athletes Be Tough Yet Compassionate To Themselves? Practical Implications For Ncaa Mental Health Best Practice No. 4, Andreas Stamatis, Paul J. Deal, Grant B. Morgan, Jeffrey S. Forsse, Zacharias Papadakis, Sarah Mckinley-Barnard, Eric M. Scudamore, Panagiotis Koutakis

Faculty Publications

Recent tragic events and data from official NCAA reports suggest student-athletes’ wellbeing is compromised by symptoms of mental health (MH) disorders. Self-compassion (SC) and mental toughness (MT) are two psychological constructs that have been shown effective against stressors associated with sports. The purpose of this study was to investigate SC, MT, and MH in a NCAA environment for the first time and provide practical suggestions for MH best practice No.4. In total, 542 student-athletes participated across Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7). Data were collected through Mental Toughness Index, Self-Compassion Scale, and Mental Health Continuum–Short Form. MT, SC (including …

A Novel Item-Allocation Procedure For The Three-Form Planned Missing Data Design, Kyle M. Lang, E. Whitney G. Moore, Elizabeth M. Grandfield

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

We propose a new method of constructing questionnaire forms in the three-form planned missing data design (PMDD). The random item allocation (RIA) procedure that we propose promises to dramatically simplify the process of implementing three-form PMDDs without compromising statistical performance. Our method is a stochastic approximation to the currently recommended approach of deterministically spreading a scale's items across the X-, A-, B-, and C-blocks when allocating the items in a three-form design. Direct empirical support for the performance of our method is only available for scales containing at least 12 items, so we also propose a modified approach for use …

Identification Of A Novel Disorder With Cholestasis, Liver Fibrosis And Congenital Diarrhea Due To Organic Solute Transporter Alpha Deficiency, Emily Gao

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

BACKGROUND: Much of our understanding of normal liver pathophysiology comes from studying patients with liver disease who remain undiagnosed after a comprehensive workup. Searching for diagnoses among such cohorts has benefits both for the underserved patients with idiopathic liver disease, but also for science as a whole. Unbiased genomic analysis of patients with undiagnosed disease has yielded remarkable results, including clinically actionable diagnoses in children and adults, as well as the discovery of novel genetic diseases. Thus, we posit that among pediatric patients with undiagnosed liver disease, there may be previously unrecognized Mendelian causes.

METHODS: We report a 2.5 year …

Sports And Talent Selection In Early Adolescence, Ahmet Uzun

Health Sciences

Early adolescence is the fastest development period between childhood and adulthood. It is understood that this situation is important in determining the differences between ages in terms of academic and sports studies in adolescence development. It should be remembered that differences in the motor power of individuals, especially in early adolescence (11-14 years), may affect athletes' athletic achievement and future athlete training levels.In this case, some physical fitness tests are required to better monitor the health and education levels of individuals in childhood and adolescence. It is seen that these tests are widely used especially in childhood and adolescence. In …

Combination Of Dasatinib With Chemotherapy In Previously Untreated Core Binding Factor Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Calgb 10801, G. Marcucci, S. Geyer, K. Laumann, W. Zhao, D. Bucci, G. L. Uy, W. Blum, A. K. Eisfeld, J. E. Kolitz, R. A. Larson, +7 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020 by The American Society of Hematology. Acutemyeloid leukemia (AML)witheither t(8;21)(q22;q22)or inv(16)(p13q22)/t(16;16)(p13;q22) is referred to as core binding factor (CBF) AML. Although categorized as favorable risk, long-term survival for these patients is only ∼50% to 60%. Mutated (mut) or overexpressed KIT, a gene encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase, has been found almost exclusively in CBF AML and may increase the risk of disease relapse. We tested the safety and clinical activity of dasatinib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, in combination with chemotherapy. Sixty-one adult patients with AML and CBF fusion transcripts (RUNX1/RUNX1T1 or CBFB/MYH11) were enrolled on Cancer and Leukemia Group …

Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm: A Review, M. Gupta, A. Agrawal, A. Iakovou, S. Cohen, R. Shah, A. Talwar

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of United States Medical Licensing Exam (Usmle) Step 1 Cutoff Scores On Recruitment Of Underrepresented Minorities In Medicine: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study., M. Williams, E. J. Kim, K. Pappas, O. Uwemedimo, L. Marrast, R. Pekmezaris, J. Martinez

Journal Articles

Background and Aims:United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE) scores are the single, most objective criteria for admission into residency programs in the country. Underrepresented minorities in medicine (URiM) are found to have lower USMLE scores compared to their White counterparts. The objective of this study is to examine how USMLE step 1 cutoff scores may exclude self-reported URiM from the residency interview process across various specialties. Methods:This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 10 541 applicants to different residency programs at Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health between May 2014 and May 2015. We identified Blacks and Hispanics as …

Mir193a Modulation And Podocyte Phenotype, A. Jha, S. Saha, K. Ayasolla, H. Vashistha, A. Malhotra, K. Skorecki, P. C. Singhal

Journal Articles

Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1)-miR193a axis has been reported to play a role in the maintenance of podocyte homeostasis. In the present study, we analyzed transcription factors relevant to miR193a in human podocytes and their effects on podocytes' molecular phenotype. The motif scan of the miR193a gene provided information about transcription factors, including YY1, WT1, Sox2, and VDR-RXR heterodimer, which could potentially bind to the miR193a promoter region to regulate miR193a expression. All structure models of these transcription factors and the tertiary structures of the miR193a promoter region were generated and refined using computational tools. The DNA-protein complexes of the miR193a promoter …

Famotidine Use Is Associated With Improved Clinical Outcomes In Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Retrospective Cohort Study., D. E. Freedberg, J. Conigliaro, T. C. Wang, K. J. Tracey, M. V. Callahan, J. A. Abrams, Famotidine Research Group Famotidine Research Grou, M. E. Sobieszczyk, D. D. Markowitz, A. Gupta, M. R. O'Donnell, J. Li, D. A. Tuveson, Z. Jin, W. C. Turner, D. W. Landry

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

The Uses Of Overnight Pulse Oximetry, S. Singh, S. Khan, D. Singh, S. Verma, A. Talwar

Journal Articles

© 2020 Indian Chest Society Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow. Overnight pulse oximetry (OPO) has proven to be an effective and beneficial technique to determine the cardiorespiratory status of patients in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. It is a cheap, safe, reliable, simple, and accurate method of patient monitoring as compared to the expensive and labor-intensive method of multichannel polysomnography for detecting sleep-disordered breathing. It provides accurate information about patient's oxygenation status and also helps in monitoring the response to continuous positive airway pressure and in the surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Nocturnal hypoxemia portends a …

Covid-19: Magnifying The Effect Of Health Disparities, E. J. Kim, L. Marrast, J. Conigliaro

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Obstructive Lung Disease Secondary To Compression Of The Bronchus By An Enlarged Pulmonary Artery, J. Panthappattu, V. Sharma, S. Verma, A. Talwar

Journal Articles

© 2020 Indian Chest Society Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow. In clinical practice, the presence of wheezing generally indicates an airway disease. In rare circumstances, adjacent mediastinal structures may compress the tracheobronchial tree leading to obstructive physiology. Compression of the tracheobronchial region by an enlarged pulmonary artery (PA) is exceedingly rare. We present here a case of pulmonary hypertension, where the enlarged PA resulted in obstructive lung physiology with a relevant review of the literature.

A Case Of Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria With A Prolonged Incubation Period Of Four Years., E. Sleiman, A. Upadhyaya, A. Glaser, M. Krzyzak

Journal Articles

With increased global travel, unique diseases from different parts of the world pose a new category of differential diagnosis, and an incubation period of different infectious diseases helps narrow differential diagnosis to point to one specific etiology. The normal incubation period of Plasmodium falciparum malariais 7-40 days. We report a case of symptomatic P. falciparum malaria that manifested four years after a visit to a malaria-endemic area in a 51-year-old female patient. Our case illustrates the importance of a broad differential with regard to infectious disease including remote travel history and raises questions of the survival of P. falciparum for …

Pulmonary Artery Dilatation And Obstructive Sleep Apnea, J. Simonson, H. Greenberg, A. Talwar

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Inflammation And Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Hyporesponsiveness: A Critical Connection, H. H. Shah, N. N. Uppal, S. Fishbane

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Peri-Transplant Management Of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In Liver Transplant Candidates, N. S. Samji, R. Heda, S. K. Satapathy

Journal Articles

© Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology. All rights reserved. The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly growing, affecting 25% of the world population. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most severe form of NAFLD and affects 1.5% to 6.5% of the world population. Its rising incidence will make end-stage liver disease (ESLD) due to NASH the number one indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the next 10 to 20 years, overtaking Hepatitis C. Patients with NASH also have a high prevalence of associated comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), …

Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Tpa) Treatment For Covid-19 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Ards): A Case Series, J. Wang, N. Hajizadeh, E. E. Moore, R. C. Mcintyre, P. K. Moore, L. A. Veress, M. B. Yaffe, H. B. Moore, C. D. Barrett

Journal Articles

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. A hallmark of severe COVID-19 is coagulopathy, with 71.4% of patients who die of COVID-19 meeting ISTH criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) while only 0.6% of patients who survive meet these criteria (1). Additionally, it has become clear that this is not a bleeding diathesis but rather a predominantly pro-thrombotic DIC with high venous thromboembolism rates, elevated D-dimer levels, high fibrinogen levels in concert with low anti-thrombin levels, and pulmonary congestion with microvascular thrombosis and occlusion on pathology in addition to mounting experience with high rates of central line thrombosis …

Preparation In The Big Apple: New York City, A New Epicenter Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, S. A. Gross, D. H. Robbins, D. A. Greenwald, F. H. Schnoll-Sussman, M. B. Pochapin

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Therapeutic Options For Patients With Kidney Disease, H. Izzedine, K. D. Jhaveri, M. A. Perazella

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Use Of Omental Patch And Endoscopic Closure Technique As An Alternative To Surgery After Endoscopic Full Thickness Resection Of Gastric Intestinal Stromal Tumors: A Series Of Cases, A. H. Sachdev, S. Iqbal, I. B. Ribeiro, D. T. De Moura

Journal Articles

© The Author(s) 2020. BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) originate from interstitial cells of Cajal. GISTs can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. Large lesions have traditionally been removed surgically. However, with recent innovations in advanced endoscopy, GISTs located within the stomach are now removed endoscopically. We describe a new innovative endoscopic technique to close large and hard to access defects after endoscopic full-thickness resection of gastric GISTs. CASE SUMMARY We present a series of three patients who were diagnosed with a gastric GIST. All patients underwent full-thickness endoscopic resection. In all cases, for closure of the surgical bed, conventional …

External Validation Of A Venous Thromboembolic Risk Score For Cancer Outpatients With Solid Tumors: The Compass-Cat Venous Thromboembolism Risk Assessment Model, A. C. Spyropoulos, J. B. Eldredge, L. N. Anand, M. Zhang, M. Qiu, S. Nourabadi, D. J. Rosenberg

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Hospital-Based Use Of Thromboprophylaxis In Patients With Covid-19, A. C. Spyropoulos, W. Ageno, E. S. Barnathan

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Post-Discharge Prophylaxis With Rivaroxaban Reduces Fatal And Major Thromboembolic Events In Medically Ill Patients, A. C. Spyropoulos, W. Ageno, G. W. Albers, C. G. Elliott, J. L. Halperin, W. R. Hiatt, G. A. Maynard, P. G. Steg, J. I. Weitz, G. E. Raskob, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020 The Authors Background: Hospitalized acutely ill medical patients are at risk for fatal and major thromboembolic events. Whether use of extended-duration primary thromboprophylaxis can prevent such events is unknown. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether extended-duration rivaroxaban reduces the risk of venous and arterial fatal and major thromboembolic events without significantly increasing major bleeding in acutely ill medical patients after discharge. Methods: MARINER (A Study of Rivaroxaban [JNJ-39039039] on the Venous Thromboembolic Risk in Post-Hospital Discharge Patients) studied acutely ill medical patients with additional risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Medically ill patients with …

Inaccurate Conclusions By Tang And Colleagues, Y. Y. Greenstein

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Erratum: What Is The Source? Identifying The Cause Of Septic Shock In A Patient (Annals Of The American Thoracic Society (2020) 17 (236-239) Doi: 10.1513/Annalsats.201907-562cc), N. Sidhu, N. U. Baloch, Y. Greenstein

Journal Articles

Copyright © 2020 by the American Thoracic Society. The authors would like to correct the author order in their article published in the February 2020 issue of AnnalsATS (1). The correct author order should be as follows: Nimrita Sidhu, Noor Ul-Ain Baloch, and Yonatan Greenstein. For the convenience of our readers, AnnalsATS is replacing the online version of the article with a corrected version; we apologize for the error.

Decreasing The Peril Of Antimicrobial Resistance Through Enhanced Health Literacy In Outpatient Settings: An Underrecognized Approach To Advance Antimicrobial Stewardship, E. D. Hermsen, E. L. Macgeorge, M. L. Andresen, L. M. Myers, C. J. Lillis, B. M. Rosof

Journal Articles

© 2020, The Author(s). Globally, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious problem causing 700,000 deaths annually. By 2050, AMR is expected to cause approximately 10 million deaths globally each year if allowed to increase at the present rate. Many individuals have limited knowledge regarding appropriate antibiotic use and AMR. Most antibiotic use occurs in the outpatient setting, with approximately 30% of antibiotics prescribed deemed unnecessary. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is a means to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use and AMR. While existing AMS efforts generally focus on the inpatient setting, a significant gap is present in the outpatient setting. A common theme …