Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Total Knee Arthroplasty Gap Balancer, Christina Grigorian, Andrew Beckley, Alexandra Rockett

Biomedical Engineering

California Polytechnic State University’s Biomedical Engineering Department worked in conjunction with local San Luis Obispo orthopedic surgeon Dr. Dimitri Delagrammaticas. The goal of the project was to create a surgical tool that assists a surgeon in measuring knee gap distance and balancing collateral ligament tension during a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. The final product of this project was completed in five months and initially began with understanding our sponsor’s expectations for the device. A portion of time was devoted to conducting research to understand the process of a knee replacement surgery, the requirements of the device, and the limitations …

Continuity Of Care And Outpatient Management For Patients With And At High Risk For Cardiovascular Disease During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Scientific Statement From The American Society For Preventive Cardiology, Amit Khera, Seth J. Baum, Ty J. Gluckman, Martha Gulati, Seth S. Martin, Erin D. Michos, Ann Marie Navar, Pam R. Taub, Peter P. Toth, Salim S. Virani

Office of the Provost

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has consumed our healthcare system, with immediate resource focus on the management of high numbers of critically ill patients. Those that fare poorly with COVID-19 infection more commonly have cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension and diabetes. There are also several other conditions that raise concern for the welfare of patients with and at high risk for CVD during this pandemic. Traditional ambulatory care is disrupted and many patients are delaying or deferring necessary care, including preventive care. New impediments to medication access and adherence have arisen. Social distancing measures can increase social isolation and alter …

Mount Fuji Sign Following Nasal Polypectomy: Conservative Management Of Pneumocephalus, Matthew Szymaszek, Gentian Toshkezi

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Pneumocephalus is seen in conjunction with a variety of conditions, particularly traumatic injury, neurosurgical, and ears, nose, and throat (ENT) procedures. We describe the successful, non-operative management with supplemental oxygen of symptomatic pneumocephalus following polypectomy without further complication. This case adds to other case reports of pneumocephalus but differs in the non-invasive, conservative management with supplemental oxygen obviating the need for more invasive neurosurgical intervention such as decompressive craniectomy, burr holes, or drain placement.

Understanding Barriers To Clinical Management Of Rape (Cmr) Services Among Survivors Of Rape In Crisis Settings In Borno State, Osasuyi Dirisu

Reproductive Health

Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is a global public health concern disproportionately affecting women, with negative consequences for their health, well-being, human rights, and equality. SGBV includes any act perpetrated against an individual that is against that person’s will and is predicated upon gender norms and unequal power relationships. SGBV occurs in crisis settings where vulnerability is increased, and social and legal sanctions are reduced. Internally Displaced Persons are vulnerable to SGBV during times of conflict as well as in post-conflict settings due to resultant losses of socioeconomic opportunities in addition to housing, security, lack of institutional protection, and familial …

The Impact Of Post Pcnl Tube Type On Blood Loss And Postoperative Pain, Salman Jamil, Hammad Ather

Section of Urology

Objective: To evaluate the impact of nephrostomy tube type on postoperative pain and blood loss following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).
Methods: This is a prospective non-randomized study performed at Aga Khan University Hospital from July 2017 to June 2018. In this study we prospectively studied adult patients (16 to 65 years) who underwent unilateral PCNL. Patients who had nephrostomy with balloon (12Fr Foley's catheter) were compared with patients who had nephrostomy without balloon (12Fr Nelaton™ catheter). STONE Nephrolithometry score was used to assess the stone complexity. Mean pain score at six and 24 hours and mean hemoglobin drop at 24 hours …

Chronic Disease Management: How It And Analytics Create Healthcare Value Through The Temporal Displacement Of Care, Steve M. Thompson, Johnathan Whitaker, Rajiv Kohli, Craig Jones

Finance Faculty Publications

The treatment of chronic diseases consumes 86% of U.S. healthcare costs. While healthcare organizations have traditionally focused on treating the complications of chronic diseases, advances in information technology (IT) and analytics can help clinicians and patients manage and slow the progression of chronic diseases to result in higher quality of life for patients and lower healthcare costs.

We build on prior research to introduce the notion of temporal displacement of care (TDC), in which IT and analytics create healthcare value by displacing the time at which providers and patients make interventions to improve healthcare outcomes and reduce costs. We propose …

Roli I Infermierit Në Trajtimin E Pacientëve Nga Abcesi I Trurit, Mollëza Kamberi

Theses and Dissertations

Abcesi i trurit (BA) përcaktohet si një infeksion fokal brenda parenkimës së trurit, e cila fillon si një zonë e lokalizuar e cerebritit, e cila më pas shndërrohet në një koleksion qelbi brenda një kapsulë të vaskuluar mirë. BA duhet të jetë e diferencuar nga infeksionet duke përfshirë abscesin epidural dhe subdural. BA është një sfidë për neurokirurgun sepse kërkon aftësi të mira klinike, farmakologjike dhe kirurgjike për të siguruar rezultate të mira klinike dhe prognozë për pacientët me BA. E konsideruar si një infeksion i rrallë i trurit, BA mund të ishte një entitet shkatërrues që e la me …

Roli I Infermierit Në Trajtimin E Pacientëve Me Djegie, Mirjeta Jakupi

Theses and Dissertations

Hyrje: Djegia është një dëmtim i lëkurës ose i indit tjetër i shkaktuar kryesisht nga trauma akute ose termike. Ndodh kur disa ose të gjitha qelizat në lëkurë ose inde të tjera shkatërrohen nga lëngjet e nxehta, mjetet e nxehta (djegiet e kontaktit), zjarri, rrezatimi, energjia elektrike, fërkimi ose kimikalet. Qëllimi i studimit eshte të përshkruaj rolin e infermierëve në kujdesin e pacientëve me djegie si dhe se çfarë praktikojnë aktualisht infemierët në menaxhimin e djegieve në mënyrë që të hartohen udhëzime mbi menaxhimin e djegieve.

Metodologjia: Metodologjia e punimit është deskriptive dhe retrospektive. Ky hulumtim është kryer …

Ameloplasty Is Counterproductive In Reducing Microleakage Around Resin Modified Glass Ionomer And Resin Based Fissure Sealants, Tabinda Nawaz Khan, Farhan Raza Khan, Syed Yawar Ali Abidi

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Objective: To compare the microleakage around resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) based sealants and flowable resin based sealants placed with or without ameloplasty in extracted human teeth.
Methods: This in-vitro experimental study was conducted at the Operative Dentistry Department, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan from June 2017 to December 2018. Sixty extracted human molars and premolars were assigned to four groups (n=15) each, according to the type of fissure sealant (flowable resin based sealant or resin modified glass ionomer based sealant) used and either placed with or without ameloplasty. Specimens were thermocycled and then immersed in 1% …

Bio-Active Cements-Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Based Calcium Silicate Materials: A Narrative Review, Kamil Zafar, Shizrah Jamal, Robia Ghafoor

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Recent advances in the field of endodontics have greatly improved the outcome and success rate of dental materials. For last three decades, there has been great interest in the development of bioactive dental material with the ability to interact and induce surrounding dental tissues to promote regeneration of pulpal and periradicular tissues. As these bioactive materials are mainly based on calcium silicates, they are also referred to as Calcium Silicate materials. The first material introduced was Mineral Tri-oxide Aggregate, which, due to its favourable biological properties, gained importance initially. However, later, due to its drawbacks, liked is colouration, long setting …

Exploring Changes In Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: Shifting Norms And Practices Among Communities In Fafan And West Arsi Zones, Ethiopia, Getaneh Mehari, Asabneh Molla, Ayantu Mamo, Dennis Matanda

Reproductive Health

Globally, more than 200 million women and girls have undergone FGM/C. More than half of these girls and women live in three high-prevalence countries: Egypt, Ethiopia, and Indonesia. Given the increase in population growth, recent estimates show that the number of girls and women subject to FGM/C will continue to rise in the coming years unless sufficient efforts are undertaken to encourage abandonment of the practice. A descriptive analysis of changes in FGM/C prevalence over time in Ethiopia shows that the percentage of women aged 15–49 years who report undergoing FGM/C has been declining. Despite the decline, the FGM/C prevalence …

Improving Data Reporting To Nhmis From The Private Sector In Nigeria: Lessons From A Dhis2 Pilot With Community Pharmacists And Patent And Proprietary Medicine Vendors, Population Council

Reproductive Health

The IntegratE Project is a four-year initiative (2017–21) implemented by the Population Council and partners that seeks to increase access to contraceptive methods by involving the private sector (community pharmacists [CPs] and patent and proprietary medicine vendors [PPMVs]) in family planning (FP) service delivery in Lagos and Kaduna States, Nigeria. The project aims to establish a regulatory system with the Pharmacists Council of Nigeria to ensure that CPs and PPMVs provide quality FP services, comply with FP regulations, and report service statistics to the Health Information Management System (HMIS). To achieve this, the project is implementing: a pilot three-tiered accreditation …

Serum Amyloid A Is Not Incorporated Into Hdl During Hdl Biogenesis, Ailing Ji, Xuebing Wang, Victoria P. Noffsinger, Drew Jennings, Maria C. De Beer, Frederick C. De Beer, Lisa R. Tannock, Nancy R. Webb

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Liver-derived serum amyloid A (SAA) is present in plasma where it is mainly associated with HDL and from which it is cleared more rapidly than are the other major HDL-associated apolipoproteins. Although evidence suggests that lipid-free and HDL-associated forms of SAA have different activities, the pathways by which SAA associates and disassociates with HDL are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated SAA lipidation by hepatocytes and how this lipidation relates to the formation of nascent HDL particles. We also examined hepatocyte-mediated clearance of lipid-free and HDL-associated SAA. We prepared hepatocytes from mice injected with lipopolysaccharide or an SAA-expressing adenoviral …

The Effects Of A Family Planning Training On Community Pharmacists And Patent And Proprietary Medicine Vendors’ Knowledge In Nigeria: Preliminary Pre And Posttest Results, The Integrate Project, Population Council

Reproductive Health

The IntegratE Project is a four-year initiative (2017–21) implemented by the Population Council and partners that seeks to increase access to contraceptive methods by involving the private sector (community pharmacists [CPs] and patent and proprietary medicine vendors [PPMVs]) in family planning (FP) service delivery in Lagos and Kaduna States, Nigeria. The project aims to establish a regulatory system with the Pharmacists Council of Nigeria to ensure that CPs and PPMVs provide quality FP services, comply with regulations, and report service statistics to the Health Information Management System. To achieve this, the project is implementing: a pilot three-tiered accreditation system for …

A Comparison Of The National Football League Coaches Strength And Conditioning Practices 1997-1998 To 2018, Corey Fitzgerald

All NMU Master's Theses

This study describes the results of a survey of the strength and conditioning practices of the National Football League’s (NFL) strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches. The primary purpose was to identify the common and unique aspects of the NFL S&C practices during 2018. A secondary purpose was to compare those results to 1997-1998 (‘97-98) to determine differences across years. The survey response rate was 28.1% (9 of 32 NFL teams) agreeing to participate. The survey instrument was a 150 item assessment divided into 10 sections examining the entire training program. Results revealed that subjects test 6.8 ± 3.1 fitness variables …

Inhibition Deficits Are Modulated By Age And Cgg Repeat Length In Carriers Of The Fmr1 Premutation Allele Who Are Mothers Of Children With Fragile X Syndrome, Jessica Klusek, Jinkuk Hong, Audra Sterling, Elizabeth Berry-Kravis, Marsha R. Mailick

Faculty Publications

Individuals who carry a premutation (PM) allele on the FMR1 gene may experience executive limitations associated with their genetic status, including inhibition deficits. However, poor understanding of individualized risk factors has limited clinical management of this group, particularly in mothers who carry the PM allele who have children with fragile X syndrome (FXS). The present study examined CGG repeat length and age as factors that may account for variable expressivity of inhibition deficits. Participants were 134 carriers of the PM allele who were mothers of children with FXS. Inhibition skills were measured using both self-report and direct behavioral assessments. Increased …

Donning And Doffing Ppe: Reducing Self Contamination, Holly Barrett Bsn, Rn, Lauren Mcdermott Bsn, Rn, Sarah Quigley Bsn, Rn

Vizient/ AACN Nurse Residency Program™ EBP Projects

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Light In The Built Environment To Improve Mental Health Outcomes, Nathanael T. Kohl

Theses and Dissertations

Current mental health statistics for US active duty and Veteran members justify research into the causes and remedies for those plagued with negative mental health outcomes. Recent research has suggested that the built environment is connected to our mental health. This study investigated this connection with active duty and Veteran populations across the US. A literature review was completed on what factors of light in the built environment affects mental health outcomes. An analysis of active duty and Veteran mental health symptoms and the natural light rating in their residence was completed to understand the design changes that can be …

Energy And Protein Requirements For Children With Ckd Stages 2-5 And On Dialysis-Clinical Practice Recommendations From The Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce., Vanessa Shaw, Nonnie Polderman, José Renken-Terhaerdt, Fabio Paglialonga, Michiel Oosterveld, Jetta Tuokkola, Caroline Anderson, An Desloovere, Laurence Greenbaum, Dieter Haffner, Christina Nelms, Leila Qizalbash, Johan Vande Walle, Bradley A. Warady, Rukshana Shroff, Lesley Rees

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Dietary management in pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an area fraught with uncertainties and wide variations in practice. Even in tertiary pediatric nephrology centers, expert dietetic input is often lacking. The Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce (PRNT), an international team of pediatric renal dietitians and pediatric nephrologists, was established to develop clinical practice recommendations (CPRs) to address these challenges and to serve as a resource for nutritional care. We present CPRs for energy and protein requirements for children with CKD stages 2-5 and those on dialysis (CKD2-5D). We address energy requirements in the context of poor growth, obesity, and different …

Immunogenicity In Clinical Practice And Drug Development: When Is It Significant?, Valentina Shakhnovich, Bernd Meibohm, Amy Rosenberg, Andrzej M. Kierzek, Rachel Hasenkamp, Ryan S. Funk, Craig J. Thalhauser, Piet H. Van Der Graaf, Yow Ming C. Wang, Lora Hamuro

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Electronic Image Detectability Under Varying Illumination Conditions, Jeremy J. Miller

Theses and Dissertations

Light in the built environment plays an essential role in the vision and the health of humans through non-visual receptors in the eyes. Unfortunately, image analysts and other Air Force personnel who engage in the detection of objects on softcopy displays are often required to work in very dimly-lit or dark environments as higher illumination reduces the contrast of displayed information. Literature has shown that increases in light exposure improves circadian rhythm entrainment and reduces the negative health consequences of insufficient lighting. This research examines the effects of indoor lighting to determine if increases in ambient illumination or changes to …

Assessing Challenges Associated With Sampling Hexavalent Chromium Under New Consensus Guidelilnes, Megan L. Steele

Theses and Dissertations

Hexavalent chromium is a corrosion inhibitor found in the primer of most aircraft platforms across the Department of Defense (DoD), from fighter jets to transports. It is also known to cause cancer in humans. Currently, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) legal exposure limit is 5 μg/m³ for workers exposed to hexavalent chromium. A non-regulatory scientific body has recently recommended lowering this exposure level over a factor of ten and sampling with a different sampler that collects particles with the same efficiency as the nose during inhalation. This inhalable sampler collects more particles than the one currently used …

Detection And Quantification Of Bacterial Species Important To Mental And Physical Health, David G. Leonard

Theses and Dissertations

The human gut microbiome contains an abundance of microorganisms which could influence mental health as well as physical health. These microorganisms produce chemicals which affect the brain and the body in various ways. Probiotic bacteria and yeasts have been studied to determine effects they have on mice, rats, and humans to illustrate the importance these microorganisms on health. Studies have shown that adding beneficial microorganisms to the human diet can have positive effects on mental and physical health, to include lessening symptoms of depression and anxiety, lessen gastrointestinal inflammation, displacing pathogens, and improving immunomodulatory response. A quantitative way to identify …

The Dietary Management Of Calcium And Phosphate In Children With Ckd Stages 2-5 And On Dialysis-Clinical Practice Recommendation From The Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce., Louise Mcalister, Pearl Pugh, Laurence Greenbaum, Dieter Haffner, Lesley Rees, Caroline Anderson, An Desloovere, Christina Nelms, Michiel Oosterveld, Fabio Paglialonga, Nonnie Polderman, Leila Qizalbash, José Renken-Terhaerdt, Jetta Tuokkola, Bradley A. Warady, Johan Vande Walle, Vanessa Shaw, Rukshana Shroff

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

In children with chronic kidney disease (CKD), optimal control of bone and mineral homeostasis is essential, not only for the prevention of debilitating skeletal complications and achieving adequate growth but also for preventing vascular calcification and cardiovascular disease. Complications of mineral bone disease (MBD) are common and contribute to the high morbidity and mortality seen in children with CKD. Although several studies describe the prevalence of abnormal calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D levels as well as associated clinical and radiological complications and their medical management, little is known about the dietary requirements and management of calcium (Ca) and …

Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral To Treatment: An Interventional Approach For Campus Counselors, Karen V. Duhamel

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based, harm reduction approach for identifying and treating at-risk substance use behaviors. This prescriptive, 3-step process was originally created by The World Health Organization in 1982 and further developed by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration in 2003. By providing a systematic assessment of tobacco, alcohol, and drugs, as measured by the clinically validated Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test-Frequencies and Concerns (ASSIST-FC), college counselors can become more adept at providing at-risk students with early assessment of problematic substance use, through motivational interviewing, and customized treatment planning. SBIRT …

Do Generic Health And Population Norm Based Outcomes Adequately Detect Change In Patients Attending Outpatient Physical Therapy?, Li-Zandre Philbrook, Jeff Houck, Jonah Koski, Kyle Johnston, Kyle Sumida, Ben Wagar

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

The purpose was to determine the ability of Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information (PROMIS) Pain Interference (PI), Physical Function (PF), Fatigue, and Self-Efficacy of Symptom Management (SE) scales to detect change and outcomes compared to population norms at discharge from an outpatient orthopedic clinic.

Screening And Addressing Fatigue Symptoms In Patients With Orthopedic Problems Using The Promis Fatigue Scale, Breanna Becker, Karina Kreider, Hannah Lawrence, Kayla Winter, Caleb Zimmerman, Jeff Houck, Li-Zandre Philbrook

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

In the primary care setting, fatigue is a common complaint, outnumbered only by cough. 41.9% of patients in an outpatient physical therapy setting reported unacceptable fatigue. Fatigue scores are weakly correlated to physical function and pain interference (using Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information Systems [PROMIS]). Therefore, detecting fatigue and addressing it directly is necessary.

Can Cue Location Influence Postural Sway Control In A Post-Concussion Syndrome Case?, Andrew J. Meszaros, Alyssa Carey, Robin Dorociak, Erik Cronrath, Farah Makani, Monica Martinez

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Center for Disease Control reports the following as fall risk factors: lower extremity weakness, vision problems, and difficulty maintaining balance during walking. Greatest predictor for a fall, is prior fall within the last year. Injury from a fall leads to: fear of falls, inactivity, atrophy, higher risk for falls. Kouzake and Masani (2008) indicated that improvements in postural sway are attributed to light touch increasing proprioception, rather than through mechanical support. Examples of light touch-enhanced proprioceptive feedback: walls and assistive walking devices. Successful strategy in bimanual tasks?

Validity Of The Paper Pull Test For Strength In Patients With Hallux Valgus, Taylor Eckel, Alex Hughes, Jaymee Kau, Jessica Lumba, Kristen Omohundro, Kara Oshiro, Jeff Houck, Marcey Keefer Hutchison

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Hallux valgus (HV) is a progressive deformity affecting the foot and big toe and it most commonly affects middle to older aged females. This study explores the validity of the paper pull test to assess the strength and function and utilizes PROMIS scores to assess the relationship between biological and pyschosocial factors in patients with HV.

Blood Flow Restriction Training For The Rotator Cuff: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Zach Klemmer, Mike Stroud, Edward Cheng, Neil Cayanan, Sheldon Shishido, Jason Brumitt, Marcey Keefer Hutchison, Daniel Kang

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Purpose: To compare strength gains of the supraspinatus and external rotators, and changes in tendon size of the supraspinatus after performing sidelying external rotation (ER) exercise with or without BFR.