Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Eliciting The Functional Processes Of Apologizing For Errors In Health Care: Developing An Explanatory Model Of Apology, Marie M. Prothero, Janice M. Morse

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this article was to analyze the concept development of apology in the context of errors in health care, the administrative response, policy and format/process of the subsequent apology. Using pragmatic utility and a systematic review of the literature, 29 articles and one book provided attributes involved in apologizing. Analytic questions were developed to guide the data synthesis and types of apologies used in different circumstances identified. The antecedents of apologizing, and the attributes and outcomes were identified. A model was constructed illustrating the components of a complete apology, other types of apologies, and ramifications/outcomes of each. Clinical …

Enhanced Control Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Extrapulmonary Dissemination In Mice By An Arabinomannan-Protein Conjugate Vaccine, R Prados-Rosales, L Carreno, T Cheng, C Blanc, B Weinrick, Aharona Glatman-Freedman, A Casadevall, S Hung, A Tripathi, J Xu, Aharona Glatman-Freedman, W Jacobs Jr., J Chan, S Porcelli, J Achkar, A Casadevall

NYMC Faculty Publications

Currently there are a dozen or so of new vaccine candidates in clinical trials for prevention of tuberculosis (TB) and each formulation attempts to elicit protection by enhancement of cell-mediated immunity (CMI). In contrast, most approved vaccines against other bacterial pathogens are believed to mediate protection by eliciting antibody responses. However, it has been difficult to apply this formula to TB because of the difficulty in reliably eliciting protective antibodies. Here, we developed capsular polysaccharide conjugates by linking mycobacterial capsular arabinomannan (AM) to either Mtb Ag85b or B. anthracis protective antigen (PA). Further, we studied their immunogenicity by ELISA and …

Health & Kinesiology News, Georgia Southern University

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: News & Publications (2015-2023)

• Hoops with Heroes

Prediction Of Everyday Task Performance In Older Adults By Perceived Health, Self-Efficacy And Cognitive Ability, Edward Helmes, Joan Klinger

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

While research links neuropsychological performance to everyday functioning in cognitively impaired older adults, comparatively little research has investigated this relationship in unimpaired older people. This study investigated that relationship. A total of 134 independently living adults aged 60–93 years completed Cognistat, the Direct Assessment of Functional Status (DAFS), the Personality in Intellectual-Aging Contexts and a four-item subjective health measure. Hierarchical regression was used to examine the relative ability of these measures to predict the functional domains of the DAFS, hypothesizing that the health and self-efficacy measures would be more strongly associated with DAFS scores than with the cognitive domains. Self-reported …

Impact Of A National Guideline On Antibiotic Selection For Hospitalized Pneumonia., Derek J Williams, Matthew Hall, Jeffrey S Gerber, Mark I Neuman, Adam L Hersh, Thomas V Brogan, Kavita Parikh, Sanjay Mahant, Anne J Blaschke, Samir S Shah, Carlos G Grijalva

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the impact of the 2011 Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America pneumonia guideline and hospital-level implementation efforts on antibiotic prescribing for children hospitalized with pneumonia.

METHODS: We assessed inpatient antibiotic prescribing for pneumonia at 28 children's hospitals between August 2009 and March 2015. Each hospital was also surveyed regarding local implementation efforts targeting antibiotic prescribing and organizational readiness to adopt guideline recommendations. To estimate guideline impact, we used segmented linear regression to compare the proportion of children receiving penicillins in March 2015 with the expected proportion at this same time point had the guideline not …

A Murine Model To Study Epilepsy And Sudep Induced By Malaria Infection., Paddy Ssentongo, Anna E Robuccio, Godfrey Thuku, Derek G Sim, Ali Nabi, Fatemeh Bahari, Balaji Shanmugasundaram, Myles W Billard, Andrew Geronimo, Kurt W Short, Patrick J Drew, Jennifer Baccon, Steven L Weinstein, Frank G Gilliam, José A Stoute, Vernon M Chinchilli, Andrew F Read, Bruce J Gluckman, Steven J Schiff

Neurology Faculty Publications

One of the largest single sources of epilepsy in the world is produced as a neurological sequela in survivors of cerebral malaria. Nevertheless, the pathophysiological mechanisms of such epileptogenesis remain unknown and no adjunctive therapy during cerebral malaria has been shown to reduce the rate of subsequent epilepsy. There is no existing animal model of postmalarial epilepsy. In this technical report we demonstrate the first such animal models. These models were created from multiple mouse and parasite strain combinations, so that the epilepsy observed retained universality with respect to genetic background. We also discovered spontaneous sudden unexpected death in epilepsy …

Anti-Adipogenic Effects And Mechanisms Of Ginsenoside Rg3 In Pre-Adipocytes And Obese Mice, Longyun Zhang, Lijuan Zhang, Xiaoyong Wang, Hongwei Si

Human Sciences Faculty Research

Red or black ginseng has been reported more powerful than white/fresh ginseng in dealing with various diseases/conditions including obesity. The major reason is that heating/steaming, the process of making red or black ginseng, produces large amount of bioactive compounds including ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), which are trace in fresh or white ginseng. In the present study, Rg3 was applied both in pre-adipocytes and obese mice to investigate the anti-adipogenic effects and relevant mechanisms. Our results show that Rg3 dose-dependently inhibited cell differentiation both in 3T3-L1 cells (30, 50, and 100 μM) and human primary pre-adipocytes (10, 20, and 30 μM). This …

A Perspective On Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers: Past, Present And Yet-To-Come, Frederick R. Ueland

Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Publications

The history of biomarkers and ultrasonography dates back over more than 50 years. The present status of biomarkers used in the context of ovarian cancer is addressed. Attention is given to new interpretations of the etiology of ovarian cancer. Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and multivariate index assays (Ova1, Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm, Overa) are biomarker-driven considerations that are presented. Integration of biomarkers into ovarian cancer diagnostics and screening are presented in conjunction with ultrasound. Consideration is given to the serial application of both biomarkers and ultrasound, as well as morphology-based indices. Attempts are made to foresee how individualized molecular …

Complications From Surgeries Related To Ovarian Cancer Screening, Lauren A. Baldwin, Edward J. Pavlik, Emma Ueland, Hannah E. Brown, Kelsey M. Ladd, Bin Huang, Christopher P. Desimone, John R. Van Nagell, Frederick R. Ueland, Rachel W. Miller

Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Publications

The aim of this study was to evaluate complications of surgical intervention for participants in the Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program and compare results to those of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening trial. A retrospective database review included 657 patients who underwent surgery for a positive screen in the Kentucky Ovarian Cancer Screening Program from 1988–2014. Data were abstracted from operative reports, discharge summaries, and office notes for 406 patients. Another 142 patients with incomplete records were interviewed by phone. Complete information was available for 548 patients. Complications were graded using the Clavien–Dindo (C–D) Classification of Surgical …

Empirical Assessment Of The Impact Of Low-Cost Generic Programs On Adherence-Based Quality Measures, Nathan J. Pauly, Jeffery C. Talbert, Joshua D. Brown

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

In the United States, federally-funded health plans are mandated to measure the quality of care. Adherence-based medication quality metrics depend on completeness of administrative claims data for accurate measurement. Low-cost generic programs (LCGPs) cause medications fills to be missing from claims data as medications are not adjudicated through a patient’s insurance. This study sought to assess the magnitude of the impact of LCGPs on these quality measures. Data from the 2012–2013 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) were used. Medication fills for select medication classes were classified as LCGP fills and individuals were classified as never, sometimes, and always users of …

Polymer Micelle Formulation For The Proteasome Inhibitor Drug Carfilzomib: Anticancer Efficacy And Pharmacokinetic Studies In Mice, Ji Eun Park, Se-Eun Chun, Derek Alexander Reichel, Jee Sun Min, Su-Chan Lee, Songhee Han, Gongmi Ryoo, Yunseok Oh, Shin-Hyung Park, Heon-Min Ryu, Kyung Bo Kim, Ho-Young Lee, Soo Kyung Bae, Younsoo Bae, Wooin Lee

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a peptide epoxyketone proteasome inhibitor approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). Despite the remarkable efficacy of CFZ against MM, the clinical trials in patients with solid cancers yielded rather disappointing results with minimal clinical benefits. Rapid degradation of CFZ in vivo and its poor penetration to tumor sites are considered to be major factors limiting its efficacy against solid cancers. We previously reported that polymer micelles (PMs) composed of biodegradable block copolymers poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(caprolactone) (PCL) can improve the metabolic stability of CFZ in vitro. Here, we prepared the CFZ-loaded PM, PEG-PCL-deoxycholic …

Treatment Of Chronic Hepatitis B: An Update And Prospect For Cure, Andrew Dargan, Hie-Won Hann

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Since the discovery of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) by Blumberg et al., nearly half a century ago, the subsequent development of a vaccine, understanding of the pathogenesis, and the advent of antiviral drugs, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B has decreased from approximately 5% to 3.61% of the worldwide population. Despite this improvement, approximately 248 million individuals are still infected with the virus. Effective treatment of chronic hepatitis B is extremely important as a positive correlation has been observed between baseline viral load and the risk for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While there have been significant advancements …

Ethnic Groups’ Knowledge, Attitude And Practices And Rift Valley Fever Exposure In Isiolo County Of Kenya, Hippolyte Affognon, Peter Mburu, Osama Ahmed Hassan, Sarah Kingori, Clas Ahlm, Rosemary Sang, Magnus Evander

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging mosquito-borne viral hemorrhagic fever in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, affecting humans and livestock. For spread of infectious diseases, including RVF, knowledge, attitude and practices play an important role, and the understanding of the influence of behavior is crucial to improve prevention and control efforts. The objective of the study was to assess RVF exposure, in a multiethnic region in Kenya known to experience RVF outbreaks, from the behavior perspective. We investigated how communities in Isiolo County, Kenya were affected, in relation to their knowledge, attitude and practices, by the RVF outbreak of …

Gene-Set Meta-Analysis Of Lung Cancer Identifies Pathway Related To Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Albert Rosenberger, Melanie Sohns, Stefanie Friedrichs, Rayjean J. Hung, Gord Fehringer, John Mclaughlin, Christopher I. Amos, Paul Brennan, Angela Risch, Irene Bruske, Neil E. Caporaso, Maria Teresa Landi, David C. Christiani, Yongyue Wei, Heike Bickeboller

Dartmouth Scholarship

Introduction: Gene-set analysis (GSA) is an approach using the results of single-marker genome-wide association studies when investigating pathways as a whole with respect to the genetic basis of a disease. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of seven GSAs for lung cancer, applying the method META- GSA. Overall, the information taken from 11,365 cases and 22,505 controls from within the TRICL/ILCCO consortia was used to investigate a total of 234 pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Results: META-GSA reveals the systemic lupus erythematosus KEGG pathway hsa05322 , driven by the gene region 6p21-22, as also …

Apolipoprotein E4 And Insulin Resistance Interact To Impair Cognition And Alter The Epigenome And Metabolome, Lance A. Johnson, Eileen Ruth S. Torres, Soren Impey, Jan F. Stevens, Jacob Raber

Physiology Faculty Publications

Apolipoprotein E4 (E4) and type 2 diabetes are major risk factors for cognitive decline and late onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). E4-associated phenotypes and insulin resistance (IR) share several features and appear to interact in driving cognitive dysfunction. However, shared mechanisms that could explain their overlapping pathophysiology have yet to be found. We hypothesized that, compared to E3 mice, E4 mice would be more susceptible to the harmful cognitive effects of high fat diet (HFD)-induced IR due to apoE isoform-specific differences in brain metabolism. While both E3 and E4 mice fed HFD displayed impairments in peripheral metabolism and cognition, deficits in …

Psychological And Behavioral Impact Of Participation In Ovarian Cancer Screening, Michael A. Andrykowski

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Evaluation of costs and benefits associated with cancer screening should include consideration of any psychological and behavioral impact associated with screening participation. Research examining the psychological and behavioral impact of screening asymptomatic women for ovarian cancer (OC) was considered. Research has focused upon potential negative psychological (e.g., distress) and behavioral (e.g., reduced future screening participation) impact of false positive (FP) OC test results. Results suggest FP OC screening results are associated with greater short-term OC-specific distress. While distress dissipates over time it may remain elevated relative to pre-screening levels for several weeks or months even after clinical follow-up has ruled …

Neighborhood Deprivation, Food Insecurity And Gestational Weight Gain, Sabrina Luke

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Gestational weight gain outside the recommended ranges puts women at risk for pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. Food insecurity and environmental factors including neighborhood deprivation may influence gestational weight gain. This research 1) examines the impact of neighborhood deprivation on gestational weight gain, 2) identifies if the association varies by selected maternal characteristics, 3) examines the relationship between food insecurity and gestational weight gain, 4) determines if stress mediates the relationship between food insecurity and gestational weight gain, and 5) examines whether selected maternal characteristics mediate this relationship. The research was conducted through the analysis of the Pregnancy Risk …

Testing The Medical Arms Race Hypothesis: A Spatial Approach, Robyn M. Kibler

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The surgical robot experienced rapid uptake throughout hospitals in the US despite lack of clinical evidence that it is superior to existing methods and undeterred by its high cost. This type of technology may be a “weapon” in the medical arms race hypothesis which asserts that competition among hospitals may be welfare reducing wherein it encourages resource use that is not commensurate with beneficial health outcomes. This paper is a case-study of the diffusion of the surgical robot among hospitals in Florida. We address the medical arms race hypothesis directly by investigating whether a hospital’s decision to adopt a robot …

Protein Footprinting Comes Of Age: Mass Spectrometry For Biophysical Structure Assessment, Liwen Wang, Mark R. Chance

Faculty Scholarship

Protein footprinting mediated by mass spectrometry has evolved over the last 30 years from proof of concept to commonplace biophysics tool, with unique capabilities for assessing structure and dynamics of purified proteins in physiological states in solution. This review outlines the history and current capabilities of two major methods of protein footprinting: reversible hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) and hydroxyl radical footprinting (HRF), an irreversible covalent labeling approach. Technological advances in both approaches now permit high-resolution assessments of protein structure including secondary and tertiary structure stability mediated by backbone interactions (measured via HDX) and solvent accessibility of side chains (measured via HRF). …

A Murine Model To Study Epilepsy And Sudep Induced By Malaria Infection, Paddy Ssentongo, Anna E. Robuccio, Godfrey Thuku, Derek G. Sim, Ali Nabi, Fatemeh Bahari, Balaji Shanmugasundaram, Myles W. Billard, Andrew Geronimo, Frank Gilliam

School of Medicine Publications

One of the largest single sources of epilepsy in the world is produced as a neurological sequela in survivors of cerebral malaria. Nevertheless, the pathophysiological mechanisms of such epileptogenesis remain unknown and no adjunctive therapy during cerebral malaria has been shown to reduce the rate of subsequent epilepsy. There is no existing animal model of postmalarial epilepsy. In this technical report we demonstrate the first such animal models. These models were created from multiple mouse and parasite strain combinations, so that the epilepsy observed retained universality with respect to genetic background. We also discovered spontaneous sudden unexpected death in epilepsy …

I Am More Than My Label, Taylor L. Teichman, Enid Melendez

National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference

This workshop will offer experiential activities for youth allies to explore the foundational intersections between LGBTQ youth experiencing homelessness and sexual violence. Introducing a framework of concrete tools, participants will identify at least three core resiliency factors of LGBTQ youth and be able to identify at least three concrete components for fostering community-wide support for these youth.

Cognitive Impairment And Music Therapy, Sanjib Dey, Anne Lee

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Cognitive impairment has been found to be a key variable in the overall impact on physical and mental health in the elderly. Cognitive impairment has also been found to have a significant impact on mobility, depression and social isolation. This study will examine if patient engagement in music therapy (MT) has a greater effect on increased cognitive function; specifically improvement in short term memory than engagement in physical activity alone in residents residing in nursing homes. Music has been found to enhance autobiographic memories, emotion(s), cognitive stimulation and learning, physical improvement as well as increasing social interaction. Physical activity has …

Preference Assessment Of Teacher Behaviors For Students With Autism And Resulting Behaviors, Diane Grzebyk

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

With the rising prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), studies must seek to evaluate enriched, innovative teaching experiences for this growing population. Preference assessments are widely used to evaluate favored edibles, objects and activities for children with ASD. Less research has been conducted regarding children’s preferences for staff. Since children with ASD spend a large part of their day with teachers in their schools or therapeutic environments, it seems fitting that they would develop a preference for teachers. If students develop preferences for teachers, it would also make sense that these preferences may have an effect on the student’s behavior. …

Comfort Room, Azra Hadzibajramovic, Tricia Bunai

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Abstract The administration of anxiety drugs is associated with a superfluity of side effects (National Institutes of Mental Health, 2016). The use of comfort rooms have been shown to be an effective means to reduce anxiety in hospitalized non-psychotic psychiatric patients thus reducing the need for pro re nata (prn) medication administration (Steward, Robson, Chaplin, Quirk & Bowers, 2012). A comfort room is a designated space designed to provide a calming environment and are furnished with items that are physically comfortable as well as pleasing to the senses in order to provide a refuge that is stress free (New York …

The Pharmacological And Cognitive Effects Of Propranolol On Cd-1 Mice, Jennifer Hindieh

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

The Pharmacological and Cognitive Effects of Propranolol on CD-1 Mice Jennifer Hindieh, William Hoefer, Grace Rossi, Christopher McAllister Long Island University Post Campus, Psychology Department, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences Currently, 31 million people in the United States have chronic kidney disease; with high blood pressure being the 2nd leading cause of kidney disease, and about 70 million people in the United States have high blood pressure. The importance of studying the conditions becomes more prevalent as the average individual, of recent times, has a diet consisting of preservatives, artificial ingredients, which in turn leads to a more consistent …

Spatial Memory Decreased By Ghrelin Antagonist, Birgitte Hovland

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Ghrelin is known as the hunger hormone. Ghrelin is a peptide hormone, which is produced in the stomach to regulate appetite. When the stomach is empty ghrelin is produced, and when the stomach is stretched secretion stops. Ghrelin has also been linked to long-term potentiation and cognition. Specifically, previous research on ghrelin agonists has shown enhancement on spatial memory performance. This study seeks to find if the same results will be achieved with a ghrelin antagonist. Instead of using an agonist, we will produce ghrelin organically by food restriction, and then administer ghrelin antagonist to counter the effects of the …

Polyvagal Theory Improves Dental Desensitization Programs For Children With Intellectual Disability, Lindsay Miller

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Children with intellectual disabilities (ID) often avoid or escape dental procedures. Dental professionals typically resort to restraints, sedation or general anesthesia, which are dangerous, alter results and may increase future problem behaviors. Desensitization programs can increase patient compliance. The Polyvagal theory, proposed by Stephen Porges, focuses on the prevention of biological setting events such as stress responses. The purpose of our research is to determine if a Polyvagal intervention would improve cooperation with dental procedures for individuals with a diagnosis of ID. The participants for this study were two children with a diagnosis of ID and Autism Spectrum Disorder and …

Understanding The Psychological Impact Of Pediatric Whole Exome Sequencing Results On Parents, Rachel Rabin

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

The field of genetics and genomics is continuing to expand as technology becomes more accessible in a clinical setting. The use of whole exome sequencing (WES) has rapidly increased and many individuals now have diagnoses that would not have been made, or made as quickly, through traditional forms of genetic testing. WES has proven to produce a high diagnostic yield, and has led to the discovery of new pathogenic mutations, which can potentially identify novel genetic conditions. Although WES has ended the diagnostic odyssey for many individuals, little research has been conducted examining the psychosocial outcomes for individuals and their …

Decision Regret And Correlation With Results Amongst Parents Of Children Who Have Undergone Whole Exome Sequencing, Emily Rosen

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Whole exome sequencing (WES) is pushing its way to the forefront of genetic testing strategies amongst both adults and children with complex disease. For affected individuals that have phenotypes that do not point to a specific causative gene, or have had previous inconclusive test results, WES is proving itself to be extremely useful in a clinical setting. WES is the most comprehensive genetic testing currently available, leading to a conclusive test result for approximately 25- 30% of individuals, many of whom have had prior, inconclusive evaluations. However, since this test is new in the clinical realm, little research exists examining …

Does Cultural Integration Determine Genetic Testing For Deafness?, Jaime Tramontana

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Hearing loss, one of the most common birth defects in the United States, affects approximately three to four in every 1,000 newborns. Although hearing loss can be genetic, environmental or a combination of both, genetics accounts for most cases of congenital or early childhood hearing loss. Various cultures, such as the hearing, hard-of hearing, and Deaf cultures, have diverse attitudes toward genetic testing, particularly prenatal genetic testing, for deafness. As one of the core tenets of genetic counseling is a nondirective approach toward patient care, sensitivity to cultural heritage, values, and mediated variation allows the genetic counselor to ensure their …