Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Simulation In Mixed-Methods Research: A Framework & Application To Patient Safety, Jeanne-Marie Guise, Matthew Hansen, William E. Lambert, Kerth O'Brien

Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Research in patient safety is an important area of health services research and is a national priority. It is challenging to investigate rare occurrences, explore potential causes, and account for the complex, dynamic context of healthcare - yet all are required in patient safety research. Simulation technologies have become widely accepted as education and clinical tools, but have yet to become a standard tool for research.

Methods: We developed a framework for research that integrates accepted patient safety models with mixed- methods research approaches and describe the performance of the framework in a working example of a large …

Levels Of Infants’ Urinary Arsenic Metabolites Related To Formula Feeding And Weaning With Rice Products Exceeding The Eu Inorganic Arsenic Standard, Antonio J. Signes-Pastor, Jayne V. Woodside, Paul Mcmullan, Karen Mullan, Manus Carey, Margaret R. Karagas, Andrew A. Meharg

Dartmouth Scholarship

Early childhood inorganic arsenic (i-As) exposure is of particular concern since it may adversely impact on lifetime health outcomes. Infants’ urinary arsenic (As) metabolites were analysed in 79 infants by inductively coupled plasma—mass spectrometric detection (IC-ICP-MS) to evaluate i-As exposure pre- and post-weaning. Levels of i-As in rice-based weaning and infants’ foods were also determined to relate to urinary As levels. Higher As levels, especially of monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), were found in urine from formula fed infants compared to those breastfed. Urine from infants post-weaning consuming rice-products resulted in higher urinary MMA and DMA compared to …

The Effect Of Workplace Noise Exposure On Reaction Time, Hollis T. Leidy

Dissertations, 2014-2019

This study examined the effect of listening fatigue on the reaction time of normal hearing listeners, who work in noisy places, at different signal to noise ratios (quiet, +5 and +10 dB). Reaction time was measured using a single task paradigm on twelve male listeners (ages 23-58 years) before and after an eight hour shift at a noisy power plant. The participants in the study also completed a subjective rating questionnaire at two intervals, before and after the fatigue-inducing condition. Results of the study indicated that the reaction time was significantly longer for the most difficult listening condition, indicating the …

Efficacy Of Digital Otoscopy In Telemedicine, Alexandra B. Short

Dissertations, 2014-2019

With an average of 1 audiologist to every 20,000 people in developed countries and as many as 6.25 million people in developing countries, the need for audiology services in rural or underserved populations is evident (Swanepoel, et al., 2010). Telemedicine offers an affordable solution. Previous studies assessed digital otoscopy images for postsurgical follow-up (Kokesh, et al., 2008) as well as remote video otoscopy by telehealth technicians (Biagio, et al., 2013). These studies used traditional laptop based video otoscopes. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether more portable and less expensive systems, such as the CellScope and OTO …

Exploring Rehabilitation Adherence And The Motivational Climate Created By Athletic Trainers: A Mixed Methods Approach, Kaleb W. Cusack

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between the athletic trainer created motivational climate and rehabilitation adherence displayed by their athletes. Four certified athletic trainers from one National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I institution participated. The study implemented a convergent mixed methods design, using the Rehabilitation Adherence Measure for Athletic Training as a quantitative measure of adherence and a semi-structured interview to establish the strategies athletic trainers use to organize the rehabilitation process, provide feedback to athletes, and evaluate rehabilitation progress. The semi-structured interview also allowed for other emerging themes during analysis. Results indicated that high-adhering athletes …

Development And Deployment Of A Small Stereo-Hearing Testing System: Two Manuscripts, Sofia A. Ganev

Dissertations, 2014-2019

MANUSCRIPT #1 TITLE

Development of a Deployable Stereo-Hearing System

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of a portable stereo-hearing testing system with the intent of deployment for data collection in future studies. We quantify sound localization accuracy and speech-in-noise thresholds comparing unilateral (such as single-sided deafness) and bilateral subjects. We desired to design a small, inexpensive system that would show a large effect size between binaural and monaural subjects in a variety of stereo hearing tasks.

Methods: Subjects were tested on localization accuracy and speech understanding in noise using a laboratory-made stereo-hearing testing device. For the …

Sleep Deprivation And Voluntary Alcohol Consumption In Adult Rats, Charles M. Cowan Ii

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Alcohol is a psychoactive drug with a large userbase among adults across the globe. However, alcohol use also reduces the quality of sleep in the user. Historically, research has focused on the effects of alcohol on sleep architecture, but recent research has started to examine the effects of sleep deprivation on alcohol consumption. This research examines the effects of sleep deprivation on voluntary alcohol consumption in adult rats. Twelve Sprague Dawley rats were given ad libitum access to food, alcohol (7% solution), and water for the duration of this study. Subjects were then placed into non-moving forced exercise wheels to …

Bites: Psychoeducational Handouts On Nutrition For Students In A Depression Group, Caitlin P. Powell

Educational Specialist, 2009-2019

The following paper describes psycho-educational techniques that focus on nutrition as a complementary self-care intervention integrated to a group for students struggling with depressed mood. Included is a review of nutrition literature as a complement to counseling in general and six nutrition “bites” with handouts that accompanied six out of eight group sessions. The impressions of group leaders and responses of group members conclude the research and provide evaluations that support such inclusion as well as recommendations for enhancement of this material.

Guanylate Cyclase C As A Target For Prevention, Detection, And Therapy In Colorectal Cancer., Allison A. Aka, Jeff A. Rappaport, Amanda M. Pattison, Takami Sato, Adam E. Snook, Scott A. Waldman

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and new strategies to prevent, detect, and treat the disease are needed. The receptor, guanylate cyclase C (GUCY2C), a tumor suppressor expressed by the intestinal epithelium, has emerged as a promising target. Areas covered: This review outlines the role of GUCY2C in tumorigenesis, and steps to translate GUCY2C-targeting schemes to the clinic. Endogenous GUCY2C-activating ligands disappear early in tumorigenesis, silencing its signaling axis and enabling transformation. Pre-clinical models support GUCY2C ligand supplementation as a novel disease prevention paradigm. With the recent FDA approval of the …

Gender Disparities In Midlife Hypertension: A Review Of The Evidence On The Arab Region, Christelle Akl, Chaza Akik, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer

Faculty Publications

Objective

While gender differences in hypertension and increased prevalence rates among women at midlife have been documented in multiple settings, the evidence on the Arab world has not been systematically examined. This review summarizes the evidence related to gender disparities in midlife hypertension in this region.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE and Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) databases for studies, published between January 2000 and August 2015, on hypertension in the 22 countries of the Arab region. We abstracted information on the prevalence of hypertension among women and men, in general populations during midlife.

Results

Nineteen studies provided data on the …

Methotrexate Encephalopathy: Two Cases In Adult Cancer Patients, Who Recovered With Pathophysiologically Based Therapy, Shodeinde A. Coker, David A. Pastel, Melissa C. Davis, Elizabeth M. Bengston, Camilo E. Fadul, Lionel D. Lewis

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background/Objectives: Neurotoxicity is a serious and sometimes fatal adverse effect that can occur following methotrexate treatment. We describe two adult patients with hematological malignancies with methotrexate encephalopathy who recovered with dextromethorphan therapy. Results: Case 1 : A 24-year-old male with acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed the acute onset of bilateral facial weakness and slurred speech after his first treatment with high-dose intravenous methotrexate. The clinical scenario and a head magnetic resonance imaging supported a diagnosis of methotrexate encephalopathy. Treatment with dextromethorphan was coincident with recovery. Case 2 : A 65-year-old female with recurrent diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was treated with high- …

Esophageal High Resolution Impedance Manometry: The Gi Nurse Role., Rosann Buchman Rn Cgrn, Linda Marks Rn, Bsn, Cgrn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Buprenorphine For The Treatment Of The Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome., Walter K. Kraft, Susan C. Adeniyi-Jones, Inna Chervoneva, Jay S. Greenspan, Diane J. Abatemarco, Karol Kaltenbach, Michelle E. Ehrlich

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Background: Current pharmacologic treatment of the neonatal abstinence syndrome with morphine is associated with a lengthy duration of therapy and hospitalization. Buprenorphine may be more effective than morphine for this indication. Methods: In this single-site, double-blind, double-dummy clinical trial, we randomly assigned 63 term infants (≥37 weeks of gestation) who had been exposed to opioids in utero and who had signs of the neonatal abstinence syndrome to receive either sublingual buprenorphine or oral morphine. Infants with symptoms that were not controlled with the maximum dose of opioid were treated with adjunctive phenobarbital. The primary end point was the duration of …

The Importance Of Venous Thromboembolism Management In The Oncology Population., Maura Price Rn, Bsn, Ocn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Evidence For The Need For A Pediatric Concussion Quality Of Life Measure In Addition To The Pcss, Ruta Clair, Arlene Goodman, Ilana Weinberger, Sarah Levin Allen

Research Day

While pediatric concussion is an area of significant scientific concern, only recently has the field begun to consider health related quality of life issues after concussion. The clinical management of pediatric concussion generally focuses on symptoms and epidemiology. The purpose of the current evaluation was to examine whether a quality of life measure can provide important information not readily measured by a symptom scale. 280 participants with concussion, age 7 to 21 completed two pencil and paper measures, the Post Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) and the newly created Pediatric Life After Concussion Evaluation Scale (PLACES). Data showed that the emotion …

Assessment Of Clinicians’ Knowledge And Screening Practices Of Stimulant Misuse In Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Morgan Mccoy

Research Day

Stimulants are the first line pharmacotherapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The number of prescription for stimulants dispensed by retail pharmacies has increased from 4 million in 1991 to 45 million in 2010 (1). Adolescents have a lifetime prevalence of nonmedical use of stimulants of 9.1% (2). Given the increased number and availability of stimulant pills and the potential for misuse and diversion, it is important for prescribers to carefully assess stimulant misuse in adolescents with ADHD. One study of physician’s perceptions about stimulant misuse noted that many physicians were unaware of these issues (3). The aims of …

Evaluation Of Smell And Mirna Biomarkers In Alzheimer’S Disease (Ad), Vanessa Valdivia, Christine Hammond, Katherine Galluzzi, Sarah Levin Allen, Brian J. Balin Phd

Research Day

Abstract and poster under embargo until May 31, 2019.

A Day In The Life Of An Osteopathic Medical Student, Tova Goldstein, Arthur Sesso, Michael Mcguiness, Denah Appelt

Research Day

During this past fall semester, in Tova Goldstein’s Introduction to Photography class, there was an assignment to create a photo essay. Anything that tells a story would be acceptable. Guidelines were provided that we were encouraged to follow but were not mandatory such as shooting a large group, head-shots, sequence of steps, and more. Since Tova is fortunate enough to have her father on staff at PCOM, It was thought to be fine to show a day in the life of an osteopathic medical student!

On November 3, 2016, Tova Goldstein visited the campus to explore opportunities for her project. …

Effects Of Aspirin On Expression Of Proteins Implicated In Airway Remodeling In Human Lung Fibroblasts, Kyla Geary, Don Hasenmeyer, Farzaneh Daghigh

Research Day

Abstract and poster under embargo until May 31, 2018.

Treatment Of Pregnant Patients With Orthopaedic Trauma, Kevin Klifto, Christopher S. Klifto, Christopher Looze, Nirmal Tejwani

Research Day

Fracture management in pregnant patients is challenging. Anatomic and physiologic changes in pregnancy increase the complexity of treatment. Maternal trauma increases the risk of fetal loss, preterm birth, placental abruption, cesarean delivery, and maternal death. Initial resuscitation and treatment in a facility equipped to handle the orthopaedic injury and preterm births are paramount. Pelvic and acetabular injuries are potentially life threatening. The benefits and risks of surgical treatment must be weighed carefully. The risks posed by anesthetic agents, antibiotic agents, anticoagulant agents, and radiation exposure must be understood. Positioning of the patient can affect viability of the fetus. If surgery …

The Effects Of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (Cape) On Oxidative Stress And Hypoxia, Sarah Martin, Andrew Castellano, Chijioke Uzoaru, Jonathan Lim, Nicholas Carvis, Peter Wieczorek, Robert Barsotti, Lindon H. Young, Qian Chen

Research Day

Oxidative stress has been implicated in pathogenesis of hypoxia and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In previous studies, we have shown that the antioxidant CAPE exerted cardioprotection in an isolated rat heart I (30 min)/R (60 min) injury model. In this study, we further evaluated the effects of CAPE on oxidative stress and hypoxia-induced cell damage. We evaluated the inhibition of absorbance in the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (30 nM) induced superoxide production spectrophotometrically in isolated rat neutrophils via reduction of exogenous cytochrome C. We found that CAPE (0.5 µM- 40 µM; n=4-13) reduced phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced neutrophil superoxide release dose-dependently from …

The Relationship Between Pediatric Quality Of Life And Post Concussion Symptoms, Ruta Clair, Arlene Goodman, Ilana Weinberger, Sarah Levin Allen

Research Day

This will be presented at the American Academy of Pediatric Neuropsychology.

Objective: To understand how symptoms impact the the pediatric patient’s day to day functioning during recovery. The tasks that students are exposed to in school deplete cognitive reserves, which further has consequences for learning, emotional functioning, symptom expression, and quality of life.

Methods: 280 participants with concussion, age 7 to 21, completed a packet that included the Post Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) and a self report measure, at their medical visit to a regional concussion clinic. A pencil and paper self rating instrument (Pediatric Life After Concussion Evaluation Scale) …

Exploring The Predictive Values Of Self-Evaluations And Cognitive Distortions In Relation To Childhood Anxiety Among Hispanic/Latino Youth, Cristina Sperrazza, Susan Panichelli Mindel

Research Day

The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-evaluation and cognitive distortions are predictors of anxiety in Hispanic/Latino youth. Hispanic/Latino elementary- and middle-school students (n = 84) from Grades 4 through 8 (42.9% female; average age = 11.80 years) attending a bilingual inner-city public charter school completed self-reports of anxiety, self-evaluation, and cognitive distortions in their school setting. The selected measure of cognitive distortions, Inventory of Cognitive Distortions (Yurica & DiTomasso, 2005), was revised and factor analyzed for the current child sample. Findings demonstrated that, while taking grade and gender into account, different domains of self-evaluation and cognitive distortions …

Minimally Invasive In Vivo Real-Time Identification Of Human Astrocytoma With Sulforhodamine 101, Mark Ishak, Robert Lynagh, Joseph Georges, Sean Xin, Zein Al-Atrache, Ahmad Cader, Danielle Lopez, Jonathan Osmolinski, Nicholas Minissale, Steven S. Yocom, Denah Appelt

Research Day

Abstract and poster under embargo until May 31, 2019.

Pcom Biomedical Sciences Neuro-Behavior Track: Pilot Students' Perspective, Jenna Wynn, Catherine Tauro, Erica Stagliano

Research Day

INTRODUCTION: Three Master’s degree candidate students opted to pilot a neuro-behavior concentration track after completing the first year of core Biomedical Sciences courses.

METHODS: Courses from the Mental Health Counseling, School Psychology and Clinical Psychology programs as well as select classes from the second year Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Clinical and Basic Neuroscience course were integrated into the curriculum. Routine discussions and additional clinical or research experiences enhanced the understanding and appreciation of the combination of courses from the various disciplines.

RESULTS: The integrated curriculum provides a unique angle to view the neuro-bio-psycho-social contributions to studying neuroscience …

Capstone: The Biopsychosocial Approach To The Mind-Brain-Body Connection, Erica Stagliano

Research Day

Introduction

The mind-brain-body connection The relationship between the mind, brain, and body was the highlight of the Neurobehavioral Biomedical Sciences Masters Concentration. While the brain and body are concrete entities, the mind is more abstract and complex and is different from one individual to another. The idea of the mind encompasses opinions, personality, and emotion, which, although seemingly philosophical, have been shown to have a real impact on physical health.

Mental Health and Primary Care Primary care providers are becoming more involved in the role of managing mental health, particularly depression and suicidal patients. 50% of all patients who commit …

Do Desperate Times Really Call For Desperate Measures? The Ethical Dilemma Behind The Regulation And Use Of Experimental Drugs, Lauren Kuehn

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

This Note will argue that, unlike what many patients believe, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) plays an invaluable and imperative role in seeking the efficacy and safety of new treatment options and drugs. The balance of interests between those who are terminally ill, who wish to see increased access to unapproved medicines; the general public, who has an interest in preserving the drug approval process; and the FDA, who has been mandated by law to safeguard the safety of the general public, creates a tension that will continue to go unresolved. Thus, the patients who continue to advocate …

Living Space : Client - Based Design For Assisted Living, Michael K. Adams

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Designing an assisted living facility with the client in mind. This project aims to create a space which encourages growth and progression for its residents by focusing on community, access to nature, sunlight, open spaces, increased living space, and flex spaces.

By working with the existing community and by emphasizing a program which focuses on the physical and mental needs of the residents, this building seeks to inspire and allow the residents to pursue their passions a manner that honors who they are and what they require.

A Word From The Writing Center (May 2017), Jennifer Wilson, Ms, Els

A Word From the Writing Team (Newsletter)

This issue includes:

• Grammar writing tip on ZOMBIE nouns!
• Keep Reading with BrowZine

05-09-2017 Hsc Committee Agenda, Patrice Martin

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

No abstract provided.