Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Obesity, Metabolic Factors And Risk Of Different Histological Types Of Lung Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study, Robert Carreras-Torres, Mattias Johansson, Philip C. Haycock, Kaitlin H. Wade, Caroline L. Relton, Richard M. Martin, George Davey Smith, Demetrius Albanes, Melinda C. Aldrich, Angeline Andrew, Susanne M. Arnold, Heike Bickeböller, Stig E. Bojesen, Hans Brunnström, Jonas Manjer, Irene Brüske, Neil E. Caporaso, Chu Chen, David C. Christiani, Warren Jay Christian, Jennifer A. Doherty, Eric J. Duell, John K. Field, Michael P. A. Davies, Michael W. Marcus, Gary E. Goodman, Kjell Grankvist, Aage Haugen, Yun-Chul Hong, Lambertus A. Kiemeney

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Background

Assessing the relationship between lung cancer and metabolic conditions is challenging because of the confounding effect of tobacco. Mendelian randomization (MR), or the use of genetic instrumental variables to assess causality, may help to identify the metabolic drivers of lung cancer.

Methods and findings

We identified genetic instruments for potential metabolic risk factors and evaluated these in relation to risk using 29,266 lung cancer cases (including 11,273 adenocarcinomas, 7,426 squamous cell and 2,664 small cell cases) and 56,450 controls. The MR risk analysis suggested a causal effect of body mass index (BMI) on lung cancer risk for two of …

Nursing Perceptions Of End Life Care Obstacles In Critical Access Hospitals, Rebekah Leavitt, Renea Beckstrand

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Death is an unavoidable occurrence. Nurses are on the front lines when it comes to caring for dying patients. When providing end of life (EOL) care for critically ill patients, nurses frequently come across obstacles (Beckstrand, Giles, Luthy, Callister & Heaston, 2012). The purpose of this study is to identify the largest and the most frequent obstacles when providing EOL care to rural critical care patients. Our intent is to use the data to improve EOL care for rural patients and their families.

One quarter of community hospitals in the United States are critical access hospitals (CAH) and 19 percent …

The Intra-Rater Reliability Of The Clavicular Jump Test (Cjt), Thomas Koc

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Background: Shoulder pain is the third most common musculoskeletal complaint in today’s society. Approximately 50% of patients with shoulder pain seek medical attention, which includes physical therapy. A thorough understanding of the anatomy of the shoulder, including its fascial attachments, its biomechanics, and functional relationship to nearby spinal regions is crucial for successful rehabilitation diagnostics and treatment interventions. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the intra-rater reliability of the Clavicular Jump Test (CJT). Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental, one-group pretest-posttest (repeated measures), and correlation design. A total of 96 subjects (47 males and 49 females) volunteered …

Social Media Use And Access To Digital Technology In Us Young Adults In 2016., Andrea C Villanti, Amanda L Johnson, Vinu Ilakkuvan, Megan A Jacobs, Amanda L Graham, Jessica M Rath

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: In 2015, 90% of US young adults with Internet access used social media. Digital and social media are highly prevalent modalities through which young adults explore identity formation, and by extension, learn and transmit norms about health and risk behaviors during this developmental life stage.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to provide updated estimates of social media use from 2014 to 2016 and correlates of social media use and access to digital technology in data collected from a national sample of US young adults in 2016.

METHODS: Young adult participants aged 18-24 years in Wave 7 (October …

Exploring Cancer Metabolism Using Stable Isotope-Resolved Metabolomics (Sirm), Ronald C. Bruntz, Andrew N. Lane, Richard M. Higashi, Teresa W. -M. Fan

Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. The changes in metabolism are adaptive to permit proliferation, survival, and eventually metastasis in a harsh environment. Stable isotope-resolved metabolomics (SIRM) is an approach that uses advanced approaches of NMR and mass spectrometry to analyze the fate of individual atoms from stable isotope-enriched precursors to products to deduce metabolic pathways and networks. The approach can be applied to a wide range of biological systems, including human subjects. This review focuses on the applications of SIRM to cancer metabolism and its use in understanding drug actions.

Mixed-Mode Oscillations In Pyramidal Neurons Under Antiepileptic Drug Conditions, Babak V-Ghaffari, M. Kouhnavard, Sherif M. Elbasiouny

Neuroscience, Cell Biology, & Physiology Faculty Publications

Subthreshold oscillations in combination with large-amplitude oscillations generate mixedmode oscillations (MMOs), which mediate various spatial and temporal cognition and memory processes and behavioral motor tasks. Although many studies have shown that canard theory is a reliable method to investigate the properties underlying the MMOs phenomena, the relationship between the results obtained by applying canard theory and conductancebased models of neurons and their electrophysiological mechanisms are still not well understood. The goal of this study was to apply canard theory to the conductance-based model of pyramidal neurons in layer V of the Entorhinal Cortex to investigate the properties of MMOs under …

A Word From The Writing Center (June 2017), Jennifer Wilson, Ms, Els

A Word From the Writing Team (Newsletter)

This issue includes:

• Writing tip: Purpose of semicolons and colons
• Tips on preparing posters

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Georgia Southern Examines STD Services Delivery Arrangements in Georgia County Health Departments

Single-Fiber Electromyography In The Orbicularis Oculi Muscle In Patients With Ocular Myasthenia Gravis Symptoms: Does Abnormal Jitter Predict Response To Treatment?, Goran Rakocevic, Mark Moster, Mary Kay Floeter

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Seronegative ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) is diagnosed by ocular symptoms with supporting SFEMG, typically of frontalis or extensor digitorum muscles. We aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of orbicularis oculi SFEMG to diagnose and exclude myasthenia gravis and predict response to therapy.

METHODS: Orbicularis oculi SFEMG studies were conducted in 142 consecutive patients with symptoms and/or findings of OMG and negative AChR antibody during the period of 5 years. Retrospective chart review was conducted 2 years after the SFEMG to determine whether treatments were given and responses to treatment.

RESULTS: Orbicularis oculi SFEMG was abnormal in 31 patients …

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines STD Services Delivery Arrangements in Georgia County Health Departments

Pharmacological Approaches For The Management Of Patients With Moderately Elevated Triglycerides (150-499 Mg/Dl), Michael S. Kelly, Craig Beavers, John D. Bucheit, Evan M. Sisson, Dave L. Dixon

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Hypertriglyceridemia, defined as serum triglyceride (TG) levels > 150 mg/dL, now affects over one-quarter of the U.S. adult population and is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Available guidelines for managing hypertriglyceridemia vary with respect to triglyceride thresholds and severity of disease. Lifestyle modifications and management of secondary causes (e.g., diabetes) remain the first step in managing hypertriglyceridemia, with pharmacotherapy reserved to reduce the risk of pancreatitis and/or further reduce TG levels. Several classes of lipid-lowering agents are available with variable TG-lowering efficacy. While there is no consensus regarding the choice of initial TG-lowering pharmacotherapy, there is general …

Entertainment-Education Videos As A Persuasive Tool In The Substance Use Prevention Intervention "Keepin' It Real", Youngju Shin, Michelle Miller-Day, Michael L. Hecht, Janice L. Krieger

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

Based on social cognitive theory and narrative engagement theory, the current study examined hypothesized indirect effects of engagement with keepin’ it REAL (kiR) curriculum entertainment–education (E–E) videos on youth alcohol use via youth drug offer refusal efficacy. Students in 7th grade (N = 1,464) at 25 public schools in two Midwestern states were randomly assigned to one of the two versions of the kiR curriculum, the kiR urban version and the kiR rural version. Each version had their own set of five culturally-grounded E–E videos depicting communicative skills to refuse drug offers. Differential effects for engagement components …

Androgen Receptor Deregulation Drives Bromodomain-Mediated Chromatin Alterations In Prostate Cancer., Alfonso Urbanucci, Stefan J. Barfeld, Ville Kytölä, Harri M. Itkonen, Ilsa M. Coleman, Daniel Vodák, Liisa Sjöblom, Xia Sheng, Teemu Tolonen, Sarah Minner, Christoph Burdelski, Kati K. Kivinummi, Annika Kohvakka, Steven Kregel, Mandeep Takhar, Mohammed Alshalalfa, Elai Davicioni, Nicholas Erho, Paul Lloyd, R. Jeffrey Karnes, Ashley E. Ross, Edward M. Schaeffer, Donald J. Vander Griend, Stefan Knapp, Eva Corey, Felix Y. Feng, Peter S. Nelson, Fahri Saatcioglu, Karen E. Knudsen, Teuvo L.J. Tammela, Guido Sauter, Thorsten Schlomm, Matti Nykter, Tapio Visakorpi, Ian G. Mills

Kimmel Cancer Center Papers, Presentations, and Grand Rounds

Global changes in chromatin accessibility may drive cancer progression by reprogramming transcription factor (TF) binding. In addition, histone acetylation readers such as bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) have been shown to associate with these TFs and contribute to aggressive cancers including prostate cancer (PC). Here, we show that chromatin accessibility defines castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We show that the deregulation of androgen receptor (AR) expression is a driver of chromatin relaxation and that AR/androgen-regulated bromodomain-containing proteins (BRDs) mediate this effect. We also report that BRDs are overexpressed in CRPCs and that ATAD2 and BRD2 have prognostic value. Finally, we developed gene …

Sebaceous Carcinoma Of Parotid With Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis: Case Report And Review Of Literature, Ramaswamy Balakrishnan, Agarwal Ashish C, Venkitachalam Shruti

Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences

We report the case of a 72-year-old woman who was presented to us with a right pre- and infra-auricular and neck swelling. On evaluation, she was diagnosed to have parotid malignancy with cervical lymph node metastasis. The mass was surgically excised, and a histopathological report of sebaceous carcinoma was obtained. She had a past history of right eye malignancy. A review of literature on sebaceous carcinoma was carried out. This article is about a rare tumour at an atypical site

Interdisciplinary Learning Project, Demetrius H. Bagley, Md, Maryann Sonzogni, Rn, Bsn, Bridget Weissinger, Cst, Kelly A. Healy, Md

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

Description

With a 20 year history, we have implemented a multifaceted IPE program for members of the urology team. These include urologists, both faculty and community, residents, medical students, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, medical technicians/assistants and administrative/ clerical personnel with patient contact. The program was designed with three components: a yearly symposium for all, and journal club(JC) and lectures for non-physicians. Participation is on a voluntary, noncompensatory basis. Outcome measures include routine anonymous participant feedback via questionnaire.

Results

The programs were very positively received. Limiting obstacles were also observed. Initially too many papers were assigned in the Journal club. …

Primary Care And Mental Health Integration In Coordinated Care Organizations, Robin Lynn Baker

Dissertations and Theses

The prevalence of untreated and undertreated mental health concerns and the comorbidity of chronic conditions and mental illness has led to greater calls for the integration of primary care and mental health. In 2012, the Oregon Health Authority authorized 16 Coordinated Care Organizations (CCO) to partner with their local communities to better coordinate physical, behavioral, and dental health care for Medicaid recipients. One part of this larger effort to increase coordination is the integration of primary care and mental health services in both primary care and community mental health settings.

The underlying assumption of CCOs is that organizations have the …

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: An Overlooked Cause Of Cough And Dyspnea., Ryan S. D'Souza, Anthony A. Donato

Reading Hospital Internal Medicine Residency

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immune-mediated pulmonary disorder involving inflammation of the lung interstitium, terminal bronchioles, and alveoli caused by the immune response to the inhalation of an offending environmental airborne agent. It can manifest as exertional dyspnea, fatigue, weight loss, and progressive respiratory failure if left untreated. Because of its protean features, it can be misdiagnosed as other common obstructive lung conditions such as asthma. If triggers are not avoided, it can progress to irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. In this article, we present the case of a 51-year-old male who presented to our hospital with recurrent bouts of dyspnea and …

Quantification And Expert Evaluation Of Evidence For Chemopredictive Biomarkers To Personalize Cancer Treatment., Shruti Rao, Robert A. Beckman, Shahla Riazi, Cinthya S. Yabar, Simina M. Boca, John L. Marshall, Michael J. Pishvaian, Jonathan R. Brody, Subha Madhavan

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Predictive biomarkers have the potential to facilitate cancer precision medicine by guiding the optimal choice of therapies for patients. However, clinicians are faced with an enormous volume of often-contradictory evidence regarding the therapeutic context of chemopredictive biomarkers.We extensively surveyed public literature to systematically review the predictive effect of 7 biomarkers claimed to predict response to various chemotherapy drugs: ERCC1-platinums, RRM1-gemcitabine, TYMS-5-fluorouracil/Capecitabine, TUBB3-taxanes, MGMT-temozolomide, TOP1-irinotecan/topotecan, and TOP2A-anthracyclines. We focused on studies that investigated changes in gene or protein expression as predictors of drug sensitivity or resistance. We considered an evidence framework that ranked studies from high level I evidence for randomized …

Intratumoral Heterogeneity Analysis Reveals Hidden Associations Between Protein Expression Losses And Patient Survival In Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma., Wei Jiang, Essel Dulaimi, Karthik Devarajan, Theodore Parsons, Qiong Wang, Raymond O'Neill, Charalambos C. Solomides, Stephen C. Peiper, Joseph R. Testa, Robert Uzzo, Haifeng Yang

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is a prominent feature of kidney cancer. It is not known whether it has utility in finding associations between protein expression and clinical parameters. We used ITH that is detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to aid the association analysis between the loss of SWI/SNF components and clinical parameters.160 ccRCC tumors (40 per tumor stage) were used to generate tissue microarray (TMA). Four foci from different regions of each tumor were selected. IHC was performed against PBRM1, ARID1A, SETD2, SMARCA4, and SMARCA2. Statistical analyses were performed to correlate biomarker losses with patho-clinical parameters. Categorical variables were compared between groups …

Evaluation Of A Student-Centered Digital Education Project In Health Science Education, Betsy J. Becker

Posters and Presentations: Physical Therapy

Student-centered learning is essential and evidence shows higher levels of achievement when students are engaged with educational activities that include critical thinking and effective communication in addition to creativity. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate a student-centered digital education project during a course about physical therapy (PT) management of chronic diseases. The objectives of this student project were to apply content through a well thought-out digital project and critically analyze information considering multiple points of view. Each project was evaluated by faculty using a rubric, and students completed a self- and peer-assessment. All projects were shared …

Ada News - 06/05/2017, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Notable Women Of Portland, Tracy J. Prince, Zadie Schaffer

Curriculum and Instruction Faculty Publications and Presentations

The story of Portland, Oregon, like much of history, has usually been told with a focus on male leaders. This book offers a reframing of Portland’s history--starting from 10,000 years of Native American women, to pioneer women, to women of the Progressive Era, WWI, WWII, post-war women, and chapters on Women in the Arts and Women in Politics. Many women made their mark and radically changed the Oregon frontier, including Native Americans Polly Johnson and Josette Nouette; pioneers Minerva Carter and Charlotte Terwilliger; doctors Marie Equi, Mary Priscilla Avery Sawtelle, and Bethina Owens-Adair; artists Eliza Barchus and Lily E. White; …

Spontaneous Low Frequency Bold Signal Variations From Resting-State Fmri Are Decreased In Alzheimer Disease, Samaneh Kazemifar, Kathryn Y. Manning, Nagalingam Rajakumar, Francisco A. Gomez, Michael J. Borrie, Ravi S. Menon, Robert Bartha, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Previous studies have demonstrated altered brain activity in Alzheimer's disease using task based functional MRI (fMRI), network based resting-state fMRI, and glucose metabolism from 18 F fluorodeoxyglucose-PET (FDG-PET). Our goal was to define a novel indicator of neuronal activity based on a first-order textural feature of the resting state functional MRI (RS-fMRI) signal. Furthermore, we examined the association between this neuronal activity metric and glucose metabolism from F-18 FDG-PET. We studied 15 normal elderly controls (NEC) and 15 probable Alzheimer disease (AD) subjects from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative. An independent component analysis was applied to the RS-fMRI, followed by template …

What's Happening: June 5, 2017, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

A Quality Improvement Project To Reduce The Wait Time For Initial Appointment In An Urban Outpatient Sleep Center, Anasua Chakraborty, Md, Ritu G. Grewal, Md

House Staff Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Conference (2016-2019)

Project aim:

In this study we aimed to see if replacing one face to face follow up visit after sleep study with a phone call by a trained office staff will

• decrease the total number of follow up office visits, thus decreasing health care cost
• increase the number of new patients seen during the 6 month follow up period
• Did not decrease patient compliance

Poster presented at annual Thomas Jefferson University Hospital House Staff Quality Improvement and Patient Safety conference.

Effects Of Phosphodiesterase 3a Modulation On Murine Cerebral Microhemorrhages, Rachita K. Sumbria, Vitaly Vasilevko, Mher Mahoney Grigoryan, Annlia Paganini-Hill, Ronald Kim, David H. Cribbs, Mark J. Fisher

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background: Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) are MRI-demonstrable cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH) which commonly coexist with ischemic stroke. This creates a challenging therapeutic milieu, and a strategy that simultaneously protects the vessel wall and provides anti-thrombotic activity is an attractive potential approach. Phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) inhibition is known to provide cerebral vessel wall protection combined with anti-thrombotic effects. As an initial step in the development of a therapy that simultaneously treats CMB and ischemic stroke, we hypothesized that inhibition of the PDE3A pathway is protective against CMH development.

Methods: The effect of PDE3A pathway inhibition was studied in the inflammation-induced and …

Pineal Gland Agenesis: Review And Case Illustration., Marcus A Cox, Michele Davis, Vlad Voin, Mohammadali Shoja, Rod J Oskouian, Marios Loukas, R Shane Tubbs

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Agenesis of the pineal gland has rarely been reported in the medical literature. Herein, we report a cadaveric specimen found to have agenesis of the pineal gland. The remaining gross examination of the brain was normal. A review of the literature was performed on this unusual finding.

Case-Control Vaccine Effectiveness Studies: Preparation, Design, And Enrollment Of Cases And Control, Jennifer R. Verani, Abdullah H. Baqui, Claire V. Broome, Thomas Cherian, Cheryl Cohen, Jennifer L. Farrar, Daniel R. Feikin, Michelle J. Groome, Rana A. Hajjeh, Anita K. M. Zaidi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Case-control studies are commonly used to evaluate effectiveness of licensed vaccines after deployment in public health programs. Such studies can provide policy-relevant data on vaccine performance under 'real world' conditions, contributing to the evidence base to support and sustain introduction of new vaccines. However, case-control studies do not measure the impact of vaccine introduction on disease at a population level, and are subject to bias and confounding, which may lead to inaccurate results that can misinform policy decisions. In 2012, a group of experts met to review recent experience with case-control studies evaluating the effectiveness of several vaccines; here we …

Nfatc2 Modulates Microglial Activation In The Aβpp/Ps1 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Gunjan D. Manocha, Atreyi Ghatak, Kendra L. Puig, Susan D. Kraner, Christopher M. Norris, Colin K. Combs

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains are characterized by fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide containing plaques and associated reactive microglia. The proinflammatory phenotype of the microglia suggests that they may negatively affect disease course and contribute to behavioral decline. This hypothesis predicts that attenuating microglial activation may provide benefit against disease. Prior work from our laboratory and others has characterized a role for the transcription factor, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), in regulating microglial phenotype in response to different stimuli, including Aβ peptide. We observed that the NFATc2 isoform was the most highly expressed in murine microglia cultures, and inhibition or …

Rural Interprofessional Health Care Education: A Study Of Student Perspectives, Curt Carlton Stilp

Dissertations and Theses

As the cost for health care delivery increases, so does the demand for access to care. However, individuals in a rural community often do not have access to the care they need. Shortages of rural health care professionals are an ever-increasing problem. The Affordable Care Act of 2010 sought to increase health care access by focusing on team-based care delivery. Thus, the need to educate health care students in the fundamentals of team-based practice has led to an increased emphasis on Interprofessional Education (IPE). While past research focused on urban IPE, a literature gap exists for the effects of a …