Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Human-Centered Platform For Hiv Infection Reduction In New York: Development And Usage Analysis Of The Ending The Epidemic (Ete) Dashboard, Ashish Joshi, Chioma Amadi, Benjamin Katz, Sarah Kulkarni, Denis Nash

Publications and Research

Background: Dashboards have been increasingly used in clinic-based interventions, such as clinical performance improvement and monitoring risk of hospital readmissions, and are now gaining traction in population-based interventions, especially in disease assessment.

Objective: We describe the design, development, and usage analysis of a geovisualization dashboard, the Ending the Epidemic (ETE) Dashboard. The ETE dashboard is a tool developed to track New York’s progress towards achieving the goal of its ETE Initiative, to reduce new HIV infections from 3000 per year to 750 per year by the end of 2020.

Methods: The ETE dashboard was adapted from an existing human-centered geovisualization …

Disordered Eating Attitudes And Exercise Behavior Among Female Emirati College Students In The United Arab Emirates: A Cross- Sectional Study, Haleama Al Sabbah, Shatha Muhsineh

All Works

Background: Growing evidence is showing high levels of physical inactivity and disordered eating attitudes among young females in the United Arab Emirates. This is clearly concerning, but little is known about the activity level of those with disordered eating attitudes and their dieting behavior. This study examines the female Emirati college students' disordered eating attitudes and its relation to exercise behavior. Method: A cross- sectional study using a validated and reliable questionnaire was conducted on 242 Emirati female students attending a public university in Dubai. Eating Attitudes Test- 26 (EAT26) was used to measure eating attitudes and the short International …

Caffeine Consumption Among Zayed University Students In Dubai, United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study, Rola M. Al Ghali, Hessa Al Shaibi, Huda Al Majed, Dalia Haroun

All Works

Background: Over the past decade, the global caffeine consumption rate has increased dramatically. Coffee and tea are among the common sources, but energy drinks are becoming an important contributor to total caffeine consumption. Recommendations for daily caffeine intake is not being followed due to the perceived benefits of caffeine which include mood improvement, concentration, social factors, and energy boosting. This study was important to add to the limited data about caffeine consumption in the Gulf region and mainly in the UAE. Objectives : The objectives were to determine the prevalence of caffeinated beverage consumption among university students and perceived benefits …

Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Effect Adiposity In Healthy Adults, Zujaja-Tul-Noor Hamid Mehmood, Dimitrios Papandreou

All Works

Introduction: Vitamin D is crucial for skeletal and extraskeletal health outcomes as Vitamin D binding receptors are located through out body, and epidemiological data supports its link with many conditions. Data on vitamin D levels and especially Vitamin D supplementation in U.A.E. is essentially inadequate. Design: Subjects (n=20) in this 1 month prospective study were given 2000 IU of daily Vitamin D without any special dietary or physical activity changes. Anthropometrics (weight, waist circumference, hip circumference), Vitamin D/ Calcium food frequency questionnaire and 24 "“Hour recall were collected. Results: Mean age of subjects was 28.7 years, and baseline mean serum …

Dietary And Activity Habits In Adolescents Living In The United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study, Dalia Haroun, Ola Elsaleh, Lesley Wood

All Works

Background : The Global School Health Survey 2010 reported that 40% of pupils aged 12-15 years are overweight or obese; double what was reported in 2005. Following such concerns the government introduced mandatory school health education sessions to students, and produced strict guidelines on school food and drink provision (September 2011). The aim of this survey was to obtain information about adolescents' dietary and activity habits, and their association with the increased prevalence of obesity. Methods : A cross-sectional study of 1,022 students (539 boys; 483 girls) aged 12-16 years, from 17 government schools in Dubai, UAE. Dietary practices and …

Effects Of Dietary Fiber Intake On Body Weight And Waist Circumference, Eiman Al Hammadi

All Works

Arab Journal of Nutrition and Exercise, Vol. 1, No. 2 Published on 20 th August 2016 Abstract Aim: Obesity levels dramatically increased in the last decade in UAE. Diets high in energy, saturated fatty acids, low intake of fruits and vegetables as well as inactivity have been found to promote overweight and obesity. A diet high in fiber has been suggested to improve weight loss and decrease other anthropometrical indices. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a diet high in fiber on body weight, BMI, and waist circumference (WC). Methods: One hundred forty overweight/obese subjects …

Association Of Beverage Consumption With Obesity In Healthy Adults, Sirine Maher Zahran

All Works

Arab Journal of Nutrition and Exercise, Vol. 1, No. 1 Published on 7th April 2016 Abstract Background: The increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been found to be an important contributor of calories in the diet. Whether there is an association between the increased consumption of SSBs and the high rates of overweight and obesity is still questionable. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship of weight status and beverages consumed of adults in a residential compound in Abu Dhabi. Methods: Forty nine out of 65 residents form Al Reef Villas in Abu Dhabi agreed to …

Family Food Environment And Child Eating Behavior In A Private School Of Abu Dhabi, Al Amoodi Sara Ahmed Abdulla Saeed

All Works

Aim: Dietary habits developed during childhood and continued  through adulthood.   Children's eating behaviours should be monitorining to avoid possible nutritional deficiencies which have been found to be strongly related to the development of future disease such as obesity, diabetes type 2 and others. The main aim of this study is to explore the relationship between family food environment and the eating behavior during  dinnertime among children aged 4 to 6 years old in Abu Dhabi. A cross-sectional study was carried out  that examined the relationship between family food environment and child's eating behaviour around dinnertime.Methods: …

Autoethnography As An Instrument For Professional (Trans) Formation In Pharmaceutical Care Practice, Daniela Álvares Machado Silva, Simone Araújo Medina Mendonça, Maureen O´Dougherty, Djenane Ramalho De Oliveira, Clarice Chemello

The Qualitative Report

The recent inclusion of pharmacists in primary healthcare in Brazil through the Family Health Support Team has encouraged them to reflect on the need to change from a professional focused on medications to one focused on individuals. This autoethnography allowed a pharmacist to confront her perspectives on clinical practice between 2014 and 2016, a period when she decided to challenge her traditional training as a pharmacist centered on medications. Using pharmaceutical care practice as the theoretical framework that prompted the profession of pharmacy to change its focus to the patient, the authors collaborated to construct a monologue that engages readers …

Overcoming Barriers To Implementing Electronic Health Records In Rural Primary Care Clinics, Patricia Mason, Roger Mayer, Wen-Wen Chien, Judith P. Monestime

The Qualitative Report

Medicare-eligible physicians at primary care practices (PCP) that did not implement an electronic health record (EHR) system by the end of 2015 face stiff penalties. One year prior to the 2015 deadline, approximately half of all primary clinics have not implemented a basic EHR system. The purpose of this phenomenology study was to explore rural primary care physicians and physician assistants’ experiences regarding overcoming barriers to implementing EHRs. Complex adaptive systems formed the conceptual framework for this study. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with a purposeful sample of 21 physicians and physician assistants across 2 rural PCPs in the …

Medication Safety: Lessons From Practice, Jessica L. Hinson, Brittany L. Long

Pharmacy Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Association Of Teen Mothers' And Grandmothers' Parenting Capacities With Child Development: A Study Protocol., Damali Wilson, Deborah Gross, Stacy Hodgkinson, Kirby Deater-Deckard

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Children born to teen mothers may experience less responsive and supportive parenting and are at heightened risk for a range of social, developmental, and health issues. There is literature to support the positive impact of grandmothers on teen parents and their children. However, what if the teen's mother is also limited in her parenting capacities? How do parenting capacities across these two generations of mothers affect the developing child? In this ongoing study we are examining two important aspects of parenting capacities, attachment quality and executive functioning, in teen mothers (TM) and their biological, co- residing mothers or grandmothers (GM …

Young Adults With Cleft Lip And Palate: Are They Receiving Team Services?, Sarah Widy, Andrea Bisceglia, Emily Bradley, Sanjana Kumari Vyda Srinivasa Kumar, Andrea Mcdowell, Amanda Murr, Blake Nowicki, Elisha Reed, Alexandria Staples, Brenda Louw

ETSU Faculty Works

It is widely acknowledged that a team approach is preferred practice and contributes to optimizing the surgical, dental, speech and psychosocial outcomes for individuals with CLP. Young adulthood often marks the transition from child-centered interdisciplinary care to adult-centered care. There is a paucity in literature relating to the transition of care for young adults with CLP. The purpose of this survey research is therefore to explore the CLP team practices regarding young adults with CLP.

Preliminary Evidence For The Impact Of Combat Experiences On Gray Matter Volume Of The Posterior Insula, Ashley N. Clausen, Sandra A. Billinger, Jason-Flor V. Sisante, Hideo Suzuki, Robin L. Aupperle

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: Combat-exposed veteran populations are at an increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula have been implicated in both autonomic arousal to emotional stressors and homeostatic processes, which may contribute to cardiovascular dysfunction in combat veteran populations. The aim of the present study was to explore the intersecting relationships of combat experiences, rostral ACC and posterior insula volume, and cardiovascular health in a sample of combat veterans.

Method: Twenty-four male combat veterans completed clinical assessment of combat experiences and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Subjects completed a magnetic resonance imaging scan and autosegmentation using FreeSurfer was …

Endonucleolytic Cleavage In The Expansion Segment 7 Of 25s Rrna Is An Early Marker Of Low-Level Oxidative Stress In Yeast, Daniel Shedlovskiy, Jessica A Zinskie, Ethan Gardner, Dimitri G Pestov, Natalia Shcherbik

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

The ability to detect and respond to oxidative stress is crucial to the survival of living organisms. In cells, sensing of increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activates many defensive mechanisms that limit or repair damage to cell components. The ROS-signaling responses necessary for cell survival under oxidative stress conditions remain incompletely understood, especially for the translational machinery. Here, we found that drug treatments or a genetic deficiency in the thioredoxin system that increase levels of endogenous hydrogen peroxide in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae promote site-specific endonucleolytic cleavage in 25S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) adjacent to the c loop of …

Burnout Syndrome In Hospital's Nurses: Causes And Consequences, Lama Bakhamis, Harlan M. Smith Ii, Alberto Coustasse, David P. Paul Iii

Management Faculty Research

PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to examine the causes and consequences of Burnout Syndrome among RNs in U.S. hospitals to identify solutions to this problem.

METHODS: The methodology was the review of the literature and a semi-structured interview. There were seven primary databases and two websites used in this research, and 35 articles were used for this literature review.

RESULTS: Causes and risk factors of burnout syndrome among RNs have been categorized into four major areas: individual, management, organizational, and work characteristics. Burnout syndrome rate among RNs with age under 30 years was 43.6% higher …

Clinical Potential Of An Enzyme-Based Novel Therapy For Cocaine Overdose, Ting Zhang, Xirong Zheng, Ziyuan Zhou, Xiabin Chen, Zhenyu Jin, Jing Deng, Chang-Guo Zhan, Fang Zheng

Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center Faculty Publications

It is a grand challenge to develop a truly effective medication for treatment of cocaine overdose. The current available, practical emergence treatment for cocaine overdose includes administration of a benzodiazepine anticonvulsant agent (e.g. diazepam) and/or physical cooling with an aim to relieve the symptoms. The inherent difficulties of antagonizing physiological effects of drugs in the central nervous system have led to exploring protein-based pharmacokinetic approaches using biologics like vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and enzymes. However, none of the pharmacokinetic agents has demonstrated convincing preclinical evidence of clinical potential for drug overdose treatment without a question mark on the timing …

A Time For Hope: Hdsa’S 50th Anniversary, A Record-Setting Gala, And The Impending Release Of Highly Anticipated Clinical Trial Results, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

A Murine Model For Developmental Dysplasia Of The Hip: Ablation Of Cx3cr1 Affects Acetabular Morphology And Gait., George J. Feldman, Arlene Offemaria, Hind Sawan, Javad Parvizi, Theresa A. Freeman

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a debilitating condition whose distinguishing signs include incomplete formation of the acetabulum leading to dislocation of the femur, accelerated wear of the articular cartilage and joint laxity resulting in osteoarthritis. It is a complex disorder having environmental and genetic causes. Existing techniques fail to detect milder forms of DDH in newborns leading to hip osteoarthritis in young adults. A sensitive, specific and cost effective test would allow identification of newborns that could be non-invasively corrected by the use of a Pavlik harness. Previously, we identified a 2.5 MB candidate region on human …

Speech-Language Pathologists’ Perceptions Of Collaborating With Registered Dietitians In The Pediatric Population, Brenda Louw, Michelle Lee

ETSU Faculty Works

Survey research was conducted to explore Speech-Language Pathologists’ (SLPs) perceptions and experiences collaborating with Registered Dietitians (RDs) in the pediatric population. 107 SLPs in different settingsparticipated. Findings indicate SLPs were not exposed to RDs or the role of nutrition in their didactic and clinical training. Rather this exposure occurred once they were in the field practicing as an SLP. A clear need was identified regarding graduate and continued education on collaboration between SLPs and RDs.

Cortical Contribution To Linear, Non-Linear And Frequency Components Of Motor Variability Control During Standing, Niklas König Ignasiak

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Motor variability is an inherent feature of all human movements and reflects the quality of functional task performance. Depending on the requirements of the motor task, the human sensory-motor system is thought to be able to flexibly govern the appropriate level of variability. However, it remains unclear which neurophysiological structures are responsible for the control of motor variability. In this study, we tested the contribution of cortical cognitive resources on the control of motor variability (in this case postural sway) using a dual-task paradigm and furthermore observed potential changes in control strategy by evaluating Ia-afferent integration (H-reflex). Twenty healthy subjects …

Intrahepatic Biliary Cystadenoma Mimicking Hydatid Cyst Of Liver: A Clinicopathologic Study Of Six Cases, Zubair Ahmad, Nasir Uddin, Wasim Memon, Jamshid Abdul Ghafar, Arsalan Ahmed

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Intrahepatic biliary cystadenomas are rare hepatic neoplasms, which are usually cystic. These tumors are often misdiagnosed as simple liver cysts and hydatid cysts clinically and radiologically owing to nonspecific clinical and radiologic features. These tumors require complete resection, as recurrence and malignant transformation can occur following incomplete excision. It is essential that these tumors be diagnosed accurately so that they can be adequately excised.
Methods: Clinical and radiological features of six cases of biliary cystadenoma are described.
Results: All of these cases were resected with the clinical and/or radiological impression of simple liver cysts and/ or hydatid cysts. Out …

Proposed Method For Measuring The Let Of Radiotherapeutic Particle Beams, Stephen D. Bello

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The Bragg peak geometry of the depth dose distributions for hadrons allows for precise and effective dose delivery to tumors while sparing neighboring healthy tissue. Further, compared against other forms of radiotherapeutic treatments, such as electron beam therapy (EBT) or photons (x and \(\gamma\)-rays), hadrons create denser ionization events along the particle track, which induces irreparable damage to DNA, and thus are more effective at inactivating cancerous cells. The measurement of radiation's ability to inactivate cellular reproduction is the relative biological effectiveness (RBE). A quality related to the RBE that is a measurable physical property is the linear energy transfer …

Diverticulitis Resulting In Brain Abscess: A Case Report (Poster)., Sean J. Wallace Md, David Deisher Do, Thomas Daniel Harrison Do

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Cardiovascular Health Is Associated With Physical Function Among Older Community Dwelling Men And Women., Yichen Jin, Toshiko Tanaka, Yan Ma, Stefania Bandinelli, Luigi Ferrucci, Sameera A Talegawkar

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Age related decline in physical function is a significant concern affecting the quality of life of older individuals.

Methods

We examined the associations between baseline overall cardiovascular health (CVH), its components, and physical function in 906 men and women from the InCHIANTI cohort. Physical function was assessed using the Short Performance Physical Battery and poor physical function was defined as an Short Performance Physical Battery score less than 10. Overall CVH score, ranging from 0 to 12 in the cohort, was operationalized using adherence to ideal levels for health behaviors including smoking status, physical activity, body mass index, and …

The Santa Clara, 2017-11-09, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Determining The Impact Of A New Physiotherapist-Led Primary Care Model For Back Pain: Protocol For A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Jordan Miller, David Barber, Catherine Donnelly, Simon French, Michael Green, Jonathan Hill, Joy Macdermid, Jacquelyn Marsh, Kathleen Norman, Julie Richardson, Monica Taljaard, Timothy Wideman, Lynn Cooper, Colleen Mcphee

Bone and Joint Institute

© 2017 The Author(s). Background: Back pain is a leading contributor to disability, healthcare costs, and lost work. Family physicians are the most common first point of contact in the healthcare system for people with back pain, but physiotherapists (PTs) may be able to support the primary care team through evidence-based primary care. A cluster randomized trial is needed to determine the clinical, health system, and societal impact of a primary care model that integrates physiotherapists at the first visit for people with back pain. Prior to conducting a future fully powered cluster randomized trial, we need to demonstrate feasibility …

Decentralised Training For Medical Students: A Scoping Review., Marietjie De Villiers, Susan Van Schalkwyk, Julia Blitz, Ian Couper, Kalavani Moodley, Zohray Talib, Taryn Young

Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Increasingly, medical students are trained at sites away from the tertiary academic health centre. A growing body of literature identifies the benefits of decentralised clinical training for students, the health services and the community. A scoping review was done to identify approaches to decentralised training, how these have been implemented and what the outcomes of these approaches have been in an effort to provide a knowledge base towards developing a model for decentralised training for undergraduate medical students in lower and middle-income countries (LMICs).

METHODS: Using a comprehensive search strategy, the following databases were searched, namely EBSCO Host, ERIC, …

Precision Newborn Screening For Lysosomal Disorders, Melissa M. Minter Baerg, Stephanie D. Stoway, Jeremy Hart, Lea Mott, Dawn S. Peck, Stephanie L. Nett, Jason S. Eckerman, Jean M. Lacey, Coleman T. Turgeon, Dimitar Gavrilov, Devin Oglesbee, Kimiyo Raymond, Silvia Tortorelli, Dietrich Matern, Lars Mørkrid, Piero Rinaldo

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: The implementation of newborn screening for lysosomal disorders has uncovered overall poor specificity, psychosocial harm experienced by caregivers, and costly follow-up testing of false-positive cases. We report an informatics solution proven to minimize these issues.

Methods: The Kentucky Department for Public Health outsourced testing for mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) and Pompe disease, conditions recently added to the recommended uniform screening panel, plus Krabbe disease, which was added by legislative mandate. A total of 55,161 specimens were collected from infants born over 1 year starting from February 2016. Testing by tandem mass spectrometry was integrated with multivariate pattern recognition …

Tumor Suppressor Pdcd4 Attenuates Sin1 Translation To Inhibit Invasion In Colon Carcinoma, Qing Wang, Jiang Zhu, Ya-Wen Wang, Yong Dai, Yanlei Wang, Chi Wang, Jinpeng Liu, Alyson Baker, Nancy H. Colburn, Hsin-Sheng Yang

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4), a tumor invasion suppressor, is frequently downregulated in colorectal cancer and other cancers. In this study, we find that loss of Pdcd4 increases the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) and thereby upregulates Snail expression. Examining the components of mTORC2 showed that Pdcd4 knockdown increased the protein but not mRNA level of stress-activated-protein kinase interacting protein 1 (Sin1), which resulted from enhanced Sin1 translation. To understand how Pdcd4 regulates Sin1 translation, the SIN1 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) was fused with luciferase reporter and named as 5′Sin1-Luc. Pdcd4 knockdown/knockout significantly increased the translation …