Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Music Therapy On Stuttering, Nicole Baumann, Dr. Scott Palasik

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Across time and culture, music has been used to augment and treat a variety of psychological and physical diseases. The current study therefore aims to identify the effects of music on stuttering. For this study, one individual was selected to participate for a total of five weeks. The procedure included documenting the participant’s percentages of syllables stuttered in monologues and structured reading passages as well as completing pre and post mindfulness assessments during the course of the study. Results indicate that music positively affects percentages of syllables stuttered in reading passages, the types of disfluencies and overall mindfulness levels of …

Effectiveness Of School-Based Interventions Versus Family-Based Interventions In The Prevention And Treatment Of Childhood Obesity, Ashley Capestrain, Emily Montague, Meghan Frantz

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Childhood obesity affects 155 million children worldwide. As prevalence increases, it is important to identify effective interventions in the treatment and prevention of childhood obesity. Obesity may result in short and long term effects linked to some of the leading causes of morbidity and early mortality. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify, review, and critically appraise evidence from studies examining the effect of family and school based interventions. This review answers the following PICO question: In children, how do family based interventions compare to school based interventions, in the prevention and treatment of obesity? Methods included literature …

Effects Of Kangaroo Care On Procedural Pain In Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review, Alyssa M. Pagni, Sophia Kellar, Mary Rood

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Approximately 64,000 preterm infants are born annually in the United States. With preterm infants enduring between 10-16 painful procedures daily, it is important for nurses to use interventions that effectively decrease pain. Procedural pain in premature infants may result in short-term and long-term negative physical, cognitive, and emotional effects. Kangaroo care is the act of holding an infant making skin on skin contact. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify, review, and critically appraise the evidence from studies examining the effect of Kangaroo Care on procedural pain in premature infants. Literature was searched in university databases and Google …

Assessment Protocol For Cognitive And Auditory Processing Skills For Clients Receiving Neurofeedback Treatment For Traumatic Brain Injury & Concussion: Literature Review, Elexea N. Aurilio, Miranda Hendrus

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Neurofeedback has become increasingly popular in the medical world and will hopefully become more commonly used in the fields of speech-language pathology and audiology. Currently, there is a lack of a singular, baseline and progression diagnostic tool to measure a client’s cognitive and auditory processing skills once they are referred for neurofeedback treatment.

The Relationship Between Alcohol Use And Familial And Social Influence In College Nursing Students, Darren C. Crooks, Kathleen A. Gillota

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

College students are a population with a high prevalence of risky consumption of alcohol and nursing students, specifically, are no exception. Yet few studies have been done on the use of alcohol in the student-nurse population. Since nursing education and practice are highly stressful, unhealthy coping strategies, such as risky alcohol consumption, are sadly common and seriously detrimental.

This paper explores the self-reported consumption of alcohol in undergraduate nursing students as related to peer, familial, and social influences. Based on the Biopsychosocial Model, many different factors contribute to alcohol use. Using anonymous online survey methodology and convenience sampling, data about …

Examination Of Hamstring Flexibility And Maximal Sprint Speed, Zach J. Guiser

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Abstract

Purpose

Maximal sprinting ability is a highly sought after trait in athletes. Many studies have been performed in an effort to determine the factors of sprinting ability, such as the vertical jump, squatting ability, and others. However, very limited research has been performed on the relationship between flexibility and maximal sprinting speed. The vast majority of research done involving hamstring flexibility and performance involves the acute effects of stretching on performance, or the relationship between flexibility and injury prevention. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between hamstring flexibility and maximal sprinting speed.

Methods

This study …

Efficacy Of Animal-Assisted Therapy Across Pediatric Care Settings: A Systematic Review, Holly Howser, Thomas Dixon, Jessica Nunez

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

With alternative therapies and complementary medicine becoming increasingly popular and supported by research, it is important for healthcare workers to be prepared to encounter and use these therapies in practice. A common problem in the pediatric healthcare setting is stress in patients and families during healthcare treatment. Animal assisted therapy (AAT), more commonly known as pet therapy, is a form of complementary alternative therapy that has been examined in this population. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the effect of AAT on treatment outcomes in pediatric patients across clinical settings. The methods used to guide this systematic …

Dose-Response Association Between Acute Exercise Duration, Exercise Recovery And Cognitive Function, Elizabeth Ann Crush

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Previous studies have shown moderate intensity exercise to be a desired intensity level to optimize cognitive function, however, this research has mostly been conducted among older adults despite the claim that cognitive function may start to decline in the early years (i.e., 20s). Another research gap within this population is our limited understanding of the effects of different exercise durations and recovery periods on cognitive function. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different exercise durations and recovery periods on cognition using a treadmill-based protocol. In a counterbalanced, cross-over randomized controlled design, 352 participants, ages …

Essays On Health And Labor Market Outcomes, Maryam Jafari Bidgoli

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation examines the relationship between health and labor market outcomes using the 1996-2010 longitudinal RAND Health and Retirement Study (HRS). First, it estimates the relationship between health and labor supply using a simultaneous equation model, treating health as endogenous. The effect of health may be overestimated because people may adjust their non-employment status by their health conditions (justification hypothesis). By using a full information maximum likelihood method, we can conduct a true test of exogeneity on the health variable, taking into account the correlation between two labor supply and health equations’ time-varying error components (unobserved heterogeneity). The results confirm …

Mechanisms Of Hormonal Regulation Of Invasiveness And Metastasis Of Luminal Breast Cancer, Thomas Mcfall

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

MECHANISMS OF HORMONAL REGULATION OF INVASIVENESS AND METASTASIS OF LUMINAL BREAST CANCER

By

THOMAS MCFALL

December 2017

Advisor: Dr. Manohar Ratnam

Major: Cancer Biology

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Over 20% of breast cancer cases present with distal metastasis and they are predominantly of luminal subtypes. As luminal breast cancer is relatively indolent, it is believed that progression to metastasis must occur over many years, generally well into post-menopausal years. Unfortunately, very little is known about the mechanisms by which these hormone receptor positive tumors metastasize, likely in part due to their slow metastatic rates in animal model systems as …

This Is Us Saying Who We Are: Speaking The Rhetoric Of Mental Disability, Renuka Uthappa

Wayne State University Dissertations

People with mental disabilities, or what are sometimes referred to as “mental illnesses,” face stigma when they interact with the public. To fight this stigma, the members of a small, grassroots, advocacy organization known as the Speakers Bureau travel to high school and college classrooms narrating their experiences with mental disability. They do so to replace culturally circulating stereotypes regarding such disability with more accurate and positive images. This dissertation is an auto-ethnographic exploration of the rhetoric of the Speakers Bureau. Through rhetorical analysis of members’ classroom speeches, of interviews with each speaker, and of the speaker’s self- assessment of …

Functional Analysis Of Rad6 In Brca1 Wild Type And Brca1 Mutant Triple Negative Breast Cancer Drug Response, Brittany Haynes

Wayne State University Dissertations

TNBCs account for 15-20% of all breast and are unsuitable for common targeted therapies as they lack expression of estrogen, progesterone, and Her2/neu receptors. Cisplatin, a DNA damaging agent, is currently under clinical investigation for treatment of TNBCs and paclitaxel, a mitotic spindle poison, is a first-line treatment option for this disease. While both agents elicit therapeutic benefit BRCA1 mutation status, toxicity, and resistance are limiting factors. Rad6 functions as an E2 ubiquitin conjugating protein and its enzymatic activity is critical for its cellular function. Rad6 is known to play a critical role in the translesion synthesis (TLS) damage response …

Synthesis, Chemistry, Biological Evaluation And Structure-Activity Relationships Of Rac- And Chiral 6-Desmethyl-5Β –Hydroxy-D-Secoartemisinin And Analogs, Mohamed Elsideiq Jihan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The prevention and cure of malaria is difficult as it thrives under poor socio- and pharmacoeconomic conditions in third world, tropical and subtropical regions. It is a parasitic disease spread through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. In humans, malaria can be caused by several Plasmodium species that include: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium knowlesi. The natural product artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone with an endoperoxide bridge isolated from the Chinese annual herb qinghao (Artemisia annua L or sweet wormwood). The relatively stable endoperoxide bridge is essential for their antimalarial activity. The synthesis of …

Lipid Based Frameworks And Topical Ocular Inserts For The Delivery Of Small Molecule Therapeutics To The Posterior Segment Of The Eye, Sai Prachetan Balguri

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lipid based systems and topical ocular inserts of various drugs were developed for the intervention/treatment of posterior segment ocular complications. Indomethacin (IN) was developed into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). Effect of surface functionalization using chitosan (CS) on lipid nanocarriers was tested to evaluate corneal penetration. Surface modification of SLNs with CS increased ocular penetration of IN. NLCs maintained significantly higher IN concentrations in all ocular tissues tested, compared to the other formulations evaluated in vivo. Effect of surface poly (ethylene) glycol (PEG) functionalization of the NLCs on ocular disposition was studied using Ciprofloxacin (CIP) as …

Predictors Of Medication Nonadherence In Children/Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) In Mississippi Medicaid Program, Wahidullah Noori

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objectives: To examine adherence to ADHD stimulant medications and determined the condition-related, therapy-related, patient-related, health-system related, and social and economic related predictors of medication nonadherence in children/adolescents (4 – 18 years) with ADHD enrolled in Mississippi Medicaid Program. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of the Mississippi Medicaid administrative claims data. Data was analyzed from March 01, 2014 to February 29, 2016. Adherence was calculated as the proportion of days covered (PDC). PDC was calculated including and excluding summer break (June – August) and at two different timelines, at 6 months and 12 months depending upon the length of …

Identification Of Stimulant Misuse And Malingering Of Symptoms Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Sujith Ramachandran

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It was estimated in 2013 that 54.3 million individuals reported overall lifetime prevalence of prescription drug abuse, and 16.7 million individuals reported misusing or abusing prescription drugs in the past year. This study focuses on the abuse of psychostimulants, popularly used for treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It is estimated that 10 to 30% of college students might be abusing stimulants, mostly for academic purposes. The incidence of stimulant related ER visits has nearly doubled in the last decade. It is also estimated that 10 to 50% of ADHD evaluations in a University setting might be exaggerated or …

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 94, No. 2, 2017)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Utilizing The Social Ecological Model To Address Drinking Behaviors Among College Students Participating In Ncaa Division I Non-Revenue Generating Sports, Andrew M. Smith

Theses and Dissertations--Educational Policy Studies and Evaluation

College students between the ages of 18 and 24 are considered high-risk for alcohol-related negative consequences due to drinking at high-risk levels (Barry, Howell & Salaga, 2015). Within that population, varsity student athletes are considered at even greater risk for those issues (Druckman, 2015; Wechsler, 2002).

With football and men’s basketball being considered the only revenue-generating NCAA Division I sports, non-revenue-generating sports consist of the majority of student athletes (NCAA, 2016). This study is designed to examine high-risk drinking as well as alcohol-related consequences among non-revenue-generating student athletes attending a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I school.

The sample …

Identifying Cognitive And Postural Deficits Through Re-Baseline Evaluations, Brian J. Mizeski

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Introduction: Baseline evaluations provide vital information for clinicians, as they are a representation of an athlete’s healthy clinical state. It has been recommended when an athlete sustain a concussion, they be administered a re-baseline evaluation, as the effects of a single concussion are not well documented. Limited literature was found which examines re-baseline examinations following a concussion. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate cognitive and postural deficits, in athletes who sustained a concussion, at the conclusion of the athletic season. Methods: 38 concussed athletes (CONC) were matched on sport and gender with 38 healthy …

A Study Of Skin-To-Skin Care During Cesarean Birth: A Mother's Experience, Kristen Bertrand

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Hyperammonemia After Lung Transplantation: Best Practice Recommendation, Kathryn Bradley

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Volume Estimations For Combined Free-Weight And Rubber-Band Resistance Exercise, Todd Shoepe, Gustavo Verajano, Nathan P. Reyes, Nicole M. Gobreial, Jeanette M. Ricci

Health and Human Sciences Faculty Works

Volume, or the total work performed during resistance training is one of the vital variables of resistance exercise programming. The most common definition in use by practitioners is sets x reps x external weight. While appropriate for linear loading incurred through free-weight resistance exercise, this inadequately addresses the nonlinear loading incurred with rubber resistance, a relatively new loading technique. The purpose of this investigation was to derive a theoretical model to describe a method of volume calculation for rubber band plus free-weight exercise. Men (n=51; age 19.5±1.6 years; body height 1.76±0.07 meters; body weight 77.3±11.3 kilograms) and women participants (n=66; …

Metabolomic Profiling Of Chiari Malformation Type I: Comparison Of Bioinformatic Programs For Untargeted Analysis, Hunter W. Korsmo

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Chiari Malformation Type I is a neurodegenerative trait that can result from disease or from acquiring. Metabolomic analysis was done on normal pressure hydrocephalous and Chiari CSF samples using LC-MS and multiple bioinformatic programs. After analysis from multiple programs, we were able to analyze the stringency in statistical algorithms done by each program and determined qualities that are shared between programs that offer multiple details. We identified dysregulation in glucuronated metabolites in CSF of Chiari versus NPH. Using LC-MS, we established the experimental MS/MS of glucuronic acid in attempt to identify similarities in mass-to-charge features primarily identified. We could not …

Development And Implementation Of A Nutritional-Risk Screening Procedure For Pregnant Mothers In A Honduran Community Hospital System, Maria Lamontagne, Brian Miller, Tanya Falcone

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Previous research has demonstrated the negative implications that poor maternal nutrition has on morbidity and mortality for both the mother and the unborn child. Although malnutrition is known to make pregnant women susceptible to miscarriage or birth of a child with stunted growth and development, many Central American countries such as Honduras lack a screening tool to detect maternal malnutrition. The purpose of this study was to develop and pilot a screening protocol for malnutrition during pregnancy using best practice and evidence-based recommendations from the AND and the ACOG, and creating a training protocol for obstetric nurse education to foster …

Opioid Abuse In Pregnancy: A Systematic Review, Emily Sebunia, Colleen Fearon

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Prenatal opioid abuse is a serious public health concern and linked with numerous health consequences for both mothers and children. Despite research describing negative outcomes of drug use during pregnancy, it is still a prevalent problem in the United States, with researchers finding that women are at highest risk for substance abuse during their reproductive years. Opioid abuse during pregnancy is common, including opioids such as hydrocodone, oxycodone, morphine, and heroin. Use of these drugs results in both short and long term side effects for the mother and child. Therefore, the prevalence of this problem should not be underestimated. …

A Multi-Model Approach In Developing An Intelligent Assistant For Diagnosis Recommendation In Clinical Health Systems, Christian E. Pulmano, Ma. Regina Justina E. Estuar

Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications

Clinical health information systems capture massive amounts of unstructured data from various health and medical facilities. This study utilizes unstructured patient clinical text data to develop an intelligent assistant that can identify possible related diagnoses based on a given text input. The approach applies a one-vs-rest binary classification technique wherein given an input text data, it is identified whether it can be positively or negatively classified for a given diagnosis. Multi-layer Feed-Forward Neural Network models were developed for each individual diagnosis case. The task of the intelligent assistant is to iterate over all the different models and return those that …

Department Of Education: Fy 2017 Annual Report, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Department of Education

No abstract provided.

Student-Athletes' Knowledge Of Athletic Trainers' Scope Of Practice, Jessica Pearson

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Context: As a member of the sports medicine team, athletic trainers serve athletes through injury prevention, evaluation, and rehabilitation. While it is imperative for members of the sports medicine team to have knowledge of scope of practice of athletic trainers, it may also be important for athletes as well, so that the athletic trainers can be properly utilized by all parties. Although previous research has been completed on how athletes’ sport profile and satisfaction of care relate, no previous studies were identified that assessed athletes’ knowledge of athletic trainers’ scope of practice.

Objective: Determine student-athletes’ knowledge of athletic …

Optimization Of Collagen Microneedle Using Taguchi Method, Abhilash Aditya

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Research is conducted to create dissolving collagen microneedles and to optimize the parameters for close to perfect dimension microneedles. A collagen microneedle patch has been developed with a micro-manufacturing process (micro-molding process). The collagen microneedles, varying in length from 300 to 600-μm may reach different targeted layers of the skin depending on the application. As the microneedles penetrate the skin they dissolve, delivering collagen through the epidermis. Such addition of collagen directly to the dermis layers allows it to be absorbed, increasing skin's strength and resilience, since it is one of the natural components of the younger looking skin. This …

Monitoring And Blunting Coping Style Effects On College Student Processing Of Health Information Via Social Media, Katherine Marie Aguirre

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The dissemination of public health messages via social media is a growing phenomenon that is changing the health communication landscape (Chou, Hunt, Beckjord, Mojer, & Hesse, 2009). Few studies have investigated how individuals process health-threatening information. This study addressed this gap in knowledge. Specifically, the current study investigated the impact of coping style on an individual's attention to health-threatening and health-promoting words on an attention task. The current study also investigated the impact of coping style on the recall of health-threatening, health-promoting, and neutral words contained in a diabetes health message. In addition, the current study investigated if coping style …