Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Stress: Effects And Management, Breanna Buscher

Nebraska College Preparatory Academy: Senior Capstone Projects

Stress is how the body reacts to any change in a person's life, as well as how it reacts in life or death situations. It is important everyone knows how to manage stress and what will happen if they do not. While there are an abundance of terrifying things that can happen when stress goes unmanaged, there are also plenty of easy ways everyone can keep their stress in check.

Stress can feel overwhelming and often cause health problems if gone unmanaged but luckily there are a plethora of ways to manage it.

Future Research: I would like to research …

An Ableist Society: What Does Disability Look Like?, Maricela Paramo

Nebraska College Preparatory Academy: Senior Capstone Projects

One out of every five adults in the United States has a disability. That is about 63.976 million people, yet, ableism is a common type of discrimination. This paper is an attempt to create awareness of ableism and its negative effects by providing testimonies and methods that will help people with disabilities live a life without prejudice.

The United States is nowhere close to being an ableist free society and it will remain this way until people stop using ableist language as an insult or to mock someone, until mocking the disabled is not a media entertainment, until public figures …

Steroids: A Growing Dilemma In Athletics, Seara Ontiveros

Nebraska College Preparatory Academy: Senior Capstone Projects

A comprehensive and straight forward description of what exactly steroids are and what they do to the body is described by Gary Wadler, a health major at the New York University School of Medicine, he comments: “When the receptor sites in their bodies, which don’t have much testosterone in them, suddenly are presented with a lot of testosterone, they get activated…The unbalance of hormones increases the red blood cell formations... They’ll get more muscular, more defined. They’ll lose some fat, and increase their lean body mass, [they’ll] get stronger”. Although anabolic steroids and other hormones are consumed by many athletes …

The Opioid Epidemic In The United States With A Focus On Ohio, Timothy A. Netters Jr.

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

The rate of deaths due to opioid drug overdoses has increased substantially in the 21st-century United States and shows no signs of slowing down. Goleman (1987) stated that opioid drugs are not inherently dangerous when used for their specified purpose of relief of moderate to severe acute pain. However, when they are abused, mixed with other drugs, or their stronger counterparts, used for chronic pain or are used without understanding of their increased strength the effects can be devastating. Ohio is unfortunately no stranger to the problem of opiate abuse and overdose. Counties throughout Ohio have had to add additional …

Association Of Cadmium Exposure With Bone Mineral Density In U.S. Adults, Joseph P. Taggart

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal and environmental pollutant; general population exposure is through occupation, diet, and smoking. Cadmium is associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) and higher risk of fractures in women. This association is not fully known in men.

Objective: Given the toxicity and global dispersion of cadmium, we explored its association with BMD in U.S. men and women.

Methods: Data from 914 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014 was utilized. Multivariable regression analysis was used to determine the independent association between cadmium exposure and BMD controlling for age, body mass index, …

Crew State Monitoring And Line-Oriented Flight Training For Attention Management, Chad Stephens, Lawrence Prinzel, Angela Harrivel, Ray Comstock, Nijo Abraham, Alan Pope, James Wilkerson, Daniel Kiggins

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2017

Loss of control –inflight (LOC-I) has historically represented the largest category of commercial aviation fatal accidents. A review of worldwide transport airplane accidents (2001-2010) indicated that loss of airplane state awareness (ASA) was responsible for the majority of the LOC-I fatality rate. The Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) ASA study identified12 major themes that were indicated across the ASA accident and incident events. One of the themes was crew distractionorineffective attention management, which was found to be involved in all 18 events including flight crew channelized attention, startle/surprise, diverted attention, and/or confirmation bias. Safety Enhancement(SE)-211, “Training for Attention Management” was …

Interviews Of General Aviation Pilots: An Insight To Airspace Infringements, Elena Psylou, Arnab Majumdar, Washington Ochieng

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2017

This paper findscontributory factors to airspace infringements concerning the planning undertaken bygeneral aviation pilots. Twenty seven recreational pilots who flew a light fixed-wing motor, glider and ultralight aircraft were interviewed using semi-structured interviews in Finland, Norway and United Kingdom. These countries experienced a major problem with the number of reported AIs. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. The success of this study is attributed to the carefully design of both the questions of the interview and the sample that comprises the diverse general aviation sector.The newly found contributory factorsare associated with a pilot’s performance as well as airspace design …

Synthetic Vision System Commercial Aircraft Flight Deck Display Technologies For Unusual Attitude Recovery, Lawrence (Lance) J. Prinzel Iii, Kyle E. Ellis, Jarvis (Trey) J. Arthur, Stephanie N. Nicholas, Captain Daniel Kiggins

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2017

A Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) study of 18 worldwide loss-of-control accidents and incidents determined that the lack of external visual references was associated with aflight crew’s loss of attitude awareness or energy state awareness in 17 of these events. Therefore, CAST recommended development and implementation of virtual day-Visual Meteorological Condition (VMC)display systems, such as synthetic vision systems, whichcan promoteflight crew attitude awareness similar to a day-VMC environment. This paper describes the results of a high-fidelity, large transport aircraft simulation experimentthatevaluatedvirtual day-VMC displays and a “background attitude indicator” concept as an aid to pilots in recovery from unusual attitudes. Twelve …

A Color-Code Design Tool, David L. Post, William E. Goode

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2017

The FAA is developing a standard set of colors for use inair traffic control (ATC) displays.The set will be defined in terms ofCIE Yu'v'values, corresponding sRGB values, and color names. A significant complication is that the ATC controller population includes people who havecolor-vision deficiencies (CVDs). We have written a softwaretool to assist the FAA inselecting and testing a suitable set of colors. It accepts a set of Yu'v'values as input and: (1) Draws graphics and calculates color-related figures of merit to predict whether the set will be acceptable for color-normal and CVD …

What Information About Consumers Predicts Their Trust In Autopilots?, Mattie Milner, Rian Mehta, Stephen Rice, Scott Winter, Matt Pierce

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2017

In order for pilots to carry passengers from one destination to another they must rely on their indicators and controls to take them there safely. This also includes their ability to use autopilot technology to help facilitate ease of travel and safety for not only pilots but passengers, as well. Autopilot technology is always advancing and now we are seeing that technology being incorporated into commercial aviation and UAS’s doing tasks such as transporting goods to people’s homes to performing military operations Despite this advancement in technology, passengers may feel nervous about pilots relying on autopilot technology for flight instead …

Intelligent Systems Applied To Workload Monitoring And Task Allocation, Scott Grigsby, Jacob Crossman, Rich Frederikson, Ben Purman, Dylan Schmorrow

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2017

We have implemented an integrated system, called Computational Situation Awareness (CSA), into a prototype control station to coordinate dynamic task sharing and allow UxV operators to be quickly brought up to speed with sufficient situation awareness to effectively understand and handle new tasking. Within CSAwe have implemented a real-time workload model for estimating workload across a user’s visual, tactile, and cognitive resources. This workload estimate enables the system to recognize when tasks should be handed off and to whom they should be handed. By tracking user tasks, user workload, and system state, the system builds an understanding of the team’s …

Intelligent Multi-Unmanned Vehicle Planner With Adaptive Collaborative/Control Technologies (Impact), Mark Draper, Gloria Calhoun, Michael Hansen, Scott Douglass, Sarah Spriggs, Michael Patzek, Allen Rowe, Dakota Evans, Heath Ruff, Kyle Behymer, Michael Howard, George Bearden, Elizabeth Frost

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2017

Thissymposium provides an overview of a researcheffort that integrated several autonomy advancements into a control station prototype to flexibly teama single human operator with heterogeneous unmanned vehicles. The autonomy related technologies optimize asset allocation, plan vehicle routes, recommend courses of actionand provide a distributed support architecturefeaturing an extensible software framework.This effort also integrated these technologies with novel human-autonomy interfaces that allow operators to effectively manage UxV viahigh level “play” commands. Evaluation results indicatethat the innovative approach supports operator-autonomy teaming for effective management of a dozen simulated vehicles performing base defense tasks.

Attrition In U.S. Air Traffic Control Specialist (Atcs) Training: A Review Of 50 Years Of Data, Dana Broach

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2017

Aptitude testing and “screening” at the FAA Academy have been viewed as keys to reducing field ATCS training attrition. To what extent have ATCS field training attrition rates changed over time with testing and screening? Historical data on training outcomes were extracted from FAA reports and other documented sources for controllers hired in five non-overlapping cohorts spanning 50 years. Academy Attrition Rateaveraged 26% (SD=18%) over the 50 yearsand across options, compared to 25% (SD=4%)in field training. LowerField Training Attrition Ratescoincided with no screening (22%, 1968– 1970) and intensive screening (19%, 1986–1992). Elimination of screening did not result …

Lifestyle Medicine Professionals In Training: A Survey Of Behaviors, Knowledge And Needs, Camille A. Clarke, Jonathan P. Bonnet, Marsha Gail Davis, Elizabeth P. Frates

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Background/Purpose: It is well known that healthy lifestyle habits can influence chronic disease risk and outcomes. The effective practice of Lifestyle Medicine (LM), however, goes beyond general recommendations and has been encapsulated in well-defined clinical competencies. While it has been documented that graduating medical students feel inadequately prepared to counsel patients in nutrition and exercise, the purpose of this study is to explore the perceptions and experiences of Lifestyle Medicine in a group of interdisciplinary healthcare trainees. Methods: A pilot survey of trainees at the 2015 Annual American College of Lifestyle Medicine (ACLM) Conference assessed perspectives on the inclusion of …

Easy Breathing For Elementary School Children With Asthma At Dayton Public Schools, Jeanine M. Bochenek

Doctor of Nursing Practice Program Projects

Approximately 8.4% or 6.4 million children are diagnosed with asthma in the United States. Asthma is a chronic and life threatening disease that cannot be cured but only managed. Asthma is also one of the most expensive conditions to manage, requiring direct health care services if not adequately controlled. Asthma symptoms and exacerbations are also the number one reason for school absences among children. The PICOT question that guided the review of the literature to answer the clinical question was: In children with asthma, how does a school-based self-management asthma education program compared to standard management affect school absences and …

Kathleen “Kit” Sinclair, Phd, Otr/L, Fwot, Faota

OJOT Sponsor Profiles

No abstract provided.

Adult Qdts, Chinese, Marianne E. Weiss, Binghua Wang

Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale

The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale, Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale, and Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty Scale were developed by Dr. Marianne Weiss to measure nurse-sensitive discharge care processes and patient outcomes. Three versions of the scales were developed concurrently for different patient populations – Adult medical-surgical patients, Parents of hospitalized children, and Postpartum Patient mothers (see Weiss & Piacentine, 2006, Weiss et al., 2007, and Bobay et al., 2018 for description of the development and initial testing). Additional scales and information about translation rights are located at Marquette Nursing.

PERMISSION TO USE

The Readiness for Discharge Scale, Quality of Discharge …

Understanding The Impact Of Substance Abuse On Occupation Using The Lifestyle History Questionnaire, Mikel Stone

Occupational Therapy Doctorate Capstone Projects

Background: Substance abuse and addiction have become serious societal problems resulting in a myriad of health, personal and relational issues (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014). Gutman (2006) reported that an individual involved in substance abuse and addiction may experience difficulty with purposeful time management and may neglect major life roles. The focus of this Capstone Project was to identify the occupational dysfunction experienced by individuals prior to participating in residential recovery programming.

Purpose: The purpose of this Capstone Project was to identify occupational dysfunction associated with substance abuse and addiction using the Lifestyle History Questionnaire (Martin et …

The Effectiveness Of Occupational Therapist Guided Remediation Through Handwriting Home Programs, Cindy W. Poole Mrs.

Occupational Therapy Doctorate Capstone Projects

Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of an occupational therapist guided, parent-taught home handwriting instruction program for alphabet letter mastery and as a potential school system service delivery model.

Methods: Sixteen teacher referred students participated in this two-group pre-test posttest design using the Test of Handwriting Skills-R and parent survey data to determine summer remediation program effectiveness.

Results: Parent survey support correlated to statistically significant intervention group THS-R mean change standard scores in alphabet letter formation from pre-test (M = 89.57, SD = 12.12) to posttest (M =101.4, SD = 10.39), t …

Life In Hampton Roads Survey Press Release #2: Police, Race Relations And Attitudes Regarding The Homeless And Mentally Ill In Hampton Roads, Social Science Research Center, Old Dominion University

Life in Hampton Roads Survey Report

[Introductory paragraph]

This report examines regional and sub-regional perceptions of crime and police from the 2017 Life In Hampton Roads survey (LIHR 2017) conducted by the Old Dominion University Social Science Research Center. Data from prior years is also provided when available to show comparisons in responses over time. Responses were weighted by city population, race, age, gender, and phone usage (cell versus land-line) to be representative of the Hampton Roads region.

Critically Appraised Paper For “Bobath Concept Versus Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy To Improve Arm Functional Recovery In Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Clinical Rehabilitation, Emily Garnica, Savannah Hancock, Tiffany Huang, Jessica Phung, Kitsum Li

Occupational Therapy | Critically Appraised Papers Series

The researchers used a Level I, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial design to compare the functional arm recovery of 22 high-functioning poststroke participants. Participants were evenly assigned to receive therapy using the Bobath concept or constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT).

The first intervention group received therapy using the Bobath concept, a neurodevelopmental treatment focused on specific handling techniques that guide the patient’s affected arm through initiation and completion of tasks. The intervention consisted of 1 hr of training per day in an outpatient clinic and a 24-hr home program for 10 consecutive weekdays. The second intervention group received CIMT, a rehabilitation treatment …

Post-Transfusion Purpura: A Case Report Of An Underdiagnosed Phenomenon, Hind Rafei, Raza Yunus, Samah Nassereddine

Medicine Faculty Publications

Post-transfusion purpura is a rare transfusion-related complication that often goes undiagnosed. It is due to alloimmunization against platelet antigens which leads to acute profound thrombocytopenia following the transfusion of any platelet-containing product (red blood cells or platelets). It is commonly seen in multiparous women. Here, we report a case of post-transfusion purpura in a 56-year-old multiparous woman who developed acute thrombocytopenia seven days following a packed red blood cell transfusion. We will discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis, workup and treatment of this rare disease. It is important to recognize this entity separately and to include it in the differential diagnosis …

The Association Of Standardized Patient Educators (Aspe) Standards Of Best Practice (Sobp), Karen Lewis, Carrie Bohnert, Wendy Gammon, Henrike Holzer, Lorraine Lyman, Cathy Smith, Tonya Thompson, Amelia Wallace, Gayle Gilva Mcconvey

Medicine Faculty Publications

In this paper, we define the Association of Standardized Patient Educators (ASPE) Standards of Best Practice (SOBP) for those working with human role players who interact with learners in a wide range of experiential learning and assessment contexts. These human role players are variously described by such terms as standardized/simulated patients or simulated participants (SP or SPs). ASPE is a global organization whose mission is to share advances in SP-based pedagogy, assessment, research, and scholarship as well as support the professional development of its members. The SOBP are intended to be used in conjunction with the International Nursing Association for …

A System To Monitor Segmental Intracellular, Interstitial, And Intravascular Volume And Circulatory Changes During Acute Hemodialysis, Leslie Montgomery, Richard Montgomery, Wayne Gerth, Marty Loughry, Susie Q. Lew, Manuel T. Velasquez

Medicine Faculty Publications

This paper describes a new combined impedance plethysmographic (IPG) and electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic (BIS) instrument and software that allows noninvasive real-time measurement of segmental blood flow and changes in intracellular, interstitial, and intravascular volumes during various fluid management procedures. The impedance device can be operated either as a fixed frequency IPG for the quantification of segmental blood flow and hemodynamics or as a multi-frequency BIS for the recording of intracellular and extracellular resistances at 40 discrete input frequencies. The extracellular volume is then deconvoluted to obtain its intra-vascular and interstitial component volumes as functions of elapsed time. The purpose of …

Association Between Plant-Based Diets And Plasma Lipids: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Yoko Yokohama, Susan Levin, Neal Barnard

Medicine Faculty Publications

Context: Although a recent meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials showed that adoption of a vegetarian diet reduces plasma lipids, the association between vegetarian diets and long-term effects on plasma lipids has not been subjected to meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and clinical trials that have examined associations between plant-based diets and plasma lipids.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for articles published in English until June 2015.

Study Selection: The literature was searched for controlled trials and observational studies …

Review Of Current Immunologic Therapies For Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Victoria K. Shanmugam, Nadia Meher Zaman, Sean Mcnish, Faye Hant

Medicine Faculty Publications

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory disease of apocrine gland-bearing skin which affects approximately 1–4% of the population. The disease is more common in women and patients of African American descent and approximately one-third of patients report a family history. Obesity and smoking are known risk factors, but associations with other immune disorders, especially inflammatory bowel disease, are also recognized. The pathogenesis of HS is poorly understood and host innate or adaptive immune response, defective keratinocyte function, and the microbial environment in the hair follicle and apocrine gland have all been postulated to play a role in disease …

Predictors Of High On-Aspirin Platelet Reactivity In Elderly Patients With Coronary Artery Disease., J W Zhang, W W Liu, Timothy A Mccaffrey, X Q He, W Y Liang, X H Chen, X R Feng, Sidney W Fu, M L Liu

Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives

Previous studies have illustrated the link between high on-aspirin platelet reactivity (HAPR) with increasing thrombotic risks. The aim of our study was to investigate relative risk factors of HAPR in elderly patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods

Elderly, hospitalized coronary artery disease patients on regular aspirin treatment were enrolled from January 2014 to September 2016. Medical records of each patient were collected, including demographic information, cardiovascular risk factors, concomitant drugs and routine biological parameters. Arachidonic acid (AA, 0.5 mg/mL) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP, 5 µmol/L) induced platelet aggregation were measured via light transmission assay (LTA) to evaluate antiplatelet responses, …

Plasmablastic Lymphoma: Case Report Of Prolonged Survival Of An Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Patient And Literature Review, Hind Rafei, Ehab El-Bahesh, Antoine Finianos, Min-Ling Liu, Geraldine Schechter

Medicine Faculty Publications

Clinical Practice Points. Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and highly aggressive variant of diffuse large B cell lymphoma with median survival of advanced stage patients varying between 6 and 15 months in previous reports. We report here a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient surviving over 12 years following treatment for advanced PBL with EPOCH chemotherapy and intrathecal therapy. This case highlights the potential for improved survival in PBL with intensive chemotherapy. Further, literature review suggests promising prospects utilizing novel targeted therapies to increase the rate of prolonged responses.

Bevacizumab (Avastin) And Thermal Laser Combination Therapy For Peripapillary Choroidal Neovascular Membranes., Sean D Adrean, Scott Grant, Siyang Chaili

Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective. This is a retrospective interventional case series describing the results of 5 eyes from 5 patients with symptomatic peripapillary choroidal neovascularization (CNVM) receiving initial bevacizumab treatment followed by thermal laser and bevacizumab combination therapy. Methods. Patients received intravitreal bevacizumab injections until the lesions were well-defined. Thermal laser ablation was then administered and followed by an additional bevacizumab injection after one week. Visual outcomes, OCT changes, and rates of recurrence were recorded and analyzed. Results. Median visual outcomes improved from 20/50 to 20/30 (p = 0.0232). Median central macular thickness decreased from 347 μm to 152 μm (p = 0.0253). …

Neurobehavioral Function In Adults Recovering Consciousness After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review, Jennifer Weaver, Ann Guernon, Trudy Mallinson, Theresa Louise-Bender Pape, Thomas Harrod

Clinical Research and Leadership Faculty Posters and Presentations

This scoping review aims to report the findings of current literature examining the assessment of neurobehavioral function and recovery along the continuum of disorders of consciousness (DOC) from coma to full consciousness.

•This study is designed to capture the range of constructs researchers have used to measure NBF during recovery of consciousness.

•The research question for this review was: “What constructs are most frequently used to assess neurobehavioral function in adults recovering consciousness after severe TBI?”