Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Assessing Very Early Infant Diagnosis Turnaround Times: Findings From A Birth Testing Pilot In Lesotho, Michelle Gill, Heather J. Hoffman, Majoalane Mokone, Vincent Tukei, Matsepeli Nchephe, +Several Additional Authors

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Very early infant diagnosis (VEID) (testing within two weeks of life), combined with rapid treatment initiation, could reduce early infant mortality. Our study evaluated turnaround time (TAT) to receipt of infants’ HIV test results and ART initiation if HIV-infected, with and without birth testing availability. Data from facility records and national databases were collected for 12 facilities offering VEID, as part of an observational prospective cohort study, and 10 noncohort facilities. HIV-exposed infants born in January–June 2016 and any cohort infant diagnosed as HIV-infected at birth or six weeks were included. The median TAT from blood draw to caregiver result …

Regulatory Elements On Marijuana, For The Effective Population Health Protection, C Santos-Burgoa

Global Health Faculty Publications

When discussing the public health approach to the use of marijuana, the complexity of rigorous regulatory interventions for population protection is omitted. Using the experience of governments where these practices already exist, regulation is introduced as an essential public health function, spelling out seven purposes for controlling marijuana. The technical elements of institutional capacity -including the technical and financial capacity- and of governance that must be covered by any rigorous regulation of its use are detailed below. The difficulty of regulating psychoactive substances is addressed when considering the capacity to control other legal substances manifested with their increased consumption. It …

Risk Of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Among Dabigatran Users – A Self Controlled Case Series Analysis, Wenze Tang, Hsien-Yen Chang, Meijia Zhou, Sonal Singh

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

This article aims to evaluate the real world risk of gastrointestinal bleeding among users naïve to dabigatran. We adopted a self-controlled case series design. We sampled 1215 eligible adult participants who were continuous insured users between July 1, 2010 and March 31, 2012 with use of dabigatran and at least one gastrointestinal bleeding episode. We used a conditional Poisson regression to estimate incidence rate ratios. The population consisted of 64.69% of male and 60.25% patients equal to or greater than age 65 at start of observation. After adjustment for time-variant confounders, the incidence rate of gastrointestinal bleeding was similar during …

Post-Diagnosis Body Mass Index And Mortality Among Women Diagnosed With Endometrial Cancer: Results From The Women's Health Initiative., Hannah Arem, Ruth M Pfeiffer, Steven C Moore, Melinda L Irwin, Michael J Lamonte, Gloria E Sarto, Rami Nassir, Juhua Luo, Rowan T Chlebowski, Louise A Brinton, Charles E Matthews

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Higher body mass index (BMI) measured before endometrial cancer diagnosis has been associated with greater risk of developing endometrial cancer and higher mortality, but the association between BMI measured after diagnosis and mortality risk is unclear. We identified 467 women (91 deaths) in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) with information on BMI measured after diagnosis and used Cox proportional hazards regression to generate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause mortality. Comparing BMI 35+ with/m2, we observed no association with all-cause mortality (HR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.55-1.91). Our study does not support the hypothesis that higher …

Combating Antibiotic Resistance: A Policy Roadmap To Reduce Use Of Medically Important Antibiotics In Livestock, Expert Commission On Addressing The Contribution Of Livestock To The Antibiotic Resistance Crisis 2017

Antibiotic Resistance Action Center (ARAC)

No abstract provided.

Baltimore, Md: Creating A Coalition To Improve School Climate In Inner City Baltimore, The Center And Health Care In Schools

Center for Health and Health Care in Schools

Serving one of the largest, and poorest, inner city school districts in the country, grant makers and service organizations have been helping children in Baltimore City Public Schools (City Schools) for years. In 2014, a diverse group of grant makers, government organizations, school personnel, and community groups started meeting to learn more about existing mental health programs, structures, and challenges in the schools. Still developing at the time of this study in spring 2015, the group has coalesced and grown under the umbrella term School Climate Network and, as of February 2016, is creating strategic plans and work groups to …

Developing A Business Plan For Sustaining School Mental Health Services: Three Success Storiess, Donna Behrens, Julia Graham Lear, Olga Acosta Price

Center for Health and Health Care in Schools

Imagine an America where children arrive at their school desks, ready to learn and succeed. They have coping skills to address their everyday worries, concerns and stressors, as well as the more difficult challenges life may present. They have social skills to establish positive relationships with their peers, teachers and parents. They make healthy choices that allow them to focus on their education and prepare for future success. And if a problem arises, they have access to early intervention and treatment. Now, imagine having sustainable funding to make all of this a reality.

Currently, however, barriers, particularly financing issues, restrict …

Addressing Culture And Context In Humanitarian Response: Preparing Desk Reviews To Inform Mental Health And Psychosocial Support., M Claire Greene, Mark J D Jordans, Brandon A Kohrt, Peter Ventevogel, Laurence J Kirmayer, Ghayda Hassan, Anna Chiumento, Mark Van Ommeren, Wietse A Tol

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

Delivery of effective mental health and psychosocial support programs requires knowledge of existing health systems and socio-cultural context. To respond rapidly to humanitarian emergencies, international organizations often seek to design programs according to international guidelines and mobilize external human resources to manage and deliver programs. Familiarizing international humanitarian practitioners with local culture and contextualizing programs is essential to minimize risk of harm, maximize benefit, and optimize efficient use of resources. Timely literature reviews on traditional health practices, cultural beliefs and attitudes toward mental health and illness, local health care systems and previous experiences with humanitarian interventions can provide international practitioners …

Elucidating Adolescent Aspirational Models For The Design Of Public Mental Health Interventions: A Mixed-Method Study In Rural Nepal, Sauharda Rai, Safar Bikram Adhikari, Nanda Raj Acharya, Bonnie N. Kaiser, Brandon A. Kohrt

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Adolescent aspirational models are sets of preferences for an idealized self. Aspirational models influence behavior and exposure to risk factors that shape adult mental and physical health. Cross-cultural understandings of adolescent aspirational models are crucial for successful global mental health programs. The study objective was elucidating adolescent aspirational models to inform interventions in Nepal.

Methods

Twenty qualitative life trajectory interviews were conducted among adolescents, teachers, and parents. Card sorting (rating and ranking activities) were administered to 72 adolescents aged 15–19 years, stratified by caste/ethnicity: upper caste Brahman and Chhetri, occupational caste Dalit, and ethnic minority Janajati. …

Changes In Balance And Joint Position Sense During A 12-Day High Altitude Trek: The British Services Dhaulagiri Medical Research Expedition, Sarah B. Clarke

Datasets

Postural control and joint position sense are essential for safely undertaking leisure and professional activities, particularly at high altitude. We tested whether exposure to a 12-day trek with a gradual ascent to high altitude impairs postural control and joint position sense. This was a repeated measures observational study of 12 military service personnel (28±4 years). Postural control (sway velocity measured by a portable force platform) during standing balance, a Sharpened Romberg Test and knee joint position sense were measured, in England (113m), and at 3 research camps (3619m, 4600m and 5140m) on a 12-day high altitude trek in the Dhaulagiri …

Alcohol Marketing In The Americas And Spain During The 2014 Fifa World Cup Tournament, Jonathan K. Noel, Thomas F. Babor, Katherine Robaina, Melissa Feulner, Alan Vendrame, Maristela Monteiro

Health & Wellness Department Faculty Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Dehydration Reduces Posterior Leg And Trunk Flexibility And Increases Stiffness In Male Collegiate Age Runners, Paul Ullucci, Douglas J. Casa, Tracy Dexter Matthews, John M. Rosene

Health & Wellness Department Faculty Publications and Research

Dehydration reduces flexibility and increases stiffness in male collegiate age runners. Dehydration has been shown to negatively affect collagen in vitro; however the literature lacks works exploring the in vivo effects of dehydration on collagenous tissue. This study addresses this gap in the literature, by exploring the effects of dehydration on the muscles and connective tissues of the posterior leg. It was hypothesized that when dehydrated, the collagen within these tissues would become stiffer, decreasing flexibility and increasing stiffness. A cross-over cohort design was conducted to evaluate nineteen male collegiate runners. Each subject attended three sessions: baseline, dehydration and euhydration. …

Peer-Reviewed Veterinary Journals From Arabic-Speaking Countries: A Systematic Review, Kristen M. Robertson, Jacquelyn E. Bowser, Joshua Bernstein, Basil H. Aboul-Enein

Health & Wellness Department Faculty Publications and Research

Background

The prevalence of diseases of foodborne and zoonotic origin in Arabic-speaking countries highlights the importance of collaboration between human and animal health professionals. However, accessibility of research and evidence-based practices in these countries is not well characterized. This brief report determines the availability of professional veterinary journals within the Arabic-speaking region.

Methods

An electronic search using 6 databases assessed for publication period, activity status, and available languages incorporated all aspects of veterinary medicine and specialties.

Results

Among 29 veterinary journals identified, the oldest current publication originated 63 years ago, with 10 journals currently interrupted or ceased. All 19 currently …

Reduced Microrna-503 Expression Augments Lung Fibroblast Vegf Production In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Jun Ikari, Amy J. Nelson, Jannah Obaid, Alvaro Giron-Martinez, Kumiko Ikari, Fumihiko Makino, Shunichiro Iwasawa, Yoko Gunji, Maha Farid, Xingqi Wang, Hesham Basma, Dawn Demeo, Carol Feghali-Bostwick, Olaf Holz, Klaus Rabe, Xiangde Liu, Stephen I. Rennard

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

Alterations in microRNA (miRNA) expression may contribute to COPD pathogenesis. In COPD, lung fibroblast repair functions are altered in multiple ways, including extracellular mediator release. Our prior study revealed miR-503 expression is decreased in COPD lung fibroblasts, although the exact role played by miR-503 is undetermined. The current study examined a role of miR-503 in cytokine, growth factor and fibronectin production by lung fibroblasts from patients with and without COPD. Primary adult lung fibroblasts were isolated from patients with or without COPD. MiR-503 expression and interleukin (IL)-6, -8, PGE2, HGF, KGF, VEGF and fibronectin release were examined with or without …

Physician Assistant Orlando 2017, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Audiology United Kingdom, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Photograph Of Mikhail Baryshnikov Dancing "A Cloud In Trousers", White Oak Dance Project, 1996, Steven Caras

be Still

No abstract provided.

Healing The Soul With Yoga, Bhavik Upadhyay

be Still

Second year osteopathic medical student Gavin Yseth conducting yoga session for fellow classmates.

Pressure Thresholds And Stiffness On The Plantar Surface Of The Human Foot, Thilina W. Weerasinghe, Ravindra S. Goonetilleke, Uwe Reischl

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

The objective was to develop a methodology to assess Pressure Discomfort Thresholds (PDT), Pressure Pain Thresholds (PPT), and tissue stiffness on the plantar surface of the foot. Ten male and ten female participants volunteered for the study. Foot landmarks were used to create a standardized grid-type template of 95 points. For each test point, PPT and PDT values were obtained, and stiffness was calculated for each of the twenty participants. Cluster analyses were performed to determine the regions of similarity for the three dependent variables, PPT, PDT and stiffness. Moran’s-I-index was used to determine the spatial auto correlations. The use …

Identifying Factors Associated With Participation In T1d Support Program For Young Adults, Taylor L. Neher, Samuel D. Towne Jr., Sarah E. Toevs

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been shown to have a significant and stressful impact on an individual’s transition into young adulthood. Young adults are often experiencing new levels of independence and decision-making at this time. Insufficient research has been conducted on the use and impact of T1D support programs tailored to young adults in relation to the emotional impacts of the disease, access to programming, and desired outcomes of programs. his study assesses awareness, utilization, and emotional needs of T1D support programs tailored to young adults.

Research Design and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on surveys collected through …

The School Food Environment And Its Association With Dietary Intake Among Rural Adolescents, Hannah F. Hickey

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

The school food environment has the ability to increase the consumption of fruit and vegetables in rural adolescents. This study used a survey to allow adolescents in seven rural counties to self-report their fruit and vegetable intake as well as utilizing the USDA Mathematica tool and the School Nutrition and Meal Cost Study audits to evaluate what food and beverage products were actually available to adolescents. By using these two measures, associations between fruit and vegetable intake and availability of healthy and unhealthy foods were determined. The availability of healthy snacks and beverages was found to be associated with sugar-sweetened …

Florida Orthodontist Participation As Medicaid Providers, Lisa Brooks

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Low-income families are usually unable to afford the cost of orthodontic treatment. The Medicaid program exists to assist these families’ access to medical and dental care, including orthodontics in children and adolescents with severe malocclusions. There exists a contrast between need and care-received, which is a product of several general factors. This study will examine the factors involved with orthodontist participation. Previous studies have indicated that low reimbursement rates and excessive paperwork are among the reasons that providers choose not to participate in Medicaid. New studies have identified factors that were accurately able to predict if a dentist is a …

Validating The Rate Of Perceived Stability Scale To Gauge Balance Training Difficulty, Lorenzo Bianco, Preston Groft

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

An effective way of measuring balance training difficulty is needed to properly conduct balance training. The instructor must ensure that the subject is partaking in the proper balance training difficulty. If the difficulty of the training is too hard, the subject may be at higher risk for injury. If the difficulty is too low, the subject may not receive all the benefits of the program. The purpose of the research study was to validate the Rate of Perceived Stability (RPS) scale. We recruited 25 subjects over the age of 50. The subjects were community ambulators with no musculoskeletal issues. The …

Methods To Increase Efficacy Of Pro-Active Balance Training Among Older Adults, Angelica Sierra Houston

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

In the health care field, doctors and researchers rely on objective information to make conclusions about a person's health. However, concepts such as pain and balance rely on subjective information to properly assist a patient. The key innovations regarding the assessment of pain began in 1939, starting as a list of 44 words sorted into five groups. Now, the pain scale comes in many forms, from a numeric score ranging 0-10 (Numeric Rating scale or NRS), to a scale of faces with appropriate descriptors with it (Visual analog scale, or VAS). Such as pain, balance is subjective, and what may …

Development Of The Parenting Style And Practice Scale (Psps) In Examining Parenting Practices And Children's Academic Performance, Morgan Kubisch, Danieele Poissant, Beth Friedman-Romell

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

What roles do parents play in fostering children's academic success in school? There is a general consensus that confirms the importance of parenting styles and practices on children's academic performance (e.g., Pinquart, 2015). However, there is a lack of up-to-date systematic parenting scales with acceptable validity and reliability. For this reason, it limits our understanding of parenting related studies in the current context. Developing a questionnaire is critical to conduct cross diverse comparisons which would broaden the generalizability of the related research. Adopting the review of literature research approach, the purpose of this study was to develop a scale that …

Moving Multi-Directional Harnessed Balance Training From The Clinic To The Community: Harnesses In A Community Garden, John Demarco, Hannah Simon

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

Individuals such as the elderly and disabled frequently have trouble balancing, and therefore have a higher fall risk. A fear of falling can significantly impact mobility, thereby limiting participation in life activities. Balance training programs are often ineffective, because they are not intense enough or related to real life. Our lab has developed a clinic-based intense, engaging multi-directional harnessed balance training program that addresses these concerns. This work describes the process of transitioning the clinic-based training program into a community setting, specifically community gardening. We developed a harness system for a community garden high tunnel with raised beds. We incorporated …

P2: Differential Effects Of Adjacent-Letter And Open Flanking Bigrams On Lexical Decision Performance, Lea G. Araya, Nicole M. Russo

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

Some models of word identification hypotheses units responsive to bigrams—letter pairs—that may not be adjacent in a letter-string stimulus. Grainger, Mathot, and Vitu (2014) and Palinski (2016) found, for words, responding was more efficient when flanking bigrams contained target-string letters than when they did not. They also found that responding was more efficient when flanking bigrams contained letters ordered as in the target than switched but whether flanking bigrams were ordered as in the target did not affect performance. Palinski (2016) replicated the results of Grainger et al. (2014) and conducted a second experiment that included four additional conditions in …

Decreasing Stress Levels Through Animal Interaction, Cyna Abid

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine college students' feelings after playing with a support dog during a stressful time such as midterm exams and final exams. The goal of the research is to determine how effective the students perceive playing with pets has on decreasing their stress levels during stressful times. The reason this study is being conducted is to focus on the students' experiences and the thoughts and feelings that are occurring within themselves personally during the interaction with the dogs. It is based on their perception and feelings of stress relief rather than their physiologic …

Nursing Students' Perceptions On Characteristics Of An Effective Clinical Instructor, Joan Niederriter, David Eyth, Joan Thoman

Nursing Faculty Publications

Purpose: To identify characteristics and teaching techniques of effective clinical instructors that can be utilized or implemented to improve the student nurse clinical experience.

Background: The clinical instructor is an integral part of a quality clinical experience. They help students transfer didactic information to the practice setting. The clinical nursing experience is a vital component in the developmental process of the nursing student. Research has been done on this subject, but gaps remain. The need for a more in-depth understanding of students' perceptions of the characteristics and teaching techniques that best aid their comprehension and learning will help instructors to …

2017 Annual Report, Center For Applied Research On Substance Use And Health Disparities

Center for Applied Research on Substance Use and Health Disparities Annual Reports

No abstract provided.